Industrial Instruments Research Articles

Innovative Approaches to Gas Sensing: Bridging Theory and Human Applications

In this study, a comprehensive analysis of gas sensor technology was conducted, focusing on various types and their applications in industrial instrumentation. The technical characteristics of different gas sensors, both static and dynamic, are explored, along with an examination of working principles. Connection methods with other devices were demonstrated using simulation software for wiring diagrams and microcontroller programming. An analysis of circuit characteristics was presented, with a focus on input-output relations such as amplitude and sensitivity. Additionally, a conceptual design for a new type of gas sensor was proposed, utilizing existing components. This study not only contributes to the understanding of current gas sensor technologies but also outlines key directions for future innovations, specifically focusing on optimizing sensor efficiency for human-based technology applications.

A Financial Analysis of Valuation Forecast of Chongqing Chuanyi Automation

As a basic and strategic high-tech industry of the national economy, the instrumentation industry plays a very important role in promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, developing strategic emerging industries, and ensuring and improving people's living standards. Instrumentation is also an important part of major equipment and an important device for realizing industrial informatization and intelligent manufacturing. The industrial structure of China's instrumentation industry is in a stage of gradual upgrading. This article focuses on the recent operating conditions and future development prospects of Chongqing Chuanyi Automation Co,. Ltd (Hereinafter referred to as CQCY), a leading enterprise in the industry. Combining external conditions such as the macroeconomic environment and national policy adjustments with the company's endogenous factors, this article predicts key indicators such as its future operating income, gross profit margin, interest rate, and capital turnover. This article further analyzes the sustainable operating capacity of CQCY and finds that the company is in good condition in terms of liquidity, debt repayment ability and profitability, which confirms that CQCY still has strong market competitiveness and development potential in the industry. This article provides a reference case for enterprises in the instrumentation field, especially in the industrial automatic control system device manufacturing industry, to assess whether their financial status is healthy and good, which has certain reference significance.

Exploring Social Engagement in Live Commerce--Take Douyin as an Example

China’s live streaming industry is gradually approaching maturity, becoming a major competitive instrument in the e-commerce industry. Therefore, this article will explore social interaction in live commerce and future interaction in live streaming. This article describes the background and current development of the live-streaming industry in China. This article explores interactivity in live commerce using the Douyin platform as an example. Explored the interactive features of live commerce on the Douyin platform from the streamer and audience to audience perspectives. Using the frameworks of symbolic interactionism and Internet expansion, the social interactions that live commerce brings to audiences are researched. This article also emphasizes the importance of live interaction for the benefit of live commerce and the importance of live content. Subsequently, the impact of this social interaction on the audience’s decision-making process is explored. Furthermore, the article also explores the misinformation, data privacy, and potential brand crisis that can be caused by live commerce, and it emphasizes the emotional connection between streamers and audiences and the building of community as the future of live commerce.

ENHANCING GEOMATICS ENGINEERING EDUCATION THROUGH VIRTUAL REALITY

This paper investigates the application of the virtual reality (VR) technology in geomatics engineering education and its possibilities of changing the learning landscape in this discipline. Several challenges can be attributed to fields like Surveying, Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing which inclusive comes under Geomatics Engineering. This technology programming provides students with rich experiences through immersive and interactive features which allow learner to practice technical competencies and solve problems through field exposure. Today, it is entirely possible to develop new forms of courses by using the VR technology: adapting the course modules, organizing group learning, providing access to industry instruments and applications. In addition, the introduction of VR works well in improving delivery more specifically on accessibility constraint in the areas of geographic location, cost as well as disability. This paper explores the possibility of VR integration for geomatics engineering education, analyses trend and discusses direction for added improvement and research within the field.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA ALAT MUSIK DI TOKO SULTAN MUSIK KELURAHAN SIRANINDI KOTA PALU

Strategy is an important step in determining the long-term plan of an organization. The development of musical instrument business in the Sultan Music shop is crucial considering the increasing demand for musical instruments and increasingly tight competition, especially from online sales. This study aims to determine the business development strategy at the Sultan Music Shop. With a focus on overcoming the challenges or obstacles faced and identifying strategic steps that can increase competitiveness. This study was analyzed descriptively Qualitatively with a case study approach at the Sultan Music shop. Primary data was collected through interviews with shop owners and employees while secondary data was obtained from documentation and related literature. This study shows that the Sultan Music Shop faces significant challenges in the musical instrument industry, including intense competition and the need to increase brand recognition. In this context, an effective business development strategy is essential to improve product and service quality. Sellers need to have a deep understanding of the products offered in order to explain their advantages and facilities to consumers.

