Teaching Pattern Research Articles

Opinion of first year medical students about their morning lecture pattern

Introduction: With the advent of the new curriculum of medical students (CBME), the role of teachers has now changed from being mere teachers to being considered as facilitators. Teachers are thus required to assist the students in their study. Hence, the student’s point of view of their education pattern has become all the moreimportant. This study was conducted to know the thoughts of first-year medical students about their morning lectures of different subjects. Materials and methods: Fifteen questions pertaining to morning teaching pattern of 1st year MBBS students were formed via Google Sheets. A response link was created and sent to medical students of three batches (1st, 2nd, and 3rd year), when the first yearstudents had completed three months of their course. Results: Approximately half of the students (51.5) favored morning lectures (8am-9am) and majority (76.8%) wanted the first lecture to be Anatomy. Half (50.7%) preferred PPT method while around 40% wanted it to be in chalk and board fashion. Most of the students (90%) wanted a mixed language pattern. More than half (56.6%) agreed for 45 minutes of each lecture duration. Most of the students (86.9%) wanted some gap between two consecutive lectures. Majority of the students (81.6%) did not think the backbenchers to be mischievous and 70% did not advocate for separate rows for girls and boys. Conclusions: Students had a view that Anatomy should be taught as first lecture in the morning and pattern should be mixed with modern audio-visual technologies. Keywords: Opinion, Medical students, Morning teaching, Lectures

Teaching of the Quran and Hadiths Using Sign Language to Islamic Boarding School Students with Hearing Impairment

Islamic boarding school students with hearing impairment experience speech, language, and communication barriers due to their hearing impairment. The teaching of the Quran with standardized fluent pronunciation and of hadiths with complex sentences needs to be adjusted according to the disabilities of these students. The purpose of this research is to describe the teaching pattern of the Quran and hadiths which has been adjusted for Islamic boarding school students with hearing impairment at Darul Ashom Islamic Boarding School for the Hearing Impaired, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study design with observations, interviews, and documentation as the data collection techniques with five teachers and five students selected using the purposive sampling method. Validation of the research instrument was done by expert judgment, while data reliability was determined through data triangulation. Data analysis was carried out by condensing the data, presenting the data, and then drawing conclusions. The results show that the students at Darul Ashom learn to read and memorize the Quran using the hijaiyah (Arabic letters) sign language through four learning stages. This included introducing the hijaiyah sign letters, parsing and stringing the letters to those in the Quran, reading the mushaf and memorizing using the hijaiyah sign letters, and then writing down the memorized letters (kitabah). In addition, the hadiths were taught using four stages, namely specifically simplifying the sentences, interpreting using sign language, explaining the meaning, and repeating (takrar) the important words or phrases in sign language. This study also shows the importance of teacher awareness in each stage of the students’ learning process based on differences in cognitive abilities by adjusting the learning objectives and the length of each student’s learning stages. The findings of this research indicate that the use of sign language when learning the Quran and hadiths, which is carried out in various stages, can help children with hearing impairment at Islamic boarding schools. It is hoped that using the description in this study will be a solution to the learning problems encountered by children with hearing impairment in other institutions. Furthermore, it is hoped that further research can examine the group dynamics that occur when learning the Quran and hadiths with sign language for children with hearing impairment so that appropriate group-dynamic content can be developed in the learning model.

ADVANCING FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING WITH AI-ASSISTED MODELS; INSIGHTS FROM LECTURERS AND UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATORS

Artificial intelligence has provided universities with arrays of tools to advance the teaching of foreign languages and improve the performance of their students. Attempts have been made to expounds on the benefits of integration of artificial intelligence tools in 21st century foreign language classrooms, at university levels; however, it is crucial to gain insights from university administrators and lecturers on the nature of their current curriculum, the factors impeding integration of AI models in their foreign language lecture halls, and perception of the varying significance of AI in improving students’ performance and teachers’ efficiency. This paper pursues an analysis of the challenges and prospects of full integration of artificial intelligence at the university levels, in teaching foreign languages. The study community includes 180 university administrators at various administrative positions, and 120 university lecturers from Jordanian and Saudi institutions. The respondents were selected randomly, and data was collected through administration of digitally designed questionnaires. Data was analysed using relevant statistical measuring tools, which are contained in different descriptive statistical tables. Findings indicate that over 80% of the sample accepted that AI models are not fully integrated or not integrated at all in their respective universities/ Over 38% of the participants rejected the claim that full integration of AI models in foreign language education may distract students. Whereas majority rejected this claim, the acceptance of the claim by over 20% is indicative of the apprehension of the system. Again, 32% of the surveyed population acknowledged the insufficiency of proficiently trained personnel within the university system to effectively incorporate artificial intelligence into the pedagogy of foreign languages. It is therefore imperative for universities to include the knowledge of AI models in their recruitment criteria and to fully embrace the use of AI patterns in foreign language teaching, considering the huge impacts on students’ performance.

