Institutionalized Senior Citizens Research Articles

Prevalence and associated factors of geriatric depression among institutionalised senior citizens: a cross-sectional study

Background: Ageing is an inevitable process. As a result of empty nest syndrome, the senior citizens of Kerala, are forced for institutionalization. Prevalence of mental morbidity among institutionalized senior citizens outnumbers those living in families. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric morbidities among senior citizens. The present study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with geriatric depression among institutionalized senior citizens of Ernakulam district. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of 3 months among 238 institutionalised senior citizens aged 60 years and above using geriatric depression scale- short form (GDS-SF). Data was entered and analysed using SPSS. Results: Among participants, 23.11% reported mild depression, 4.20% had moderate and 7.14% had severe depression. Chi-square test was used to study the association of various factors with geriatric depression. Previous employment status, source of income, frequency of visit by relatives, contact with relatives through phone, duration of leisure time activities and sleep quality showed a statistically significant association. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for regular screening activities. Further research is necessary on identification of modifiable risk factors.

Effect of Individual Reminiscence Therapy on Self Esteem among Institutionalized Senior Citizens in a Selected Old Age Home at Kanyakumari District

In India, Population above 60 yrs is increasing steadily and touched 13.8 crore in 2021.In Tamil Nadu 13.6 % were elders. Aging is a natural Process in life, Universal experience, time related deterioration of the physiological functions brings difficult milestones and may bring observed decline in self esteem, which are the most famous indicators of sound mind among senior citizens. Self esteem is the positivity of a person’s global evaluation of the self. Low self-esteem is an etiological factor in much psychiatric illness as well as in suicidal individuals.

The effect of "Elder Care by Elderly People Program" on life satisfaction and quality of life among institutionalized senior citizens.

INTRODUCTION:Improving participation in life meaningful roles is one of the most important predictors of quality of life (QOL) and life satisfaction (LS) in later life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Elder Care by Elderly People (ECP) on LS and QOL among institutionalized senior citizens.MATERIAL AND METHOD:This was an interventional study involving a targeted sample of 36 older adults in Ghods nursing home in Tehran in 2018. WHOQOL-OLD 24-item and LS 40-item questionnaires were used to measure LS and Olathe repeated-measures ANOVA and descriptive was employed to obtain the objectives.RESULTS:The participants were 36 older adults in Ghods nursing home. The mean age of older adults was 67.27 (standard deviation [SD] = 7.6), of whom about 77.8% were male. The mean score of QOL increased from 74.38 (SD = 13.09) pre intervention to 83.72 (SD = 11.43) 2 months post intervention, with most significant change of 9.3 QOL points between pre intervention and 2 months post intervention alone (P < 0.01). Similarly, LS increased from 114.19 (SD = 26.93) pre intervention to 133.94 (SD = 20.49) 2 months post intervention, with most significant change of 19.7 LS points between pre intervention and 2 months post intervention alone (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study showing the evidence of the positive impact of the ECP Programmed for the elderly, therefore, it is suggested that the programmer is evaluated in future studies.

Estado cognitivo y funcionalidad para las actividades básicas en el adulto mayor institucionalizado

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introducción: &lt;/strong&gt;El envejecimiento es un proceso fisiológico donde el organismo experimenta cambios de manera constante. Junto a este proceso se observa el deterioro cognitivo y disminución de la funcionalidad en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (ABVD). &lt;strong&gt;Objetivo:&lt;/strong&gt; Conocer la relación que existe entre el estado cognitivo y la funcionalidad para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria del adulto mayor (AM) institucionalizado. &lt;strong&gt;Método:&lt;/strong&gt; Estudio transversal descriptivo, con participación de 32 adultos mayores de ambos sexos. Previo consentimiento informado, se aplicaron escalas de Mini-Mental de Folstein e Índice de Barthel. Para identificar asociación entre variables se utilizó correlación de Spearman y para identificar asociación entre género se utilizó Chi-cuadrada. Un valor de P≤ 0.05 fue establecido para identificar diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. &lt;strong&gt;Resultados: &lt;/strong&gt;56.2% (n=18) fueron mujeres y 43.75% (n=14) hombres. Edad promedio fue 80.5 ± 8.97. El Índice de Barthel identificó que solamente 12.5% (n=4) eran independientes en tanto que 87.5% (n=28) presentaba algún grado de dependencia funcional. La escala de Folstein evidenció que 6.2% (n=2) eran normales y el resto (n=30) presentaba algun grado de deterioro cognitivo. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas con base a género ni para funcionalidad (p=0.45) ni para deterioro cognitivo (p=0.85) respectivamente. La correlación de Spearman evidenció r = 0.66 y p = &amp;lt; 0.0001. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusión:&lt;/strong&gt; Existe asociación del estado cognitivo con la funcionalidad para las ABVD en el AM institucionalizado, determinando que a mayor deterioro cognitivo mayor será su dependencia funcional; El género no tiene influencia sobre dicha asociación.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

