Architectural Institute Research Articles

Влияние различных рас дрожжей на качество саке из отечественного сырья

Abstract. In the alcoholic beverage market, some attention has recently been paid to new beverages, one such beverage is saké. Along with other imported products, it is also necessary to establish production of this drink for the purpose of import substitution. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of different yeast races on the quality of saké from domestic raw materials and to develop recommendations for their use. The research tasks included the study of the following issues: testing of different yeasts, study of the quality of domestic raw materials – rice from Krasnodar region for saké production, study of biochemical parameters of the obtained products, study of the elemental composition of saké, organoleptic evaluation of products. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking of the Institute of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture at the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy” and in the Scientific Centre “Low-tonnage chemistry”. Eight yeast strains were included in the study, which were infected with steamed rice grains. Observations, records and analyses were carried out for each of 8 experimental samples: elemental and chemical composition, alcohol content, organoleptic indicators. For the first time in the established zymological features of yeast quality in obtaining products from domestic raw materials, features of microbiological characteristics of the resulting product and gave a conclusion and recommendations for the production of sake. Optimal variants of yeast, regularities of formation of biochemical composition of saké, content of various elements in the finished product, organoleptic indicators are established, recommendations on the studied factors are made. Key words: Yeast strains, saké, Japanese culture, sensory analysis, rice wine

Development of sustainable self-compacting concrete: Replacement of sand with municipal solid waste incineration ash molten slag and recycled fine aggregate

The purpose of this study is to develop self-compacting concrete using MSWA and RA as fine aggregates, supplemented with fly ash and GGBS that can modify the workability of the concrete. To evaluate the performance of sustainable self-compacting concrete, its mechanical properties, workability, drying shrinkage, and pore structure were comprehensively analyzed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of producing self-compacting concrete by replacing 50–100 % of sand with MS and RA, as all mixes in this experiment achieved the target slump flow of 600 ± 20 mm. The compressive strength remained unaffected for MS contents below 25 %, but at 50 % MS, it was 10 % lower than that of normal concrete. The drying shrinkage deformation of all specimens was below 700 μ, meeting the requirements for practical engineering applications. Incorporating fly ash increases porosity but transforms micropores larger than 100 nm into those smaller than 100 nm. Incorporating GGBS not only reduces porosity but also converts pores of 10–100 nm into gel pores smaller than 10 nm. Additionally, the suitability of various formulas correlating compressive strength and static elasticity modulus, recommended by American Concrete Institute (ACI 363), European Practice (EN 1992), and the Architectural Institute of Japan (JASS 5), was evaluated, and appropriate formulas were determined through regression analysis.

Estimation of ultimate bearing capacity of strip footings on cohesive-frictional soils using non-linear shear strength model

This study widely investigated the applicability of the ultimate bearing capacity formula from the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) while considering the effect of footing width. An in-house RPFEM program was developed using a non-linear shear strength model that is sensitive to confining stress. The research focuses on evaluating how footing width and soil properties affect the ultimate bearing capacity of strip footings. Coefficients within the AIJ formula were calculated and compared to those derived from the RPFEM, considering different combinations of cohesive and frictional soil strengths across various footing widths. The RPFEM results closely matched those obtained from the AIJ formula. This suggests that using a non-linear shear strength model can accurately estimate the ultimate bearing capacity of strip footings on cohesive-frictional soils, taking into account the footing width.

USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATIONAL DESIGN FOR ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS

One of the promising areas of artificial intelligence (AI) use is architectural design. Most of the world-renowned architectural bureaus are experimenting and exploring the use of AI in their daily work. It is necessary to integrate the ability to apply such tools wisely into the education process for architecture students to be competitive and participate in projects involving AI successfully. The growing interest in AI among students and modern architectural educational institutions and bureaus determines the relevance of this research. The article discusses the specificity of the use of AI within the framework of architectural education, which involves providing students with access to resources and participation in international projects. AI makes it possible to develop creativity and promotes greater adaptability and openness of future architects to cooperate with professionals from different fields, promoting a holistic approach to design and problem-solving. Incorporating AI concepts and technologies into architectural education equips future architects with the skills and knowledge they need to thrive professionally. Some of the main benefits and results of the approach include access to AI tools and resources, interdisciplinary cooperation, innovation and creativity, environmental responsibility, efficiency, and project management. There are several directions to successfully use AI in educational design, such as: search for ideas, organisation of text information, and visualisation. Overall, AI’s impact on educational design for architectural students is quite significant. Integrating innovative technologies can improve the quality of education, provide students with new opportunities for developing creative and analytical skills, and prepare them for the challenges of modern architectural practice, with the consideration of ethical norms. This adoption also supports the development of sustainable design practices, as AI can analyse complex data to optimise the use of materials and energy in building projects. Further, AI-driven tools can help simulate and visualise environmental impact and sustainability, which is increasingly critical in modern architecture. Keywords: architectural education, innovation, design, artificial intelligence.