Can Front-of-Pack Labeling Encourage Food Reformulation? A Cross-Sectional Study on Packaged Bread.

Front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) may represent an important instrument for the food industry in the promotion of food product reformulation. The present cross-sectional study used salt reduction in packaged breads as a case study, aiming to investigate whether two different types of FOPL (i.e., Nutri-Score (NS) and NutrInform battery (NIB)) can capture food reformulation and thus be effective tools for encouraging reformulation. The Nutri-Score and NIB were calculated by consulting the nutritional declarations and ingredient lists of 527 packaged breads currently sold in Italy before and after applying three different theoretical reformulation strategies: (i) a 25% salt decrease from the current median salt content in bread; (ii) a reduction of up to 0.825 g/100 g of salt, corresponding to the sodium benchmark of 330 mg/100 g set by the World Health Organization (WHO); and (iii) the minimum salt reduction needed to improve the NS by one grade. The results show that only ~44% of breads had improved NSs when the sodium was lowered to reach the WHO benchmark or when salt was reduced by 25%, whereas large variability was observed in the minimum salt reduction needed to improve the NS. Regarding the NIB, the battery for salt improved when both strategies of reformulation were applied. FOPL is not always effective in capturing food reformulation in terms of salt reduction, possibly discouraging the efforts of food companies to improve the nutritional quality of foods.

An ensemble machine learning framework with explainable artificial intelligence for predicting haemoglobin anaemia considering haematological markers

Anaemia is a disorder marked by low blood levels of haemoglobin (HGB), affecting people of all ages and ethnicities and is a major global public health concern. Anaemia must be diagnosed as soon as possible to enable prompt treatment and intervention, which can reduce complications and enhance patient outcomes. With the ability to improve diagnostic precision and expedite patient care procedures, machine learning (ML) has become a potent instrument in the healthcare industry. Hence, we examine the use of ML approaches to predict haemoglobin-like anaemia in this research article. Based on a heterogeneous dataset of blood markars, we investigate the performance of many machine learning techniques such as Logistic Regression, CatBoost, XgBoost Decision Trees, KNN and others. The algorithms are further ensembled using a customized stacking approach. The ML models' judgments are interpreted using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods. The xgboost and the stacking classifier obtained an accuracy, precision and recall of 99% each. Our research shows how ML models can help with the early diagnosis and treatment of anaemia, which will ultimately lead to better patient outcomes and healthcare results. Overall, the research shows how ML emphasizes the value of interdisciplinary cooperation in solving challenging medical problems.

Hydrogen peroxide mediated thermo-catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to C1-C2 products over Cu (0)

Hydrogen peroxide mediated thermo-catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to C1-C2 products over Cu (0)

What helps improve outcomes of industrial policy in developing countries? Evidence from Russia

ABSTRACT In developing countries, implementing effective industrial policies faces challenges due to capacity and governance constraints, hindering accumulation of recognised success stories. This impedes our understanding of effective industrial policy tools in countries with accountability deficits. This article explores Russia’s Industrial Development Fund (IDF) support programmes, initiated since 2014, aimed at promoting import substitution through low-interest loans to industrial firms. These IDF programmes appeared to be more effective than most of Russia’s other industrial policy instruments. The article shows that they have resulted in statistically significant sales growth for supported businesses. It highlights institutional features contributing to programme effectiveness, ensuring the integrity of beneficiary selection and project support. It offers valuable insights for organisations implementing state support programmes in challenging governance conditions. Additionally, the recent emergence of more effective industrial policy tools like the IDF may partly explain Russia’s increased economic resilience against international sanctions imposed due to the war in Ukraine.

Time management as the growth factor of small manufacturing enterprises

The article deals with small manufacturing enterprises as a point of an industry economic growth which potentially outpaces the average growth rate of the industry and the GDP growth rate that makes it possible to increase the share of gross production product in the general structure of small business of Russia. As one of the reserves of growth of such enterprises the author presents implementation of corporate time management technologies which allow the administration of the enterprises to increase the time for solving the tasks facilitating the economic growth: working with the major clients and contracts, searching for new financial sources, introduction of new capacities, development of new products, formation and development of new management teams. The author suggests the structure of a corporate time management standard which regulates the issues of managing meetings, calendars, operational tasks, work communications. The article contains description of the method of implementation of corporate time management at the example of a small manufacturing enterprise of the instrumentation industry.

