Design Of Instructional Materials Research Articles

Application of ChatGPT in Information Literacy Instructional Design

Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence tools have prompted immediate reactions in the academic library community. While most studies focus on the potential impact on academic integrity, this work explored constructive applications of ChatGPT in the design of instructional materials for courses in academic information literacy. The starting point was the use of openly licenced information resources or content infrastructure as facilitators in the creation of educational materials. In the first phase, course teaching material was developed using a prompt engineering strategy, predefined standards, and a prompt script. As a second step, we experimented with designing a custom chatbot model connected to a pre-defined corpus of source documents. The results demonstrated that the final teaching material required careful revision and optimisation before use in an actual instructional programme. The experimental design of the custom chatbot was able to query specific user-defined documents. Taken together, these findings suggest that the strategic and well-planned use of ChatGPT technology in content creation can have substantial benefits in terms of time and cost efficiency. In the context of information literacy, the results provide a practical and innovative solution to integrate the new technology tool into instructional practices.

Designing TPACK-English Textbook for Economic Faculty Students

This study thoroughly investigates the educational needs of Economics students in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), based on a survey of 292 students and 12 alumni from the Economics faculty. The study reveals nuanced linguistic preferences across six fundamental components: task, activity, language use, technology, pedagogy, and topic or content relevancy. The findings show that listening skills, particularly for information acquisition, were highly valued (mean score: 3.01), whereas speaking abilities such as explaining and knowledge elicitation were universally deemed critical (mean scores > 3.00), whereas activities such as making suggestions were deemed less important (mean score: 1.99). The study also identified important areas in economics education, highlighting significant topics such as Economics, Microeconomics, and Islamic Economics (mean scores > 3.00) and the impact of English proficiency levels in maximizing learning experiences. The findings demonstrate a variety of activity priorities, with a focus on collaborative instructional tactics and specific linguistic demands in economic communication. Furthermore, this study explored students’ educational needs and the design of English instructional material for economics faculty students. This design integrates technology, language skills, and economic theory to improve student learning and skill acquisition.

Unlocking the Needs to Design Audiovisual Media to Incorporate Climate Change Education in ELT

Climate change is a crucial topic to be included in the Grade 7 Junior High English book, highlighting its significance in educating students about the causes, impacts, and potential solutions to this global issue. This study focuses on conducting a need analysis related to the use of audiovisuals in learning climate change within the context of EFL classrooms as needs analysis will inform us what is suitable for 7th grade students who have just started learning English formally. Specifically, the research investigates the requirements of 7th-grade students at MTs Negeri 2 Palembang for audiovisual resources to enhance climate literacy. Employing a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods such as questionnaires and interviews, the study uncovers students' strong desire to learn about climate change through audiovisuals. Moreover, it identifies a preference for audiovisual media over traditional text-based materials and highlights the support from teachers and stakeholders at MTs Negeri 2 Palembang for integrating climate change education into EFL teaching practices. In light of these findings, the researchers recommend the development of audiovisual resources tailored to facilitate the seamless integration of climate change education within EFL classrooms. Additionally, they advocate for teacher training to effectively utilize audiovisual media as an instructional tool. This study contributes significantly to climate change education by addressing the identified needs of both students and teachers, thereby guiding the design of effective instructional materials and teaching practices.

Efektivitas Ensiklopedia sebagai Suplemen Bahan Ajar Digital pada Muatan PPKn Materi Keberagaman Budaya Bangsa Indonesia Kelas V SD Negeri 18 Pontianak Utara

