Influence Of Institutions Research Articles

Screenwriting, Industry, and Power. Review of Steven Maras Scenariul De Film. Istorie, Teorie Și Practică

The review explores the translation and significance of Steven Maras’s Screenwriting: History, Theory, and Practice into Romanian, emphasizing its relevance within the global academic and filmmaking landscape. Maras’s theoretical approach, influenced by Foucault and cultural studies, offers insights applicable beyond Hollywood, including to Romanian filmmaking practices. Despite differences between Hollywood and Romanian cinema, Maras’s work prompts critical reflection on power dynamics, institutional influences, and the visibility of screenwriters. It aids teaching by focusing it towards understanding screenwriting as a blueprint for production, highlighting the industrial dimensions of the craft.

Revision of a self-assessment tool for research ethics committees in low- and middle-income countries: Incorporation of elements that safeguard participants' rights and welfare.

Evaluating the quality of research ethics committees (RECs) is crucial but challenging due to the difficulty of developing meaningful quality measures. Recently, commentators assessed ten quality instruments for RECs, including the Research Ethics Committee Quality Assurance Self-Assessment Tool developed for RECs in the Arab Middle East. They identified several missing items in this tool regarding safeguarding participants' rights and welfare. To address these gaps, we aimed to redesign the tool. Using the Delphi method, we involved 15 REC chairs to provide feedback and recommendations for a revised tool. This process led to a modified instrument that incorporated the missing items and additional elements regarding the monitoring of research conduct (an essential oversight function of RECs), and the independence of the RECs from institutional and external influences. We conclude that the revised tool effectively addresses the quality of RECs by including elements relevant to participant outcomes, board deliberations, and participant protection. The added focus on ethics oversight enhances its robustness, significantly impacting participants' rights and welfare.

Business Transformation in a Distinctive Institutional Setting: A Study of Regional Development Banks in Indonesia

Limited research exists on business transformation strategy within the Indonesian banking sector, particularly regarding regional development banks, which play a crucial role in regional economic advancement. This study investigates the drivers of successful business transformation in Indonesian RDBs and their impact on organizational performance, examining the moderating role of regional government intervention. Employing structural equation modeling, the study analyzed data from 255 branch managers across 27 RDBs. Results reveal that talent development, transformational leadership, and digital adoption significantly drive successful business transformation, which in turn enhances organizational performance. Contrary to expectations, regional government intervention did not demonstrate a moderating effect. This study provides valuable insights for RDB managers and policymakers, emphasizing the imporace of talent development, leadership, and digital adoption as key pillars of successful transformation and highlighting the need for a nuanced understanding of institutional influences within this sector.

Intergovernmental organizations and entrepreneurship: understanding the relationship between the supranational, national, and individual level

AbstractIntergovernmental organizations (IGOs), such as the World Trade Organization, the United Nations Trade and Development and the World Bank, promote stability, security and development for member states and their citizens via supranational institutional influences. However, their influence on individuals, especially their entrepreneurial business activities, is unclear. As policymakers decide when more (or less) IGO involvement best serves their countries and citizens, we must better understand the connection of the supranational, national, and individual levels. Thus, we study how IGO membership influences entrepreneurial opportunities and focus on two activities that impact a country’s economy differently: formal and informal entrepreneurship. Moreover, we identify how national institutional ecologies build the bridge between the supranational and the individual level and mediate the relationships. Using a sample of 68 countries, their entrepreneurial environment, and their connection to IGOs, we find that IGO memberships enhance opportunities for entrepreneurship. Moreover, IGOs promote formal entrepreneurial activities while discouraging informal entrepreneurial activities, mediated by the country’s institutional ecology. We combine insights from international relations, institutional theory, and strategic entrepreneurship to highlight how institutions at different levels influence entrepreneurial opportunities and discuss the policy implications of our findings.

