Scientific Institutions Research Articles

Beyond MABEL: An Integrative Approach to First in Human Dose Selection of Immunomodulators by the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) Immuno-Safety Technical Committee (ITC).

Administration of a new drug candidate in a first-in-human (FIH) clinical trial is a particularly challenging phase in drug development and is especially true for immunomodulators, which are a diverse and complex class of drugs with a broad range of mechanisms of action and associated safety risks. Risk is generally greater for immunostimulators, in which safety concerns are associated with acute toxicity, compared to immunosuppressors, where the risks are related to chronic effects. Current methodologies for FIH dose selection for immunostimulators are focused primarily on identifying the minimum anticipated biological effect level (MABEL), which has often resulted in sub-therapeutic doses, leading to long and costly escalation phases. The Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI) - Immuno-Safety Technical Committee (ITC) organized a project to address this issue through two complementary approaches: (i) an industry survey on FIH dose selection strategies and (ii) detailed case studies for immunomodulators in oncology and non-oncology indications. Key messages from the industry survey responses highlighted a preference toward more dynamic PK/PD approaches as in vitro assays are seemingly not representative of true physiological conditions for immunomodulators. These principles are highlighted in case studies. To address the above themes, we have proposed a revised decision tree, which expands on the guidance by the IQ MABEL Working Group (Leach et al. 2021). This approach facilitates a more refined recommendation of FIH dose selection for immunomodulators, allowing for a nuanced consideration of their mechanisms of action (MOAs) and the associated risk-to-benefit ratio, among other factors.

The Impact of Endometriosis on Reproductive Outcomes in ART Cycles

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the existence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. This disease is responsible for about 15% of the indications for assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 1382 women aged 18-42 who underwent ART in Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute during 2018-2022. Women were divided into two groups: women with endometriosis (N = 173) and women with a tubal factor or unexplained infertility as the control group (N = 1209). Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates were compared. Results: Women with endometriosis had significantly (P < 0.001) lower retrieved oocytes (7.73 ± 5.52 vs 11.53 ± 7.46), metaphase II oocytes (6.27 ± 4.72 vs 9.37 ± 6.62), and the total number of obtained embryos (3.95 ± 3.52 vs 6.13 ± 5.02). Chemical (P = 0.001) and clinical (P = 0.028) pregnancy rates were lower in women with endometriosis, while live birth rates showed no difference between the two groups (P = 0.069). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that endometriosis can disturb reproductive outcomes after ART.

AGN STORM 2. VIII. Investigating the Narrow Absorption Lines in Mrk 817 Using HST-COS Observations* * Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. These observations are associated with program GO-16196, and archival data

We observed the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 817 during an intensive multiwavelength reverberation mapping campaign for 16 months. Here, we examine the behavior of narrow UV absorption lines seen in the Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph spectra, both during the campaign and in other epochs extending over 14 yr. We conclude that, while the narrow absorption outflow system (at −3750 km s−1 with FWHM = 177 km s−1) responds to the variations of the UV continuum as modified by the X-ray obscurer, its total column density (log N H = 19.5 −0.13+0.61 cm−2) did not change across all epochs. The adjusted ionization parameter (scaled with respect to the variations in the hydrogen-ionizing continuum flux) is log U H = −1.0 −0.3+0.1 . The outflow is located at a distance smaller than 38 pc from the central source, which implies a hydrogen density of n H > 3000 cm−3. The absorption outflow system only covers the continuum emission source and not the broad emission line region, which suggests that its transverse size is small (< 1016 cm), with potential cloud geometries ranging from spherical to elongated along the line of sight.

The Orbit and Mass of the Cepheid AW Per ∗ ∗ Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555.

The Cepheid AW Per is a component in a multiple system with a long-period orbit. The radial velocities of Griffin cover the 38 yr orbit well. An extensive program of interferometry with the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy array is reported here, from which the long-period orbit is determined. In addition, a Hubble Space Telescope high-resolution spectrum in the ultraviolet demonstrates that the companion is itself a binary with nearly equal-mass components. These data combined with a distance from Gaia provide a mass of the Cepheid (primary) of M 1 = 6.79 ± 0.85 M ⊙. The combined mass of the secondary is M S = 8.79 ± 0.50 M ⊙. The accuracy of the mass will be improved after the fourth Gaia data release, expected in approximately two years.

