Test Instrument Research Articles

Quality of life after transaxillary endoscopic breast augmentation—A prospective study

BackgroundThe authors‘ previous research suggested the hypothesis that aesthetic surgery in general has a positive impact on quality of life (QoL). This prospective study aimed to investigate the indication-specific effect on QoL in patients undergoing transaxillary endoscopic breast augmentation MethodsSeventy-seven patients underwent aesthetic breast augmentation. Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. All of them answered one set of the questionnaires preoperatively and the follow-up set at six months post-operatively. The testing instruments included a self-developed, indication- specific questionnaire and five standardized and validated questionnaires with German norm data available: Questions on Life Satisfaction, Modules (FLZM, German version), the Freiburg Personality Inventory-Revised (FPI-R), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SRES), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) and the Breast-Q | Augmentation. ResultsOur self-developed indication-specific questionnaire shows high satisfaction with the postoperative results. The FLZM demonstrated significant improvements in the modules life in general (p < 0.001), ‘hobbies’ (p < 0.001), ‘health’ (p = 0.04), ‘family life’ (p = 0.03) and ‘partner relationship/sexuality’ (p < 0.001). Moreover, the FPI-R revealed a significant improvement in emotional stability (p < 0.001). Moreover, the PHQ-4 showed a significant reduction in overall psychological distress (p < 0.001). Further, Breast-Q indicated a significantly increase in psychological (p < 0.001) and sexual well-being (p < 0.001). ConclusionTransaxillary endoscopic breast augmentation has a significant impact on QoL and sexuality. The surgery leads to a higher satisfaction not only with the result of intervention and the outer appearance specifically, but also with life and the state of health generally. It improves emotional stability. Therefore, the authors’ hypothesis in a previous research was confirmed for this specific indication prospectively.

Innovative preparation of polyimide/polysulfone amide (PI/PSA) membrane-pore-like nanofibers with biomimetic penguin feather shaft structure and thermal insulation performances

The white-browed penguin can survive in extreme environments due to its unique feather structure. The feather shafts of penguins are porous, separated by the membrane-pore-like structure made of keratin fiber membranes. The feather branches are densely arranged around the feather shafts. This unique structure provides inspiration for researchers. In this work, we developed a simple method to construct polyimide/polysulfone amide (PI/PSA) membrane-pore-like structure nanofibers resembling penguin feather shafts and studied the effects of different low-boiling point solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethyl acetate (EA), and acetone (AC)) on the morphology, tensile properties, and thermal insulation properties of PI/PSA membrane-pore-like structure nanofibers. Comprehensive characterization was also performed using scanning electron microscope, total reflection infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, universal testing machine, thermal conductivity meter, pore size analyzer, thermal gravimetric analyzer, infrared thermal imaging instruments, and thermocouple testing instruments. The results showed that when the mass ratio of THF to N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) was 20/80, the prepared PI/PSA membrane-pore-like structure nanofibers exhibited excellent thermal insulation properties, with a low thermal conductivity of 0.0436 W·m−1·K−1, a breaking strength of 7.72 ± 2.64 MPa, and a breaking elongation of 8.19 ± 4.07 %. The biomimetic membrane-pore-like structure with excellent thermal insulation properties is expected to be applied in various fields, such as heat-protective clothing and architectural coatings in harsh environments.

Empirical Analysis of Physics Test Instruments to Measure Graphical Representation Abilities in “Temperature and Heat” Topics

This study focused on developing physics test instruments for senior high school students on the topics of temperature and heat. The study aimed to determine (i) the quality of the test instrument content, (ii) the feasibility of the test instrument, and (iii) students’ graphic representation abilities on “Temperature and Heat” topics. The test instrument development went through three stages, namely test design, testing, and test assembly. The test instrument was tested in the Science Class XII of the Public Senior High School 5 Yogyakarta with a total of 195 students as research subjects. The item analyzes in this study included analysis of model validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and level of students’ ability. The research results showed that the test instrument for the graphical representation of “Temperature and Heat” topics had good content quality but still needed to be improved. The feasibility of the graphic representation test instrument showed that there were seven items that were declared valid and reliable even though the items tested did not conform to the Raschmodel. However, these seven items were still suitable for use on a wide scale to measure graphical representations of “Temperature and Heat” topics. Finally, in the analysis of students’ abilities regarding graphical representation individually, the largest percentage was in the low category, while, overall, the students’ abilities level was classified as medium. Thus, it was necessary to improve question items that involve graphical representation that meet the criteria for good, valid, and reliable question items, and can improve students’ graphic representation abilities.

Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Sikap Keuangan, dan Self Efficacy Terhadap Perilaku Pengelolaan Keuangan Ibu Rumah Tangga

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of financial literacy, financial attitudes and self-efficacy on financial management behavior among housewives in RT 04 Dusun Turi, Kembangan Village. This type of research uses quantitative research. Quantitative research is research using survey data that is quantified and statistically analyzed. Classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing are the test instruments used in this research. The financial literacy variable has a positive and insignificant effect on the dependent variable, namely financial management behavior. The financial attitude variable has a positive and insignificant effect on the dependent variable, namely financial management behavior. The independent variable, namely self-efficacy, has a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable, namely financial management behavior. Meanwhile, financial literacy, financial attitudes and self-efficacy simultaneously have a positive and insignificant influence on financial management behavior among housewives in RT 04 Dusun Turi, Kembangan Village.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Luas Bangun Datar Kelas IV di SDN Kemayoran 2 Bangkalan

This research aims to determine the significant influence of the application of the make a match type cooperative learning model on mathematics learning outcomes regarding area of ​​flat figures for class IV SDN Kemayoran 2 Bangkalan. This research is a quantitative research type of experimental research, the research design used is quasi experimental design, and the form of design used is nonequivalent control group design, meaning that neither the experimental group nor the control group samples were chosen randomly. The sample used was 56 students at SDN Kemayoran 2 Bangkalan consisting of class IVA and class IVB. This research uses an experimental class and a control class. Data collected using observation, interviews and tests. Trials on test instruments use validity tests, reliability tests, level of difficulty of questions, and distinguishing power. The data analysis used is a prerequisite test using the normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing using the Mann Whitney test. Researchers used the Mann Whitney hypothesis test because based on the results of the normality test, the data was not normally distributed. So to compare data from two groups of data (experimental and control) you must use the non-parametric Mann Whitney test. Based on the results of data analysis in hypothesis testing using Mann Whitney, the posttest obtained on the Mann Whitney line was U = 269.5 and Pvalue = 0.039/2 = 0.02. According to Kadir (2015), if pvalue &lt; 0.05 then Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average value of mathematics learning outcomes between the control and experimental classes

Analyzing The Impact of Project-Based Learning STEAM Flipped Classroom on Computer Architecture and Organization Courses in Higher Education

This study examines the differences in students' creative thinking skills between the project-based learning STEAM Flipped Classroom and the direct learning STEAM Flipped Classroom model by paying attention to the role of academic self-efficacy as a moderator variable. The research population consists of students in informatics engineering study programs in the Denpasar area of Bali. The study used a quasi-experimental 2 x 2 factorial design. Data collection is carried out through questionnaires and test instruments. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as analysis of covariance. The results showed a significant difference in students' creative thinking skills between those who learned with the STEAM Flipped Classroom project learning model and the STEAM Flipped Classroom direct learning model. In addition, there are differences in students' creative thinking skills based on the level of academic self-efficacy. The empirical application of the STEAM Flipped Classroom project model is proven to help students generate new ideas, develop ideas, and improve their thinking skills. However, the findings suggest that flexible thinking skills must be further enhanced. Students with high self-efficacy tend to be more proactive in providing constructive ideas in project-based learning activities. This research implies that it is necessary to actively motivate and share experiential stories with students who have low self-efficacy. In the future, I suggest that universities adopt the innovative learning model of project-based learning STEAM flipped Classroom to improve the creative thinking skills of informatics engineering students at the college level.

Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Tipe Kepribadian Thinking dan Feeling dalam Menyelesaikan Soal HOTS berdasarkan Newman’s Error Analysis

This research is a descriptive study which aims to describe the errors made by students in solving HOTS mathematics problems based on Newman's error analysis. This research was conducted at MTs NU Al Badar with research subjects of 1 student with a thinking personality type and 1 student with a feeling personality type. The research instrument used in this research is a test instrument in the form of HOTS type mathematics questions with material on Building a Curved Side Room with 3 questions and an interview guide. The results of the research obtained information that the errors made by students when working on high order thinking skills (HOTS) type mathematics problems with the material Building Curved Side Spaces were divided into four types of error categories, namely errors in understanding the problem (comprehension errors), transformation errors (transformation errors). errors), processing skills errors, and errors in writing answers (encoding errors).