Review of Documents from the Russian State Library and the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, Regarding the Defense of Graduate Art Projects (Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Series, etc.), Also Known as “Creative Theses”, by Artists Pursuing the Degree of Candidate of Art History in the US SR

According to Soviet Ministry of Higher Education Order No. 524 dated September 30, 1946, “On Measures to Enhance the Training of Graduate Students in Art Institutes”, the academic degree of Candidate of Art History could be conferred upon “an art practitioner, aspiring artist, for an artwork in their specialty, accompanied by the presentation and exhibition of the graduation work, along with pertinent drawings, studies and sketches”. Documents from the collections of the Russian State Library (RSL) and the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (RSALA) contain records of the defenses of graduate art projects (easel painting, monumental painting, sculpture, graphic series, theatrical decorative design), also known as “creative theses”, held from 1946 to 1956. Twenty-two defenses took place at the Repin Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture, while twenty-one were held at the Surikov Moscow State Art Institute. The research conducted on library and archival resources enables the introduction of previously unstudied documents into scholarly discourse regarding the history of Soviet fine arts, the procedures for awarding academic degrees in the USSR, and creative postgraduate studies in the country's leading art institutes. These dissertations explore important themes of Soviet history and social life, many of which hold undeniable cultural and historical significance, with some being included in the Museum Fund of the Russian Federation.

ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ТЕАТРАЛЬНО-ВИДОВИЩНИХ ЦЕНТРІВ ДЛЯ ДІТЕЙ ТА МОЛОДІ (на прикладі досвіду кафедри дизайну архітектурного середовища)

The article explores the influence of educational, research, and competitive design of theatrical and spectacle buildings developed by professors and students of the Department of Architectural Environment Design at the Institute of Architecture and Design National University "Lviv Polytechnic". Within the framework of the contemporary cultural and educational environment, where active youth participation is a vital component of cultural development, there is a necessity for the creation of adaptive, innovative spaces for creativity and communication. The persistence of outdated architectural forms, characteristic of the Soviet period, particularly in segments like theaters for young audiences and puppet theaters, is emphasized. The absence of innovation in these types of structures at the beginning of the 21st century is noted, especially concerning theatrical and spectacle institutions such as theaters for young audiences and puppet theaters, which continue to exist but do not meet the modern needs for quality cultural education of Ukrainian youth. An analysis of over ten projects at all levels shows that a significant portion not only reproduces the concepts of architects from the second half of the 20th century but also incorporates elements inherited from theatrical and spectacle buildings of the former USSR. However, in recent years, the Lviv architectural school, particularly following the establishment of the Department of Architectural Environment Design, has shown a tendency towards experimentation and the search for innovative solutions for the architecture of the future. This is evidenced by the results of educational and competitive design projects, as well as the introduction of special courses that revive the ideas of futuristic architecture from the last century. Achievements in this field reflect the architectural visions of renowned masters such as F. Kiesler and I. Leonidov, as well as contemporary researchers like A. Quarmby, K. Tange, B. Fuller, G. Golmin and G. Kreiger, who explore the possibilities of future architecture. The article provides a classification of theatrical and spectacle centers for children and youth. The author discusses factors that continue to negatively impact the development of theatrical and spectacle centers in Ukraine in the future. The experience of designing research, educational, and competitive projects, exemplified by the activities of the Department of Architectural Environment Design, demonstrates that it can find application in the applied architectural and construction industry of the country as a whole.

