Institutional Strengthening Research Articles

МЕХАНІЗМИ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ТА ПРОТИДІЇ БУЛІНГУ У ШВЕЦІЇ: АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article found out that the current legislation of this country, in general, has a preventive nature and is aimed at preventing any manifestations of bullying. It is noted that the Swedish government was one of the first to use a science-based approach to prevent and counter bullying, which, in particular, was based on systematic monitoring of the effectiveness of implemented programs and measures, as well as their evaluation. An analysis of the provisions of the relevant Law "On Education" was carried out, which establishes the obligation to report any manifestations of bullying, defines mandatory preventive actions for educational institutions, the procedure for responding to cases of bullying, its investigation and the application of appropriate measures.Separate powers of the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, and the Ministry of Labor were considered. It is indicated that to fulfill the defined functional duties, the Swedish government has established two highly specialized institutions under the Ministry of Labor – the Children's Ombudsman and the Ombudsman for Discrimination. It was found that in Sweden, bullying, which is characterized by discriminatory manifestations, is clearly separated from typical forms of bullying and is regulated by a separate law. It is noted that in Sweden, a system of control and supervision of the processes taking place in educational institutions has been formed, in particular, the body of a specialized control body – the Swedish School Inspectorate, which is a profile subject in the field of prevention and countering bullying - has been formed. It is indicated that the position of Ombudsman for children and students is being created in the structure of the Swedish School Inspectorate. An analysis of individual elements of its legal status was carried out. It is proposed to introduce a specialized anti-bullying ombudsman on the territory of Ukraine, which will objectively contribute to the necessary institutional strengthening of our country in this area.

ProKlim: Institutional Data Inventory Assistance at Site Level

The Climate Village Program (ProKlim) is a national movement for community-based climate change control and aims to build a climate-resilient society. The determination of the area to be ProKlim is determined by the results of the assessment of the National Registry System for Climate Change Control (SRN PPI). The recorded areas make it easier for the Government to collect data regarding the addition of regions that are contributors in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). Various benefits can be achieved by regions and communities that are included in the SRN and are nominated. But unfortunately many regions and communities do not know and understand what ProKlim is and its benefits are recorded in the PPI SRN. Therefore, education and assistance activities related to the data inventory needed in the SRN PPI are important to do. The method of implementing service activities is carried out in the form of education related to ProKlim and SRN PPI, Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and assistance in inventorying institutional data. The institutional aspect is the main concern of the service team because it has a weight of 40 percent of the assessment. So that institutional strengthening in terms of knowledge and assistance for managers of various ProKlim activities is very much needed. The success of climate change

Perspectiva y proyecciones de desarrollo en la Región de Moquegua, mediante el empleo de las regalías mineras y manejo de conflictos sociales

It seeks to analyze the problems that exist between the perspective, projections and development in the Moquegua region, as well as the use of mining royalties and the management of social conflicts. There is a conceptual model design where four general components that represent the sector and/or field of mining activity are considered: economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. These three pillars are generally based on Sustainable Development. While the fourth component is a Sectoral Governance, which responds to a need for public management, mainly in the capacity to achieve institutional strengthening, in order to meet the various needs of the current generation and future generations, from the Respect for the rule of law and the Constitution.The regional and local authorities were born from the anti-mining protests;however, currently and being in power, they are witnesses of the amount of money that their region has as a result of the mining canon, now they have a double discourse; one for his supporters and another formining and government companies. Particular interests are perceived, adorned with acts of corruption that do nothing but prevent the exponential momentum that Moquegua should have with megaprojects that would generate greater well-being and development inits population. It is important to review, increase and modify the minimum requirements that candidates representing political parties must meet, who will be in charge of leading the Regional Government and Local Governments, with the purpose of having leaders with expertise (knowledge and experience ) proven in public management, and they do not get to learn on the job, since it causes paralysis and leads to a lack of development throughout the Region.

