Quality Assessment Instrument Research Articles

Reporting Quality Assessment of Randomized Controlled Trials Published in Nephrology Urology Monthly Journal.

Context:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are important tools for evidence-based health care decisions. It is, therefore, important that they be conducted and reported with the highest possible standards. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reporting quality of the RCTs published in nephrology urology monthly journal and to examine whether there was a change over time in the reporting quality.Evidence Acquisition:The quality of each report was assessed using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 Statement checklist and a 5-point quality assessment instrument, i.e. the Jadad scale.Results:Eighteen (14 Iranian and 4 non-Iranian) RCTs were published from 2012 to 2014 on topics including renal stone (16.6%), hemodialysis and transplantation (38.8%), and prostate conditions (11.1%). Interventions comprised surgery, drugs, and teaching method in 7 (38 %), 10 (55%), and 1 (5%) of them, respectively. According to the CONSORT checklist, the weakest reported items were registration number, identification as a randomized trial in the title, and settings and locations where the data were collected. The mean Jadad score of the reports was 2.72 ± 1.36 (54% of their maximum possible total score). According to the Jadad and CONSORT scales, there was an increase in the quality of reporting from 2012 to 2014.Conclusions:This assessment shows low reporting quality scores in reports. Training courses for researchers, using standard reporting tools (e.g. CONSORT 2010 Statement checklist), and consultation with methodologists can improve the quality of published RCTs.

CRITERIA AND INICES OF EDUCATION QUALITY MONITORING IN UKRAINIAN AND EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES

The paper looks at the issue of quality monitoring of higher education. The research is aimed at identifying the criteria and indices related to educational activities of Ukrainian universities, and required for establishing a unified and scientifically proved estimation system. As the Ukraine strives for integration into the European educational environment, the author analyzes the recognized scientific recourses concerning the education quality assessment such as the models of educational indicators of UNESCO, the European Union and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, as well as the documents and recommendations of the European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA). The author singles out the following estimation criteria: competence, independence, utility, accuracy, feasibility of recommendations for quality assurance, transparency of monitoring procedures and compliance with the laws and moral norms. The given indices of education quality monitoring are based on the systematic approach and incorporate the indicators of provision, effectiveness and impact; therefore, the education quality can be analyzed as the process, management system and outcomes of the process. The above three groups of indicators form the effective instruments for education quality assessment corresponding with the world educational standards.

Transit-Time Flow Measurement as a Predictor of Coronary Bypass Graft Failure at One Year Angiographic Follow-Up

Transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) is a commonly used intraoperative method for evaluation of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) anastomoses. This study was undertaken to determine whether TTFM can also be used to predict graft patency at one year postsurgery. Three hundred forty-five CABG patients with intraoperative graft flow measurements and one year angiographic follow-up were analyzed. Graft failure was defined as more than 50% stenosis including the "string sign." Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk of graft failure after one year based on graft vessel type, anastomatic configuration, and coronary artery size. Nine hundred eighty-two coronary anastomoses were performed of which 12% had signs of graft failure at one year angiographic follow-up. In internal mammary arteries (IMAs), analysis showed a 4% decrease in graft failure odds for every 1 mL/min increase in TTFM (OR = 0.96, CI = [0.93; 0.99], p = 0.005). ROC analysis showed good discriminative ability for TTFM alone AUC = 69.5% in IMA grafts. For single-vein grafts the decrease in graft failure odds was 2% for every 1 mL/min increase in TTFM (OR = 0.98; CI = [0.97; 1.00], p = 0.059) and AUC of 59.9%. There were no significant relationships between TTFM and graft failure in other graft types or graft configurations. The TTFM method has good discriminative ability for assessing the risk of graft failure in certain graft types within the first year after CABG surgery and is a valuable instrument for intraoperative quality assessment of bypass grafts.

