Management Institutions Research Articles

Institutional analysis of the conservation management for Litsea leytensis Merr. in Laguna and Quezon, Philippines

This paper aims to analyze the institutions involved in the conservation management of Litsea leytensis Merr., with the trade name Medang, a wood species preferred by carvers in the Philippines, particularly in Paete, Laguna. The art of wood carving is thriving as a culture and as a wood-based industry for Filipinos, intertwined with natural resource management, where the seeds and wildlings are collected as planting materials for the nationwide greening program, while the wood as raw material is carefully selected from a list of Philippine native species. Litsea leytensis Merr. represents the many endemic trees in the country that need serious attention for conservation because of their continuing decline in habitat and population. The study highlights in situ and ex situ conservation of L. leytensis by institutions in Laguna and Quezon. The results suggest that the rules-in-form guided the institutions in conservation management, and their interactions in the action arena were in downward, upward, and horizontal patterns. The outcomes of their interventions for L. leytensis were relevant, coherent, effective, and efficient, while project impact and sustainability were implied by the participation and community ownership of conservation activities, government policies, and funding.

Current perspectives in avian nutrition: domestic animal models and their role in conservation management

As biodiversity declines, wildlife conservation focuses on in situ and ex situ management strategies. Zoo‐based breeding programmes are often designed to contribute to the conservation of species that are threatened in the wild. Diet contributes to the reproductive success, disease status and longevity of all animals. It is near‐impossible to replicate a species' diet in captivity using only the species they consume in the wild, but the nutritional composition of a wild diet, if known, can be closely matched using commercially available foods for which the nutritional composition has been calculated. Ecological research has identified food items of importance in the diet of many species. However, the nutritional composition of these food items is rarely evaluated, even though the composition of wild food items is important in understanding the dietary adaptations and requirements of wildlife. In contrast, the nutritional requirements of domestic species are well researched and can be used to predict a range of plausible nutrient requirements of some wild species, especially those with similar life histories. Access to wild populations provides further opportunities for nutritional science to determine the requirements of individual species. Small‐scale dietary experimentation undertaken at conservation institutions may show positive effects on health and welfare but is rarely published in the scientific literature. This review describes current standards in nutritional management of birds and recommends pathways for filling knowledge gaps. Research on mammals has dominated the nutrition literature, so there is a relative lack of nutritional management information for birds. We combine concepts of domestic animal nutrition with recent findings on the nutritional requirements of birds to provide a foundation for further studies of avian nutrition. We call for the broader zoological community to share data and collaborate on nutritional research to support conservation institutions in nutritional management of wild birds.

Determination of Health Index Classification and Management Sustainable Mangrove Ecosystems Using a Combination of Fuzzy and ISM Methods

The area of mangrove forests in Indonesia in 2021, according to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, is around 3,364,080 Ha; this amount is equivalent to 23% of the world’s mangrove ecosystem, which is from a total of 16,530,000 Ha (FAO, 2005). Information on the condition of mangrove ecosystems is important to know whether or not an area is good. Studies related to the condition of mangrove ecosystems based on environmental quality and mangrove health index to determine the environmental quality and mangrove health are needed for ecosystem management in the future. This article describes the health parameters of mangrove ecosystems that will be analyzed with the help of a combination of decision support software such as fuzzy and ISM so that priority mangrove ecosystem locations can be determined, mangrove health index values to determine the health status of mangrove ecosystems and determine alternative sustainable mangrove ecosystem management policies that will be applied to the object of study. In addition, the study also discusses the concept of determining standard criteria for the level of damage to mangrove ecosystems and determining the status of mangrove ecosystems. Based on fuzzy logic, data analysis shows that the output of the Mangrove Health Index can be determined with 3 variables and 27 rules, with key factors in Mangrove Density, Canopy Cover and Number of saplings. The results of ISM show that management institutions that must be actively involved in supporting the success of sustainable mangrove forest ecosystem management in Batam City are KLHK, DLHK Riau Islands Province, and BPDAS Sei Jang Duriangkang. Proper handling of constraints and management institutions that are actively involved in mangrove forest ecosystem management will ultimately encourage budget effectiveness and efficiency to meet the main goal, namely sustainable mangrove forest ecosystem management in Batam City.

