Institute Of Hydrobiology Research Articles

Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society: A global integration of aquatic ecosystems research and development

Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management Society: A global integration of aquatic ecosystems research and development

食物链长度理论研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 食物链长度理论研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201209181312 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（31170439）；国家科技重大专项资助项目（2012ZX07101-001-04，2012ZX07501-001-06） Food chain length theory：a review Author: Affiliation: Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:食物链长度（Food chain length，FCL）是生态系统中最重要的特点之一，它通过改变生物间的营养关系，影响着生物多样性，群落的结构以及稳定性；它是反映食物网物质转换与能量传递的综合指数，食物链及其动态特征是生态学许多重要理论的基础，食物链长度理论的研究进展，推动了人们对水域生态系统中生物和非生物相互作用的理解。回顾了食物链长度的3种度量方法及其详细的计算方法，在此基础上简述了各方法的特点。综述了食物链长度的决定因素的4种假说（资源可利用性假说、生产力空间假说、生态系统大小假说、动态稳定性假说）及其交互作用，重点总结了湖泊食物链长度的空间格局与决定因素的研究进展。最后，食物链长度研究展望，包括食物链长度决定因子研究存在的问题及发展方向的总结，以及在在水域生态学中的应用的研究进展，例如食物链长度在指示污染物的生物富集中的研究进展、食物链食物链长度在指导生物操作、以及在食物链长度在对气候变化响应方面的研究进展等等。 Abstract:Food-chain length (FCL)is a significant ecosystem index. It can influence the biodiversity, pattern and stability of the biological community by altering trophic interactions within it. Food chains are caricatures of communities that trace linear either energy or the effect strength pathways from primary producers to apex predators embedded within more complex food webs. And Food chains are also the basis for many important concepts in ecology. In the last few years, innovative process-level studies have been expanding rapidly. Food chain length theory to ecological research is becoming increasing common and to significant new levels of understanding of ecological processes and elemental fluxes through biological and abiotic systems. Food webs represent a road map of feeding relationships in ecological community and can be defined in at least three different ways. we defined three commonly used operational definitions of FCL and reviewed the method measuring of the three kind of food chain length including the characteristics. Conventional wisdom holds that either resource availability or disturbance limit food-chain length; however, new researches and new techniques challenge the conventional wisdom and broaden the discourse on food-chain length. We reviewed four hypotheses on the determinant of FCL including resource availability hypothesis, productivity space hypothesis, ecosystem size hypothesis and dynamic stability hypothesis and the relation among these hypotheses. In this article, we discussed the evidence for controls on FCL in freshwater ecosystems. Recent results suggest that resource availability limits food-chain length only in system that the resource availability is very low. Different defines of ecosystem size can cause different result about the ecosystem size hypothesis. And ecosystem size controls food chain length only at local region, while at the global pattern the relationship between ecosystem size and food chain length is very weak. The independence and interaction between four hypotheses indicate the complexity and diversity of food chain length controls in ecosystems. Food-web structure is closely relevant to the functioning of ecosystems. We further synthesized the spatial pattern and determinants of FCL in lake ecosytems as a empirical complementation to the theoretical study. So the factors that control or alter food webs are more and more considered in managing, conserving, and restoring aquatic ecosystems. At the last part of this study, we reviewed the problems in the recent research on this issue and looked into the meaningful research in the future including movement of contaminants, biomanipulation, and climate change, several important areas of use of basic food-web research in applied issues. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

In memoriam Antonio Prevosti (1919-2011), a pioneer of genetics of natural populations