Improving Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Through The Use Of Pbl-Base Google Sites Learning Media And Review Students’ Collaboration Skills

Human Resources (HR) must have the 4Cs (communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity) to be educated in the 21st century. Initial research shows that students' ability to collaborate and think critically still needs to be improved. This research aims to determine the use of PBL-Google Sites learning media to improve critical thinking skills and review students' collaboration skills. The research method uses pre-experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample comprised 63 students in classes 7A and 7B of SMP Negeri 11 Yogyakarta. The instruments used are tests and non-tests. The test instrument uses pretest and posttest critical thinking skills. The non-test instrument uses observation of collaboration skills. The data analysis results show the influence of using Google Sites PBL learning media on students' critical thinking abilities. Judging from the results of the Wilcoxon test, the Sig (2-tailed) value is &lt;0.05, namely 0.000, and there is an effect size value of -0.616, which shows that the magnitude of the effect is in a large category. Students' collaborative skills obtained an average score of 75.14, which is in the good category. Based on the results of data analysis, the Google Sites PBL model learning media can improve students’ critical thinking skills and determine students' collaboration skills.

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kepala Desa terhadap Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembangunan Desa Sruwi Kecamatan Winongan Kabupaten Pasuruan

Leadership is the ability to persuade or influence others to achieve certain goals and the authority to establish responsibility. The role and community is consciously and voluntarily in the stage of decision making, implementation of activities, monitoring and evaluation, as well as the use of development results from the development process is called "community participation". The population used is the community of Sruwi village with a sample of 100 respondents with a sampling technique using non probability techniques with slovin formulas, the division method using Random sampling Technique where researchers divided into several groups. Analysts used are Instrument Test, Description Analysis, Classic Assumption Test, Simple Linear Regression Analysis, Coefficient Determinant Analysis, Koofisien Correlation And Hypothesis Tests. The results showed that 1) Leadership had a partial effect on community participation with a value of sig.0,000 &lt;0.05 and the value of count&gt; t table is 15.763&gt; 1.984 2) There is a relationship and influence between leadership variables and participation with a value of 0,000 &lt;0.05. With the value of pearson correlation 0,847 which means correlation relations rates are very strong.

Psychometric properties of self-report instruments for assessing self-care in patients with oncological diseases: protocol for a COSMIN-based systematic review

Background: The topic of self-care in cancer has garnered increased attention from researchers and clinicians over the years. This has prompted the development and testing of several instruments to capture the multidimensional nature of the self-care construct in cancer patients. Several self-report instruments are available in the literature; however, which instrument exhibits the best reliability and validity remains unclear.Objective: The aim of this protocol is to identify all available instruments developed for measuring self-care behaviors in adult cancer patients and critically appraise their psychometric properties.Methods: This systematic review will follow the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases will be searched for relevant articles on the topic. Studies testing the psychometric properties of self-report instruments assessing self-care behaviors in adult cancer patients, published in English, Italian, or Spanish, will be included. Two independent reviewers will assess the eligibility of the studies and extract the data. Risk of bias will be evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist, and the quality of the results will be assessed based on specific COSMIN criteria.Conclusion: A thorough and critical evaluation of all available evidence for instruments measuring self-care in patients with cancer might have both strong clinical and research implications. The results of this review could drive healthcare providers in the selection of the most appropriate assessment tool for detecting and monitoring the self-care levels of this population. On the other hand, the results may underline the necessity of validating new instruments.

Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Pegawai Dilihat Dari Disiplin dan Motivasi Kerja (Studi Pada Kantor Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Solok)

Well-performing personnel are a major source of motivation for social care agencies. Employee motivation and discipline are good indicators of this. Finding out how work motivation and discipline affected employees' performance at the Solok Regency Social Service Office was the aim of this study. This research falls under the category of quantitative research. The primary data that was used was gathered by having respondents fill out questionnaires. The study's population comprised all 39 employees who worked at the Solok Regency Social Service Office. Total sampling was the method employed for sampling in this investigation. 39 persons were the total number of samples that were to be used. Multiple linear regression analysis, determination coefficient testing, hypothesis testing, and research instrument testing were all used in the data analysis technique. The study's findings showed that work motivation affected employee performance, work discipline had no effect on employee performance, and work motivation and discipline had an impact on employee performance at the same time.