MELINTASI HAMBATAN ETIKA: Tinjauan Terhadap Kemandirian dalam Seleksi Penyelenggara Pemilu Pada KPU dan BAWASLU

Elections can only be held in a credible and fair manner if they are placed by an impartial institution. According to the Constitution, elections are conducted by an independent EMB, with no additional definition of independence. The purpose of this study is to determine the post-reform electoral management institution model and the concept of independence in Article 22E paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution as recognized by the Constitutional Court, the research methodology is the normative legal method and the legal and case approach. According to the findings of this study, the post-reform election model is an independent model that does not involve representatives from political parties or employees.

Tata Ruang Pesisir Bantul dalam Perspektif Keistimewaan DIY

This research investigates the coastal spatial planning of Bantul Regency, which is known for its features in geographical, cultural and socio-economic aspects. Bantul Regency faces a number of challenges, including serious coastal erosion, climate change, and the preservation of local cultural values. This research aims to identify holistic solutions that can combine coastal erosion mitigation, adaptation to climate change, and cultural heritage preservation in coastal area management. This research involves collecting geospatial data, abrasion susceptibility analysis, interviews with local stakeholders, and the use of geographic information systems (GIS). The research results show that handling coastal abrasion can be integrated with broader adaptation strategies to climate change. In addition, community involvement in decision making and implementation of coastal spatial planning policies has helped maintain the sustainability of the local environment and culture. The implication of this research is the development of sustainable coastal spatial plans that take into account physical, social and cultural aspects. The results of this research can be a guide for local governments, environmental management institutions and other stakeholders in maintaining the sustainability of the coastal areas of Bantul Regency and similar areas throughout the world that face similar challenges.

Measuring Alternative Research Impact of Private Higher Education Institutions of India Through Data Carpentry

This research aims to measure the research impact of 27 private Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in India through the lens of citations and social media. It applies data carpentry tools and techniques for gathering and formatting data from different databases. The primary bibliographic data was collected from Scopus, and the secondary data from four different databases (Dimensions.ai, Altmetric.com, Mendeley.com, and Unpaywall.org). The data is analysed in terms of coverage, associations between variables (citations vs. altmetrics), and open access advantages of altmetric. The result indicates that 18.51 % of publications from private HEIs are covered in altmetric, while 95.77 % of publications are in Mendeley. Twitter event has the most extensive coverage among altmetric data, and Dr D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth registered with the broadest coverage in altmetric. The coverage level of altmetric data is higher for institutions focused on multidisciplinary research than medical, technical, and management institutions. The correlation results showed an almost positive between citations and altmetric mentions. Moreover, the coverage of open access publications in altmetric is considerably higher than those of non-OA articles. The Open Access Altmetric Advantages (OAAA) and Categorical Open Access Altmetric Advantages (COAAA) confirmed the open access advantages of selected institutions across altmetric events. The overall research result suggests that discipline- and institute-specific considerations are pivotal when evaluating institutions’ productivity using altmetric.

Empowerment of The Village Forest Management Institution Baharu through Optimizing the Utilization of Bamboo in Foramadiahi

The lack of public in using bamboo is due to the absence of a market and lack of public. Optimizing the use of bamboo can help society increase an economic household. The aim of carrying out service activities is to improve the skills and abilities of the village forest management institution or LPHD Baharu in using bamboo as a basic material for crafts and being able to understand the concept of an independent community economy. The activity was carried out at LPHD Baharu of Foramadiahi in Ternate, North Maluku. Activities were carried out with the LPHD forest farmers group in Foramadiahi. The method used is socialization and training to process bamboo into crafts that have marketable value. All stages of activities were carried out well and supported by community participation. Some of the uses of bamboo in Foramadiahi are as house fences, braces (gata-gata), and support poles (house building materials/concoctions). Apart from that, bamboo can also be processed into various crafts and weaves. It is hoped that these activities can provide knowledge and skills for the community to develop the potential of bamboo in Foramadiahi so that it can help the community become an independent sub-district.