Prof. Dr. Antonio Prevosti was born on the 15th of February, 1919, at Barcelona where he grew up and lived with his wife Maria Monclus and his family until his death at the age of 92 years. Between the years 1939 and 1942 he registered at the University of Barcelona and finished his studies there with the University Degree in Natural Science obtaining the extraordinary award of his promotion. Immediately afterwards he started his research about the growth rate of Barcelona school children from two very different social groups at the Anthropology Laboratory of the University of Barcelona. The obtained results were published in his Doctoral Thesis (1948). Further investigations on quantitative traits in human populations improved his knowledge of statistical analyses and provided the basis for a scholarship from the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs to work at the Institute of Statistical and Demographical Sciences in Rome directed by Prof. C. Gini. Besides his statistical research, Prevosti became more and more interested in genetics, a discipline that was not yet established at this time on the university studies curricula in Spain. Being an experienced anthropologist and demographer of human populations, the fields of experimental population and evolutionary genetics appeared especially attractive to him. In 1949, he became a guest investigator at the Italian Institute of Hydrobiology in Pallanza, which was lead at this time by Prof. A. Buzzati-Traverso. There, Prevosti became familiar with the breeding and crossing techniques of Drosophila. In addition, he was introduced to the systematics of species groups of the genus Drosophila and learned the cytological techniques to prepare and to read the giant chromosomes of the larval salivary glands of the flies. In 1953, he moved to Edinburgh where he worked at the Institute of Animal Genetics of the University for a year. Head of the institute was at this time the famous Prof. C. H. Waddington. Prevosti became familiar with methods of Drosophila population genetics and carried out experiments to see and to measure the effect of artificial selection. Drosophila subobscura appeared especially suitable to study the question whether seasonal and geographic variation of wing size can be found in this species. He not only found that temperature-dependent variation exists but also that the values of the quantitative trait wing size show a geographical clinal distribution with high values in the North and low values in the South. He was invited to present the results of these studies at the Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology Prevosti (1955). Prevosti became head of the Department of Genetics at the University of Barcelona in 1963 and remained in this position until the year 1986. In his laboratory, he supervised, as a university professor, many students who were working for their doctoral thesis. Some of them continued their studies at the University of Barcelona or elsewhere and became internationally recognized scientists. To mention some of them, the following names can be written down here: Antonio Fontdevila, Roser Gonzalez-Durate, Jaume Baguna, Montserrat Aguade, Lluis Serra and Francesc Mestres. Later, Prevosti centred his investigations on the relationship between the chromosomal polymorphism of D. subobscura and wing length. Furthermore, as a measure for the degree of heterozygosity, he used the degree of chromosomal inversion polymorphism in the various lines. The result was that lines with low wing size values were practically homokaryotypic while in lines with high wing sizes a considerable degree of inversion polymorphism was found. Subsequently, Prevosti decided to concentrate on studies dealing with the effects of the chromosomal inversion polymorphism in wild populations of D. subobscura. For him it was clear that the first steps of evolution are always taking place in populations. However, Prevosti was not the only scientist who became interested in these problems at this time. Mainly influenced by Theodosius

Identification and characterization of one novel type of Triactinospomyxon with short spore axis

This study identifies and characterizes one novel type of triactinospomyxon in oligochaete specimen of Branchiura sowerbyi Beddard collected from a fish pond used for rearing gibel carp located in Caidian Experimental Station of the Institute of Hydrobiology. It is nominated as Triactinospomyxon caidianensis type. The spore is of characteristic triactinomyxon "anchor" shape and possesses a spore body with sporoplasm containing 32 germ cells, 3 polar capsules, and 3 caudal processes. Compared with other triactinomyxon spores described previously, T. caidianensis type has a short spore axis with 76.5 μm in length and a very short style with 38.9 μm in length. Molecular analyses on 18S rDNA sequences indicate that the novel T. caidianensis type is most closely related to Triactinomyxon sp SA-2005, Antonactinomyxon sp KAB-2001, and Synactinomyxon sp KAB-2001 with 80.33% to 81.92% identities. On the basis of spore morphology and genetic data, the T. caidianensis type presented in this paper differs from those already known and described in the literatures.

Richard A. Vollenweider: contribution to our knowledge of Italian lakes

Richard A. Vollenweider (Zurich, 1922–Burlington, 2007) gained his Ph.D. in Biology from the University of Zurich in 1951, and was appointed research assistant at the Institute of Hydrobiology in K...

