Institute For Single Crystals Research Articles

The study of the elemental composition of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material

Aim. To determine the elemental composition of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material, such as Sophora japonica flower buds, Crataegus sanguinea leaves and flowers, Astragalus dasyanthus herb, Mentha piperita leaves, Arctium lappa roots. Materials and methods. The elemental composition was studied by atomic absorption spectrography with photographic registration. The research was conducted at the premises of STC “Institute of Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kharkiv). Results and discussion. The results of the research obtained show that the samples of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material studied contain at least 19 chemical elements; potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus predominate among them. Conclusions. The study shows the prospects of creating new original complex drugs from the raw material of the plants studied for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, in particular hypertension.

Development of standardization methods of Angiolin eye drops

The eyes are one of the most vulnerable human organs. An important place among all traumatic injuries belongs to burns, which are characterized by a large number of adverse consequences.Today, the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine is mainly occupied by drugs of foreign origin, therefore, the urgent task of modern pharmacy is to create and expand the range of the domestic pharmaceutical market and the relative cheapness of the drug in comparison with other drugs, in a future.The employees of the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Zaporizhzhia State Medical University (ZSMU), together with specialists from NPO Pharmatron, synthesized a new compound called “Angiolin” ((S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl -5-thioacetate). The obtained compound has anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, reparative effect .A rational dosage form in the form of eye drops was proposed and created for the new drug.The aim of the work is to develop a technique for standardizing the active substance in “Angiolin” eye drops ((S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate) by spectrophotometry.Materials and methods: A certified substance of аngiolin was used in the research (manufacturer: State Enterprise “Plant of Chemical Reagents” of the Scientific and Technological Complex “Institute of Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, series 2451117). The spectrophotometric method for the analysis of the аngiolin substance was taken as a basis. The studies were carried out using an Optizen POP spectrophotometer, measurements were carried out at a wavelength in the range of 200–300 nm, a cuvette thickness of 10 mm.Results. Studies were performed on six series of 1% eye drops “Angiolin”, which was quantified by spectrophotometric method. It was found that the content of аngiolin in eye drops was in the range of 0.00981–0.01011 g/ml. Thus, in terms of the content of the active substance, the studied series of eye drops meets the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia. Subsequently, another five series of «Angiolin» eye drops were analyzed, which also met the pharmacopoeial requirements for the content of the active substance (0.00980–0.01015 g/ml). We believe that the developed method for standardizing eye drops is reproducible.Conclusion: In the research, we have developed a method for standardizing the active substance in “Angiolin” eye drops by spectrophotometry. The developed technique is reproducible, accurate, and in the future, after its validation, it can be used in the standardization of the active substance in various dosage forms.

An influence of the cream with cerium dioxide nanoparticles on some vital signs of rats in the setting of a topical application in a chronic experiment

Melanoma and non-melanoma cancers are global healthcare problems nowadays. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is one of the risk factors of development of these pathologies. An introduction of sunscreen creams with cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CDN) in medical practice will widen the spectrum of measures of prevention of UV-induced injuries, namely, skin malignancies. Development of such products includes the complex of non-clinical studies in the field of safety pharmacology.
 The study on an influence of the cream with CDN on some vital signs of rats in the setting of a topical application in a chronic experiment.
 Standardized CDN 6–15 nm in size were synthesized in TOV ‘NanoMedTech’, the dermal cream with 0.25% CDN was developed in SSI ‘Institute for Single Crystals’ of NAS of Ukraine. The experiment was carried out on 100 white female Wistar rats. Animals were allocated into 5 groups with 20 rats each: an intact control, an application of the cream with CDN in the doses of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg, an application of a cream base (placebo). The cream with CDN was applied on skin once a day during 6 months. Toxicity was evaluated on the basis of following indices: survivability, overall health and behavior of animals, ingestion of food and water, body mass dynamics, hematological and serum biochemical indices, macroscopic structure and mass coefficients of internal organs.
 No mortality, deterioration of overall health, changes in behavior and ingestion of food and water were observed in groups of an application of the cream with CDN; body mass dynamics were positive. There were no critical differences in hematological (hemoglobin; erythrocyte, thrombocyte, leukocyte count; leucogram) and serum biochemical (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, chlorides) indices between groups of an application of the cream with CDN and control groups over a period of the experiment. A macroscopic evaluation of condition of internal organs didn’t show any toxic effect of the cream with CDN, and mass coefficients were standard for rats and basically didn’t differ from those in control groups.
 The cream with CDN in the doses of 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg in the setting of a topical application in rats once a day during 6 months is safe – it doesn’t cause animal mortality, doesn’t influence overall health, behavior of animals, ingestion of food and water, doesn’t contribute to negative body mass dynamics, doesn’t have a negative impact on hematological and serum biochemical indices, and doesn’t alter a macroscopic structure and mass coefficients of internal organs of rats.