Challenges of Democracy and Development in Africa, South of the Sahara

Development thrives when democratic principles and governance are exuded by leaders. There is a challenge in the democratisation processes looking at the development deficits of Africa. Postcolonial leaders of Africa, south of the Sahara have struggled desperately to live up to their political expectations—a reason why many would argue, results in the snail pace development of their respective countries. Democracy nourishes strong institutions, transparent governance, accountability and equitable distribution of resources. However, what is commonly noticed in the least developed states in Africa south of the Sahara is a practices of clientelism, prebendalism, ‘clanisation’ and patrimonialism. This paper examines the link between democracy and development. It discusses some of the lapses of political leaders and how that impedes the political, and development agendas of Africa, south of the Sahara. The discussion concludes that should Africa, south of the Saharan leaders continue to promote token gestures of democracy to the masses, their development agenda will never be met. It is, therefore, important to stress by way of recommendation, the strengthening of institutions to ght corruption, and freedom of press and citizen’s speech, be critically encouraged.

PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN BUMDES

BUMDes institutional strengthening is important in the development of Village BUMDes, The idea of ??BUMDes in Lokasi Baru Village is to synergize with the community in terms of meeting community needs, joint institutional management and increasing economic potential.
 The identification of BUMDes problems carried out includes increasing the capacity of human resources in governance, development planning and priorities and marketing strategies, creativity and innovation so that they can collaborate with other
 partners.The solutions offered in this activity are training and mentoring to increase partners' knowledge and skills in strengthening BumDes institutions, studying BumDes business concepts and planning through making proposals or business planning modules.
 The output of this activity is the formation of collaboration between BUMDes managers and the Department of Agribusiness, University of Bengkulu, identification of problems, and determining the description of BUMDes development planning for lokasi Baru Village

Gas Flaring in Nigeria: A Multi-level Governance and Policy Coherence Analysis

The unnecessary flaring of natural gas impacts public and environmental health, contributes to climate change and wastes fuel resources. Though reducing flaring is an emergent global environmental governance priority, progress has been slow. We assess gas flaring policy in the critical case of Nigeria through multi-level governance (MLG) structure. Our analysis assesses policy coherence (leading to progress in reaching shared goals) and divergence (creating tension and undermining progress) amongst sectors and institutional structures across the supranational, federal, state and local government scales. A combined dataset of documents, stakeholder interviews and expert surveys is analysed using Qualitative Document Analysis (QDA) and content analysis. We identify the principal actors involved, examine the extent of gas flaring awareness and policy coherence across multiple sectors/policy domains, and assess progress towards Nigeria’s national intended contribution and national policy on climate change mitigation. We find that policy coherence around gas flaring, including efforts towards climate change mitigation, has been slowed by political partisanship, poor governance, lack of regulatory compliance, and policy conflict between environmental protection and economic development priorities. Nigeria urgently requires inclusive involvement of stakeholder voices across multiple sectors and scales of local/regional government, the strengthening of federal institutions, a revaluation of economic aspirations through revenue diversification, and leadership that can temper the power of International Oil Companies (IOCs) to exploit the complexity of the MLG structure. These actions would help the government in improving environmental justice outcomes for flaring-affected communities.

A readiness assessment of an Indonesian pilot project: Case study Kedungputri, a premium irrigation area, Central Java

AbstractModernization in irrigation has finally touched down in Indonesia with better efforts in technological advancement, institutional strengthening and human resource enhancement. The current project in Kedungputri has proven to hold the potential for modernization. This paper answers how ready the irrigation area status is for the modernization ideal. The ambitious project is performed on a premium irrigation area, an irrigation area with a reservoir as its water source, or in this case potential reservoir as the dam is still under construction. It is a strategic project, with its upstream Bener Dam constructed by the Government of Indonesia with financing of the World Bank's SIMURP (Strategic Irrigation Modernization and Urgent Rehabilitation Project). The analysis uses purposive sampling and qualitative methodology based on existing documents and evidence of the ongoing modernization project since 2019. This readiness status is based on five pillars of the Indonesian version of irrigation modernization. The findings show that the conditions of institutional arrangements have unique and significant impacts on the readiness status, which is covered under the soft components. We urge that modernization efforts should start with the soft components.