Discerning Digital from Canvas: Investigating Visual Distinction between AI-Generated Art and Actual Art among Far Eastern University’s Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts (IARFA) and Non-IARFA Students

Artificial Intelligence is one of the current generation’s inventions that has been widely used. It has helped make lives easier, especially regarding appliances and business, and it has also altered various industries, including the arts. However, this development has sparked different perspectives among artists and non-artists. This study aims to evaluate how students, both artists, and non-artists, perceive the differences between real art and artificial intelligence-generated art. For this study, a total of fifty (50) students will be gathered, consisting of twenty-five (25) non-artist students from different courses and twenty-five (25) artist students from the IARFA Institute of Far Eastern University. The participants will receive the questionnaire via Messenger. The results of this study showed that the participants could differentiate actual art from AI-generated art based on their knowledge when evaluating artworks. Additionally, it demonstrates that artist students showed more confidence in determining actual artworks from AI-generated artworks due to their knowledge. While non-artists remain skeptical in determining artworks as they base their perception on how they see art.

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Analysis of the Axial Load Capacity of Circular Concrete-Filled Tubular Columns

This paper focuses on the experimental investigation of the axial load capacity of CFT (concrete-filled steel tube) columns under actual construction conditions during building reconstruction. A total of four samples were loaded up to failure. The varied parameters were the column length and absence/presence of the concrete infill within the steel tube. Further, the analysis is extended to developing a numerical model in the finite element-based software ABAQUS version 6.9. This numerical model includes material and geometrical nonlinearities and was validated with the experimental results. The contribution of the concrete core to the column capacity and the concrete core confinement effect are discussed. Finally, the column capacity was calculated according to several design codes: the Eurocode 4 with and without considering the confinement effect, American specifications, Australian standards, the American Institute of Steel Construction, and the Architectural Institute of Japan. The Eurocode 4 considering the confinement effect provides the closest results to those obtained in the tests.

Detailed Design of Special-Shaped Steel Structures Based on DfMA: The BIM-FEM Model Conversion Method

(1) This paper, based on the characteristics of complex steel structures as well as difficult points in the process of their detailed design, introduces the product design concept of DfMA (Design for Manufacturing and Assembly) from the manufacturing industry and studies the detailed design method of BIM-FEM model conversion. The BIM software Revit (2020) is used as the basis for the BIM detailed design of the project, which achieves the purpose of rapid modeling and provides a detailed design model basis for finite element analysis. (2) Utilizing the Revit API and C# for secondary development as the technical means, this approach involves converting the geometric entity model described by CSG-Brep into an APDL stream. This creates an interface with the finite element analysis software ANSYS (12.0) to implement the detailed design of BIM-FEM model conversion, optimizing the algorithm for converting complex analysis models that require high precision for special-shaped steel structures. (3) This research addresses issues such as the disconnection between the design, manufacturing, and construction of special-shaped steel structures, providing support for design decisions. Moreover, it enhances the detailed design method by improving the standardization of special-shaped components under the condition of design diversity. (4) These studies provide sustainability for engineering design, manufacturing, and construction projects, enabling the maximization of benefits and product lifecycle management (PLM) through these projects. (5) Finally, a case study analysis was conducted on the Wuhan City New Generation Weather Radar Construction Project, designed by the Central South Architectural Design Institute (CSADI), to verify the detailed design of BIM-FEM model conversion. This proved the scientific validity, practicality, and necessity of this research.

Salutogenic Design as Health Preservation Technology: Prospects for Implementation in Public Health

Introduction. The concept of salutogenic design, focused on creating a healthy environment, is based on the salutogenesis concept, developed back in the 1970s by Aaron Antonovsky. This approach is becoming increasingly popular in urban planning, development, and certification of buildings, offices, and medical fa-cilities. Due to ongoing national projects, there is an increasing demand for specialists in public health and salutogenic design in Russia, which has justified the creation of an interdisciplinary educational program. Objective. To present the implementation of the network master's program "Salutogenic Design" in the field of public health and the creation of a healthy urban environment.Materials and methods. We conducted literature review on existing practices for applying salutogenic de-sign in urban planning and described the implementation of the network master's program "Salutogenic De-sign" at the Institute of Leadership and Health Management of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) and Moscow institute of architecture (MIARCH).Results. The concept of salutogenic design is a prominent scientific and practical issue for researchers, pro-fessional community, and executive authorities worldwide, with particular interest in implementation studies of salutogenic design for designing and constructing environments, transport, medical organizations, and the urban landscape, as well as developing tools for urban environment assessment. The master's program "Salutogenic Design" is a unique educational experience that includes the development of professional skills in an interdisciplinary area of health sciences and urban planning, distinguishing it from other educational projects.