과학기술분야 정부출연연구기관의 연구사업화에 관한 이해충돌 법적 검토

This study examines the commercialization of research conducted by government-funded science and technology research institutes (hereinafter referred to as 'science and technology research institutes') and the associated legal frameworks for preventing conflicts of interest. The aim is to analyze the perceptions within the research community and propose legal improvements. Science and technology research institutes are tasked with not only conducting scientific research but also promoting technology transfer and commercialization for the dissemination and utilization of research outcomes. However, this process may involve personal interests or commercial activities, which can lead to conflicts of interest. Notably, since the implementation of the Act on the Prevention of Conflict of Interest in 2022, issues related to technology transfer and commercialization have been raised, necessitating a thorough review. The perception survey conducted within the research community revealed differences in views on research commercialization between science and technology research institutes and other organizations, with the potential for conflict of interest concerns posing a more significant barrier in the former. Additionally, research-oriented companies and researcher-founded startups reported experiencing limitations in collaboration due to conflict of interest concerns. The proposed legal improvements include: first, the establishment of explicit provisions related to researcher entrepreneurship within the Act on the Establishment, Operation and Fostering of Government-Funded Science and Technology Research Institutes to provide a clear legal basis for proactive efforts; second, a reconsideration of the application of the Act on the Prevention of Conflict of Interest to science and technology research institutes, with the consideration of exceptions or exclusions reflecting the unique nature of research and development; and third, the suggestion to utilize existing laws, such as the National Research and Development Innovation Act, to establish autonomous conflict of interest management systems within these institutes. These measures aim to strike a balance between the public responsibilities of research institutions and the social utilization of research outcomes, ensuring that researchers can actively commercialize their research while fulfilling their ethical responsibilities.

The effectiveness of using various types of stimulating substances for the propagation of clonal rootstocks of pome crops in arid zone conditions

The purpose of the research is to identify the effectiveness of the use of various stimulating substances on the economic and biological parameters of plants of clonal apple rootstocks in the conditions of the arid zone of the Northern Caspian Sea (Astrakhan region). The objects were apple tree clonal rootstocks, scion and rootstock combinations. In the mother plantation of vertical layering, 10 breeding forms of rootstocks selected by various scientific institutions were studied. The control was the M series rootstocks, widely used and adapted in the south of Russia: M-9 for dwarf ones, M-26 for semi-dwarf ones, MM-106 for medium-sized ones. In a vertical mother plantation, there were studied variants for leaf treatments with Etamon Bio and Aminovit (control - treatment with water). Average for 2021–2023 foliar treatments significantly contributed to the high yield of first-grade rootstocks for rootstock forms 87-7-12 – 35.4 %; ‘Ural 8’ – 18.0 %; M-26 – 15.0 %; ‘Ural 5’ – 14.0 %; rootstock ‘Malysh Budagovskogo’ – 20.3 % in the variant with Etamon Bio treatment. In the variant with Aminovit treatment, the most number of first-grade layerings were obtained from the rootstock form 87-7-12 – 36.3 %; ‘Ural 8’ – 19.5 %; ‘Malysh Budagovskogo’ – 23.0 %. Foliar feeding with Etamon Bio and Aminovit had a positive effect on the length of the root system, an increase in the diameter of the trunk and an increase in the height of the rootstocks. In the first field of the nursery, the varieties were grafted onto rootstocks of varying vigor. The drugs for study were root formation stimulants Zircon; Ribav Extra; Kornevin. As a result, in comparison with the control, the survival rate of all rootstocks treated in the Zircon root formation stimulator was 100 %.

Basic education, verticalization and the world of work: a case study with graduates from the Uruçuí campus of the Federal Institute of Piauí