Sharia governance and organizational performance in zakat management organization: evidence from Indonesia

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of sharia governance on organizational performance in zakat management institutions in Indonesia over the period 2017–2021. Design/methodology/approach This study examined 33 zakat management organizations in Indonesia from 2017 through 2021 for 151 observations. Gross allocation ratio and growth of ZIS collection are used as organizational performance measures. The independent variables in this study are board of director size, educational background of the board of directors, sharia supervisory board size, sharia supervisory expertise, supervisory size and management size. Also, the study uses size, age and audit opinion as control variables to help measure the relationship between sharia governance and organizational performance. Findings This study shows that the board of directors and supervisory size positively and significantly affect organizational performance. Then, the educational background of board of directors has a negative and significant effect on organizational performance. In Model 1, sharia supervisory board size has a positive and significant effect on organizational performance, but in Model 2, sharia supervisory board size does not. Meanwhile, sharia supervisory expertise and management board size do not affect organizational performance. Practical implications The findings in this study illustrate the importance of transparency in the zakat management organization. Transparency helps minimize conflicts of interest and information asymmetry in the zakat management organization. In addition, sharia governance mechanism helps regulators and top management to make effective policies to improve and enhance organizational performance. Social implications Sharia governance is essential for zakat management organizations to increase accountability, credibility and public trust and support the practice of zakat management organizations. Originality/value This study discusses sharia governance and organizational performance in socioreligious organizations, especially zakat management organizations, which are still rarely carried out. Thus, this study broadens the insights of sharia governance and highlights the importance of performance appraisal in zakat management organizations.

New Public Governance as a new wave of the public policy: theoretical approach and conceptualization of the trend

PurposeThe paper's primary purpose is to define and characterize the innovative concept in public management theory, New Public Governance (NPG), from its theoretical framework and the view of public management institutions. The second objective is to create a logical framework to explain this notion. The broader role of this paper is to expand the understanding of this contemporary public management trend.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach of the authors' research is based on a deep understanding of theoretical sources, particularly the scientific precursors in the literature surrounding the NPG theory. The authors used the following methods to achieve the paper's goals: critical thematic literature review and synthetic comparative analysis.FindingsIn regards to scientific analysis, the goals of NPG were achieved, considering that its concept and main characteristics were displayed in definitional terms as a trend in public management, emphasizing institutional cooperation and co-production, having strengths in social inclusion and weaknesses in the lack of participatory experience of the actors. Additionally, the authors created the original 6-CO coherent conceptual framework describing the flows in the NPG operation based on theoretical foundations. The analysis of theoretical sources not only allowed the collection of common and disconnected features of the reasoning behind the definition and depth of the NPG but also insufficient development of the theory in existing sources.Originality/valueThe paper demonstrates critical new scholarship surrounding the NPG theory because it (1) applies one of the latest trends in public management, (2) juxtaposes various academics' understanding of the concept and, most importantly, (3) advances the theory of NPG with the original 6-CO coherent conceptual framework as a practical implication of the theory originator.

Deciphering the Social Media Content to Identify Common Branding Themes of Bellwether Management Institutions of India

Social media has become an integral part of people’s lives. Extant research is full of ample evidence on the impact of social media on the brand image and purchase intentions of consumers. Educational institutions have started using social media for passing information and influencing the attitudes of prospective students. There is a dearth of research on the type of content that can be used on social media to build the desired brand image as well as influence the attitude of prospective students. This study has an objective of identifying the common themes of social media content that are used by the leading IIMs, that is, IIM Ahmedabad, IIM Bangalore and IIM Calcutta. Additionally, another aim is to find the themes that drive maximum engagement. Data was extracted from Facebook and Instagram posts of IIM Ahmedabad, Bangalore and Calcutta for a period of 8 months (i.e., January 2022 to August 2022). The posts were categorized on the basis of commonality and were given a common theme for analysis. Simple descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data. Frequency and mean were used to identify the most popular themes and correlation was used to find the relationship between the number of posts and engagement. Text analysis was also done using word cloud. On the basis of the post content and most frequently used words on all three platforms, word cloud was built for the three institutions. It was found that the most engaging themes on Facebook were achievements, webinars, festival celebrations, public talks by experts and appreciation posts. Similarly, the most engaging themes on Instagram were university infrastructure, webinars, achievements, cultural events and festival celebrations, Furthermore, the most engaging themes on LinkedIn were farewell, inauguration, festival celebration, social events and virtual meetings. The results of this study will contribute to the extant literature on what branding themes can be used by educational institutions on social media platforms to maximize engagement.