Richard Vollenweider: some reminiscences from the 1950s

Richard Vollenweider: some reminiscences from the 1950s

My memories of Jack Vallentyne

My memories of Jack Vallentyne

Bacterial single-cell activities along the nutrient availability gradient in a canyon-shaped reservoir: a seasonal study

AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 60:215-225 (2010) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01425 Bacterial single-cell activities along the nutrient availability gradient in a canyon-shaped reservoir: a seasonal study Karel Horňák*, Jan Jezbera, Karel Šimek Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic *Email: hornak@hbu.cas.cz ABSTRACT: We investigated the linkages between the composition and the activities of bacterioplankton assemblages in the meso-eutrophic Římov reservoir (Czech Republic). We examined bacterial fractions with visible leucine and glucose incorporation using microautoradiography, and proportions of bacteria with an intact membrane (live), high nucleic acid (HNA) and low nucleic acid (LNA) content, and an active electron transport system (CTC+ cells; CTC is 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl-tetrazolium chloride) by flow cytometry. Three stations along the longitudinal axis of the reservoir (designated Dam, Middle, and River) with contrasting phosphorus concentrations and bacterial and extracellular phytoplankton production were sampled at intervals of 3 wk from 29 March to 15 November 2005. At all stations, Betaproteobacteria (BET) or Actinobacteria (ACT) dominated the bacterial community composition, while Cytophaga-Flavobacteria (CF) accounted for smaller proportions. ACT showed high proportions of cells incorporating both leucine and glucose in all samples, whereas only small fractions of CF were scored positive for the incorporation of these substrates. BET incorporated leucine preferentially to glucose in all samples. We identified bacterial phylogenetic groups that correlated with different bacterial populations as determined by flow cytometry: CF and BET significantly contributed to the pool of HNA cells at Stn River, whereas the opposite was found for ACT, forming the pool of LNA cells at all stations. Since ACT efficiently incorporated organic substrates, the LNA fraction represented a highly active component of bacterial assemblages. At Stns Dam and Middle, the dynamics of CF also correlated with the population of CTC+ cells and an enhanced extracellular phytoplankton production. KEY WORDS: Reservoir · Bacterial activity · Leucine and glucose incorporation · Live cells · HNA cells · CTC+ cells Full text in pdf format NextCite this article as: Horňák K, Jezbera J, Šimek K (2010) Bacterial single-cell activities along the nutrient availability gradient in a canyon-shaped reservoir: a seasonal study. Aquat Microb Ecol 60:215-225. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01425Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 60, No. 3. Online publication date: June 16, 2010 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2010 Inter-Research.

Population status, threats and conservation of the Yangtze finless porpoise

The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) is currently limited to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Shanghai, China, and the adjoining Poyang and Dongting Lakes. Its population size has decreased remarkably during the last several decades due to the heavy impact of human activities, including overfishing of prey species, water development projects that cause attendant habitat loss and degradation, water pollution, and accidental deaths caused by harmful fishing gear and collisions with motorized vessels. It was estimated that the number of remaining individuals was down to approximately 1800 in 2006, a number that is decreasing at a rate as high as 5% per year. Three conservation measures - in situ and ex situ conservation and captive breeding have been applied to the protection of this unique porpoise since the early 1990s. Seven natural and two “semi-natural” reserves have so far been established. Since 1996, a small group of finless porpoises has been successfully reared in a facility at the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; three babies were born in captivity on July 5, 2005, June 2, 2007 and July 5, 2008. These are the first freshwater cetaceans ever born in captivity in the world. Several groups of these porpoises caught in the main stream of the Yangtze River, or rescued, have been introduced into the Tian’e-Zhou Semi-natural Reserve since 1990. These efforts have proven that, not only can these animals survive in the area, they are also to reproduce naturally and successfully. More than 30 calves had been born in the reserve since then, with one to three born each year. Taking deaths and transfers into account, there were approximately 30 individuals living in the reserve as of the end of 2007. Among eight mature females captured in April 2008, five were confirmed pregnant. This effort represents the first successful attempt at off-site protection of a cetacean species in the world, and establishes a solid base for conservation of the Yangtze finless porpoise. A lesson must be drawn from the tragedy of Chinese River Dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer), which has already been declared likely extinct. Strong, effective and appropriate protective measures must be carried out quickly to prevent the Yangtze finless porpoise from becoming a second Chinese River Dolphin, and save the biodiversity of the Yangtze River as a whole.