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of an encyclopedia to make students more interested, enthusiastic, less prone to boredom, and facilitate their understanding of the material presented through this instructional material. The study employs a descriptive research design with a qualitative approach. The participants in this study are all fifth-grade students of class V B, totaling 33 individuals. Qualitative data are obtained from interviews conducted by the researcher with selected students based on predefined categories. The validity of the instructional material design has been validated by media and subject matter experts, receiving an excellent category for use but still requiring revision before being tested. The data collection techniques in this study include interviews and questionnaires. The data collection instrument used in this research is a test to measure students' abilities in the effectiveness of the encyclopedia as a supplementary digital instructional material. The results obtained in this study show that students' responses fall into the very positive category, indicating that it is highly suitable for use with audiovisual displays in the PPKn (Civics Education) learning content on the cultural diversity of the Indonesian nation. It received very positive responses from students, and the learning outcomes obtained by the students were good, as seen in the evaluation test results. The encyclopedia significantly helps students understand this material, and its flexible use further facilitates students' learning at home. Considering the responses and learning outcomes of the students, the effectiveness of the encyclopedia as a supplementary digital instructional material makes it easier for teachers and students to revisit the content of the cultural diversity of the Indonesian nation.

Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğretim Teknolojileri Dersine Yönelik Görüşleri

Instructional technologies and materials are the primary tools that support teachers in educational environments. In-service and preservice teachers must be able to use instructional technologies, develop and evaluate new materials, and have information about them. Therefore, there should be a course in which preservice teachers studying at the faculty of education can learn and apply instructional technologies in teacher training undergraduate programs. The Council of Higher Education (CoHE) has carried out studies within this framework. The council has included courses related to instructional technologies in the education faculty teacher training undergraduate programs that were developed. The "Instructional Technologies and Material Development" course, which was included in the teacher training undergraduate program of the faculty of education in 1998 for the first time, was named "Instructional Technologies and Material Design" in the new teacher training programs developed in 2007. In the revised teacher training programs dated 2018, it was named "Instructional Technologies". Today (2023), it continues under the name of "Instructional Technologies" in teacher training undergraduate programs. This study aims to examine the opinions of preservice teachers who are studying in the social studies education undergraduate program at a state university in Turkey in the 2021-2022 academic year about the "instructional technologies" course. The case study method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. To determine the opinions of the preservice social studies teachers selected by the convenience sampling method, a 7-question open-ended questionnaire developed by the researchers and prepared by taking the opinions of the experts in the field was used as a data collection tool. The data obtained in the research were interpreted using tables and direct quotations.

EFL Teacher Professional Development Needs: Voices from the Periphery

EFL teachers’ professional development in Colombia has been characterized by top-down policies that neglect the regions in terms of contextualized professional development programs and resources. This article is an effort to make EFL teachers’ needs in the Eastern region of Antioquia, Colombia, visible for academic institutions and local authorities to propose coherent professional development programs. This report is based on a section of the findings of a larger study called “Diagnosis of the needs about plurilingualism in the regions of Antioquia”. Findings show that EFL teachers in the Eastern region claim for ongoing and contextualized professional development programs, differentiated for primary and secondary-school teachers, and focused on instructional material design and adaptation according to the resources available in the local communities. Conclusions from this study outline implications for educational institutions to support teachers in pursuing their professional development within their contexts, methodological limitations for researchers, and possibilities for further research for stakeholders in the territory.

EFL Teacher Professional Development Needs: Voices from the Periphery

EFL teachers’ professional development in Colombia has been characterized by top-down policies that neglect the regions in terms of contextualized professional development programs and resources. This article is an effort to make EFL teachers’ needs in the Eastern region of Antioquia, Colombia, visible for academic institutions and local authorities to propose coherent professional development programs. This report is based on a section of the findings of a larger study called “Diagnosis of the needs about plurilingualism in the regions of Antioquia”. Findings show that EFL teachers in the Eastern region claim for ongoing and contextualized professional development programs, differentiated for primary and secondary-school teachers, and focused on instructional material design and adaptation according to the resources available in the local communities. Conclusions from this study outline implications for educational institutions to support teachers in pursuing their professional development within their contexts, methodological limitations for researchers, and possibilities for further research for stakeholders in the territory.