Increasing MSME Performance Through Institutional Strengthening, Entrepreneurship, and Digital Marketing

The Indonesian economy currently lack of solid fundamentals, which has prompted the government to continue strengthening Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This industry can support the government and take on a sizable workforce. MSMEs have demonstrated they can survive and grow into the engine of the economy, especially after the financial crisis, so their survival cannot be questioned. MSMEs contribute 61.1% of the national economy's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and can absorb productive labor in Indonesia. MSMEs must be able to maintain MSME performance, survive with all their available resources, and even experience growth in this uncertain situation. Some of the issues MSMEs encounter include the lack of legal institutions. MSMEs need legal institutions because they can boost consumer confidence in the products they sell. The second issue is the change in pandemic consumer trends from offline to online for products and services. In order to maintain MSME performance under unpredictable circumstances, particularly those caused by external environmental factors, Entrepreneur Marketing (EM) is a conceptual approach that is ideal for implementation in MSMEs. The conventional marketing idea, which served as a business solution, has been replaced by the idea of entrepreneurial marketing. In order to increase MSME performance, MSMEs must also benefit from digital marketing, which tries to market through digital media to reach target consumers swiftly and precisely. This study highlights the issues that MSMEs face and how to enhance institutions, encourage entrepreneurship, and use digital marketing to improve MSME performance.

Critical and energy transition minerals in Argentina: mineral potential and challenges for strengthening public institutions

Abstract The energy transition will be mineral-intensive and the global demand for critical and energy transition minerals (ETMs) is expected to substantially rise. That will generate development opportunities and risks of intensified adverse socio-environmental impacts in mineral-rich countries like Argentina. In this article, we provide a review of Argentina's mineral potential for critical and ETMs and explore pathways for the country to strengthen its governance. Our results indicate that copper and lithium are the minerals with the largest potential in the short term. For other ETMs, such as nickel or cobalt, potential exists but it remains underexplored. We argue that although responsible sourcing initiatives and rising environmental, social and governance standards have an important role to play, the great challenge ahead for the country lies in strengthening its public institutions for sustainability as these constitute a cornerstone for responsible mining practices. This includes strengthening of environmental institutions and water governance, new models of public participation and decision-making and policies for the development of local suppliers in key areas such as water governance. Addressing such challenges should be grounded on a vision of mining as a platform for broad-based development under co-operation with other sectors and the domestic science, technology and innovation system.

Dakwah Sosial Muhammadiyah pada Penyintas Gempa Sulawesi Barat: Studi Kasus di Dusun Ahu

Research on: Muhammadiyah Social Da'wah for Earthquake Survivors in Ahu Hamlet, besides aiming to find out the patterns and approaches of Muhammadiyah social da'wah to related communities, also critically analyzes the orientation and goals of the da'wah movement in question. The research data were obtained through participatory observation, in-depth interviews and document review. The data obtained were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman paradigm combined with the Von Eckarberg hermeneutic phenomenological analysis model. Referring to the description and analysis of the research data, it is concluded that MDMC's active mitigation efforts for earthquake survivors in Ahu were not only full of social activities, but also filled with preaching. The transmission of values and morals as one of the goals of da'wah, is implemented with an integral comprehensive pattern and approach. That is a pattern that combines verbal appeals (dakwah bi al-lisan) with real action on the ground (dakwah bi al-hal/amal). It is in this context that Muhammadiyah preaching for the survivors of Dusun Ahu is not just an appeal but at the same time running an institutional capacity strengthening program, with the aim that the survivors are able to face the reality of natural disasters that befall them with a positive attitude. MDMC's social da'wah movements and activities are oriented towards strengthening and dynamic social change, taking sides with weak and marginal groups and strengthening civil society for universal human progress and welfare, regardless of ethnic background, religion and organizational affiliation. Thus MDMC's active social preaching in the mitigation space is inclusive.Keywords: Da'wah, Muhammadiyah, Earthquake Survivors.