Problem Based Learning Oriented Thematic Worksheets: Increased Discipline of Elementary School Students

Learning activities in elementary schools are carried out by paying attention to all aspects that need to be nurtured and developed properly. Learning activities must cover three domains, namely affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. The teacher's patterns and strategies in implementing the concept understanding process are important points in delivering learning. Worksheets is certainly a process for students to seek further understanding of the concepts presented by the teacher. This study aims to analyze the effect of problem-based learning-oriented thematic worksheets on discipline character of elementary school students. This research method is quasi-experimental on the fourth grade students. The data analysis applied, namely the t-test, is one of the parametric statistical tests with two measurements. In implementing the problem-based learning-oriented thematic worksheets, there are several stages, namely introduction to the teacher, pre-test implementation, introduction to students, post-test implementation, and processing data with validity and reliability tests. By getting the results the average pre test shows 3.125 and the average post test shows 3.575. From these results, there is an increase in discipline in working on worksheets.

Research on Practical Teaching Method and Effect Based on the Integration of Online and Offline Patterns: Take the Course, Reliability and Risk Analysis on Electronic Products, as the Case

The traditional teaching pattern in the classroom has no longer adapted to the needs of education and teaching under the current new situation, the utilization of online and offline integration mode is the trend of the future. To improve the teaching quality and learning effect, the teaching method combining theory and practice is adopted and the theoretical method explanation and virtual simulation analysis are combined organically by introducing the online and offline mixed teaching mode. In this paper, the teaching method called “offline theory explanation, online practice simulation, flipped class discussion” and the teaching evaluation method of “whole process and diversification” are constructed. The teaching was carried out from four aspects: preliminary preparation, online theoretical explanation, offline practical operation and online discussion, which effectively alleviated the contradiction of theoretical teaching content, tense practice site, single assessment method and so on, and achieved a good teaching effect.

Exploring the Current Situation and Problems of Changing Teaching Patterns in Rural Compulsory Education Through Double Reduction Policy Practices

The Double Reduction policy is a hot topic of interest in China and in the year or so since it was put into practice. This essay, therefore, reviews and analyzes the collected literature and data to analyze the current situation of students, teachers, and parents in rural areas after the implementation of the "Double Reduction" policy and to identify changes or problems that exist. The study discovered that teachers were equally committed to their own professional growth and strategy changes, which made teaching in rural areas more suitable to the local conditions and features. The emphasis of education in the classroom was also more on the kids themselves, which significantly quickened the process of catching up to students in metropolitan areas in terms of development. However, the Double Reduction policy also puts instructors under pressure to work more hours, makes it difficult for them to develop their own skills, and gives children inequitable attention in the classroom. In addition, there is a dearth of rich content forms in the after-school services. Rural areas also experience challenges as a result of the Double Reduction policy in terms of inadequate infrastructure, human resources, and barriers to home-school communication, which merits consideration. In order to promote the full implementation of the Double Reduction policy, the transformation of the focus on teachers, individuals of students and their parent's education thinking should be carried out simultaneously, so as to realize the ultimate goal of education reform as soon as possible and return education to education itself.

X-ray powder diffraction in education. Part II. Intensity of a powder pattern.

This article is the second part of a series dealing with the description and visualization of mathematical functions used to describe a powder diffraction pattern for teaching and education purposes. The first part dealt with the instrumental and sample contributions to the profile of a Bragg peak [Dinnebier & Scardi (2021 ▸). J. Appl. Cryst. 54, 1811-1831]. The second part, here, deals with the mathematics and physics of the intensity in X-ray powder diffraction. Scholarly scripts are again provided using the Wolfram language in Mathematica.