Regarding the standardization of L-arginine and thiotriazoline in the model mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography

Today, one of the main causes of disability and mortality in the world's population is the disease of the cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Therefore, the development of new highly effective drugs for their treatment becomes an urgent task of modern medicine and pharmacy. Promising in this direction is the creation of a new medicinal product, which combines the active donor NO – neurotransmitter amino acid L-arginine, as well as the famous domestic antioxidant – thiotriazoline. A rational dosage form – pills was chosen to create a new combined drug. Therefore, the actual and timely task is to develop methods for standardizing the active substances in the model mixture, which in future can become the basis for the analysis of the finished dosage forms of the new drug. The purpose of the work is to develop a method for standardizing the model mixture of L-arginine and thiotriazoline in the ratio of 4:1 by HPLC method. Materials and methods . During the research, certified substances L-arginine (manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and thiotriazolin (manufacturer State Enterprise “Chemical Reagents Plant” of the Scientific-Technological Complex “Institute of Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) were used. The research was carried out using LC-20 Prominence Shimadzu Chromatograph. Results. First, in the laboratory, six series of model mixture of L-arginine and thiotriazoline were produced in an optimum ratio of 4:1. Continuously, the test solution and the solution of the working standard sample, were chromatographed obtaining at least three chromatograms for each solution. It is established that the content of L-arginine in the model mixture ranges from 198.38 mg to 200.66 mg, and thiotriazoline is from 50.82 mg to 51.61 mg. According to the content of the active substances, the studied series of model mixture of L-arginine and thiotriazoline in a ratio of 4:1 correspond to the requirements of the SPF. Conclusions. In the course of the conducted researches the method of standardization of active substances of the model mixture of L-arginine and thiotriazoline in a ratio of 4:1 by the HPLC method, which is reproducible, accurate and can be used later in the quality control of the established tablet formulation, has been developed.

Experimental study of the cream with cerium dioxide nanoparticles on the model of photodynamic injury in guinea pigs

Aim. To study the photoprotective action of the cream with cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CDN) on the model of the photodynamic injury in guinea pigs.Materials and methods. CDN were synthesized in OOO “NanoMedTech”, the cream with CDN was developed in SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” of the NAS of Ukraine. The photodynamic injury in guinea pigs was modeled with an UV-emitter. The cream with CDN was applied preventively in the dose of of 2 mg/cm2. The erythema intensity was assessed according to S. V. Suvorov colorimetric scale, then the photoprotective activity (PPA) was calculated. The skin temperature was measured within 4 hours after exposure. The wound healing action was assessed as the number of days till complete healing of the skin of guinea pigs.Results and discussion. The photoprotective action (PPA – 43.2 %) of the cream with CDN exceeded that of the reference drug (the cream with titanium dioxide) since the number of ulcers and deep lesions of the skin was lower. The preventive application of the cream with CDN led to the skin temperature normalization, which confirmed the ability of CDN to prevent inflammation. The wound healing action of the cream was also observed – the complete epithelization of the damaged zone took place in 5.86 days compared to 11.00 days in untreated animals.Conclusions. The results regarding the photoprotective, wound healing action of the cream with CDN and its ability to prevent inflammation create opportunities for further study of this formulation as a photoprotector.

Optimization of L-arginine and thiotriazoline compound analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography method

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in most countries of the world. Therefore, the crucial task of pharmacy and medicine is the creation of drugs for the treatment of these pathologies. As a result of pharmacological studies, the optimal ratio of L-arginine with thiotriazoline – 4:1 was found. It was proposed to use modern, high-precision method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the active substances in the dosage form. Objective. The purpose of our study is to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of L-arginine and thiotriazoline standardization in model mixture by high-performance liquid chromatography, in particular the selection of the mobile and stationary phase. Materials and methods . L-arginine (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich, China), thiotriazoline (manufactured by the State Enterprise Chemical Reagents Plant of the Scientific and Technological Complex Institute of Single Crystals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) was used for the study. The studies were carried out using a modular BISCHOFF HPLC system (BISCHOFF Analysentechnik GmbH, Germany) with a Lambda 1010 spectrophotometric detector. Results: At first, the determination was carried out on the reverse phase, with L-arginine practically not retained (coming out at the “dead volume”), and the use of cyanated phase did not significantly affect the retention of L-arginine. Further, the retention time of L-arginine increased slightly under ion-pair chromatography on the reversed phase, in determining and using the eluent with tetrabutylammonium. The most acceptable result was obtained by using an ion buffer reagent acid buffer – 0.05 % solution of trifluoroacetic acid. Conclusion. Thus, according to the obtained results, we believe that the use of an acid buffer – 0.05 % solution of trifluoroacetic acid is one of the promising ways for the simultaneous determination of L-arginine with thiotriazoline in the model mixture along with the ion-pair reagent. In the future, we are going to use this technique for the standardization of a combined drug which includes L-arginine and thiotriazoline, in solid and liquid dosage forms.