Public Basic Education socially represents one of the hallmarks of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. Its greatest expansion occurred in the 2010s, and the impacts of this expansion directly reached the mass population, with the democratization of access to quality public education, reconciling training for the job market and the full exercise of citizenship. The main objective of the study was to analyze the trajectory of the Uruçuí campus of the Federal Institute of Piauí (IFPI) throughout its implementation (2010-2021) in the municipality where it is located, with an emphasis on the social transformation of the lives of graduates of technical courses integrated into the secondary education, offered at the Institution. In this sense, the research was initially carried out through the analysis of the legislation that regulated the Federal Institutes throughout their implementation and through the application of questionnaires to graduates of the campus/IFPI. The results showed that the institution provided the training of 620 students in technical courses integrated into secondary education, and these are well positioned in society, whether in the job market or in higher education.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN PRETERM NEWBORNS ADMITTED WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN NICU: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Background:Respiratory distress is one of the most common cause of newborns admitting to NICUs. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the epidemiological profile of preterm neonates with respiratory distress in the NICU. It was carried out from August 2023 to July 2024 at Akash institute of medical sciences and research centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru Rural. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 42 neonates under the age of 28 days. Respiratory distress was diagnosed using specific criteria, and detailed clinical assessments were performed to confirm the aetiology. Data on demographics, risk factors, and therapeutic modalities were collected and analysed using SPSS version 25. Results: A total number of 81 neonates are admitted in NICU for respiratory distress, 42 cases were preterm. In those preterm ,late preterm babies 33(79%) had respiratory distress, followed by moderate preterm 5(12%). Males, 23(54.76%) were more prone for respiratory distress compared to females, 19 (45.24%). LSCS ,34 (80.95%)was the major cause for respiratory distress. All cases required oxygen supportbut oxygen prongs was given to 23(54.76%) cases, CPAP was given to 16 (38.05%) cases, 3(7.14%) were mechanically ventilated. Low birth weight infants,24(57%) weremore prone for respiratory distress compared to very low birth weight 11(26%) and extreme low birth weight infants 1 (3%). 15 (35.71%) cases were not having any risk factors but 9 (21.42%) had PIH. TTNB, in 19(45.23%) cases was the most common aetiology for causing respiratory distress. Conclusion: This study underscores the necessity for heightened awareness and specialized care protocols for preterm neonates, particularly those born via LSCS and those with low birth weight, to mitigate the risks and improve outcomes associated with respiratory distress.

기업가지향성이 비즈니스 프로세스 혁신을 통해 혁신성과에 미치는 영향

The manufacturing sector in Korea had a more severe fall in labor productivity during the global financial crisis than most OECD countries. As a result, the manufacturing sector in Korea is in danger of becoming less competitive. Additionally, due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the advancement of intelligent technology, several forms of corporate innovation are becoming more significant. The assessment is that, in light of the alterations in the external milieu and the circumstances confronting the Korean manufacturing sector, domestic manufacturing enterprises must fortify their entrepreneurial orientation and enhance their capacity for innovation to augment the efficacy of their innovation endeavors. As a result, this study looked at the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and product innovation and considered business process innovation as a multifaceted innovation skill. This study's empirical testing used the Science and Technology Policy Institute's 2020 Korean Innovation Survey data on manufacturing industries. It was discovered that, as a result of business process innovation, entrepreneurial attitude positively impacted product innovation. Furthermore, incremental product innovation was positively impacted by entrepreneurial attitude, whereas radical product innovation was negatively impacted.

The Effectiveness and Safety of Yi Shen Juan Bi Pill on Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Protocol for Systematic Review and/or Meta-Analysis.

The Yi Shen Juan Bi (YSJB) pill has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with several studies reporting its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to prevent bone destruction. However, the lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness and toxicity of individual components of YSJB limits its widespread use. This protocol outlines a systematic review and/or meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of YSJB. We will search worldwide electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, CiNii, J-STAGE, KoreaMed, Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Digital Science Library, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System. In addition, we will conduct manual searches, and, if necessary, contact authors directly. The search will cover publications until June 2024. We will select randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare the use of YSJB for the treatment of RA against other treatments. Data from the selected RCTs will be extracted, including sample size, patient characteristics, intervention details, and outcome measures. We will perform a meta-analysis using Review Manager software. The primary outcome measures will include disease activity scores such as effective rate, swollen joint count, tender joint count, and morning stiffness. Secondary outcome measures will include blood test results and adverse events. The results will reveal the effectiveness and safety of YSJB for the treatment of RA. and Relevance: The findings will provide an evidence-based review of the use of YSJB for RA.S.