A Discussion Of Goods-Dominant Logic And Service Dominant Logic: A Synthesis And Application For Service Marketers

Service-Dominant (S-D) Logic is a mindset for a unified understanding of the purpose and nature of organizations, markets, and society. The fundamental principle of S-D logic is that organizations, markets, and society are primarily concerned with exchange of servicethe applications of competencies (knowledge and skills) for the benefit of a consumer(s). Thus,service is exchanged for service; all firms that transact daily in numerous micro-industries are service based. Consequently, marketing thought and practice should be grounded in service logic, principles, and theories.S-D logic embraces concepts of value-in-use andco-creation of value rather than thevalue-in-exchange andembedded-value concepts of Goods-Dominant (G-D Logic. This study challenges several of the fundamental premises (FP) asserted by Vargo and Lusch by analyzing how customers are brought into the marketing relationship and play a central role in the development and success of tangible goods and as active participants in defining the need for service. A series of personal interviews with upper to middle management, along with an MS excel House of Quality (HoQ) assessment instrument was used to gather data for this study. The QFD, HoQ assessment instrument is used to expose correlations between the 10 premises advanced by V and L and the functional quality characteristics most sought by service practitioners today. This research study analyzed the existence of conceptual SD-Logic and its recognition among four different service businesses along with their various marketing strategies.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Serbian version of the Australian pelvic floor questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the Serbian version of the Australian pelvic floor questionnaire. The Australian pelvic floor questionnaire was translated according to the standard method of back-translation. Women who presented with pelvic floor disorders completed the Serbian version of the Australian pelvic floor questionnaire. Women were subjected to clinical and gynecological assessment including physical examination, cough stress test, pelvic prolapse anatomical assessment using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system, and post-void residual volume. Reliability and divergent validity was performed on 76 patients with significant pelvic floor dysfunction and 23 women without pelvic floor dysfunction. Patients repeated the questionnaire after 4 weeks. High reliability was observed in all four dimensions (Cronbach's alpha coefficients were above 0.8 for each dimension: bladder 0.846, bowel 0.822, prolapse 0.842, and sexual function 0.823). Test-retest analyses revealed high reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients were above 0.9). Prolapse symptom score correlated significantly with pelvic organ quantification and bladder score correlated significantly with the results of the cough stress test (convergent validity). Scores distinguished between patients with pelvic floor disorders and controls (high discriminant validity). The Serbian version of the Australian pelvic floor questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of quality of life in women with pelvic floor disorders.

Sensors and instrumentation for unobtrusive sleep quality assessment in autistic children.

Little is understood about the sleep quality of children with autism and other developmental disabilities. Conventional sensors and instrumentation for objective sleep quality assessment, such as those used in polysomnography, are highly obtrusive and not well-suited to this patient population. This paper presents a set of sensors and instrumentation for unobtrusive measurement of physiological and behavioral parameters indicative of sleep quality. Specifically, load cells, an electromechanical film, and thermocouples are used to measure respiratory rate, pulse rate, and physical activity of a subject lying on a bed. The sensor suite is being developed to monitor sleep quality of children at Heartspring, a residential and educational facility in Wichita, KS that serves children with severe developmental disabilities. These technologies have the potential to provide objective sleep quality assessment for children in their home environment.

Systematic monitoring of male circumcision scale-up in Nyanza, Kenya: exploratory factor analysis of service quality instrument and performance ranking.

BackgroundConsiderable conceptual and operational complexities related to service quality measurements and variability in delivery contexts of scaled-up medical male circumcision, pose real challenges to monitoring implementation of quality and safety. Clarifying latent factors of the quality instruments can enhance contextual applicability and the likelihood that observed service outcomes are appropriately assessed.ObjectiveTo explore factors underlying SYMMACS service quality assessment tool (adopted from the WHO VMMC quality toolkit) and; determine service quality performance using composite quality index derived from the latent factors.Study designUsing a comparative process evaluation of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Scale-Up in Kenya site level data was collected among health facilities providing VMMC over two years. Systematic Monitoring of the Medical Male Circumcision Scale-Up quality instrument was used to assess availability of guidelines, supplies and equipment, infection control, and continuity of care services. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to clarify quality structure.ResultsFifty four items and 246 responses were analyzed. Based on Eigenvalue >1.00 cut-off, factors 1, 2 & 3 were retained each respectively having eigenvalues of 5.78; 4.29; 2.99. These cumulatively accounted for 29.1% of the total variance (12.9%; 9.5%; 6.7%) with final communality estimates being 13.06. Using a cut-off factor loading value of ≥0.4, fifteen items loading on factor 1, five on factor 2 and one on factor 3 were retained. Factor 1closely relates to preparedness to deliver safe male circumcisions while factor two depicts skilled task performance and compliance with protocols. Of the 28 facilities, 32% attained between 90th and 95th percentile (excellent); 45% between 50th and 75th percentiles (average) and 14.3% below 25th percentile (poor).Conclusionthe service quality assessment instrument may be simplified to have nearly 20 items that relate more closely to service outcomes. Ranking of facilities and circumcision procedure using a composite index based on these items indicates that majority performed above average.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Prevalence of Dupuytren Disease in the General Population of Western Countries