Đorđe Alfirević and Sanja Simonović Alfirević: Principles of residential space configuration, Institute of Architecture and Urban and Spatial Planning of Serbia and Faculty of Architecture of the University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 2023

Đorđe Alfirević and Sanja Simonović Alfirević: Principles of residential space configuration, Institute of Architecture and Urban and Spatial Planning of Serbia and Faculty of Architecture of the University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 2023

Outline of the 2023 Annual Research Meeting of Chugoku Chapter of the Architectural Institute of Japan

Outline of the 2023 Annual Research Meeting of Chugoku Chapter of the Architectural Institute of Japan

Assessment of Genetic Diversity among the Elite Rose (Rosa spp.) Accessions Using Rapd Markers

Aims: Owing to its export value in flower trade elsewhere in the world, Rose is the key commercial flower crop and the area under rose cultivation is ever increasing and the end-users always prefer new color variations. Hence, evolving new cultivars with novel color characteristics is the need of the hour, for which understanding genetic variation in the available cultivars is very much needed. 
 Study Design: This investigation was conducted to analyze the genetic diversity of 11 elite and commonly cultivated rose accessions in South India by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.
 Place and Duration of Study: Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Horticultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore.
 Methodology: A total of 10 RAPD primers were employed, which was sufficient to distinguish the investigated rose cultivars.
 Results: Among the 44 PCR products produced by these markers, 39 (88.64%) were found to be polymorphic bands. The number of amplified products per RAPD primer varied from 3 to 8 with a mean of 4.4 bands per primer. The Un weighted paired group of arithmetic means (UPGMA) dendrogram distinguished the rose accessions into two major clusters suggesting that the accessions were different from each other. The genetic similarity coefficients were determined with this RAPD data, and they were ranged from 0.59 to 0.89.
 Conclusion: Molecular profiling data of this study have contributed to characterize and catalogue the rose germplasm data, which will be useful to identify the diverse rose lines for further breeding program that have the potential to improve the color variations.

Jorge O. Caron, une collection et plusieurs histoires

The article tells the story about the personal collection of the architect and professor Jorge Caron, since its formation to its donation to the library of the Institute of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo in 2006. It argues about the difficulties and challenges faced in safeguarding, handling and organizing it. The second part of it, relates through the unfolding of the research called: Planning, design, production and assembly of the Exhibition: The trajectory of Jorge Caron, financed by Program of Unified Scholarship (PUB-USP), it was possible to carry out the digitization and partial publication. Throughout these activities, a debate was developed on the role of public universities in the preservation and safeguarding of architects' collections. Other variables were also added, such as the use of digital media for its dissemination, the potential of this nature of collections to encourage new research and historiographical reviews, contemplating the production of knowledge, as well as the incorporation of new collections.

An investigation of the contribution of vibration duration on subjective response to horizontal building vibration

As an evaluation method for evaluating the habitability to building vibration, the ISO 2031 series of international standards defines the VDV for transient vibration, in which the vibration duration is considered by time integration. The evaluation method for non-stationary-like vibrations in the guidelines for the evaluation of habitability to building vibration of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) also specifies a method to consider the effect of vibration duration on the evaluation. In this paper, laboratory experiments using an electrodynamic shaker were conducted to investigate the relationship between the subjective response regarding occupant habitability and the horizontal vibration of buildings caused by external vibration sources such as road traffic and railways. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the effects of acceleration magnitude and vibration duration on the exposure-response relationship. The comparison of models with different proportions of occurrence (cutoff values) of subjective responses showed different effects of acceleration magnitude and vibration duration.

Study on the correspondence between vibration level and vibration evaluation by residents in real houses through one day

In recent years, the issue of environmental vibration has been much discussed due to the diversification of lifestyles and the increasing of habitation performance by residents. Prolonged exposure to vibration can have psychological and physiological effects on residents and may cause complaints. The current vibration evaluation standard for buildings in Japan is used in the "Standard for the Evaluation of Habitability to Building Vibration" by Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ). The evaluation scale in that standard is also based on the results of short-time vibration evaluation experiments in laboratories. However, this evaluation scale is considered to be different from the vibration evaluation perceived by residents in their daily lives. Therefore, in this study, we researched for the purpose of the evaluation of vibration sensation in long-term daily life. In this paper, we measured vibration through one day in real houses. And we considered the correspondence between vibration levels and residents vibration evaluation.