Bilateral bioacoustics research of Chinese freshwater dolphins

China has various ecologically important sites that provide wonderful research opportunities. The biosonar behavior of Yangtze finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis) in the semi-natural reserve, Hubei, China has been extensively studied for the past five years by the Japan Fisheries Research Agency and Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Careful scanning and acoustical autofocusing behavior in porpoises was firstly observed in free-ranging conditions. The biosonar model obtained in this study allowed us to recently develop a broadband high-resolution sonar system called the Dolphin Sonar Simulator. Frequent biosonar production by finless porpoises also allowed an effective passive acoustical survey to be conducted of the animal along the entire habitat of this species in 2006. Bilateral collaboration with cutting-edge acoustical technologies was proven to be highly productive for basic behavioral science, engineering applications, and the conservation of endangered species.

Selective feeding behaviour of key free-living protists: avenues for continued study

AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 53:83-98 (2008) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01229 AME Special: 'Progress and Perspectives in Aquatic Microbial Ecology: Highlights of the SAME 10, Faro, Portugal, September 2007' Selective feeding behaviour of key free-living protists: avenues for continued study David J. S. Montagnes1,*, Ana B. Barbosa2, Jens Boenigk3, Keith Davidson4, Klaus Jürgens5, Miroslav Macek6,9, Jacqueline D. Parry7, Emily C. Roberts8, Karel Simek9 1School of Biological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK 2CIMA, Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal 3Institute for Limnology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Mondseestr. 9, 5310 Mondsee, Austria 4Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK 5Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Department of Biological Oceanography, Seest. 15, 18119 Rostock-Warnemünde, Germany 6National Autonomous University of Mexico, FES Iztacala, Department of Tropical Limnology, Av. de los Barrios 1, 54090 Tlalnepantla, Edo. México, Mexico 7Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK 8Biological Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK 9Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 37005 Ceské Budéjovice, Czech Republic *Email: dmontag@liv.ac.uk ABSTRACT: Phagotrophic protists are diverse and abundant in aquatic and terrestrial environments, making them fundamental to the transfer of matter/energy within their respective food webs. Recognising their grazing impact is essential to evaluate the role of protists in ecosystems, and this includes appreciating prey selectivity. Efforts have been made by groups and individuals to understand selective grazing behaviour by protists: many approaches and perspectives have been pursued, not all of which are compatible. This article, which is not a review, is the product of our discourse on this subject at the SAME 10 meeting. It is the work of individuals, assembled for their breadth of backgrounds, approaches, views, and expertise. Firstly, to communicate ideas and approaches, we develop a framework for selective feeding processes and suggest 6 steps: searching, contact, capture, processing, ingestion, digestion. We then separate study approaches into 2 categories: (1) those examining whole organisms at the community, population, and individual levels, and (2) those examining physiology and molecular attributes. Finally, we explore general problems associated with the field of protistan selective feeding (e.g. linking food selection into food webs and modeling). We do not present all views on any one topic, nor do we cover all topics; instead, we offer opinions and suggest avenues for continued study. Overall, this paper should stimulate further discourse on the subject and provide a roadmap for the future. KEY WORDS: Amoeba · Ciliate · Flagellate · Grazing · Ingestion · Phagotrophic · Protozoa Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Montagnes DJS, Barbosa AB, Boenigk J, Davidson K and others (2008) Selective feeding behaviour of key free-living protists: avenues for continued study. Aquat Microb Ecol 53:83-98. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01229Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 53, No. 1. Online publication date: September 18, 2008 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2008 Inter-Research.