PPDM Design for Optimizing the Potential Development of The Children’s Character Deserving in Menayu Village, Muntilan Sub District, Magelang

Menayu Village is a village in Muntilan Sub district, Magelang which has been designated and established as the Children - Friendly Village. There are 6 indicators in the form of clusters in order to create the children – friendly village, namely; the realization of institutional strengthening clusters. The purpose of this activity is to form an organization that supports and strengthens the realization of the children - friendly village through various approaches to the community. The method to be used in achieving these goals is a participatory community empowerment (PRA) model. This method was chosen based on the consideration that the one who has or faces a problem is a partner, therefore the involvement of partners in determining the solution to the problem at hand and its solution is very much needed. Its activities include identification of problems, identification of resources owned, delivery of identification results, alternative solutions and problem solving as well as monitoring evaluation. The results obtained from this activity are the formation of The children - friendly village task force in Menayu Village, the involvement of the community and religious leaders in the institution of the Children - Friendly Village, the preparation of the Children - Friendly Village action plan, the formation of a Youth Information Center, Counseling and Youth Family Development. Conclusion: the effort to realize the children - friendly village must begin with institutional strengthening to ensure the sustainability of the children - friendly village program.

KONSEP PEMBERDAYAAN PENINGKATAN EKONOMI PEMBUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPETEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT)

Generally, the income of seaweed farmers just able to be used for their daily needs, so this study aims to find a concept for increasing farmers income which is planned, systematic and sustainable. This condition must also rely on the ability of seaweed farmers to manage their business optimally. This study used a survey method. 57 seaweed farmers as respondent are selected with random technique. The concept of empowerment in increase the economy of seaweed farmers in accordance with the conditions in West Seram District are assistance of: capital, infrastructure development, mentoring, institutional strengthening and business partnerships.

Uloga države u posebnim okolnostima

The role of state administration and its public institutions in certain circumstances represents one of the most significant issues in the last twenty years following the serious security crisis caused by terrorist attacks in New York on 11 September 2001. The accent of public administration reforms was on efficiency and effectiveness of public institutions. Reforms were divided into deregulation and liberalization of public services, territorial decentralization, and regionalization with the strengthening of local government institutions and reform of central government administration. After the security crisis in 2001, financial crisis in 2008 and health crisis in 2020, the role of state institutions and public authorities in governing the state was redefined. The leading motives of general liberalization of public services, deregulation, and various forms of decentralization of public institutions abounded due to the new doctrinal approach of governmental organization. New strengthening of public authorities and public institutions became the new mainstream in the organization and functioning of the state. This paper analyzes how the role of the state can be modified due to the dynamics of social, political, and economic changes in society. New governmental reforms are contrary to earlier political and administrative measures, which include the strengthening of public institutions and concentration of public authorities. The government takes on a regulatory function in many aspects of social, political, and economic life. This situation leads to a new organization of the state, where public authorities take on a significant part of the responsibility to regulate various aspects of economic and social activities. At the focus of this paper will be how the dynamics of specific circumstances in society can affect the developing processes of the state and their public institutions. Those processes have economic, social, and political dimensions. The economic dimension includes regulatory measures on the market which contributes to development of the framework for economic development. The social dimension includes measures of social policy focused on improving the social position of citizens according to the economic development of society. The political dimension includes various aspects of security policy, with various protective measures in the community, which depends on the type of treatment for security of citizens.

Capacity Needs Assessment for Implementation of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in the Cardamom Value Chain of Nepal's Mountain Regions: Results of a Survey Study

The HKH region presents an immense opportunity for implementing decentralized, sustainable energy solutions that rely on renewable energy sources. However, the region remains vulnerable to energy poverty due to inadequate capacity at various levels for deploying renewable energy and energy efficiency (RE&EE) solutions in mountainous areas. To achieve sustainable economic, social, and environmental performance, a thorough understanding of capacity development in RE&EE deployment within the value chain concept is crucial. This paper introduces a capacity needs assessment framework for the mountainous context, which was developed and applied to Nepal's cardamom value chain to explore the interplay of different core capabilities at individual and organizational levels. The survey study aimed to identify the specific capacity requirements necessary for the effective deployment of RE&EE solutions in the cardamom value chain. The analysis revealed significant capacity development needs on core capabilities affecting RE&EE deployment within the value chain, including technical skills, knowledge transfer, institutional strengthening, and policy development. The study also identifies challenges encountered when implementing RE&EE solutions in the cardamom value chain, such as financial constraints, technical challenges, and lack of awareness and education. Based on the study's findings, policymakers can design and implement effective capacity development initiatives that address the identified gaps and challenges and promote the deployment and implementation of RE&EE solutions in Nepal's mountain regions. This framework's applicability can extend to other value chains, such as tourism, dairy, poultry, and transportation sectors, by considering appropriate study dimensions and key indicators for value chain analysis.