A Study on Happiness and Optimism of Institutionalized Senior Citizens

The very concept of an old age home is new to India. An old age home is usually the place, a home for the old people who have no one to look after them or those who have been thrown out of their homes by their children. The place is of course like home where the inmates get all the facility for their routine living like food clothing and shelter (Owen, 2000). A tendency expect a best possible outcome or dwell on the most hopeful aspects of a situation is called optimistic. The major scope of the study was to carried out to investigate the happiness and optimism of institutionalised old people because of the rapid growth in the institutions. The tools used to were personal data sheet was used to collect the relevant data and background details of the selected samples like their gender, marital status, qualification, and social background, Oxford happiness inventory was used to assess the level of happiness of the sample, The scale consist of 29 statements which have responded with rating scale method, the level of optimism of the sample was measured using optimism pessimism scale, the scale consist of 14 statements which have positive and negative items and interpreted as low, average and high. Percentage analysis, Correlation and t test were used to analyze the results. The very concept of an old age home is new to India. An old age home is usually the place, a home for the old people who have no one to look after them or those who have been thrown out of their homes by their children. The place is of course like home where the inmates get all the facility for their routine living like food clothing and shelter (Owen, 2000). A tendency expects a best possible outcome or dwell on the most hopeful aspects of a situation is called optimistic. The major scope of the study was to carried out to investigate the happiness and optimism of institutionalised old people because of the rapid growth in the institutions. The tools used to were personal data sheet was used to collect the relevant data and background details of the selected samples like their gender, marital status, qualification , and social background, Oxford happiness inventory was used to assess the level of happiness of the sample, The scale consist of 29 statements which have responded with rating scale method, the level of optimism of the sample was measured using optimism pessimism scale, the scale consist of 14 statements which have positive and negative items and interpreted as low, average and high. Percentage analysis, Correlation and t test were used to analyze the results.

Subjective Well-Being among Institutionalized and Non- Institutionalized Senior Citizens

The concept of subjective well-being has ever been a matter of intense debate and it has always cogitated the minds of great thinkers all over the world ever since the inception of human civilization .Still it is difficult to define it comprehensively as to what constitutes good life. It varies from individual to individual as some people think material wealth is the source of happiness where as for others, it is renunciation. In fact, the Weser and the Eastern cultures are markedly different on the issue of subjective well-being as the former has always gone for how much more it can have and the later struggled for the least requirement of life. Naturally, the dichotomy is science versus religion or more precisely, it is materialism versus spiritualism. The result is that the West has developed the empirical science and the East has excelled in spirituality. Thus, the overall culture influences the mass into grasping the philosophy of subjective well-being on the average. That’s why the count on subjective well-being may be subjected to external or internal factors like sense-pleasure, human relationship, love-needs, material gain or renunciation leading to spiritual upliftment.

Qualidade de vida e espiritualidade em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas

“‘Quality of life and spirituality in institutionalized senior citizens” Associated to the aging process of our population a progressive deterioration of one’s main capabilities, especially the functional ones, which frequently result in the institutionalisation in residential care homes. is situation may viewed by the elderly as a cause for stress. Spirituality can be seen as an adaptation mechanism and it important to evaluate its relationship to the Quality of Life, which the main objective of this study. A correlational-descriptive and transversal study took place using a representative sample of senior citizens residents in a care home in the county of Viana do Castelo (n=47). Investigative protocol was used, comprising of an evaluation of the socio-demographics Quality of Life and Spirituality. Overall, the principal results of this study suggest that the elderly perceive to have a reasonable Quality of Life and, hope/faith, proved to be an important variable in the social domain of the Quality of Life.

Blood levels of lead, cadmium, and mercury in the elderly living in institutionalized care in the Czech Republic

BackgroundThere is limited research examining the chemical load of toxic metals in the elderly. The aim of the present study was two-fold: to determine the body burden of lead, cadmium and mercury in association with age, gender, locality, lifestyle factors and potential health impacts among this population and to compare the values with blood values from the general Czech population aged 18–64years. MethodsLead, cadmium and mercury were examined in the blood of institutionalized senior citizens (46 males, 151 females aged 61–100years) from two localities in the Czech Republic (Prague and Teplice) from 2009 through 2011. Measurements were made using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Pb, Cd) and a single purpose spectrometer AMA 254 (Hg). ResultsGeometric means (GM) of whole blood lead (B-Pb), cadmium (B-Cd) and mercury (B-Hg) levels were 25.3μg/l, 0.55μg/l and 0.21μg/l, respectively. No age-related differences were found for B-Pb and B-Cd levels but a negative correlation with age was observed for B-Hg levels (p=0.04). B-Pb levels in men were significantly higher than in women (GM 29.9μg/l vs. 24.1μg/l). B-Cd was significantly higher in women (GM 0.57μg/l) than in men (0.50μg/l) (p=0.007) and in smokers (GM 1.29μg/l) than in nonsmokers (GM 0.53μg/l) (p=<0.001) and in seniors from Prague (GM 0.60μg/l) compared to those from Teplice (GM 0.43μg/l) (p=<0.001). Seniors with a history of chronic kidney disease, stroke and those using psycho-pharmaceuticals had higher B-Pb levels (p=0.008, 0.04 and 0.05, resp.), seniors diagnosed with atherosclerosis had higher B-Cd levels (p=0.002) and seniors using psycho-pharmaceuticals had higher B-Hg levels (p=0.07). B-Hg levels were also positively correlated with blood albumin levels (p=0.015). ConclusionsThis study provides data on levels of heavy metals in a group of elderly people. Such information is very scarce. Associations with diseases should be the subject of further investigation.