DNA extraction formalin-fixed tissue of <i>Psephurus gladius</i> and the applicability of microsatellite primers developed from its related species

白鲟是是世界上最大的淡水鱼之一,为我国独有,被誉为长江中的活化石.目前白鲟群体已极度濒危,获取其新鲜材料非常困难,因此本文以保存于中科院水生所标本馆的福尔马林固定白鲟标本为研究材料,尝试从其肌肉、心脏、鳍条和肝脏组织提取白鲟基因组DNA,并检验相近种匙吻鲟和中华鲟微卫星引物对白鲟有无适用性.实验包括福尔马林固定白鲟标本从组织预处理到消化、抽提等步骤的整体优化过程;通过一系列对比试验分析在不同条件下提取到基因组DNA片段大小的差异,最终实现了福尔马林固定白鲟标本基因组DNA的稳定提取,并提出后续实验的延伸设想加以完善.;The Chinese paddlefish(Psephurus gladius(Martens))named as “the live fossil in the Yangtze River” is the indigenous species inChina, which is the biggest freshwater fish in the world. At present, the Chinese paddlefish has been in imminent danger, so it isextremely difficult to gain its fresh specimens. This research got the formalin-fixed tissues of Chinese paddlefish (11 individuals) asexperimental materials from the Institute of hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Science. We have extracted the genomic DNA fromthe tissues of muscle, heart, fin and liver by optimizing a series of contrastive experiments, and consummated some researches onmolecular ecology by microsatellite molecular markers to realize its genetic characteristics.

Environmental science and research in China: A snapshot of the current state

Environmental science and research in China: A snapshot of the current state

Bibarba bibarba: A new genus and species of Cobitinae (Pisces: Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from Guangxi Province (China)

A new genus of Cobitinae, Bibarba gen. n., and a new species, B. bibarba sp. n., were discovered and are described for the Chengjiang River, a tributary of the Hongshuihe River in Guangxi Province of southern China. This river region is characterized by a Karst landscape, and the river that is inhabited by the new genus is a slowly moving stream with arenaceous and cobblestone beds. The new genus resembles Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (subfamily Cobitinae) in the shape and pigmentation pattern of their body, the absence of scales on their head, and the presence of a suborbital spine, but differs from it by a single Lamina circularis on the third pectoral fin ray instead of on the base of the second pectoral fin ray; two pairs of barbels (one rostral pair and one maxillo-mandibular pair) instead of three pairs of barbels (one rostral pair, one maxillary pair, and one maxillo-mandibular pair); a relatively thick and short suborbital spine with a strong medio-lateral process instead of a suborbital spine without or with a weakly formed medio-lateral process as in Cobitis; and the lack of a black stripe extending from the occiput through the eye to the insertion of the rostral barbel. The first two characters have not been reported in any other genus of the subfamily Cobitinae. A morphometric character analysis based on PCA reveals differences between B. bibarba and C. sinensis in body size, barbel length, interorbital width, pectoral fin length in males, and the position of the dorsal and ventral fins. Type specimens of the new species are kept in the Freshwater Fishes Museum of the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, Hubei Province.

Richard A. Vollenweider (Zürich 1922 ÷ Burlington 2007)

It is with deep sadness that I write this short obituary of Professor R.A. Vollenweider. I am highly indebted to him for his scientific suggestions, teaching and discussions, but most of all for his friendship, which goes back to 1950. R.A. Vollenweider was born in Zürich (Switzerland) on June 27, 1922. He obtained his PhD degree in Biology from the University of Zürich in 1951, subsequently becoming Research Assistant at the Hydrobiological Institute, Kastanienbaum (Switzerland).