Urban green governance and mechanisms of generation of ecosystem services: Milan’s green governance models

ABSTRACTThis paper studies the governance of the green spaces in the metropolitan area of Milan, aiming to understand the political mechanisms that underpin the generation of ecosystem services in the urban context. Based on semi-structured interviews to relevant policymakers and stakeholders and on the study of planning documents and greening policies, the research identifies the main actors who are involved in green planning and management in the city and in the metropolitan area. By analysing their green management and planning roles, economic resources and greening visions and priorities, the study depicts five coexisting green governance models. In particular, the research highlights the decreasing influence of public institutions in green planning and management and the rising relevance of private-public collaborations. These dynamics of green governance may affect the generation and the distribution of ecosystem services. On the one hand, greening in private-led regeneration processes tend toward recreational and final ecosystem services, aiming to raise land values. On the other hand, the civic projects of afforestation have evolved in territorial initiatives that go beyond the mere objective of implementing new green spaces, looking at broader planning themes – i.e. soft mobility and social welfare – demanding a stronger metropolitan coordination.

Farmers perspectives on options for and barriers to implementing climate resilient agriculture and implications for climate adaptation policy

The impacts of climate change in low lying coastal areas, such as Bangladesh, are adversely affecting food and livelihood security, requiring adaptation to build resilience. However, effective implementation is limited by a lack of local-level knowledge regarding the barriers that prevent adoption and up-scaling of climate resilient agriculture (CRA). Case studies in coastal Bangladesh provide novel insights regarding barriers to planned and autonomous adaptation from the perspective of farmers facing multiple climate change impacts across seven key dimensions of CRA (agrometeorology services, water management practices, nutrient management activities, technologies and knowledge management activities, infrastructure development, socio-economic resilience, and institutions and good governance). Farmers generally perceive that adaptation actions increase resilience in crop production systems and their surrounding social systems, but also identify the important barriers that inhibit or constrain planned and autonomous adaptation opportunities. Planned adaptation actions are perceived to be limited by institutional arrangements and lack of implementation capacity. Autonomous adaptation was found to be dependent on income level, farm-holding size, access to input resources and services and peer/social influences. Planned and autonomous adaptation actions were both affected by specific social and geographic contexts and cultural factors. Recommendations are suggested to address key constraints and thereby promote CRA in coastal agricultural landscapes in Bangladesh and in other developing countries confronting similar challenges.

Nazhir Legal Aspects of Cash WAQF in Indonesia in the 4.0 Era

This study aims to analyze the related law No. 41 of 2004 concerning endowments in particular the rules relating to endowment management institutions entitled to collect and manage money endowments (nadzhir waqf money) in Indonesia in the context of the era of 4.0 which emphasizes Islamic financial institutions and advances in digital technology. The method used is a qualitative research method with a normative juridical approach with data collection techniques study literature, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through descriptive analytics. The results of this study indicate that the progress and development of technology in the 4.0 era, especially in the digitalization of the waqf program, makes the collection and management of waqf money mainly depend on the technological advancements owned by the institution, massive commitment and socialization to the public regarding money waqf, and Islamic financial institutions that collaborate with nadzhir. The recipient of the waqf money is considered to have technological devices and SDI that can support the management and collection of waqf money in Indonesia, in addition to credibility in terms of financial accountability as well as the guarantor and supervisory institutions in addition to the OJK, BWI, and DPS.
 Keywords: cash waqf, nadzhir, money