VALIDATION OF THE SPECTROFOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF S-2,6-DIAGENOXIC ACID OF 3-METHYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLYL- 5-THIOACETATE

Objective: The aim of the work was to determine the validation characteristics for the designed procedure for quantitation of the (S)-2,6- diaminohexanoic acid substance, 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate, by absorption spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region.Methods: For study purposes, the substance (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid of 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate and a standard sample (SS) obtained from the State Enterprise “Chemical Reagents Plant” of the Scientific-Technological Complex “Institute of Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, was used. In the course of our work, we used chemical, physical, physicochemical (absorption spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region), and statistical methods of analysis. The study was carried out at the Laboratory for Standardization and Technology of Medicines at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at the Zaporizhia State Medical University (Ukraine).Results: In previous studies, we have developed a technique for spectrophotometric determination of the quantitative composition of (S)-2,6- diaminohexanoic acid of 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate. The results of the conducted studies showed that the absorption curve in the UV region of the substance solution has a maximum absorption, namely: λ = 238 nm. The results of the quantitation of the substance (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid of 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate prove that our technique is accurate and reproducible and meets the current requirements. In order for the developed methodology to ensure consistent and accurate analysis results, its validation was carried out. According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (DFU) (2 editions), the developed method for the quantitation of the substance was checked for such validation characteristics as specificity, linearity, range of use, accuracy, correctness, and robustness.Conclusion: As a result of the work, it was proved that the developed method of the quantitation of the substance (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid of 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetate by spectrophotometric method is valid.

The study on the elemental composition of the feverfew herb (Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz bip.)

Macro- and microelements affect the vital functions of plants; they are an integral part of the medicinal plant raw material and play a significant role in the pharmacological activity of herbal medicines. Expediency of determination of the heavy metals content is stipulated by the requirements to the raw material. Within the standardization of the feverfew raw material batches the comparative study of the elemental composition of the herb depending on the regions of the raw material collection has been conducted. Aim. To analyze the degree of accumulation of macro- and microelements of the feverfew herb collected in 7 regions of Ukraine. Materials and methods. The study object was batches of the feverfew herb collected in 7 regions of Ukraine. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of the elements were determined using the atomic emission spectroscopy method at the Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of Functional Materials and Environmental Objects of the STC “Institute for Single Crystals”, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kharkiv) using a CAS-120 device, manufacturing group “Electron” by atomization in air-acetylene flame. Results and discussion. As a result of the study conducted 18 elements were identified in all batches of the raw material. The prevailing content of potassium was identified in the samples from the Kharkiv, Zhytomyr and Poltava regions. The calcium content prevailed in the samples from the Kharkiv, Zhytomyr and Cherkasy regions. The greatest content of silicon and magnesium was identified in the samples from the Kharkiv and Zhytomyr regions. Nickel, molybdenum and lead were in the least quantity among the microelements in the feverfew herb. The content of cobalt, cadmium, arsenic and mercury was within the maximum permissible limits. Conclusions. For the first time the study of the mineral composition of samples of the feverfew herb from different regions of Ukraine was carried out using the atomic emission spectroscopy. The studies conducted indicate that the content of potassium, calcium, silicon and magnesium prevails in all samples of the raw material.