Dupuytren disease is a fibroproliferative disease of palmar fascia of the hand. Its prevalence has been the subject of several reviews; however, an accurate description of the prevalence range in the general population--and of the relation between age and disease--is lacking. Embase and PubMed were searched using database-specific Medical Subject Headings; titles and abstracts were searched for the words "Dupuytren," "incidence," and "prevalence." Two reviewers independently assessed the articles using inclusion and exclusion criteria, and rated the included studies with a quality assessment instrument. In a meta-analysis, the median prevalence, as a function of age by sex, was estimated, accompanied by 95 percent prediction intervals. The observed heterogeneity in prevalence was investigated with respect to study quality and geographic location. Twenty-three of 199 unique identified articles were included. The number of participants ranged from 37 to 97,537, and age ranged from 18 to 100 years. Prevalence varied from 0.6 to 31.6 percent. The quality of studies differed but could not explain the heterogeneity among studies. Mean prevalence was estimated as 12, 21, and 29 percent at ages 55, 65, and 75 years, respectively, based on the relation between age and prevalence determined from 10 studies. The authors describe a prevalence range of Dupuytren disease in the general population of Western countries. The relation between age and prevalence of Dupuytren disease is given according to sex, including 95 percent prediction intervals. It is possible to determine disease prevalence at a certain age for the total population, and for men and women separately.

Methods to Quantify Soft Tissue–Based Cranial Growth and Treatment Outcomes in Children: A Systematic Review

ContextLongitudinal assessment of cranial dimensions of growing children provides healthcare professionals with information about normal and deviating growth as well as treatment outcome.ObjectiveTo give an overview of soft tissue–based methods for quantitative longitudinal assessment of cranial dimensions in children until age 6 years and to assess the reliability of these methods in studies with good methodological quality.Data sourcePubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched. A manual search was performed to check for additional relevant studies.Study selectionPrimary publications on facial growth and treatment outcomes in children younger than age 6 years were included.Data extractionIndependent data extraction was performed by two observers. A quality assessment instrument was used to determine methodological quality. Methods used in studies with good methodological quality were assessed for reliability expressed as the magnitude of the measurement error and the correlation coefficient between repeated measurements.ResultsIn total, 165 studies were included, forming three groups of methods: head circumference anthropometry, direct anthropometry, and 2D photography and 3D imaging techniques (surface laser scanning and stereophotogrammetry). In general, the measurement error was below 2 mm, and correlation coefficients were very good.ConclusionVarious methods for measuring cranial dimensions have shown to be reliable. Stereophotogrammetry is the most versatile method for quantitative longitudinal assessment of cranial dimensions and shapes in children. However, direct anthropometry continues to be the best method for routine clinical assessments of linear cranial dimensions in growing children until age 6 years.

A proposed scale for measuring the quality of social media services: An E-S-QUAL approach

The purpose of this study is to modify a scale to evaluate the service quality of libraries’ social media. Libraries have adopted social media services to interact with their users and share information. However, we know little about how the users perceive the quality of social media services. There are no criteria or tools that have been developed for assessing the service quality of non-profit institutions’ use of social media from a user perspective. To address the gap, this study adopted the E-S-QUAL instrument developed by Parasuraman et al. (2005) and modified it through a focus group interview for libraries’ application. Four dimensions and two endogenous constructs were modified to reflect three features: online information processing, information services by libraries, and social media as platforms. This modified scale will be used in research to test its applicability to measure user-perceived service quality of library social media services. The results of this study will be of interest to researchers seeking to develop service quality assessment instruments and useful to managers to enhance the value of the services.