Using Data Mining Applications to Analyze the Grades of Students in the Department of Construction and Civil Engineering: A Case Study at the Higher Institute of Science and Technology – Kufra

This study presents to analyze the grades of students in the department of construction and civil engineering in the department of construction and civil engineering, specializing in architectural drawing and surveying, from the Spring semester (2006-2007) until the Fall semester (2010-2011). The goal was to understand the factors influencing students' grades, as well as the lack of interest in the department due to the difficulty in obtaining grades of previous graduates. To address the issue of student data accumulation. The study also sought to explore various methods to achieve specific results and establish a digital repository of student data to support decision-makers in understanding student outcomes. The significance of the study lies in predicting and analyzing students' grades in the department of construction and civil engineering, as well as understanding students' lack of interest and identifying weaknesses in academic courses. The present study employed an analytical research methodology. The K-Means Clustering Algorithm was used for data mining to identify factors leading to academic underachievement. the study results showed that a repetition of subjects within the curriculum for architectural drawing and surveying for more than one academic semester or course. The study results also showed that the differences in students' grades between the architectural drawing and surveying branches, with the architectural drawing branch having higher grades at 6.65 compared to 5.56 for the surveying branch. Then the study recommended the necessity of building a database for the institute's students and conducting a balance between the subjects and courses for the students of the architectural drawing department, as well as conducting workshops to update the study materials.

The main milestones in the history of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg-Petrograd-Leningrad (1724−1934)

The article briefly examines 210-year history of the creation, formation and development of the highest scientific institution of Russia, while being on the banks of the Neva River. During that time, it repeatedly changed its name: Academy of Sciences and Arts (1724−1803), Imperial Academy of Sciences (1803-1836), Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1936−1914), Imperial Academy of Sciences (1914-1917), Russian Academy of Sciences (1917−1925), and Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1925−1991). The article is based on the scientific report delivered at the meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences on January 30, 2024.

Формування інноваційної екосистеми сталого економічного відновлення і розвитку регіонів для посилення національної безпеки україни

This article delves into establishing an innovative ecosystem in Ukraine, essential for sustainable economic recovery and regional development. The significance of innovation in driving economic growth cannot be overstated, especially in a country that has faced numerous challenges, including political instability, economic downturns, and external threats. An innovative ecosystem serves as a framework that integrates various stakeholders, including scientific institutions, higher education establishments, businesses, and government entities, to foster collaboration and create an environment conducive to innovation. The article begins by defining an innovative ecosystem and its core components. It highlights the importance of synergy among different participants in the innovation process. Scientific institutions are crucial for research and development (R&amp;D), providing the necessary knowledge and expertise to drive innovation. Higher education institutions play a pivotal role in preparing a skilled workforce equipped with the necessary competencies to meet the demands of a rapidly changing labor market. On the other hand, businesses are responsible for commercializing innovations and bringing new products and services to market. One of the critical aspects discussed is the need for effective collaboration among these stakeholders. The article emphasizes that strong partnerships between academia and industry characterize thriving innovative ecosystems. This collaboration can take various forms, including joint research projects, internships for students in companies, and knowledge transfer initiatives. These entities can leverage each other’s strengths to accelerate the innovation process by working together. Moreover, the article addresses the barriers to forming an innovative ecosystem in Ukraine. These barriers include inadequate regulatory frameworks supporting innovation, insufficient funding for R&amp;D activities, and a fragmented approach to innovation policy. Ukraine’s current state of innovation is often hindered by bureaucratic obstacles that slow the implementation of innovative solutions. Therefore, policymakers must create a supportive environment that encourages investment in research and development. In addition to addressing systemic challenges, the article highlights the importance of fostering a culture of innovation within society. This includes promoting entrepreneurship and encouraging individuals to pursue innovative ideas. Educational programs focused on entrepreneurship can inspire young people to participate actively in the innovation ecosystem. Furthermore, public awareness campaigns can help shift societal attitudes towards risk-taking and experimentation. The conclusion of the article emphasizes Ukraine’s potential to create a robust, innovative ecosystem that can enhance its competitiveness on the global stage. By leveraging its human capital, rich natural resources, and growing technological capabilities, Ukraine can position itself as a hub for innovation in Eastern Europe. Successfully implementing state innovation policies aligned with European benchmarks will be critical. In summary, forming an innovative ecosystem is not just about fostering technological advancements but about creating a holistic environment where collaboration thrives, barriers are minimized, and creativity flourishes. The path toward establishing such an ecosystem requires concerted efforts from all stakeholders involved-government agencies must work together with educational institutions and businesses to cultivate a vibrant landscape for innovation. By doing so, Ukraine can pave the way for sustainable economic growth and regional development that benefits all citizens. Keywords: ecosystem, national security, region, economic recovery, sustainable development.