Development of a Fluid Material Pocket Book to Improve Understanding Flood Disaster Mitigation

Research has been carried out on the development of a pocket book on flood mitigation physics. The aims of this research are: to produce a decent pocket book on flood mitigation physics, to produce a practical pocket book, and to increase understanding student disaster. The subject of this research was the development of a pocket book on flood mitigation physics, while the test subjects were 28 students in class XI Science at SMA Negeri 12 Makassar. The development model used in this research is the 4D model. The instruments used were pocket book validation sheets, practitioner assessment questionnaires (educators/teachers), and flood disaster understanding test instruments. The eligibility criteria for pocket books are seen from the aspect of their validity. The practicality criteria are seen from practitioners' assessments, and the effectiveness criteria are seen from increasing students' understanding of disasters. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions were drawn: the pocket book on flood mitigation physics that was developed was declared valid and suitable for use with minor revisions; pocket book is in the very good category; Students' ability to understand disasters analyzed using N-gain obtained an average value of 0.57, which is in the high category. This means that there is an increase in students' ability to understand flood disasters. In this way, the pocket book on physics for flood disaster mitigation that has been developed can increase students' understanding of disasters

Development of Scientific Argumentation Test Instruments for Students on the Classification of Living Creatures in Junior High School

Development of Scientific Argumentation Test Instruments for Students on the Classification of Living Creatures in Junior High School. Encouraging students to think and act like scientists is an important basis of the scientific approach to learning. Both students and scientists need arguments. This study uses a research and development (R&amp;D) approach concerning the ADDIE model. The validation stage has been carried out by experts—linguists, material experts, and media experts—as well as one-on-one trials, small groups, and teacher practice. It can be concluded that the results of the expert validation as a whole.

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ASSURE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIS PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

This research aims to find out whether the Mathematical Literacy of students who receive learning using the Assure model is better than those who receive learning using the Problem Based Learning model. This research is a quasi-experimental research with the subjects of this research being students in classes 5A and 5B at SDN Anyar 2 with 27 students in each class. This research uses test instruments to measure students' mathematical literacy and non-test instruments using interviews and observations. This research data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics on the Pretest and Posttest. The research results showed that in the pretest, experimental class students got an average of 50.4 and the control class 49.12 and there was almost no difference in initial ability. Posttest results showed that the experimental class was superior with an average score of 78 and the control class 63.85. This shows that the mathematical literacy skills of experimental class students who were given the Assure model improved better than students who were given the Problem Based Learning model.

Effect of 2-PL and 3-PL Models on the Ability Estimate in Mathematics Binary Items

The investigation delves into examining the influence of 2-parameter logistic (PL) and 3-parameter logistic models on the ability estimates of students in mathematical binary items. It ascertained the parameters of the items in the 2-PL and 3-PL models. We employed Item Response Theory (IRT) in the design of this research survey, with a sample comprising 1015 senior secondary (SS) students in SS III classes who were analyzed using both models in the investigation. The Mathematics Achievement Test instrument was adapted from the General Mathematics Paper 1 of the Senior School Certificate Examination administered by the West Africa Examinations Council (WAEC). Results indicated that the 2-PL model shows lower difficulty levels but higher discriminatory indices. Statistical analysis revealed a significant (F = 19.52, p &lt; 0.05 and F = 18.52, p &lt; 0.05) effect of both models, respectively, on ability estimates in mathematics binary items among Nigerian secondary school students. We established that item parameters in the 2-PL and 3-PL models significantly affected the ability estimate of Nigeria secondary school students in binary mathematics items, while the 3-PL model provided a better ability estimate than the 2-PL model.

The Effectiveness of Website-Assisted Learning Multimedia to Improve Mathematics Learning Achievement of Elementary School Students

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of web-assisted learning multimedia in improving Maths learning achievement among primary school students. This study used a quasi-experimental approach, using a pre-test and post-test design to measure students' learning achievement. Data collection was conducted using test instruments designed to assess learning outcomes in a structured and objective manner. The effectiveness of the web-based multimedia intervention was measured through the Normalised Gain (N-Gain) test, which evaluates the level of improvement in students' mathematics learning achievement. Differences in the dependent variable between the experimental and control groups were further analysed using Paired Samples t-test and Independent t-test. The results of the N-Gain test indicated that the experimental group showed significantly greater improvement in Mathematics learning achievement compared to the control group, with the experimental group achieving a medium category N-Gain score of 0.68, while the control group's score was categorised as low at 0.17. In addition, the Paired Samples t-test and Independent t-test showed significance levels below 0.05, further validating the substantial impact of the web-based multimedia on student achievement. These findings underscore the potential of web-based multimedia as an effective instructional tool to improve students' learning achievement, especially in the area of Mathematics. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge in educational technology and offers practical insights to enhance the learning process among young learners