Investigating Learning Modalities among Diploma Students

The understanding and recognition of the three different learning styles, visual, kinesthetics, and auditory, is even more important in the context of online learning, which presents unique challenges and difficult for educators to cater to the diverse learning needs of their students. Understanding these different learning styles can be helpful for educators and learners alike, making online learning more engaging with visually appealing for visual learners, interactive and hands-on for kinesthetic learners, and auditory based for auditory learners’ materials and accessible for all. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the various learning styles demonstrated by students during online learning and how educators might accommodate them. In this study, a quantitative research approach was employed, and an electronic survey with descriptive statistical analysis was administered to 300 students from various programs and campuses. The results indicate that visual is the preferred learning style, followed by kinesthetic and auditory. Instructors must comprehend different learning types and alter their methods of instruction accordingly to guarantee that students have a successful online learning experience. The study's findings serve as a roadmap for educators and instructors to improve the design of instructional materials and learning environments. Future research should therefore analyze learning styles by age, gender, course of study, campus, or even semester, and investigate the efficacy of online learning systems that accommodate varied learning styles. The association between learning style and other variables can also be investigated.

Innovative Teacher: From the Perspectives of Pre-Service Foreign Language Teachers

The aim of this study is to determine and describe the features of innovative teachers from the perspective of pre-service teachers. For this purpose, this study took a qualitative approach and included 139 pre-service teachers studying at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades in the English Language and German Language Teaching Departments in the Education Faculty of a Public University. The data obtained via an open-ended survey form developed by researchers in the context of this study. The data obtained was analyzed with the content analysis method and then interpreted. The results of the analysis showed that pre-service teachers created 90 metaphors classified under seven different themes: "current," "open to change", "guide", "creative", "open to learning", "student-centered instruction," and "building positive relationships" to describe innovative teachers. Then, the pre-service teachers described the qualities of innovative teachers with their views classified under seven categories, which were in line with the themes obtained from metaphor analysis. For the last dimension of the study, they expressed their views regarding their needs to be able to be innovative teachers. According to their views, they need to have the knowledge and improve themselves in the following six categories: pedagogical content knowledge, digital competencies, professional content knowledge, communication skills, interdisciplinary knowledge, and knowledge of instructional technologies and material design. The themes were presented and discussed in a way of unity, so suggestions were made within the scope of the study. The aim of this study is to determine and describe the features of innovative teachers from the perspective of pre-service teachers. For this purpose, this study took a qualitative approach and included 139 pre-service teachers studying at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades in the English Language and German Language Teaching Departments in the Education Faculty of a Public University. The data obtained via an open-ended survey form developed by researchers in the context of this study. The data obtained was analyzed with the content analysis method and then interpreted. The results of the analysis showed that pre-service teachers created 90 metaphors classified under seven different themes: "current," "open to change", "guide", "creative", "open to learning", "student-centered instruction," and "building positive relationships" to describe innovative teachers. Then, the pre-service teachers described the qualities of innovative teachers with their views classified under seven categories, which were in line with the themes obtained from metaphor analysis. For the last dimension of the study, they expressed their views regarding their needs to be able to be innovative teachers. According to their views, they need to have the knowledge and improve themselves in the following six categories: pedagogical content knowledge, digital competencies, professional content knowledge, communication skills, interdisciplinary knowledge, and knowledge of instructional technologies and material design. The themes were presented and discussed in a way of unity, so suggestions were made within the scope of the study.

The role of novelty stimuli in second language acquisition: evidence from the optimized training by the Pinyin Tutor at TalkBank

As hypothesized by the unified competition model (MacWhinney, 2007, 2017, 2021), optimizing training schemes can enhance second language (L2) learning by fostering various protective factors. Under such a framework, the current study focuses on how the familiarity of stimuli will affect learning Chinese phonetic skills in a computer-assisted language learning (CALL) environment. Two training conditions, i.e., training with familiar stimuli from the textbook and unfamiliar stimuli from novelty design, were administered for two groups of learners at American universities, where the classroom instructions were integrated with the Pinyin Tutor—an online spoken Chinese learning platform hosted under TalkBank. The results show that training with novelty stimuli leads to a greater pretest–posttest improvement for intermediate learners, whereas more significant improvement has been observed in training with familiar stimuli among beginning learners. The learning-enhancing power of the Pinyin Tutor is evidenced by the overall significance of the pretest–posttest improvement when consolidating the results of the two conditions. Furthermore, high retention has been demonstrated in all six aspects of the Pinyin knowledge as tested by a three-month-after delayed posttest. These findings tend to endorse a differentiated design of instructional materials with increasing novelty components as the level of L2 learning advances. The overall significant learning-boosting results accredit the design of the Pinyin Tutor, where the technological architecture and algorithms were integrated with psycholinguistic and pedagogical theories. Suggestions and implications for smart learning in general are presented.