Rearing of Procypris rabaudi during early life-history stages

The early life-history of Chinese rock carp Procypris rabaudi was investigated during a 56-day rearing period: 318 artificially propagated P. rabaudi larvae were reared throughout metamorphosis in a small-scale recirculation system (345 L water volume, 10 x 18 L rearing tanks, 150 L storage and filter compartment with bioballs, 20-30 larvae L-1) at the Institute of Hydrobiology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The newly hatched larvae had an initial total length of 8.93 +/- 0.35 mm SD (n = 10) at 3 days post-hatch and reached an average total length of 33.29 mm (+/- 1.88 mm SD, n = 10) 56 days after hatching. Length increment averaged 0.45 mm day(-1), resulting in a mean growth of 24.4 mm within the 56-day period. High mortality rates of up to 92% derived from an introduced fungus infection and subsequent treatment stress with malachite green. Our results indicate that Chinese rock carp can be raised successfully from artificially fertilized eggs. We therefore assume this species to be a candidate for commercial aquaculture.

Range-wide Yangtze freshwater dolphin expedition: The last chance to see Baiji?

Background, Aim and Scope There are two species of fresh water cetaceans surviving in the Yangtze River system in China: Baiji (Lipotes vexillifer) and Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis). As a result of the expansion of human activities on the river, their distribution ranges appear to be decreasing and in the case of the Baiji, are even being restricted to several sections. The Baiji is the world’s most critically endangered cetacean species with a population estimated at only a few tens of individuals. The Yangtze finless porpoise is the world’s only freshwater-adapted population of the species, and it has been estimated that only around 1,000 individuals remain in the river system. In order to prevent the extinction of Baiji and a sharp decline in the abundance of the porpoise, in situ conservation (i.e. in the river) and two ex situ conservation (i.e. in semi-natural reserves and in captivity) strategies were proposed and have been implemented since the early 1990s. In view of both the severely endangered status of the animals and the severely degraded conditions of their habitats, the feasibility and actual status of these two strategies are raised for discussion.

Population dynamics of the water mite Unionicola arcuata (Unionicolidae) in the freshwater bivalve Cristaria plicata (Unionidae) in Poyang Lake, eastern China

Population dynamics of the water mite Unionicola arcuata were investigated in the freshwater bivalve Cristaria plicata during the period from January to December 2002 in Poyang Lake, East China. A pattern of seasonal variation was observed, with prevalence and abundance peaking in early spring and autumn. The number of mites in individual hosts was significantly correlated with the size, but not with the sex, of bivalves. The change in infection level of mites on different infection sites in C. plicata was significant, with >58% of the mites found on the outer and inner gills, indicating that U. arcuata shows site preference.

Tench farming in China: present status and future prospects

Tench, Tinca tinca (L.) was introduced as a new species to Chinese aquaculture in 1998. Biological characteristics of tench are studied, and propagation techniques are improved at the Hubei Province Fisheries Institute with co-operation with the Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology in Czech Republic and Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The first successful artificial propagation of tench in China was made in 2000. The number of produced tench larvae increased from 5 millions in 2001 to 20 millions in 2002, and to 200 millions in 2003. The number of juveniles >5 cm reached 12 millions in 2002 and 120 millions in 2003. Total area of ponds with tench culture was 1400 ha in 2002 and 5400 ha in 2003. Main problems that hinder development of tench culture in China are identified, and future prospects of tench farming in China are highlighted. Abundant water bodies for aquaculture and cheap man-power make the export of tench from China to Europe, USA, Australia and Korea a promising activity.

The Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (1 p.)

- The Institute of Hydrobiology (IHB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is located at the foot of Luojia Hill and beside the beautiful Donghu Lake in the City of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. It was founded in 1930 as the Natural History Museum of Academia Sinica, and renamed as the Institute of Zoology and Botany of Academia Sinica in 1934. In 1944, it was divided into two institutes: The Institute of Zoology and Institute of Botany. In 1950, the main part of the Institute of Zoology, the sections of phycology in the Institute of Botany, and some members from other institutes and universities were merged into the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai. The institute was moved from Shanghai to Wuhan in 1954.