Institutional actions based on nursing diagnoses for preventing falls in the elderly

This study aimed to propose institutional actions based on nursing diagnoses for the prevention of falls in the elderly. Qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, with 30 institutionalized senior citizens from Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. During data collection five instruments were applied from March to July 2009. One presents the elderly’s profile; aspects that favored the falls; nursing diagnoses; proposals for institutional actions to prevent falls. The nursing diagnoses were identified: impaired physical mobility, decreased ability to transfer, shower self-care deficit, dressing self-care deficit, impaired environmental interpretation syndrome, chronic confusion, impaired memory; syndrome of stress due to changes; risk of falls, risk of trauma. Through the identification of nursing diagnoses it was possible to make a proposal for institutional actions aimed at preventing falls in the elderly who reside in long-stay institutions.

Subjective Well-being Status among Institutionalized and Non-institutionalized Senior Citizens

A differential study was carried out on 140 respondents belonging to 60 years and above age group living in old age homes (n=65) and with family (n=75) and the sample was randomly selected from Hubli-Dharwad city, Karnataka with an objective to compare the level of subjective well-being among institutionalized and non-institutionalized senior citizens and to know the factors influencing subjective well-being among both senior citizens. Results of the study revealed that institutionalized senior citizens had more of well- being and non-institutionalized had more of overall subjective well- being and ill- being status. Among institutionalized, education (along with gender and age) and age (socio-economic status, financial support and family type) significantly influenced the well- being and ill- being respectively. Education (along with age, socio- economic status and financial support) and gender (along with age, socio- economic status and financial support) significantly influenced the ill- being status of non-institutionalized senior citizens. It was interesting to note that none of the variables significantly influenced the well- being status.

Trace elements in the blood of institutionalized elderly in the Czech Republic

Whole blood selenium, copper, zinc and manganese concentrations of 197 institutionalized senior citizens (46 males, 151 females) aged 61–100 years (mean age 83.6 years) were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry from two localities in the Czech Republic (Prague and Teplice) from 2009 through 2011. Geometric means (GM) of whole blood selenium (B-Se), copper (B-Cu), zinc (B-Zn) and manganese (B-Mn) levels were 74.0μg/l, 941.0μg/l, 5898.0μg/l and 10.9μg/l, respectively. Gender-related differences were found with significantly higher B-Cu levels in women and significantly higher B-Zn levels in men. The percentage of seniors with B-Se levels lower than 56μg/l (which is equivalent to the critical value of 45μg/l of Se in serum (S-Se)) was 8.6%. A negative correlation between age and B-Se levels was found. B-Zn positively correlated with serum albumin and prealbumin whereas a negative correlation between age and B-Zn was observed. Seniors with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis had higher B-Cu and B-Mn levels, respectively, than those without these diagnoses. The elderly from Prague had significantly higher B-Mn concentrations than those from Teplice. We found no evidence of serious essential elements deficiencies or excesses in the seniors who participated in this study.

Envelhecimento e percepção corporal de idosos institucionalizados

O estudo tem por objetivo verificar, nos discursos de idosos institucionalizados, quais aspectos consideram ao remeter à percepção e visão que têm de seus corpos. Utilizou-se de entrevista semiestruturada com dados sociodemográficos e uma questão sobre a percepção e visão de corpo; e a análise de conteúdo seguiu o preconizado por Lawrence Bardin. Constatou-se que 44,4%, dos nove idosos entrevistados, remetiam sua percepção de corpo positivamente. Já os discursos negativos (33,3%) evidenciaram uma forte relação com a presença de doenças. Apenas um idoso diferenciou seu discurso, associando-o a uma percepção de corpo puramente biológico. Considerando que a percepção de corpo das pessoas está permeada de significâncias adquiridas durante as experiências vividas, destacou-se que 44,4% da amostra mostraram a percepção de corpo associada a fatores estéticos. Através da análise da literatura e das entrevistas, foi possível notar que as percepções de corpo diferem significativamente, em especial nos idosos. Constatou-se uma percepção positiva de corpo, mas a pequena amostra não permitiu maiores generalizações.