Counseling of Zakat Management in Daarul Ilmi Islamic Boarding School Cipeundeuy

The zakat management system according to Law (UU) Number 23 of 2011 is categorized into two, the first is an institution created by the Government, namely the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) and the second is an institution built on the initiative of the community or association, namely the Amil Zakat Institution (Lembaga Amil Zakat) LAZ. The zakat law stipulates that LAZ which is formed at the initiative of the community by assisting the collection of zakat, its distribution, utilization, and formation must obtain permission from the minister or an official appointed by the minister. Article 38 of the Zakat Law emphasizes that the management of zakat by the community must go through a mechanism that has been regulated, so it is not permissible to establish an Amil Zakat body without the permission of the authorized party (government). The Daarul Ilmi Integrated Islamic Boarding School as one of the foundations located in Cipeundeuy, West Bandung Regency has a zakat empowerment program that has been implemented for 5 consecutive years. This service aims to see whether this institution is in accordance with the Sharia and zakat laws in its management or not. In principle, the management of zakat is in accordance with Sharia rules, but there are still shortcomings in the licensing aspect, namely, this institution has not registered as a LAZ. Extension activities and assistance to human resources (HR) in Islamic boarding schools are very necessary to achieve the desired goal, namely, the legality of the Zakat Management Institution. It is hoped that after obtaining legality, the management of zakat, infaq, and alms can be developed and gain the trust of the wider community, so that the benefits of zakat can be felt by people in need, especially for students and the community around Islamic boarding schools.
 Keywords: legality, zakat management, Islamic boarding school

Data-driven analysis on the performance evaluation of national R&D projects in Korea

Research and development (R&D) is a crucial competency in both developing and developed countries. As a result, evaluating the performance of R&D programs has become a significant research topic for academic and governmental researchers. This study aims to investigate the impact of various factors, such as the characteristics of national R&D projects, research stages, technology types, and management institutions, on their performance. Specifically, we focus on identifying key factors that influence the efficiency of national R&D investments in South Korea. To achieve this, we compiled a dataset of 98,224 government-funded R&D projects conducted between 2016 and 2019. The dataset includes information on project characteristics (research stage, technology types, and management institutions) as well as outcomes (patent applications, patent registrations, publications, royalties, and sales). Through factorial Kruskal-Wallis tests, we found that the research stage and technology type significantly affected the project outcomes, while the research stage did not significantly influence royalty and sales amounts. Additionally, our analysis of South Korean research management institutions revealed variations in their overall performance, suggesting differences in management capabilities among institutions. Based on these findings, we provide insights into setting appropriate research goals for each project, considering their unique characteristics. Finally, we discuss the implications and limitations of this study.

The interactive effect of endogenous and exogenous institutions on forest use practices in socio-culturally diverse landscapes of Cameroon

AbstractIn resource-dependent communities of sub-Saharan Africa, it is widely held that endogenous institutions either countervail or complement exogenous institutions, indicating inconsistency in empirical evidence. This has re-ignited interest to establish the independent and/or interactive effect of both endogenous and exogenous institutional structures. This paper quantitatively analyses the independent and interactive effects of community-based (endogenous) and state-based (exogenous) forest management institutions (FMIs) on the exploitation of forest resources, drawing from a representative sample of 446 households from three socio-culturally diverse landscapes of Cameroon. The paper introduces a multiplicative interaction term and used the heteroscedasticity-based instrumental variables approach to estimate the direct and indirect effects of exogenous and endogenous institutions on the behaviour of users of forest-based resources. The results indicate that: (i) Both exogenous structures of FMIs and the interaction term significantly constrain the extractive behaviour of forest resource users; (ii) endogenous structures and not rules are vital in improving the role of exogenous structures in forest resource management; (iii) while traditional rules are less significant in shaping forest resource exploitation, their effectiveness is highly significant across the study sites and (iv) institutional compatibility and complementarity was observed in landscapes that were formerly shaped by British colonial influence (Bakossi and Kilum-Ijim). This paper does not only establish the relative influence of exogenous and endogenous FMIs, it also highlights future research pathways on institutional change in the context of environmental resource management in sub-Saharan Africa.