VALIDATION OF THE QUANTITATION METHODS OF 1-(β-PHENYLETHYL)-4-AMINO-1,2,4- TRIAZOLE BROMIDE SUBSTANCE BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD

Objective: The aim of the work was to determine the validation characteristics for the developed method of quantitation of 1-(β-phenylethyl)-4- amino-1,2,4-triazole bromide substance by absorption spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region (UV).Methods: For study purposes, the 1-(β-phenylethyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole bromide substance and the standard sample, obtained by the state enterprise “plant of chemical reagents” of scientific and technological complex “institute of single crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, was used. In the course of our work, we used chemical, physical, physicochemical (absorption spectrophotometry in the UV region), and statistical methods of analysis. The study was carried out at the Laboratory for Standardization and Technology of Medicines at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at Zaporizhzhia State Medical University (Ukraine).Results: In the previous studies, we have developed a technique for spectrophotometric determination of the quantitative content of 1-(β-phenylethyl)- 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole bromide substance. The results of the studies showed that the absorption curve in the UV region of the substance solution has three absorption maxima, namely: λ1=252 nm, λ2=258 nm, and λ3=263 nm. To quantify the substance, the wavelength λ2=258 nm was used. The results of the quantitation of the 1-(β-phenylethyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole bromide substance by spectrophotometric method prove that the technique developed by us is accurate and reproducible and meets the current requirements. To the developed methodology to ensure accurate and accurate analysis results, its validation was carried out. According to the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (2 editions), the developed method for quantitation of the substance was checked for such validation characteristics as specificity, linearity, range of application, accuracy, correctness, and robustness.Conclusions: As a result of the work, it was proved that the method of quantitation of 1-(β-phenylethyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolе bromide substance by spectrophotometric method is valid.

Мінеральний склад коренеплодів та плодів пастернаку посівного (PASTINACA SATIVA L.) сорту “Петрик”

Introduction. Human health preserving in an environment of eco-depending pathologies is the most important issue of modern medicine and pharmacy. The presence of certain mineral substances in the body in an appropriate quantity is one of the conditions for maintaining and preserving human health. Despite the fact that minerals do not have energy value, like proteins, fats and carbohydrates, many enzymatic processes in the body are impossible without their participation. Thus, the most important functions of a living organism are the realization of genetic information, the formation of subcellular structures, metabolic processes of energy production, the functioning of all organs and systems, depend on the quantitative and qualitative content of mineral substances in the body.The aim of the study – to determine macro- and microelement composition of parsnip`s roots and fruits of "Petrik" variety.Research Methods. Determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of macro- and microelements of dried parsnip`s roots and fruits – Pastinaca sativa L. "Petrik" variety was carried out by atomic-emission spectroscopy with photographic registration in the State scientific institution "Institute for single crystals" of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.Results and Discussion. 19 elements were detected as a result of experimental studies. The roots predominantly contains potassium (2010.00 mg of /100 g), calcium (435.00 mg/100g), magnesium (300.00 mg/100g), sodium (270.00 mg /100 g), phosphorus (235.00 mg/100g); in fruits – potassium (1510.00 mg/kg). Roots are rich on zinc (13.40 mg/100g). Content of other elements are less than 0.1 mg /100 g.Conclusions. 19 elements were found in the roots and fruits of parsnip. Potassium (2010.00 mg/100g), calcium (435.00 mg/100g), magnesium (300.00 mg/100g) are dominated in the roots of parsnip; potassium is dominated in fruits (1510.00 mg/100 g). The results of the research will be used for further phytochemical studies of parsnip and the development of new drugs on it base.

ЕЛЕМЕНТНИЙ СКЛАД БРУНЬОК БАЛЬЗАМІЧНИХ ТОПОЛЬ, ЯКІ КУЛЬТИВУЮТЬ В УКРАЇНІ

Методом атомно-емісійної спектрографії у бруньках п’яти видів бальзамічних тополь, які культивують в Україні, визначено вміст 19 елементів. В бруньках усіх видів за вмістом переважають К (925 - 1190 мг/100г), Са (530 - 655 мг/100г) та Мд (200 - 245 мг/100г). Найбільший вміст практично усіх елементів визначено у бруньках тополі волосистоплідної.

РОЗРОБКА МЕТОДИКИ КІЛЬКІСНОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ДЛЯ ПОСТАДІЙНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ТАБЛЕТОК «ГІПЕРТРИЛ»