Investigating the Controlled Wood Harvesting Efficiency of Logging Operation in Akure Forest Reserve

This study attempts to investigate the controlled wood harvesting efficiency in Akure Forest Reserve in Ondo State. Specifically, the study determined the efficiency of the harvesting method being adopted in the study area. A reconnaissance survey and measurement were carried out in the study area, where data on fifty (50) trees felled were randomly selected. Tree growth variables such as the height and diameter at the base, middle, and top of both the standing trees and the extracted logs were obtained using a Spiegel relaskop and measuring tape, as well as the effective working time using a stopwatch. The diameter of the standing trees to be harvested was grouped into classes of <30cm, 30-40cm, 41-50cm, 51-60cm, 61-70cm, and >70cm. The volume, efficiency, and productivity were estimated along the different diameter classes. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Our results showed that the efficiency of the harvesting method adopted at Akure Forest Reserve was about 52%, with an average volume of 0.68m3 per log, an average effective working time per log of 0.029 hours, and a productivity of 27.43 m3/hour. The harvesting efficiency recorded was reasonably high compared to other values obtained from the previous studies for other forest reserves in Nigeria. This result can be attributed to some factors that include the experience of the operator, the equipment condition, and the environmental condition during the operation. The study, therefore, concludes and recommends that efficiency can be improved by investing in human capacity building and institutional strengthening in order to increase output, which will in turn help to meet the demand for wood products from forests.

The North-West Women Empowerment Forum (NOWWEF): an Institutional Strengthening in Women Development in the North-West Region of Cameroon, 2005 – 2015

Before the 1990s, the role of North-West women in the economic activities of the province was very minimal. They were mainly involved in the food production sector, which did not contribute much to the family’s cash income. The 1990 laws of freedom of association in Cameroon (Law N0 90/053/19/12/1990) were an impetus for the formation of women’s groups, whose activities now form the bedrock of rural livelihoods. Thus, the North-West Women Empowerment Forum (NOWWEF) as a National Women’s Forum was created in 2007 with objectives to advance the leadership, cultural, and economic empowerment of women in the North-West Region (NWR). This forum connects women of significant and diverse achievement for the purpose of idea exchange, inspiration, and learning. As an empirical study of the situation of women in the North-West of Cameroon, this paper is particularly focused on the women’s struggle to empower themselves and improve their quality of life through engagement and how the government and other development partners are helping to promote this.Thus, it also aims at in-depth descriptions of the activities of NOWWEF, which stands as an umbrella that unites all the women from different areas of the region and also acts as an institutional strengthening for gender equality and women’s empowerment in the region. Content analysis has been adopted in the collection and processing of data. Our materials embody both primary and secondary data collected from private archives, interviews, books, journals, articles, and academic works.

Predicting determinant factors and development strategy for tourist villages

Tourist village program is one development priority program for rural development. Despite numerous opportunities to develop tourist villages such as the availability of natural resources and high demand for tourist villages recently, some challenges are still faced to develop tourist villages, especially in a developing country such as Indonesia. Governance problems, infrastructure, and effective partnership are among other factors that remain challenging in developing tourist villages. This study attempts to identify factors that determine the state of tourist villages in Indonesia and determine the appropriate strategies for better tourist village development. Using the case of tourist villages in Kedung Ombo, Central Java, a water based attractive tourist village, this study uses both machine learning and multicriteria approaches by means of Promethee in order to address the objective of the study. This study shows that government support, application of information technology, infrastructure, local participation, partnership, and attractive variations, are among the determinant factors that affect tourist village development. The study also reveals that the appropriate strategies for tourist village development include, improving infrastructure, institutional strengthening, and capacity building. This study could be used to assist local national as well as sub-national governments to effectively manage tourist villages in Indonesia.