Case study of sound insulation performance of a first pure timber 3-story elementary school in Japan

In Japan, "the Act on Promotion of Use of Wood in Buildings to Contribute to the Realization of a Decarbonized Society" promotes the use of wood in buildings in general. The school buildings as public buildings are being promoted to be constructed with timber construction since timber school buildings effectively improve the educational environment. This paper presents the measurement results of the sound insulation performance in "the Uozu City Municipal Hoshinomori Elementary School", which is a first all-timber construction 3-story elementary school in Japan. By adopting a dry-type double floor structure for the floor finish structure and an independent ceiling for the ceiling structure, the floor impact sound insulation performances of the classrooms were Lr-60 for both heavy-weight floor impact sound and light-weight floor impact sound when evaluated using JIS A 1419-2. Moreover, the recommended reverberation time values of the Architectural Institute of Japan Environmental Standards were generally satisfied by installing dressed rockwool sound absorbing board on the ceiling.

Pentafsiran Reka Bentuk Kurikulum Pendidikan Seni Bina Ecole des Beaux Art dari Sudut Pandang Pendidikan Seni Bina Malaysia

This research aims to highlight the distinctive features found in the Ecole des Beaux-Arts architectural education curriculum, the first formal architectural educational institution in Europe during the 17th century that influenced most architectural education curriculum formation at the international level including curriculum in Malaysia. The aim of this research is to provide a foundation of understanding to the parties involved in architectural education regarding the origins and fundamental features of an architectural curriculum. The research methodology adopted in this research is Interpretive Historical Research where historical facts obtained will go through evidence investigation sessions, collection, and compilation of evidence and will be concluded with narrative construction. The architectural education curriculum implemented by the Ecole des Beaux-Arts is not stated in a structured manner as the global curriculum practices today. Therefore, this research specifically highlights the translation method of blurred curriculum information, which is in the form of storytelling on past architectural learning situations into a structured curriculum that can be evaluated in physical form and compared with the current architectural education system. The findings of the research showed that there are specific features in the architectural education curriculum by Ecole des Beaux-Arts based on the course breakdown method as practiced in the Malaysian architectural education system today.

Solving the problem of insuffi cient continuity of school and university education in the fi eld of mathematics (experience of Ural Federal University)

The relevance of the article is determined by the insufficient continuity of school and university mathematical training of modern students studying engineering. The purpose of the article is to develop adaptive educational materials for studying the basics of mathematical statistics by students of the Institute of Construction and Architecture of Ural Federal University. Practical skills formed in the process of applying the manual are used by students in the processing of experimental data in the course of preparing final qualification works and master’s theses. As part of the development of the manual, trends in changes in various systems of engineering and construction education were studied, an analysis of curricula and manuals for the preparation of students of architectural and construction training was carried out. The manual discusses frequently used statistical methods, the study of which ends with a step-by-step algorithm for solving a specific numerical problem, implemented by using the MS Excel spreadsheet.

The Paradigm Shift from Traditional to Blended Learning Methodology in Architecture Education

The Covid-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the education sector, forcing institutions to explore alternative teaching methodologies. This research article examines the paradigm shift from traditional classroom-based face-to-face learning to blended learning in architecture education. A questionnaire was designed and administered to collect data from architecture students and educators in India, with a focus on their experiences and perceptions of blended learning. The results of the study indicate a significant rise in the adoption of blended learning in the postCovid-19 period. The respondents reported a favourable attitude towards blended learning, recognizing its potential to enhance learning outcomes and improve flexibility. The findings highlight the advantages of incorporating online platforms, multimedia resources, and virtual collaboration tools into architectural education. The findings indicate a significant increase in usage across various categories, with the highest increases observed in learning management systems, video conferencing platforms, online discussion sessions, live online lectures, online quizzes or assignment platforms, and online jury sessions. The research supports the idea that blended learning offers a promising approach to meet the evolving needs of architecture education in India. The flexibility and adaptability of blended learning methods provide opportunities for students to engage in self-paced learning, access a wide range of learning materials, and collaborate with peers and professionals beyond physical boundaries. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the use of blended learning in architecture education, specifically in the context of India. The findings provide valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking to integrate technology into the curriculum effectively. By embracing blended learning, architecture institutions can prepare students for the digital era while maintaining the fundamental principles of design education.