<p align="center">L.I.Kucherenko, N.V.Parnyuk, Z.B.Moryak</p><p><strong>DEVELOPMENT </strong><strong>OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION METODS </strong><strong>FOR THE STEPWISE CONTROL OF "HYPERTRIL" TABLETS PRODUCTION</strong><strong></strong></p><p align="center">Zaporizhzhia State Medical University</p><p align="center">“Pharmatron” Scientific-and-Production Corporation</p><p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong>: <em>hypertril, tablet mass, tablets, spectrophotometry</em><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Introduction</strong></p><p>Last 20-25 years inUkraineare characterized by unfavorable demographic situation, a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. The deterioration ofUkrainepopulation health is often caused by cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of treatments for diseases of the cardiovascular system is the actual problem of modern medicine and pharmacy. This led to the creation of fundamentally new antianginal and antihypertensive medication of original structure, which will have a minimum of side effects. At the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Zaporizhzhia State Medical University in collaboration with the SPC "Pharmatron" under the direction of Professor Mazur I.A, a new original compound - bromide 1-β-phenylethyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole (hypertril) is received and shows antihypertensive, antiischemic and antioxidant properties. Most drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular disease are used in pill form. Therefore, the new elected rational drug dosage form is a pill.</p><p><strong>The aim of research </strong></p><p>Development of methods of standardization, in particular quantitative content of hypertril in tablet weight by physical and chemical methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods </strong></p><p>During technological research a drug (pill average weight0.15 grams) containing0.02 gof active substance, was developed. During the stepwise control of pill's production the greatest attention is paid to quality control of tablet weight. One of the most modern methods of pharmaceutical analysis is instrumental methods, including spectral one.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion </strong></p><p>During previous studies, we have developed a method of spectrophotometric determination of hypertril substance. The studies showed that the absorption curves in the UV region of our and standard designs are identical and absorption maxima coincide. For the qualitative and quantitative determination of hypertril in tablet weight, a spectrophotometric determination method was approbated. Also it was developed and used to standardize hypertril substance.</p><p><em>Identification of the substance in hypertril tablet weight by spectrophotometry. </em></p><p>We measure the optical spissitude of the prepared solution of hypertril tablet weight.</p><p><em>Preparation of standard solution (comparison solution). </em>We measure the optical spissitude of the standard sample at a wavelength λ = 258 nm. As a standard substance we use hypertril sample (state owned enterprise "Plant of chemical reagent" of Science and Technology Complex "<em>Institute for Single Crystals</em> " NAS of Ukraine), which meets the requirements of quality control methods. Terms of spectrophotometric determination.</p><p>Optical spissitude measurement of solutions was held by scanning spectrophotometer Optizen POP, relatively solvent water, the thickness of the cuvette -1 cm, wavelength λ = 258 nm. As a result of our research the methodology of standardization of hypertril in tablet weight was designed by spectrophotometry method that is simple and easy in execution, replicable and meets all the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia and international standards.</p><p><strong>Findings </strong></p><p>As a result of research, we developed a sensitive, objective, reliable and reproducible method for the spectrophotometric determination of hypertril in the tablet mass.</p><p><strong>References</strong><strong></strong></p><ol><li>Belenichev I.F., Kucherenko L.I., Volchik Yu.A., Abramov A.V., Buhtiyarova N.V. Some aspects of cardioprotective activity of new b-adrenoblocker with NO-mimetic effect «Hypertril» on myocardial infarction model. <em>Farmakolog</em><em>i</em><em>ya ta l</em><em>i</em><em>karska toksikolog</em><em>i</em><em>ya</em> 2014; 4–5 (40): 11-16</li><li>Georgievskiy G.V. Development of the complex physical and chemical methods, ensuring the creation and control of the quality of the original domestic products, 1,2,4-triazole. <em>Zaporozhskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal</em> 2011; 13(1): 58–69.</li><li><em>Derzhavna</em><em> </em><em>Farmakopeia</em><em> </em><em>Ukrainy</em><em> [</em><em>State</em><em> </em><em>Ukrainian</em><em> </em><em>Pharmacopeia</em><em>]. </em>Kharkiv, 2<em>; </em>2008: 620.</li><li>Kucherenko L.I., Hromilova O.V., Moryak Z.B., Tkachenko G.I., Vaschenko O.V. Stage control of tablets manufacturing. <em>Aktualn</em><em>i</em><em> pitannya farmatsevtichnoi </em><em>i</em><em> medichnoi nauki ta praktiki</em> 2014; #2: 31-34.</li><li><em>5. </em>Mazur I.A, Belenichev I.F., Chekman I.S. <em>Using</em><em> 1-(</em><em>β</em><em>-</em><em>phenylethyl</em><em>)-4-</em><em>amino</em><em>-1,2,4-</em><em>triazolium</em><em> </em><em>bromide</em><em> (</em><em>Hypertril</em><em>) </em><em>as</em><em> </em><em>an</em><em> </em><em>active</em><em> </em><em>base</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>drug</em><em> </em><em>preparations</em><em> </em><em>for</em><em> </em><em>correcting</em><em> </em><em>dysfunctions</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> </em><em>nitroxydergic</em><em> </em><em>system</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>target</em><em> </em><em>organs</em><em> </em><em>accompanying</em><em> </em><em>homocysteinemia</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> </em><em>acute</em><em> </em><em>cerebrovascular</em><em> </em><em>disorders</em><em>.</em> Patent RU 2 532 394, 2013.<em></em></li><li>Mazur I.A, Belenichev I.F., Chekman I.S. <em>Using of 1-(β-phenylethyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium bromide as an active bast of medical agents for correction of nitroxidergic system dysfunction atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus</em>. Patent UA 84351, 2013</li><li>Mazur I.A., Chekman I.S., Belenichev I.F., Voloshin N.A. <em>Metabolitotropnyie preparati. Zaporozhe, </em>2007: 304.</li><li><em>European Pharmacopoeia</em>.Strasbourg: Сouncil ofEurope 2007: 1100.</li><li>Sevgi T.U.,Fikriye T.E. Spectrophotometric method for the determination, validation, spectroscopic and thermal analysis of diphenhydramine in pharmaceutical preparation. <em>Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy</em> 2010; 77: 324–329.</li><li>White W.<em> </em><em>Blood</em><em> </em><em>pressure</em><em> </em><em>monitoring</em><em> </em><em>in</em><em> </em><em>cardiovascular</em><em> </em><em>medicine</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> </em><em>therapeutics</em><em>.</em><em>New</em><em> </em><em>Jersey</em><em>:</em> <em>Humana</em><em> </em><em>Press</em> 2011: 308.</li></ol>