Untrained Bystanders Administering Drone-Delivered Naloxone: An Exploratory Study.

Opioid overdose deaths continue to climb in the United States. Administering naloxone to an overdose victim can save their life, but rapid access to naloxone remains a barrier. Delivering naloxone to a bystander using a drone has potential to increase naloxone availability but there are still many uncertainties about this mode of delivery. Can an untrained bystander to an opioid overdose successfully administer drone delivered naloxone after viewing video instructions on the drone and how long does it take? This mixed-methods observational study, conducted in a controlled outdoor environment, simulated an opioid overdose using a mannequin (overdose victim) and panicked bystander. Untrained and medically naïve participants were instructed to call for help, move the drone from the landing spot to the mannequin, and follow the instructions provided by the drone to administer naloxone. Data was collected using video recordings, interviews, and an online survey. Time stamp data was extracted from the video for 2 time points: time for removing the naloxone from the drone and time to administer the naloxone. Interviews were audio recorded and analyzed using an inductive concept analysis approach. One interview question was coded as a binary response of anxiety/no anxiety and added to the demographic data. The average time to remove and administer naloxone was 62 seconds. Anxiety during the activity was reported by 59% of the participants but there was no correlation between anxiety and time. The design of our drone and instructional video can be improved. We have established baseline times for completing steps in administering naloxone delivered by drone. We were able to successfully induce anxiety and have a baseline measure for what percentage of untrained bystanders may experience anxiety when involved with an emergency situation. Design of instructional materials and drone construction can contribute to anxiety and successful administration of naloxone.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Learning and Training of Law Enforcers: A Case for Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia

In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, online distance learning is an essential part of ongoing education for law enforcement officers all over the country. However, limited research has been done on using learning management systems by law enforcement agencies for professional development. This study aims to determine how law enforcement officers perceive and respond to distance learning as a tool for professional development. They may have adopted distance learning technology without determining its effectiveness in training or education. This study examines the characteristics, benefits and drawbacks of open distance learning (ODL), as well as the difficulties in its application to the legal training of fire services officers (FS officers) in the Fire and Rescue Department of Malaysia. The study utilized a focus group consisting of 15 FS officers. Quantitative and qualitative data are combined using the mixed-methods research design. The findings indicate that FS officers encountered various obstacles when applying to and completing training programmes via online ODL, which included practical legal training. The primary hurdles identified are adaptability, technical knowledge, computer literacy, communication, distraction issues and time management. However, the study found that law enforcement officers perceive and respond well to distance learning as a tool for professional development. The instructional material design stimulates active learning by the trainees so they can track their progress during the training, contributing to this result.

Instructional Design for Socially Distanced Compliance Audit.

The COVID-19 pandemic made being socially distant an essential practice to upskill employees. As employers incorporate measures to keep employees socially distant from one another, they also need to consider technology to make this practice possible. Our project with a large state-wide, multi-campus food bank (FB) in the pacific northwest occurred during the late summer and early fall of 2020. The FB partnered with our group of three graduate students and one faculty member to improve self-audits of their coolers. This project used technology and rapid prototyping to design an instructional intervention that allowed social distancing in a workplace where employees were required to be present. We conducted a front-end analysis including training requirements, learner and environmental analysis and task analysis. This article describes the process of the analyses and design of instructional materials that allowed the FB to scale their audit process to their other warehouses.