Board Performance of Fisheries Graduates: Logistic Regression Analysis for Curriculum Enhancement

This study investigates the factors affecting the board performance of Bachelor of Science in Fisheries (BSFi) graduates in the fisheries technologists licensure exams in a specific region of the Philippines. The impetus for this research arose from observed variations in exam performance among graduates, prompting an examination of educational and institutional influences on success. The study used a purposive sampling technique to gather data from 138 respondents across State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) who took their first licensure exam from October 2018 to October 2023. A validated online survey questionnaire assessed academic performance, teaching methods, curriculum, faculty qualifications, library resources, laboratory facilities, and student characteristics. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the relationship between these independent variables and licensure exam performance. The findings of this study are of profound importance, as they reveal strong correlations between faculty qualifications and exam outcomes, emphasizing the need for continuous professional development. Moreover, the study identifies improved laboratory facilities and a robust curriculum as critical factors contributing to student success. These insights have the potential to significantly impact stakeholders, informing them about essential areas for intervention and improvement. Ultimately, they aim to elevate the educational experience and licensure performance of BSFi graduates, thus supporting their professional trajectories in the fisheries sector.

Understanding the aims of education from a perspective of social ecology

Introduction. The article discusses the features of approaches to understanding issues in the philosophy of education, based on the principles and data of social ecology. Such environmentalist approaches, anticipated in E. Haeckel’s works, are actively developing today, which is reflected, in particular, in the existence of specialized periodicals and the formation of special thematic spaces for discussion.Purpose setting. The authors attempt to identify the socio- philosophical foundations of environmentalist approaches to education. At the center of the discussion presented in the article are environmentalist judgments regarding the question of the goals of education.Methodology and methods of the study. To solve this problem, the authors carry out a content-critical and comparative analysis of environmental solutions presented in domestic and foreign literature.Results. It is shown that from a socio-philosophical point of view, the environmentalist understanding of the relationship between the spheres of public life is not without interest. Many of the supporters of this direction make critical judgments regarding the influence of economic social institutions on the functioning of society and its development. Environmental problems, for which the educational transformations proposed by environmentalists are aimed at finding solutions, are determined from their point of view by social factors. In fact, environmental themes are used by environmentalists to argue for different views on education, based on differing attitudes not only of a theoretical but also of a political nature.Conclusion. The analysis carried out shows that it is advisable to consider environmentalism and social ecological philosophy of education as a thematically homogeneous complex of substantively different solutions. Such approaches are the result of reflection on the classical problems of philosophy of education with the help of «ecological» values and cognitive attitudes.

Factors influencing sport persistence still represent a knowledge gap – the experience of a systematic review

Investigating sport persistence can make a significant contribution to a thorough examination and understanding of the factors underlying an athlete’s activity, integrating physical activity, sports motivation and commitment. This systematic review aimed to detect the papers focusing on the factors influencing sport persistence following the levels of Bronfenbrenner’s and Bauman’s ecological models. Following the PRISMA guidelines, by the EBSCO Discovery Service Search Engine, 512 records were detected, of which 21 met the criteria. Factors influencing sport persistence show a huge variety. Individual factors and micro-system level were overrepresented. Meso- and macro-level factors are underrepresented and measured only with other (individual or micro-system level) factors. Most factors detected at the individual (e.g. gender, age, career-related variables and positive psychological factors), micro- (e.g. family, peers and coaches), meso- (e.g. climate), and macro-level (cultural, societal, and institutional influences) were positively correlated with sport persistence, i.e. supporting the persistent behaviour of the athletes regarding participating in one’s sporting activity. In conclusion, there is still room for further research concerning sport persistence. Including variables belonging to the meso- and macro-system and conducting longitudinal research should be considered which would allow us to better understand the nature of sport persistence.