Analysis of Tourism Village Management in Wewengkon Kasepuhan Customary Citorek, Lebak Regency, Banten Province-Indonesia

Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek is a traditional rural area which is one of the priorities for tourism development in Lebak Regency. As a traditional village that has unique cultural potential, this area also has a variety of natural potential because of its position as an enclave area of the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS), so it is not surprising that this area is directed to be developed as a tourist village thanks to the potential it has. This research aims to identify and analyze tourist village management based on tourist village components in Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek. The research method used is a descriptive analysis method by comparing conditions in the field with the theory of tourist village components. The results of this research are that the management of tourist villages in Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek is still natural and there is no special tourism village management so that each village runs independently. Therefore, it is necessary to have a tourist village management institution with a cluster model so that each village complements and integrates each ODTW as a form of shared enthusiasm in managing tourist villages in Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek.
 Keywords: Tourism Village, Tourism Village Components, Institutions, Management

Ganti Kerugian Akibat Pengadaan Tanah untuk Pembangunan Jalan Tol Jambi-Rengat

The purpose of this study is to determine the form of compensation given to landowners and the efforts made to settle compensation due to land acquisition for the construction of the Jambi-Rengat toll road. The problem is: What is the form of compensation given to land owners and How are efforts made to settle compensation due to land acquisition for the construction of the Jambi-Rengat Toll Road. This research uses Empirical Law research method, with primary data from land-owning communities affected by the Jambi-Rengat toll road construction project and secondary data from laws and regulations, books and other literature. The result of this study is: that the compensation received by the community affected by the Jambi-Rengat toll road project was agreed in the form of money, even though the community has agreed to the agreement the amount of money until now has not been given from LMAN (State Asset Management Institution) to the community as land owners. Efforts that can be made to complete the provision of compensation for land acquisition for the construction of the Jambi Rengat toll road refer to Law Number 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest. This effort can be done through a non-litigation approach, with reference to deliberation to reach an agreement with a fair assessment. After the agreement has been reached, further actions can involve providing compensation budgets from LMAN (State Asset Management Institutions), then continued with the provision of compensation carried out based on applicable legal procedures.

Manajemen Pendistribusian Zakat di YBM PLN Unit Wilayah Sumatera Utara

In distributing zakat, zakat management is required which details the management of zakat given from an institution to prospective zakat recipients. Management of zakat distribution is carried out to make it easier for Amil to be directed in terms of zakat distribution in accordance with sharia principles. In this research the author tries to make research and analysis regarding the management of zakat distribution at the North Sumatra Regional Unit PLN Baitul Mall Foundation which includes planning, organizing, distributing zakat, as well as monitoring the validity of muzaki when receiving zakat, such as the validity of muzaki in terms of residence and family. , and education. The results of this research will show that the North Sumatra Regional Unit PLN Baitul Mall Foundation has become a superior ZIS (zakat, infaq, shadaqoh) management institution that is trustworthy, professional and transparent within PT PLN (Persero) in empowering mustahik to become muzaki.

Analisis Pengelolaan Dana Zakat untuk Mendorong Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Kecamatan Barumun (BAZNAS Kabupaten Padang Lawas)

Zakat is the fourth pillar of Islam that must be carried out by a Muslim who has been able to achieve the nisab that has been determined and the time of ownership has reached 1 haul. The legal basis regarding zakat is in the Al-Quran surah Al-Baqarah verse 110. The collection of zakat funds is carried out to help people in need, especially mustahik people who receive zakat. Through this research, it is hoped that it will be known how BAZNAS in Padang Lawas district carries out its duties as a zakat management institution and the extent to which BAZNAS has contributed to improving the economy of the Islamic community in the region. The results of this research can be an important input for BAZNAS and other related parties to continue to improve the effectiveness of zakat fund management and community economic empowerment. The results of this study indicate that the management of zakat funds in BAZNAS Padang Lawas district. It has 2 types of distribution of zakat funds, namely consumptive zakat and productive zakat where productive zakat has an economic program where BAZNAS provides business capital to Muslim communities who submit application proposals to the Padang Lawas district BAZNAS office to help improve the community's economy but lack the skills of mustahiq who receive zakat capital in developing their business so that they are given training for those who are really interested in running a business. In this way, it is hoped that it will reduce the failure of mustahik to receive business capital.