Covid- 19 Pandemi Sürecinde Online Din Eğitimi Faaliyetlerinde Oyunlaştırma: Kahoot! Uygulaması Örneği

Araştırmanın amacı, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi öğrencilerinin 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında online olarak yapılan öğretim teknolojileri ve materyal tasarım dersinde deneyimledikleri bir oyunlaştırma aracı olan Kahoot! uygulaması hakkında ortaya koydukları görüşlerini tespit etmektir. Araştırmaya dahil edilen 110 öğrenciden 83`ü ankete katılarak sorulara cevap vermiştir. Araştırmada karma araştırma yöntemlerinden “iç içe karma desen” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan 4 soruluk memnuniyet anketi ile katılımcıların deneyimlerini serbestçe ortaya koymalarına fırsat vermek amacıyla tek soruluk standartlaştırılmış açık uçlu görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Kahoot! uygulaması öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmı tarafından eğlenceli, öğretici, güzel, faydalı, kullanımı kolay, kavram öğ-retiminde etkili bir uygulama olarak tarif edilmiş, bazılarına göre ise uygulaması zor, karmaşık ve zaman alıcı bir uygulama olarak betimlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak ister online ister yüz yüze eğitim açısından Kahoot! uygulamasının özellikle pekiştirme, tekrar veya değerlendirme aşamalarında kullanılmasının oldukça faydalı olduğu söylenebilir.

Institutional Organisation of Distance Secondary School Teacher Training in Malawi:

There is a paucity of research on the institutional organisation of distance education. This article stems from a larger project that explored the learning implications of distance secondary school teacher training in Malawi. Drawing on the industrial education theory, it focuses on the nature of institutional organisation of distance teacher training at Domasi College of Education and Mzuzu University. Data were collected by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews with two administrators and two instructors, as well as document analysis. This study revealed challenges relating to the one-size-fits-all approach to the institutional organisation of distance teacher training in terms of distance education systems; their functions and coordination; documentation of plans; and instructional material design. This points to a lack of lucid planning for open and distance education in Malawi. Based on the findings, recommendations are offered to improve the country’s distance education system.
 Key words: Institutional organisation, distance secondary school teacher training, Malawi

Evaluation of Augmented Reality Applications in Instructional Technologies and Material Design Course according to Student Views

Bu araştırmada pedagojik formasyon derslerinden biri olan “Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı” dersi içerisinde yer alan bazı konuların artırılmış gerçeklik teknolojisi ile öğretilmesinin, ilahiyat fakültesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin bu derse yönelik tutumlarına etkisinin ne olduğunun ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin birlikte ele alındığı karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel kısmında öğrenciler ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılarak nitel veriler toplanmış, nicel kısmında ise “Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı Dersine Yönelik Tutumun” değişimini ortaya koymak maksadıyla zayıf deneysel desenlerden “tek grup ön test- son test desen” modeli kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin “Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı” dersine yönelik tutumlarındaki değişikliği belirlemek için ön test ve son test niteliğinde “Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı Dersine Yönelik Ölçek” kullanılmıştır. İkinci veri toplama aracı olarak, öğrencilerin artırılmış gerçeklik teknolojilerine ilişkin ön bilgilerini ölçmek amacıyla “Artırılmış Gerçeklik Ön Anketi” kullanılmıştır. Tespit edilen nicel veriler “SPSS 23 istatistik programı kullanılarak” analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi 3. Sınıf düzeyinde öğrenime devam eden 67 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Çalışma 5 saatlik bir sürede uygulanmış, öğrencilere kendi telefonlarına yüklenen ve araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen artırılmış gerçeklik uygulaması ile örnek artırılmış gerçeklik etkinlikleri yaptırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılan öğrencilerin Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı dersine yönelik tutum ölçeğinden aldıkları puanların dağılımlarının son test lehine farklılaştığı yani yapılan uygulamanın öğrencilerin tutumunu olumlu anlamda değiştirdiği görülmüştür. Artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının din öğretiminde kullanılmasının öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırdığı, dersi daha ilgi çekici hale getirdiği ve öğrencileri derste daha aktif kıldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Pre-service teachers’ approaches to designing technology-based activities in anchored instruction framework