«Eastern Partnership» project: current problems and development prospects

The issues of developing the Eastern Partnership, created on the initiative of the European Union to develop integration ties with the countries of the post-Soviet space, were considered. The article analyzes the eastern dimension of European Neighborhood Policy – the Eastern Partnership (SC) based on official government documents and expert assessments. The CCS mainly refers to socio-economic cooperation. The initiative will involve EU member states and six Eastern European partner countries – Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. The Eastern Partnership is aimed at the conclusion of association agreements by the countries of the post-Soviet space with the EU. The cooperation program included the states of Eastern Europe and Transcaucasia. Cooperation within the framework of the Eastern Partnership is aimed at such priority areas as economic development, strengthening of management institutions; development of contacts in the energy sector, expansion of contacts between people. In relations with partner countries, the EU looks at each individual country from the perspective of a differentiated approach policy. The main tasks of the SC are the rapprochement and deepening of cooperation between the states of Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus with the European Union, the creation of conditions for the further promotion of political community and economic integration both between the EU and the SC States and between the Rs States. The article analyzes the current stage of development of the» Eastern Partnership « and the main results of the participation of these states in the program.

State and Islam in Syria: Evolution of Administration Practices in Independence Age

The article is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of relations between Syrian political authorities and ‘ulama’ in the period of independent development of the country. The primarily sources of the study were both official Syrian documents and media materials, as well as expert interviews of the author with representatives of the Syrian Ministry of Awqaf and civil society. The research methodology is based on approaches developed within the framework of the theory of social orders, the theory of the economics of religion and the theory of political systems. The article consists of three sections. The first section deals with the methodological problems of studying the relationship between political powers and religious elites in the Arab world. Here I propose a combined research approach. In the second part of the article, I test this approach in the analysis of the dynamics of relations between political authorities and ‘ulama’ in the second half of the 20th century. I show that, on the one hand, there was a gradual integration of the ‘ulama’ into the political system, an increase in the administrative rent received by them and a reduction in the resource rent, which led to a shortage of supply in relations between them and a wide circle of believers. This shortage of supply created opportunities for the promotion of alternative religious leaders. At the same time, despite the gradual strengthening of the government institutions, the ‘ulama’ retained significant independence in relations with the government and did not perceive themself as a simple part of the state apparatus. In the third part of the article, I consider the transformation of relations that have taken place in the context of the armed conflict, and analyze the new role of the Ministry of Awqaf. In conclusion, the question is raised about the independent role of the ‘ulama’ in the Syrian elite and the place of the Ministry in the political system.

Continuum of explaсations of modernization of ecological administration and management in the conditions of power decentralization

It is stated that implementation of local ecological policy requires development of ecological administration and management systems. It is substantiated that modernization of ecological administration and management in the conditions of decentralization of power can be considered as: space-time, hierarchical and orientational continuum. It is summarized that the scientific explanation of the continuity of modernization of ecological administration and management in the conditions of decentralization of power, the significance of such modernization and the vectors of its implementation forms a scientific product that will bring benefits through its implementation in the practical plane regarding the strengthening of various institutions, first of all, the institution of the state, and the provision of local ecological development . Introduction. The conditions of decentralization of power determine the exceptional significance of modernization of ecological administration and management, the result of which should be: an effective local environmental policy implemented with the involvement of the public in solving environmental issues; active, internally motivated and ecologically oriented activities of business entities. Goal. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the continuum of explications for modernization of ecological administration and management in the conditions of decentralization of power. Method (methodology). To achieve the goal, a set of research methods was used: theoretical - analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization and generalization of the conceptual provisions of the researched issues presented in the scientific literature. Results. The environmental sphere is influenced by scientific and technical, social, economic, legal and other factors that change, and therefore ecological administration and management must undergo modernization. Sphere of application of research results. The obtained results are applied in the theoretical and practical planes regarding modernization of ecological administration and management in the conditions of decentralization of power, improvement of the implementation of local ecological policy. Conclusions. The effectiveness of implementation of the ecological policy in the conditions of decentralization of power largely depends on the participants (subjects) of ecological management, the tools used by them. The influence of factors of the changing environment makes adjustments, and therefore ecological administration and management must be modernized.