Non-interference detection of digital signals in transmission line utilizing quantum sensor of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Non-interference detection of digital signals in transmission line utilizing quantum sensor of nitrogen-vacancy centers

Novel Design of Double Touch Plano-Convex MEMS Capacitive Pressure Sensor: Robust Design, Theoretical Modeling, Numerical Simulation and Performance Comparison

Due to advancements in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication technologies, researchers are incorporating numerous innovations in the design of capacitive pressure sensors (CPS). This work aims to present a novel CPS design using a plano-convex substrate to enhance the capacitance and sensitivity. Diaphragm deflection occurs due to its elastic property when pressure is applied to the diaphragm. This deflection reduces the distance between the diaphragm and substrate, thereby remarkably increasing capacitance. The Plano-Convex design offers added advantages of increased contact area between the diaphragm and substrate under applied pressure, hence significantly enhancing sensor sensitivity and range. More efficient and miniaturized CPSs are in high demand in medical instrumentation, aerospace, aviation, power plants and automotive industries. This work presents all the required mathematical calculations, modeling and simulations to support the proposed design. The diaphragm deflection simulation concerning pressure is conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics, while MATLAB is employed for analytical simulations related to changes in capacitance and capacitive sensitivity.

Evaluation of visual property specification languages based on practical model-checking experience

Evaluation of visual property specification languages based on practical model-checking experience

DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL FOR PLANNING WORK ON METROLOGICAL SUPPORT OF AN ENTERPRISE TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF NECESSARY OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

The need to maintain the quality of products of the domestic optical-electronic instrument industry by maintaining the quality of metrological support for enterprises producing optical-electronic devices, determining the required number of optical-electronic measuring instruments at the enterprise will allow maintaining high quality of products by preventing shortage of optical-electronic measuring instruments and the occurrence of downtime. The use of foreign analogues of optical-electronic measuring instruments is associated with a long process of testing for type approval and registration in the state register of measuring instruments. The duration of the testing process is associated with testing according to foreign quality standards, which do not always coincide with domestic ones, resulting in long work to harmonize standards. The purpose of the article is to maintain the efficiency of resource planning for the life cycle of optical-electronic measuring instruments by managing the metrological support process based on functional and mathematical modeling of its state, taking into account all stages of the life cycle.

Design of an information-computer system for the automated modeling of systems for automatic orientation of production objects in the machine and instrument industries

An information-computer system has been developed for the automated modeling of systems for automatic orientation of production objects, which is one of the most important and complex creative flexible production systems of machine and instrument engineering. The proposed information-computer system for automated modeling of systems of automatic orientation of production objects is an effective tool for solving an important task of a scientific and applied nature. Its use makes it possible to increase the speed and efficiency of information processing and to make correct and well-founded decisions when determining the composition and method of organization of systems of automatic orientation of production objects. The structure of this information-computer system is a specific set of software and hardware and information and telecommunication tools and interactive functional modules. This structure reproduces a certain paradigm that conditions the integrity and integration of the information-computer system for automated modeling of systems for automatic orientation of production objects in flexible production systems. In addition, uniformity, extensibility, the possibility of modernization and changeability of software components, protection of information from unauthorized access and preservation of commercial secrets are ensured according to international criteria for evaluating the protection of the computer system. Neuro-fuzzy network information processing and computer vision algorithms have been implemented for automatic identification of production objects and orientation devices, which are components of automatic orientation systems of production objects. The developed information-computer system processes information in real time with high accuracy and speed

Life Cycle Assessment of an Office Building in Finland Using a Custom Assessment Tool

Life cycle analysis (LCA) is a crucial instrument in the construction industry, offering a comprehensive evaluation of the environmental impacts at every stage of a building’s lifecycle. Recently introduced into Finnish construction legislation, this approach has not yet been thoroughly researched in relation to the Finnish Ministry of the Environment (FMoE) assessment method, nor have new calculation techniques been proposed to address its shortcomings. Furthermore, Finnish research on environmental impact assessment has predominantly focused on residential buildings, leaving a scarcity of studies on office buildings. This paper aims to fill these gaps in the literature, considering LCA, carbon footprint, and carbon handprint assessment tools of concrete-, timber-, and steel-framed cases. Our results are as follows: (1) the majority of the carbon footprint of a concrete-framed case originated from emissions associated with energy use and second largest share of total emissions occurred during the product phase of the building and within this phase, the building services contribute the most to product-related emissions; (2) a significant portion of these emissions came from facades and floor structures; (3) the carbon footprint of the timber-framed option was significantly lower than that of its concrete- and steel-framed counterparts; (4) steel-framed option’s carbon footprint was nearly equivalent to that of the concrete-framed option; (5) estimated carbon handprint of the timber-framed option was considerably higher than that of the concrete- and steel-framed options, primarily due to the carbon storage capacity of the timber components; (6) steel-framed option’s carbon handprint surpassed that of the concrete-framed option because of the high recycling and reuse potential of steel components; (7) the LCA method used by FMoE has some unclear areas. These ambiguities include how to assess the impacts of carbonation in cement-based products and the replacement of building components.