Patients' Perception of Postoperative Pain Management: Validation of the International Pain Outcomes (IPO) Questionnaire

PAIN OUT is a European Commission-funded project aiming at improving postoperative pain management. It combines a registry that can be useful for quality improvement and research using treatment and patient-reported outcome measures. The core of the project is a patient questionnaire—the International Pain Outcomes questionnaire—that comprises key patient-level outcomes of postoperative pain management, including pain intensity, physical and emotional functional interference, side effects, and perceptions of care. Its psychometric quality after translation and adaptation to European patients is the subject of this validation study. The questionnaire was administered to 9,727 patients in 10 languages in 8 European countries and Israel. Construct validity was assessed using factor analysis. Discriminant validity assessment used Mann-Whitney U tests to detect mean group differences between 2 surgical disciplines. Internal consistency reliability was calculated as Cronbach's alpha. Factor analysis resulted in a 3-factor structure explaining 53.6% of variance. Cronbach's alpha at overall scale level was high (.86), and for the 3 subscales was low, moderate, or high (range, .53–.89). Significant mean group differences between general and orthopedic surgery patients confirmed discriminant validity. The psychometric quality of the International Pain Outcomes questionnaire can be regarded as satisfactory. PerspectiveThe International Pain Outcomes questionnaire provides an instrument for postoperative pain assessment and improvement of quality of care, which demonstrated good psychometric quality when translated into a variety of languages in a large European and Israeli patient population. This measure provides the basis for the first comprehensive postoperative pain registry in Europe and other countries.

A systematic review of evidence on malignant spinal metastases: natural history and technologies for identifying patients at high risk of vertebral fracture and spinal cord compression

A systematic review of evidence on malignant spinal metastases: natural history and technologies for identifying patients at high risk of vertebral fracture and spinal cord compression

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of home telemonitoring interventions for patients with chronic diseases: a critical assessment of their methodological quality.

BackgroundSystematic reviews and meta-analyses of home telemonitoring interventions for patients with chronic diseases have increased over the past decade and become increasingly important to a wide range of clinicians, policy makers, and other health care stakeholders. While a few criticisms about their methodological rigor and synthesis approaches have recently appeared, no formal appraisal of their quality has been conducted yet.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this critical review was to evaluate the methodology, quality, and reporting characteristics of prior reviews that have investigated the effects of home telemonitoring interventions in the context of chronic diseases.MethodsOvid MEDLINE, the Database of of Reviews of Effects (DARE), and Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA) of the Cochrane Library were electronically searched to find relevant systematic reviews, published between January 1966 and December 2012. Potential reviews were screened and assessed for inclusion independently by three reviewers. Data pertaining to the methods used were extracted from each included review and examined for accuracy by two reviewers. A validated quality assessment instrument, R-AMSTAR, was used as a framework to guide the assessment process.ResultsTwenty-four reviews, nine of which were meta-analyses, were identified from more than 200 citations. The bibliographic search revealed that the number of published reviews has increased substantially over the years in this area and although most reviews focus on studying the effects of home telemonitoring on patients with congestive heart failure, researcher interest has extended to other chronic diseases as well, such as diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. Nevertheless, an important number of these reviews appear to lack optimal scientific rigor due to intrinsic methodological issues. Also, the overall quality of reviews does not appear to have improved over time. While several criteria were met satisfactorily by either all or nearly all reviews, such as the establishment of an a priori design with inclusion and exclusion criteria, use of electronic searches on multiple databases, and reporting of studies characteristics, there were other important areas that needed improvement. Duplicate data extraction, manual searches of highly relevant journals, inclusion of gray and non-English literature, assessment of the methodological quality of included studies and quality of evidence were key methodological procedures that were performed infrequently. Furthermore, certain methodological limitations identified in the synthesis of study results have affected the results and conclusions of some reviews.ConclusionsDespite the availability of methodological guidelines that can be utilized to guide the proper conduct of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and eliminate potential risks of bias, this knowledge has not yet been fully integrated in the area of home telemonitoring. Further efforts should be made to improve the design, conduct, reporting, and publication of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in this area.

Die Patientenperspektive jenseits ambulant-stationärer Sektorengrenzen – Was ist Patientinnen und Patienten in der sektorenübergreifenden Versorgung wichtig?