Partnering in construction re-visited: gauging progress in industry practice and prospects for advances in academic research

Despite the ubiquity of partnering and alliancing in industry discourse and academic research, questions remain about the extent of transformational change within the sector towards more collaborative working. Revisiting earlier work that highlighted issues, problems and dilemmas of partnering related to definitional ambiguities, conflicting (commercial) orientations and cultural reach and readiness, this paper highlights continuing problems of definition, formalization, translation and performance. Attention is directed towards the lack of external validation and institutionalization, as well as the need for more comparative analysis, situated understanding, awareness of organizational pluralism and recognition of relational dynamics. From this critical review, a framework is presented that embraces the variety and indeterminacy in the many definitions, pathways to collaboration, realizations in practice and evaluative recipes used. Partnering is presented instead as being constituted through complex and interacting bundles of practices that cut across levels of interaction, and which reflect competing (and contested) institutional influences, situated practices, outcomes/effects and performance evaluations. This practice-based approach is more attuned to the diversity and fluidity of the institutional contexts, organizational processes, and project/programme settings wherein partnering is situated and through which it is instantiated, and thus affords new avenues of research into its nature and effects.

Research on Brand Communication Methods of Public Cultural Institutions

This article explores the branding communication methods of public cultural institutions, analyzing the roles and impacts of traditional media, new media communication, event promotion, collaborative communication, and word-of-mouth marketing. Through case studies, the article illustrates how to enhance the social influence and cultural outreach of public cultural institutions. For small to medium-sized public cultural institutions, the article proposes communication strategies based on brand positioning, resource integration, and cross-industry collaboration, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for improving brand communication effectiveness.

Using punctuated equilibrium theory to explain changes in policy outputs: The case of the United States Coast Guard

AbstractThis article explores the utility of punctuated equilibrium (PE) theory in explaining revolutionary organizational change in the public sector and its effects on policy implementation, with a focus on the United States Coast Guard. We illustrate our model using data from in‐depth interviews with current and former senior Coast Guard officers and enlisted personnel, as well as secondary sources such as historical accounts and budget data. Through content analysis, we argue that PE theory begins with a change in the public sector organization's external environment, which then affects organizational strategy, structure, power distribution, and outputs. Punctuated equilibrium theory proves to be a valuable lens for understanding policy outputs in relation to organizational change.Related ArticlesKwon, Sung‐Wook, and Sylvia Gonzalez‐Gorman. 2019. “Influence of Local Political Institutions on Policy Punctuation in Three Policy Areas.” Politics & Policy 47(2): 300–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12295.Neill, Katharine A., and John C. Morris. 2012. “A Tangled Web of Principals and Agents: Examining the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill through a Principal–Agent Lens.”Politics & Policy 40(4): 629–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2012.00371.x.Peng, Peiwen, and Tangzhe Cao. 2023. “Attention, Institutional Friction, and Punctuated Equilibrium in China's Budget: Changes in Social Security and Employment Expenditure.” Politics & Policy 51(2): 256–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12523.

Changes Take Place in Stages! A Gradational Perspective on the Influence of Homeowners Associations on the Adoption of Wildlife-Friendly Landscape Maintenance

Lack of demand for professional wildlife-friendly landscape maintenance (WFLM) is not well understood, and further complicated by institutional and non-institutional influences. Framed by the Transtheoretical Model of Change, this study evaluated behaviors and perceptions pertaining to WFLM. A cross-sectional research design with quota sampling gathered stage of change, perceived motivators and barriers, processes of change, and self-efficacy from 1,219 Florida residents who hired a professional for landscape maintenance services. Comparisons were conducted to disentangle the relationship between living in a homeowners association and requesting WFLM. More residents were in earlier pre-action stages than later behavioral stages. There were stronger perceptions of some external barriers and motivators among homeowners association residents with perceptions of neighbors’ expectations being the greater motivator and barrier among this audience segment. Findings reveal a need to support residents in earlier stages of behavior change and integrate social norms into behavior change programs, especially within homeowners associations.