Geographical indication: a review

Geographical Indication (GI) is an industrial property instrument that seeks to distinguish the geographic origin of a certain product or service. The challenge is associated with identifying how the Geographical Indication seal could be a useful tool to leverage local and regional development. The objective of this study is to review the international literature on the topic of Geographical Indication, especially for wine production. The SCOPUS database was used as a search engine. The expression “geographical indication” was used as a search key in the title, keywords or summary fields, resulting in 2224 publications. Publications were analyzed without filter. It was noticed that “Protection” has a negative inclination, that is, it is being left aside as a research interest. The words associated with Wine, Food and Sustainability showed a positive slope in the linear regression, which suggests that they are causing increasing interest among researchers.

예술의전당 건립이 현악기점 집적에 미치는 영향

This study aims to explore the relationship between cultural facilities and regions by analyzing the impact of the establishment of the Seoul Arts Center on the agglomeration of stringed instrument stores. A spatial analysis of the distribution change of the Seoul musical instrument industry was conducted, and after the establishment of the Seoul Arts Center, it was confirmed that a new musical instrument store agglomeration centered on string instruments was formed in the area of the Seoul Arts Center in addition to Nag-won Shopping Center in Jongno-gu, which was an existing musical instrument store agglomeration. In addition, the process and factors of the agglomeration of stringed instrument stores around the Seoul Arts Center were examined by dividing them by period, and the causal relationship between the establishment of the Seoul Arts Center and the agglomeration of stringed instrument stores was inferred by analyzing the socio-spatial context and characteristics of the formation stringed instrument stores. This study differs from previous studies in that it analyzes the process of cultural economy emergence through the combination of the local urban context and the social characteristics of stringed musical instruments as cultural products from various perspectives. It also suggests that complex factors are required to trigger positive social and economic effects in a region through the construction of cultural facilities, and that comprehensive planning and consideration are needed in the promotion and operation of cultural facilities.

Assessment of the industrial potential of Russia's industrial regions: Economic security

Subject. This article discusses the issues of ensuring economic growth, rational use of production assets and labor resources. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the trends in the implementation of the industrial potential of some regions of Russia for the period 2017–2021. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis. Results. The article breaks down Russian regions by level of industrial potential. Particular attention should be paid to such industrial policy instruments as an active reduction in imports, attracting domestic and foreign investment. Relevance. The results of the study can be used to design a long-term programme for the development of the real sector of the Russian economy.

Economics of technology as a scientific field: Retrospective and prospective aspects

This article examines a number of aspects in the development of the economics of technology as an independent research direction. This field falls under the umbrella of a broader discipline of the ‘economics of scientific and technological progress’, which was founded by a group of outstanding Soviet economists. The article analyses the methodological principles behind the economics of technology as a modern field of science. Additionally, the contribution made by the Soviet and Russian economic schools, as well as the continuity of their studies, are discussed. The research methodology is based on theories of technological change and development factors. Comparative analysis is used to explore the chronology of including technology in the realm of economic analysis. The results obtained indicate that modern works by the Russian economic school, including those on the ‘combinatorial growth’ of technologies, significantly alter the widely-held concept of technological evolution and most well-known models of technological dynamics, which rely on J. Schumpeter’s principle of creative destruction. In this respect, the emerging research direction – economics of technology – continues the traditions of the Soviet economic school of Heynman–L’vov–Anchishkin. While considering the economic impact, renewal, or forecasting of technological development, this direction also focuses on interactions between technologies and their dynamics. Technologies advance at various rates along various areas of production activities, both within their core and periphery. Consequently, the structure of technologies within each type of activity, as well as the structural design of each technology within the ‘core–periphery’ framework, is of fundamental importance. The conclusion is made that the research direction of the economics of technology consists in studying the effects of combinatorial growth in technological fields, technological duality, and the sensitivity of technological development goals to different industrial policy instruments. This direction also includes modes and models of substituting and adding technologies, as well as technological neutrality and its impact on economic growth.