Patient perspective is crucial concerning health care and quality improvement. During episodes of care, patients come into contact with multidisciplinary health-care providers in inpatient and outpatient settings and are in a unique position to describe processes throughout the entire chain of care. The aim of this study was to identify patients’ experiences and preferences with fragmented cross-sectoral care to develop a patient-centred cross-sectoral quality-assessment instrument. Patient perspective was analysed using qualitative focus-group methods. Patients were recruited from general practices if they had experienced cross-sectoral care. Focus group discussions were audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using ATLAS.ti software. Categories were extracted deductively according to a previously developed focus group guide and supplemented by inductive analyses. Patients identified quality gaps mainly concerning communication and coordination of care mostly along the cross-sectoral interfaces. Referrals and hospitalisations were characterised by redundant examinations and deficits in forwarding clinical findings. Support and organisation of follow-up care was rated to be improvable mainly during inpatient care and discharge. Patients identified also quality deficits concerning inpatient hygiene factors and changes of medication. Lack of transparency and responsibility within the entire chain of care caused anxiety and unstableness of patients. Patients' experiences provide important information to identify quality gaps along the entire chain of care. Study results can be used to develop a cross-sectoral patient-centred quality assessment instrument.

A Brief, Low-cost Intervention Improves the Quality of Ambulatory Gastroenterology Consultation Notes

BackgroundEffective communication between primary care providers and specialty providers is important to facilitate high-quality specialty care. Few studies have assessed the quality of communication from specialist to primary care providers or implemented interventions to improve quality. We developed a brief, low-cost intervention designed to improve the quality of ambulatory gastroenterology consultation notes written by fellows and nurse practitioners in our urban health care system. MethodsSix physicians (3 specialists and 3 primary care providers) scored pre- and postintervention notes using an objective quality assessment instrument that had excellent inter-rater reliability. They were blinded to note date, author, and pre/postintervention status. The primary outcome was improvement in Composite Quality Score, an objective, comprehensive assessment of quality. Secondary outcomes included improvements in 3 specific domains, and Global Quality Score (a subjective measure of quality). ResultsTwo hundred pre- and 200 postintervention notes written by 6 fellows and 2 nurse practitioners were included. Composite Quality Score improved from 3.74 (of 5) to 4.09 (P <.001 in adjusted analysis). All secondary outcomes improved in adjusted analyses as well. The largest increase was seen in Communication Domain (22% increase). Fellow-written notes had higher scores than nurse practitioner-written notes, but nurse practitioner-written notes improved to a greater degree. ConclusionA brief, low-cost intervention significantly improved the quality of ambulatory gastroenterology consultation notes written by fellows and nurse practitioners. Communication between primary care providers and specialists is an important area for further study.

Development and Validation of the Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale

Postpartum sleep disorders are a significant problem for postnatal women. Although factors predisposing postnatal women to sleep disorders have been identified, few sleep quality assessment instruments adequately address these factors. This study aimed to develop a Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale (PSQS) and test its psychometric properties. Sixteen PSQS items were generated from clinical practice, a literature review, and expert recommendations. Two hundred two postpartum women were recruited from a medical center and an obstetric clinic in southern Taiwan in 2010-2011 to assess the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, construct validity, and convergent validity of the developed PSQS. Item analysis removed two of the initial PSQS items. The resultant 14-item PSQS showed good internal consistency (α = .81) and acceptable 5-day test-retest reliability (r = .81). Construct validity was confirmed using exploratory factor analysis, which extracted and defined "Infant night care-related daytime dysfunction" and "Physical symptoms-related sleep inefficiency" as the two main categories of postpartum sleep quality. These two factors explained 44.49% of total variance, with factor loadings between .43 and .76. Significant correlation (r = .67) with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed convergent validity. The 14-item PSQS is a reliable, valid, and useful scale for measuring postpartum sleep quality and examining intervention protocols in Taiwanese postpartum women with sleep disturbance.

The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of a quality of life questionnaire for traumatic brain injury

Objective To study the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of an instrument for assessing quality of life after traumatic brain injury (QOLIBRI).Methods A total of 49 patients with traumatic brain injury were studied.The test-retest reliability of the instrument was examined by computing intraclass correlation coefficients and its internal consistency was examined using Cronbach's α statistic.Its criterion-related validity was examined using reference instruments such as the HADS,SF-36 and Glasgow outcome scale-extended (GOSE).The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure and Barlett's test of sphericity as well as factor analysis were used for construct validity testing.Results The test-retest reliability of the QOLIBRI subscales was stable,with Pearson's correlation coefficients ranging from 0.906 to 0.987.Good internal consistency was demonstrated by the Cronbach's αs ranging from 0.498 to 0.921.The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of QOLIBRI was 0.813.Factor analysis yielded four factors,and their cumulative contribution was 68.4％.The QOLIBRI scores were highly negatively correlated with HADS scores,moderately correlated with GOSE scores and positively correlated to SF-36 scores.Conclusions The Chinese QOLIBRI instrument has good reliability and validity. Key words: Quality of life; Traumatic brain injury; Reliability; Validity