STRATEGI PEMURIDAN DI FAMILY CARE YANG EFEKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUANTITAS JEMAAT DAN IMPLEMETASINYA DI GEREJA BETHEL INDONESIA TABGHA SEKUPANG

Discipleship is a task that must be carried out by the church. Discipleship has an understanding as a pattern of discipling or teaching and being discipled again to become similar to Christ, this pattern forms a chain that cannot be broken. Family Care is an appropriate and lively place where the discipleship process takes place and produces productive and effective students in shepherding God's people entrusted to a local church. Discipleship in Family Care is discipleship based on the word of God and aims to mature spiritually and make people worthy of God. And in carrying out discipleship it is very important to use a strategy. Strategies in discipleship in Family Care will make discipleship more effective and make it easier to achieve the goals or objectives to be achieved. The presence of Family Care members at the Sunday service has greatly impacted the growth in the quantity of congregations at the main service and also at the services of the Bethel Indonesia Tabgha Sekupang Church. Family Care as the spearhead of soul harvesting plays a very important role in increasing the quantity of congregations at Bethel Indonesia Tabgha Sekupang Church.

Detecting Intruders in Network using Machine Learning

Malware detection plays a crucial role in cyber-security with the increase in malware growth and advancements in cyber-attacks. Malicious software applications, or malware, are the primary source of many security problems. These intentionally manipulative malicious applications intend to perform unauthorized activities on behalf of their originators on the host machines for various reasons such as stealing advanced technologies and intellectual properties, governmental acts of revenge, and tampering sensitive information, to name a few. Malware detection methods rely on signature databases, including malicious instruction patterns in today's practice. The signature databases are used for matching against a signature generated from a newly encountered executable. Nevertheless, more efficient mitigation methods are needed due to the fast expansion of malicious software on the Internet and their self- modifying abilities, as in polymorphic and metamorphic malware. In this work, it detects Network Intrusion anomalies by using NSL-KDD dataset. The user enters the hacking parameters in the front end. The model predicts the type of attack and gives information about the type of attack to the user. The project is fully responsive and completely based on session and cookies (Client-server protocol). Then we activated our malware security device which forms production for the set of attack. This will help many cyber threads

Preschool teachers display a flexible pattern of pedagogical actions in promoting healthy habits in children.

The school represents the optimal setting for promoting the physical, emotional, and social health of children, especially during the first years of life. Understanding the pedagogical actions of teachers to address health education is an important first step in promoting healthy behaviors in children. We inhere analyzed the pedagogical action patterns in the preschool teaching of healthy habits from a holistic health perspective. We used photography as a strategy for data collection and applied a Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) classification tree, a data mining procedure, to generate a pattern model. We found that the school space and the learning playfulness strategies for the development of executive functions, classified according to the exercise, symbolic, assembly, rules (ESAR) model, were the main factors that influence the pedagogical actions fostering healthy habits. By contrast, the school and the pedagogical resources of the classroom are factors with a much smaller impact on working with healthy habits. This pedagogical action pattern is flexible, since teachers conduct a multiplicity of pedagogical actions through different strategies, in different school spaces, at any time. In conclusion, our results unmask the interdependent relationships between the different factors that determine the teacher's actions at the preschool. It also contributes to the understanding of the teacher's practices in fostering healthy habits in a healthy learning environment.

Айтрекинг-исследование визуального внимания детей с нарушением слуха в ситуации обучения

<p>Potential mechanisms underlying atypical joint attention that impede effective learning are analyzed using the example of the consequences of hearing impairment. A sample of preschool children with hearing impairment after cochlear implantation (sensorineural hearing loss, ICD-10 class H90) was studied. For the study, an experimental situation was created that would allow tracing the learning difficulties in children with hearing impairments associated with the skills of joint attention. In the course of completing a training task jointly with an adult in children with hearing impairment, eye movements were recorded with a portable tracker in the form of Pupil Headset glasses. In the course of the study, it was possible to identify and visualize markers of oculomotor activity that impede their effective learning: distribution of visual attention over a wide area of the visual field, not in a focused mode; in the trajectory of eye movements and the position of fixations, there is a preference for non-social signals, non-target objects, difficulties in switching attention from one object to another. The main manifestation of joint attention deficit in preschoolers with hearing impairment is a decrease in the volume and time of stable maintenance of synchronicity of perception in the learning process. The parameters of oculomotor activity can serve as an indicator of the ability of a child with a hearing impairment to maintain attention to the sample form and a diagnostic indicator of the possible number of errors in the learning process. Such indicators are the duration and number of fixations. The role of multimodal means of maintaining visual attention to the sample in the process of teaching children with hearing impairment is shown. It was revealed that the attention of a child with hearing impairment to the face of an adult is part of the joint attention to the object, which improves the effectiveness of learning and is associated with a longer visual attention to the object (teaching pattern).</p>

ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH PROVINSI PAPUA TAHUN 2016-2020

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of the Papua provincial government in 2016-2020. The analysis method used is the descriptive analysis method. This study provides results that based on the independence ratio, the Regional Government of Papua Province is still in an instructive pattern, where the role of the Central Government is still dominant. Then from the calculation of the effectiveness and efficiency of PAD shows that the Regional Government has a good performance in realizing the planned PAD, as well as in terms of efficiency it is good enough to reduce regional spending. Then from the calculation of the income growth ratio, there is a trend of increasing the amount of regional income although it is not too high, as well as from the ratio of expenditure growth every year there is an increase in regional spending.

Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of some medicinal plantsagainst methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureues

The objective of this study is, first to report the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureues (MRSA) infections and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Teaching and Emergency Hospital in Erbil city, and second to screen four medicinal plants: Eucalyptus globulus, Anethum graveolens, Prosopis farcta and Ficus carica (both aqueous extract and ethanolic extract) for potential antibacterial activity against MRSA isolates , then screening the phytochemical properties of these plants. Out of total 110 strains of Staphylococcus aureues isolated from different clinical specimens, 15 (13 .6%) were found to be methicillin resistant. All MRSA strains were found to be resistant to penicillin and gentamycin while 86.66% were resistant to cephalothin ,doxycyclin and tobramycin. However, no strains were resistant to vancomycin. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were performed using micro broth dilution method. The MIC/MBC of aqueo.us and ethanolic extracts of E. globulus against MRSA isolates were 25/12.5 mg/ml and 6.25/3.125 mg/ml respectively, while of P. farcta were 100/25 mg/ml and 25/12.5 mg/ml respectively. The results also revealed that extracts of F. carcia were inactive against MRSA. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins and phenols in almost all the crude extracts followed by alkaloids and resins, while the glycosides was not detected in any extracts of the four plants tested.

Real Schools in Poland.Pedagogical ideal and its practical implementation in the historical view

For several past years a new type of school has been noticeable in the Polish educational landscape real schools. The creators of this type of institutions refer to the idea of 18th-century real schools focused on training in practical areas that are useful to students in a life at the same time education should be engaging and interesting for students. However, the idea of creating of real schools should be sought two hundred years earlier, in Reformation era, when new concepts of education emerged, including the idea of school the real school. In this article I will present the educational ideal of real schools. I will scrutinize the concept of real schools created in 16th century as a result of a new way of thinking about the upbringing young people. I will reconstruct the educational ideal and sketch the pedagogical pattern created by the founders of real schools in 19th-century Poland.

Research on Smart Classroom Teaching Based on Learning Science

The promulgation of the Chinese Compulsory Education Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition) has defined the new teaching pattern of core literacy orientation. The core of the smart classroom is to enable learning to take place in the classroom and nourish literacy. In the context of learning science, the design of intelligent classroom teaching problems is of great significance. Question-oriented teaching is the concrete manifestation of the smart classroom, and its significance lies in the following aspects. Firstly, it provides contextuality. Context problems, known as driving problems, will drive students’ desire to explore. Secondly, it provides a sense of meaning. Problems will make students connect with the real world, thus starting their own learning system. Thirdly, it provides integrity. Lecture-based teaching based on knowledge points often leads to the phenomenon of “seeing only the part but not the whole”. The concept-based problem will form a systematic integration of scattered knowledge. The design of smart classroom teaching problems needs to be based on learning science, in-depth analysis of learners’ characteristics and habits, comprehensive use of learning science research results, technical means and new technologies, and design reasonable teaching programs to meet learners’ needs to the maximum extent, so as to make smart classroom teaching more scientific and effective.

Lessons Learned from an International and Interdisciplinary Virtual Mobility Module between Albania, Slovenia, and Germany


 Purpose: After piloting an international and interdisciplinary Virtual Mobility module with eight participating institutions, the experiences will be processed as pedagogical patterns in OER format to facilitate future implementation.
 
 
 Study design/methodology/approach: The lessons learned from the executing institution's perspective will be presented from the perspective of the module supervisor as well as two experienced e-tutors who were involved in the design, implementation and evaluation and were generated through their reflections of them. 
 
 
 Findings: The lessons learned focus on improving the organization of international e-tutor teams, the dropout management in group work with several institutions, and adapting the e-tutor qualification to enable adequate and qualitative equal support of all participants.
 
 
 Originality/value: Based on the findings of the Albanian needs report, Virtual Mobility modules have been implemented marginally in the Albanian HEI landscape so far. Thus, the experiences from the pilot are of particular importance for the further multiplication and improvement of the internationalization of Albanian HEIs.