Institutional shaping of CDE implementation in BIM-enabled AEC projects

The common data environment (CDE) for information sharing is one of the fundamental requirements for effective workflow management to harness the potential of building information modeling (BIM). While studies are replete on BIM from a technology adoption perspective, notably lacking in the literature is the understanding of the influence of institutions and their pressures on CDE adoption as an information management platform. This study aims to address this gap. Using the action research approach, a flagship university construction project in India was studied to understand the interplay of institutions and CDE adoption. Institutional theory was used as a theoretical lens to illuminate and analyze the implementation issues of CDE. The findings show that CDE implementation undergoes a series of transformations due to institutional pressures. The responses to institutional pressures are conformance, coupling and decoupling, and mutations. Insights of this study guide practitioners to be aware of the processes through which institutional pressures contextualize and transform the intended change. Accordingly, findings can help managers and public sector agents on aspects related to nudging and shaping the implementation of change through action strategies and tactics. The study extends the BIM adoption/localization literature by highlighting that institutional pressures modify the objectives of CDE. It theorizes the processes through which institutional pressures contextualize and transform a change agenda.

Black Carbon in Climate Studies: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Topics

Black carbon is a short-lived climate warming agent and serves as a crucial factor influencing the climate. Numerous models, observations, and laboratory studies have been conducted to quantify black carbon’s direct or indirect impacts on the climate. Here, we applied bibliometric analysis to identify research trends and key topics on black carbon in the climate field. Based on the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection database, a total of 4903 documents spanning the period from 2000 to 2023 were retrieved and screened, focusing on the topic of black carbon in the climate field, resulting in the Black-Carbon Climate Local (BCL) dataset. Our study examines the influence and trends of major countries, institutions, and authors in this field. The results show that China and the United States hold leading positions in terms of the number of publications. Based on keyword networks, the BCL dataset is segmented into six distinct research directions, and representative keywords of each direction include biomass burning, radiative forcing, air pollution, aerosol optical depth, optical properties, and biochar. This study helps to identify the current research status and trends of black carbon in the climate, highlighting main research directions and emerging topics.

Understanding Tax Morale: A Critical Review of Its Impact on Compliance and Policy

This research aims to analyse tax morale’s effect on compliance, focusing on socioeconomic, cultural, and institutional influences, particularly in developing economies. We utilise a literature review to explore theoretical and empirical insights into tax morale and compliance, assessing the impact of trust, fairness, and governance. Key factors like government trust and fairness perceptions are identified as crucial to tax morale. We also highlight the role of corporate governance in shaping compliance strategies. This study enhances understandings of tax morale’s determinants and compliance implications, offering a theoretical framework for future research. As such, we recommend policy and educational measures to improve tax morale and compliance, emphasising the importance of trust and fairness. However, the review’s scope is limited to available literature, suggesting empirical research is needed to validate these findings further. Keywords: board of directors, determinants of tax morale, tax compliance, tax morale

Institutional fragmentation and smallholder irrigation performance: a case of Mkoba and Silalatshani Irrigation Schemes, Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT The study sought to understand the influence of institutions on irrigation infrastructure utilization using two irrigation schemes in Zimbabwe. The results show that duplication, overlap and fragmentation of mandates across institutions reduce the influence of formal rules while increasing the influence of socially embedded institutions yet without an official change of roles. Such conditions weaken cooperation among the irrigators and hinder infrastructure utilization and maintenance. Attention to reducing institutional fragmentation while giving space for collective efforts and other ways of knowing and doing irrigation may improve infrastructure utilization in irrigated agriculture.

Role of Microfinance Institutions in Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Kebridehar City, Ethiopia: A Case of Rays Microfinance Institution

This study investigated the influence of microfinance institutions (MFIs) on the development of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Kebridehar City Administration. The objective was to assess the role of MFIs in the growth of MSEs, specifically focusing on aspects such as loan provision, financial skills training, role modelling and savings mobilisation. The researchers collected data from 170 MSEs that utilised the services of MFIs, using both secondary and primary sources. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyse the data, revealing that loans, financial skills training, savings mobilisation and role modelling all had a significant impact on the growth of MSEs in the city. This study enhances our understanding of how these factors contribute to the development of MSEs.