The Influence of Social Media, SEO (Search Engine Optimization), and Mobile Applications on Consumer Purchasing Decisions at PT. Udayana Bali Ambassador

Consumer behavior is changing significantly due to the development of technology and the internet, which has impacted transaction activities from conventional to online. In Indonesia, the increase in internet users has made it easier for consumers to access information and compare products before purchasing. This requires companies, including PT Udayana Bali Ambassador, to understand the influence of digital elements such as social media, SEO, and mobile applications on consumer purchasing decisions. The three digital marketing elements are essential in building consumer relationships, increasing visibility, and facilitating buying. The combination of these three strategies creates an effective digital marketing ecosystem. This research aims to analyze the influence of social media, SEO, and mobile applications on consumer purchasing decisions at PT Udayana Bali Ambassador. The research method used is quantitative and descriptive, with data collection through questionnaires distributed online to 97 respondents. Instrument tests include validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to test the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results showed that social media, SEO, and mobile applications significantly influence consumer purchasing decisions. The calculated F value in this study has exceeded the F table value, namely, 407.078&gt; 3.092, which means that social media (X1), SEO (Search Engine Optimization) (X2), and Mobile Application (X3) simultaneously affect consumer purchasing decisions (Y). Based on this, it can be concluded that social media, SEO, and mobile applications influence consumer purchasing decisions.

Assessing Undergraduate Cognitive System Thinking Instruments in Genetics Lectures: A Rasch Model Analysis

This study aims to test the reliability, validity and wright person-items of the test instrument. It used to measure students' cognitive system thinking in genetics lectures. This cognitive system dimension (New Marzano Taxonomy) consists of 4 levels: retrieval, comprehension, analysis, and knowledge utilization. The research method used was descriptive quantitative, with respondents as many as 116 undergraduate students who had attended genetics lectures. The instrument used consisted of 20 multiple-choice questions developed from 4 levels of the cognitive dimension of the system. Data analysis using the Rasch Model-Dichotom to generate more accurate estimates based on individual abilities and difficulty levels of question items. The results showed that the Alpha Cronbach and Item Reliability value on the instrument was 0.81 (Very Good) to 0.92 (Best). Furthermore, person reliability is 0.63 (Moderate). It can be concluded the interaction between the question items and the quality of the question items on the test instrument indicates that the instrument effectively assesses constructs and is relevant for measuring the level of cognitive system thinking. Revisions are made to items that are too easy or too difficult, as well as a review of items with similar difficulties. So it can be assessed that this test has the potential to be widely used in measuring cognitive ability, but some improvements are needed to further improve its reliability for other population.

Quantitative Measures of Engagement in History Classes: Analyzing the Efficacy of Interactive Pedagogies

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of interactive pedagogy on student engagement and knowledge retention. A quantitative method was used. The sample was 500 students from three high schools. The Engagement measurement instrument and Knowledge Retention Test were used to measure engagement and knowledge retention metrics. Data collection was conducted over one semester. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, inferential, ANOVA, and Effectiveness Index. The results of this study confirmed that classroom activity engagement reached 88.32%, and history knowledge retention reached 80.30%, indicating the success of the pedagogical intervention. The Effectiveness Index of student engagement and knowledge retention was 35.70%.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR

This research aims to determine the effect of the inquiry learning model on student learning outcomes in class IV Mathematics at SD Negeri 22 Sigaol Marbun for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is an experimental method with a quantitative research type. To obtain the data required a test instrument of 25 questions. The total research sample was 31 students based on purposive sampling technique. To determine students' initial abilities, the research conducted a Pre Test with an average score of 56.77 which was included in the poor category. The results of the Post Test have improved from the Pre Test results given previously with the students' average score reaching 73.29 in the good category. It can be said that the level of success in student learning outcomes has increased as evidenced by the results of the correlation coefficient test calculation, which obtained r_count ≥r_tabel with results of 0.716 ≥ 0.355. Next, hypothesis testing compares the t_count ≥t_table value. The obtained value of t_count = 5.523 while t_table = 1.696. Because t_count ≥t_table (5.523 ≥ 1.696) then H_a is accepted and H_o is rejected. Through the t-test, it can be concluded that there is a significant positive influence between the Inquiry learning model (X) on student learning outcomes (Y).