Інноваційний розвиток як чинник підвищення конкурентоспроможності підприємств

In today’s world, innovation is a critical factor in the successful development of companies, national economies, and the global community in general. Therefore, they attract much attention from governments, businesses, and scientific and educational institutions, which actively support and stimulate the processes of innovative activity. Innovations play an essential role in the economic development of society because they contribute to increased productivity, competitiveness, and the general standard of living, which stimulate the growth of production, the improvement of technology, the improvement of working conditions, and many other benefits. Competitiveness is the criterion that most fully reflects the efficiency of the economic entity. Practice shows that solving the task of increasing competitiveness causes significant difficulties. For many enterprises in today’s economic conditions, it has become a problem due to the need for a clear strategy, financial and economic goals, and organization criteria. In the current situation, for successful competition, enterprises must not only update technologies and technological equipment, study the domestic and foreign markets, and conduct marketing research, as well as identify the opportunities, weaknesses, and vulnerabilities of competitors, but also influence their competitiveness and determine its main directions. Innovation is crucial in developing and adapting business models, enabling businesses to remain competitive in a rapidly changing world. Integrating new technologies and approaches can significantly improve process efficiency, reduce costs, and create new market opportunities. In fierce competition and technological innovations, the winners will be those enterprises that can quickly analyze business models, choose the best one for themselves, and implement it effectively. To effectively implement an innovative business model within the existing business, it is necessary to evaluate new critical success factors, develop a new value system, and develop new business processes, organizational structure, and corporate culture. Keywords: development, innovation, enterprise, competitiveness, resources.

Evaluation of effective kinetic parameters and adjoint flux distribution using iterated fission probability in the iMC Monte Carlo code

The iterated fission probability (IFP) method enables assessment of adjoint flux-weighted kinetic parameters, i.e., effective kinetic parameters, in Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, an essential capability in modern MC codes. This method can be extended to calculate adjoint flux-weighted quantities within a prescribed phase-space, enabling the estimation of adjoint flux distributions. The iMC Monte Carlo code, developed at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), is proficient in both calculating effective kinetic parameters and adjoint flux distributions. This paper presents benchmark results verifying the code’s capabilities. Critical device configurations are considered for evaluating kinetic parameters, compared with the Serpent2 code results. Both multi-group and continuous-energy benchmarks are solved to assess IFP-based spatial- and energy-wise adjoint flux distributions, and comparison is made against deterministic transport calculations. Results show that effective kinetic parameters can be accurately estimated, and acceptable adjoint flux distributions can be obtained using the iMC code.

Adaptive breeding of soft spring wheat for the conditions of Western Siberia and the Omsk region

The article provides the results of testing 13 soft spring wheat variety samples of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Omsk ASC" in the competitive variety testing nursery in 2020–2022. According to the ripeness groups, characteristics is given according to phenotypic traits, resistance to leaf diseases and grain quality. Variety samples have been identified based on yield, stability factor (S.F.) and yield range (d), with weaker variability (CV), which exceed standards and are characterized by the highest level of realization of productivity potential. In medium-ripeness group the following variety samples have been selected: Lutescens 83/14-3, Lutescens 205/12-5, in mid-late maturity group – Lutescens 15/16-17, which ensure the formation of a consistently high grain yield, grain quality, and resistance to fungal pathogens, regardless of the environmental conditions. The parameters of ecological plasticity of variety samples according to grain yield were determined and the most adaptive ones in this set were identified – Lutescens 83/14-3 (bi =1.16, Sd2 = 0.02) and Lutescens 205/12-5 (bi = 1.09, Sd2 = 0.03). The obtained research results made it possible to transfer the cultivars ‘Omskaya krepost` 2’ (Lutescens 205/12-5) and ‘Omskaya krepost` 5’ (Lutescens 83/14-3) to the state variety testing. Using the PCR method, a genetic profile of the transferred cultivars was obtained using certain DNA markers.