Perspectives of Experts in the Selection of Contents for a Course of Differential Equations in Engineering

This study investigates the teaching of Differential Equations in engineering education, focusing on expert opinions from diverse institutional backgrounds. The primary objectives were to understand expert perspectives on essential course content, justify their content choices, measure institutional gaps, and highlight the range of professional profiles. Through qualitative interviews with nine experts from academia and industry, we explored their views on the integration of Differential Equations in engineering curricula. The findings reveal a consensus on the importance of basic concepts to support physical models. Notably, experts highlighted variational calculus and energy representations as critical yet underrepresented areas in Differential Equations courses, essential for modeling complex, nonlinear problems. The study also states on the growing importance of computational methods and software in engineering education, advocating for an integrated approach aligning theoretical concepts with real-world applications. The expert opinions revealed a significant institutional influence on content perception, demonstrating a gap between traditional theoretical focus and modern, application-oriented approaches. The study suggests a need for curricular innovation in differential equations education, emphasizing practical applications and computational methods to bridge this gap between the two institutions considered in which the experts are adhered to.

Try a Little Tendering: Institutional, Political, and Financial Influence on Local Contracting in Norway

ABSTRACT The motivations behind local government contracting are an area of theoretical and empirical interest that can shed light on the forces shaping decision-making in public organizations. This paper examined the role of policy diffusion, political factors, and fiscal stress for local contracting. We used local government data from Norway in the period 2004–2016 containing information on whether the municipal administration used competition in 15 service areas during the last election period. The results indicate that policy diffusion played a significant role in competitive tendering for social services and that municipalities governed by liberal-conservative parties had a higher use of tendering.

Bridging the Gender Gap in NEET Risk: Institutional Influences on NEET Status in Different Age Groups

Utilizing the Survey of Adult Skills from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) and the OECD database, this study investigates the role of gender inequality and public social spending in the gender gap in Not in Employment, Education, or Training (NEET) risk across various age cohorts. The research identifies a concentration of female NEETs aged 25 to 34 in nations with more pronounced gender employment gaps, whereas such disparities were not evident among the 15 to 24 age groups. In exploring the role of public social spending as a mitigating factor for the gender-based NEET rate gap, the study underscores that investments in education, labor market activation, and early childhood education serve as key factors in reducing gender discrepancies in the likelihood of NEET status.

The impact of financial policy on the sustainable development of business entities in post-pandemic Georgia

Financial institutions form a strong link in the chain of business operations of the modern world; in addition, they may also be thought of as a binder. During the Covid -19 pandemic the financial institutions all over the world, and in Georgia as well, faced a number of problems and challenges: on one hand, there was a large number of consumers and mortgage loans to individuals, and on the other hand, loans issued to business entities for working capital and fixed assets, real estate purchase and other purposes turned out to form the major part of their loan portfolio. The pandemic has led the natural persons, as well as legal entities into a force majeure situation, while the decisions of financial institutions were crucial for their viability. However, the purpose of the study is to consider the impact of lending policies on business entities and their development processes. The paper discusses the policies of financial institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic and the post-pandemic period, the chronology of the decisions made and the outcomes of such decisions based on available official data, also the impact of lending on business entities and identifies modern trends and challenges. The research methodology was determined based on the research objectives and included the following methods: the paper analyzes the decisions made by the National Bank of Georgia before and after the pandemic, in relation with the official data on loans and financial transactions that the National Bank generated. Within the framework of the research, in order to determine the level of influence of the financial institutions on current economic processes in Georgia, the paper analyzes the results of their activities, which are based on official data from the National Bank of Georgia and empirical material collected. Keywords: Financial institutions; Lending policy; National Bank of Georgia; Post-pandemic economic policy; JEL Classification: G2; G21; E5; E58; E6; Acknowledgement: „This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia, (SRNSFG) Grant number YS-22-548, Project title - “The crisis of small and medium business subjects and its prevention in the post-pandemic period in Georgia“.