Development of Traditional Hopscotch Game Learning Media Based on Ethnomathematics in Class IV 9 Sila State Elementary School

Mathematics is a basic subject that is taught from an early age, including two-dimensional material. The process of that material in mathematics tends to be developed through conventional teaching patterns. This makes the two-dimensional material can’t to be understood well by students and has an impact on students' low math scores. It is necessary to develop learning media in this study in the form of learning media for traditional hopscotch games based on ethnomathematics on two-dimensional geometric materials. This research is an R&D research with 4D type consisting of Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The instruments in this study were interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Interviews were used to analyze teacher needs, questionnaires were used in product validation by validators, asking for student responses on small and large scale tests, and assessing teacher and student activity in learning and documentation to perpetuate research. It was found that the assessment criteria for all validators obtained very good scores with details of the learning media validator having an average score of 90.97% (very valid), the learning material validator having an average score of 99.10% (very valid), the learning problem validator has an average score of 99.16% (very valid). The small-scale test with 10 students has a classical percentage of 90.1% (very good). Meanwhile, a large-scale test with a total of 20 students obtained teacher activity having a score range of 98.68% (very valid), student activity having a score range of 90.90% (very good), student responses having an average score of 94.1% (Very good). While the results of the final evaluation of students using the two-dimensional hopscotch media obtained an average value of 83.85, the classical completeness score was 90% of the 18 students who scored ≥ 70. Thus the two-dimensional hopscotch media is feasible and very effective to use.

Analysis of Physical Education Classroom Teaching after Implementation of the Chinese Health Physical Education Curriculum Model: A Video-Based Assessment.

This study assessed the Chinese health physical education curriculum model recently suggested to meet the recommended physical education curriculum reforms addressing the declining physical and mental health of students in China. We used video analyses of 41 physical education classroom teaching cases with a physical education classroom teaching behavior analysis system to provide quantitative and qualitative behavioral data. We established reference ranges for classroom teaching behavior indicators, summarized classroom teaching patterns, and assessed classroom discourse and the emotional climate. Notable findings included teachers in elementary schools using closed-ended questions, predictable responses, and general feedback significantly more often than teachers in senior high school, and ball sports instructors using demonstration and competition significantly more frequently than instructors in athletics. Overall, three teaching patterns were most commonly used-lecture, practice, and dialogue-with practice being dominant. Analysis of the top 50 most commonly spoken words by teachers identified five types of discourse-motivational, directive, specialized, transitional, and regulatory-with motivational words being most frequent. The classroom atmosphere was mainly positive. These findings provide evidence that the use of this curriculum model may bring positive changes to physical education classroom teaching methods in China and will inform subsequent innovative physical education classroom teaching practices.

Rethinking the innovation, effectiveness and perceptions of flipped classroom (Repensar la innovación, la eficacia y las percepciones del aula invertida)

ABSTRACT Flipped classroom (FC) is a popular teaching pattern at the present stage. Based on a review of related literature, this paper rethinks the innovation, effectiveness and perceptions of FC from nine aspects, including the theoretical basis, teaching principles, teaching practice, genesis of effectiveness, effectiveness per se, objectivity and rigorousness of effect evaluation, roles played by technology, influence of different disciplines and cost performance. It is argued that (i) the innovation of FC needs to be further clarified, (ii) the effectiveness of it needs to be further validated and (iii) the perceptions of it remain to be deepened. FC therefore deserves a rational reconsideration.

A model pattern of Clinical Teaching and Learning, Team Objective Structured Bedside Assessment (TOSBA); Perception of Medical Undergraduates in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of TOSBA for the teaching/learning of cognitive and non-cognitive clinical skills of medical undergraduates, compare it with other teaching/learning methodologies and evaluate the effects of TOSBA on ward test in Obstetrics & gynecology department. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Creek General Hospital, United Medical & Dental College, Karachi. Period: March 2018 to March 2020. Material & Methods: In this study the total sample size in: 3rd year= 90 students (n=90), 4th year=85 students (n=85) and 5th year=72 students (n=72). TOSBA was conducted for all students each year and were evaluated for their performance by two facilitators from the Obstetrics & gynecology department. The session was timed for 15 minutes. Results: The participants agreed that TOSBA was beneficial for teaching/learning of clinical skills. For clinical skills TOSBA was helpful with mean score 3.82 ± 0.97 in year 3, in year 4 =4.06 ± 0.82 and 4.19 ± 0.99 in year 5. For acquisition of communication and team-work skills through TOSBA the responses were quite positive. Conclusion: TOSBA has a positive impact and the key elements of TOSBA, its formative nature. Feedback and interaction with real patients are beneficial in acquisition of cognitive and non-cognitive skills for the medical undergraduates.