Influence of Different Levels of Hydrogel on Root Nodulation in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

This study investigated the impact of varying levels of hydrogel on the root nodules of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2021-22 at the Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, (U.P). The experimental design was a randomized block design with four levels of hydrogel (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and two levels of irrigation (one irrigation and two irrigation) and all treatments replicated thrice. Observations on the number of nodules per plant, active nodules, and inactive nodules were recorded at 30, 60, and 90 days after sowing (DAS) and at maturity and analysed using Fisher's ANOVA. The results indicated that hydrogel application significantly affected nodule formation at all growth stages across both years. The highest number of nodules, active nodules, and inactive nodules were recorded in treatment T10 (2 irrigations + 100% hydrogel), followed by T9 (2 irrigations + 75% hydrogel), in both years. The enhanced nodule formation with hydrogel application was attributed to improved water availability to the roots during periods of water scarcity, highlighting hydrogel's role in optimizing nitrogen availability and promoting chickpea growth, which is crucial for enhancing soil fertility.

Assessment of drug therapy problems among hypertensive patients at integral institute of medical science and research

Assessment of drug therapy problems among hypertensive patients at integral institute of medical science and research

The impact of budget allocation by research service and platform providers on R&amp;D outcomes: Reassessing the value of investment in research infrastructure in a knowledge-based society

This study aims to empirically analyze the impact of budget allocation by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) on national research competitiveness, thereby reassessing the value of investing in research infrastructure within a knowledge-based society. In the 21st century, research and development (R&amp;D) have emerged as a pivotal element of national competitiveness, underlining the increasing importance of investments aimed at constructing and enhancing research infrastructure. However, empirical studies examining the causal relationship between research infrastructure investment and national research competitiveness are still notably scarce. Accordingly, this research endeavors to systematically delineate the effect of research infrastructure investment, with a focus on KISTI’s budget allocation, on enhancing national R&amp;D outcomes. To achieve this, the structural relationship between KISTI’s budget, national R&amp;D budget, and various academic and industrial performance indicators was analyzed using multiple regression and simple regression analysis. In particular, by demonstrating the mechanism through which the budget management of research support organizations like KISTI contributes to strengthening national research competitiveness, this study aims to shed new light on the strategic value of research infrastructure investment in a knowledge-based society. Furthermore, these findings are expected to provide valuable evidence for the formulation of national R&amp;D policies in Korea and the strategic planning of budget operations for research support organizations. Through strategic investment of limited budgets, this could enhance the efficiency of national R&amp;D investments and contribute to strengthening the capacity for scientific and technological innovation required in a knowledge-based society.

“Rumyantsev Readings — 2024”: N.P. Rumyantsev’s Heritage and Topical Issues of Development of Modern Librarianship

On 23—25 April 2024, the Russian State Library (RSL) hosted the annual International Research and Practical Conference “Rumyantsev Readings” (organizers: Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, RSL, the Library Assembly of Eurasia). The topics raised at the conference invariably attract a large number of specialists from different regions of Russia and other countries with their versatility and relevance. In 2024, representatives of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan took part in it. Our country was represented by specialists from many cities and regions. 294 people took part in the event in person, 1,697 connections were recorded during the broadcasting of the sessions.The conference topics covered a wide range of issues on the theory and practice of library science, bibliography and book studies. Among its main directions: history of libraries and other scientific and cultural institutions, as well as pages of life and activity of people connected with them; disclosure of book depositories’ funds; research of collections and individual copies of manuscript and printed monuments; multifaceted activities of modern libraries. One of the main goals of the conference is to expand intercultural interaction and co-operation between cultural, educational and scientific institutions. Within the framework of the “Rumyantsev Readings” the work of sections, both traditional for many years, and timed to the dates and events of 2024, was organized. Special attention was paid to the personality and heritage of the creator of the Rumyantsev Museum N.P. Rumyantsev (1754—1826), whose 270th anniversary is being celebrated in 2024. Other key topics of the conference were: “Scientific and methodological activities of libraries”, “Collectors, curators, researchers: the history of cultural institutions in the faces”, “The selfless people of the past and modern volunteer movement in the life of libraries”, “Book monuments in the library collections: creation, existence, storage and use”, “Library collections in the digital environment”, “Staffing makes the difference: young researchers in the modern library”.The programme of the event included, in addition to the plenary session, ten sections and two round tables. By the beginning of the conference a collection of materials in three parts was prepared and published by the publishing house of the RSL “Pashkov Dom”, it included 168 articles by 180 authors.“Rumyantsev Readings” have been held for more than four decades and continue to be a popular research and practical event among library professionals and representatives of other educational, scientific and cultural institutions, contributing to the development of scientific research and the introduction of new practices.