Teachers’ beliefs and skills in, and attitudes towards technology are the factors shaping their technology use in education. However, teacher preparation programs don’t sufficiently support pre-service teachers in this regard. One way to improve their technology beliefs and skills in, and attitudes towards technology is to have them design theory-based technology learning environments. In this study, pre-service mathematics teachers designed anchored instruction-based mathematics learning environments and their approaches for the process were revealed. 52 pre-service teachers went through a 14-week learning period and then asked to build technology-based mathematics learning materials. Their materials were designed based on three design principles of anchored instruction. Upon the completion, projects applying all the necessary requirements in good, average, or poor level were selected with a purposive sampling method. The requirements were specified as workability, interactivity, narration, completeness and representing anchored instruction’s three design principles. The designers of these selected projects were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. Results indicated that their design approaches are in line with anchored instruction theory’s suggested benefits. Their technology beliefs are positively affected and their judgments about technology-based instructional material design are supported by related literature in favor of students’ learning. Implications for teacher education programs are discussed.

How do interdisciplinary teams co-construct instructional materials emphasising both science and engineering practices?

ABSTRACT To build a sustainable future, science and engineering education programmes should emphasise scientific investigation, collaboration across traditional science topics and disciplines, and engineering design, including design and evaluation of solutions. While some research studies articulate the shifts that are needed to realise classroom learning emphasizing investigation and design, fewer research studies help us to understand how we co-design these instructional programmes, including how experts from different essential disciplines collaborate towards an interdisciplinary instructional programme. We adopted a qualitative case study design to address the research question, What is the process of team co-construction of instructional materials that emphasize learning through both science investigation and engineering design? The paper outlines the first year of our team co-construction activities involving the design, implementation, and evaluation of instructional materials for secondary science. Qualitative data included semi-structured interviews with nine team members and documentation in form of researcher field notes and learning artefacts. Two cycles of coding resulted in five major themes that served as the basis for the five-phase model of team co-construction of instructional materials. This study provides information on the kinds of partnerships and collaboration needed to realise instructional programmes for students’ study of the interdisciplinary STEM-based challenges of tomorrow.

Elementary Educator Perceptions of Student Digital Safety Based on Technology Use in the Classroom

Children interact with digital devices for learning and entertainment at an early age. This study examines elementary educators’ perceptions of student digital safety based on their interactions with others using technology in the classroom. Through a qualitative interview study, we analyzed data collected from ten elementary educators, including classroom teachers, media specialists, and instructional technology facilitators. Educators shared that their students interact with one another using technology for a variety of social and learning purposes in the classroom. Additionally, teachers described negative interactions with technology they have observed in their classrooms with elementary students, including incidents of cyberbullying and access to inappropriate content online. Findings from this study support the design of instructional materials for elementary student digital safety and have implications for teachers, parents, students, and administrators.

Tertiary Students’ Perceptions of Online Learning Strategies in Remote Learning Environment at Covid-19 Pandemic Era

This study aimed at investigating the perceptions of tertiary students about online learning strategies in the Remote Learning Environment during the Covid-19 pandemic era. The method used in this research was a descriptive qualitative method by using a survey to collect the data from 20 tertiary students’ perceptions of their online learning strategies in rural areas during this pandemic era. The results indicated that students agreed with online learning strategies with digital platforms but they are still confused about how to learn and access them. Virtual meetings declined students’ motivation to learn because of bad access to the internet in their areas. Using Video Conferences is more flexible because it can be used wherever whenever. Online learning still becomes the best learning strategy in this pandemic, but access to the internet in rural areas must be improved. Tertiary students need access to the internet and infrastructure and instructional materials design especially applied in this pandemic era. In conclusion, online learning strategies by using digital platforms still become the best solution to be applied in the remote learning environments during this Covid-19 outbreak, even there are some obstacles still existed.