Externe Qualitätssicherung in Einrichtungen der stationären Vorsorge und Rehabilitation für Mütter und Väter einschließlich Mutter-/Vater-Kind-Einrichtungen: Einrichtungsvergleichende Analysen im Bereich Ergebnisqualität

To date, there are no programs for external quality assurance for inpatient prevention and rehabilitation programs for mothers, fathers and children. Instruments for outcome quality assessment were evaluated with the goal of determining their ability to document differences between prevention/rehabilitation centers in quality-relevant outcome parameters. Referring to the ICF, relevant outcome variables were specified and operationalized using established questionnaires. Data from 45 inpatient prevention and rehabilitation centers for mothers, fathers and children were analyzed using multilevel modeling with risk adjustment. Intra-class correlations were computed to determine in which parameters differences between institutions could be found. The percentage of variability accounted for by patient vs. institution characteristics was computed while statistically controlling for relevant confounders. For prevention centers, substantial variation on the institutional level was found in 9 out of 15 parameters. Almost all institutions did not deviate significantly from the grand mean of the respective parameter. For rehabilitation centers, significant variability was found in 2 out of 10 parameters. The differences between most institutions remained within a range of expectable variability. The results imply that comparative analyses across hospitals are better suited to identify institutions with low quality rather than establish quality-based rankings of institutions.

Assessing the Quality of a Decision Support E-Service

Electronic service quality, or e-service quality, is the quality experienced by the user of a service delivered over the Web. Over the past several years, researchers have developed many models of e-service quality with the goal of identifying those factors that are most important for customer loyalty. Most of these models focus primarily or exclusively on retail e-commerce Web sites which support the delivery of a physical product to the consumer. Recently, however, “pure” e-service Web sites, namely those that do not involve the sale and delivery of a physical good, have received increasing attention from researchers. This article proposes and validates a quality assessment instrument for a type of pure e-service that has not yet been studied: a Web-based decision support system. Based on a study involving over six hundred subjects, we identify those quality dimensions that affect customer loyalty for a pure e-service of this type.

The 2012 British Association of Neuroscience Nurses Annual Conference

British Journal of Neuroscience NursingVol. 8, No. 6 BANN PagesThe 2012 British Association of Neuroscience Nurses Annual ConferenceNeal Cook, Mary BraineNeal CookSearch for more papers by this author, Mary BraineSearch for more papers by this authorNeal Cook; Mary BrainePublished Online:27 Sep 2013https://doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2012.8.6.358AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References Bennett MI, Smith BH, Torrance N, Potter J (2005) The S-LANSS score for identifying pain of predominantly neuropathic origin: validation for use in clinical and postal research. J Pain 6(3): 149–58 Crossref, Google Scholar Grisso T, Appelbaum PS, Hill-Fotouhi C (1997) The MacCAT-T: a clinical tool to assess patients' capacities to make treatment decisions.Psychiatr Serv 48(11): 1415–9 Crossref, Google Scholar Lehmann N, Joshi GP, Dirkmann D et al. (2010) Development and longitudinal validation of the overall benefit of analgesia score: a simple multi-dimensional quality assessment instrument. Br J Anaesthesiol 105(4): 511–8 Crossref, Google Scholar Mioshi E, Dawson K, Mitchell J, Arnold R, Hodges JR (2006) The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R): a brief cognitive test battery for dementia screening. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 21(11): 1078–85 Crossref, Google Scholar NHS Quality Improvement Scotland (2009) Neurological Health Services. Clinical Standards ∼ October 2009. NHS Quality Improvement Scotland, Edinburgh Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1 December 2012Volume 8Issue 6ISSN (print): 1747-0307ISSN (online): 2052-2800 Metrics History Published online 27 September 2013 Published in print 1 December 2012 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download