Features of acoustic resonance in iron borate

Acoustic resonance in a weak-ferromagnetic iron borate monocrystal was investigated. It was shown that observed field dependence of positions and magnitudes of the resonance peaks can be explained within framework of the developed theory of magnetic birefringence of sound in the inhomogeneous magnetized sample. © 2014-STC 'Institute for Single Crystals'.

To Oleg Shishkin

Dr.Sc. in Chemistry, Acting General Director of the SSI “Institute for Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Head of the Department of X-ray Diffraction Studies and Quantum Chemistry, an extraordinary man – Prof. Oleg Valeryevich Shishkin who passed away at the age of 47.

Development of Growth Technologies for the Photonic Single Crystals by the Czochralski Method at Institute for Single Crystals, NAS of Ukraine

The present paper brie y overviews the application of the Czochralski method for growth of a set of oxide crystals for photonics, as well as the design of equipment at the Institute for Single Crystals, NAS of Ukraine. The examples of crystal growth and their characterization are described. The simultaneous Q-switched lasing and self-Raman frequency conversion were demonstrated in Nd-doped PbWO4 and PbMoO4 crystals grown by the Czochralski method. The slope lasing e ciency obtained for a PbMoO4:Nd 3+ laser is the best result for all the crystals with the scheelite-type structure. A detection unit with high scintillation characteristics based on a large volume (V ≈ 350 cm) CdWO4 crystal was produced. Crystal growth procedures and properties of new double tungstate and vanadate crystals are presented, too.

Спектрофотометрическое определение гидроксид-ионов с использованием бромтимолового синего

It was proposed to use two-color acid-base indicator as a reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of the hydroxyl ions. The conditions of OH – -ions determination in aqueous solution with bromothymol blue were investigated. A spectrophotometric technique for the basic impurities determination in cesium iodide that is based on dissolution of the sample in a bromothymol blue solution and absorption measuring at 620 nm was developped. Key words : hydroxyl ions, cesium iodide, spectrophotometry, bromothymol blue. (Russian) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.1.016 O.V. Gayduk STC “Institute for Single Crystals” of Ukraine NAS , Kharkоv, Ukraine

A novel concept for the manufacture of individual sapphire-metallic hip joint endoprostheses

During the last decade, hip joint endoprostheses have been ever more widely carried out in orthopaedic practice in the world; more than 400 000 operations are performed every year and more than 100 types of endoprosthetic construction have been designed [1, 2]. The best known are those of Biomet, Zimmer (USA), and Aesculap (Germany), in which metallic and polymer or ceramic and polymer joints are used. Analysis of the results of endoprosthetic operations on joints show that in 7–12% of cases 2–3 years later, and in 25–30% of cases 5–7 years later, complications arise that are generally deleterious to the health of the recipient [3]. The most frequent and dangerous complication is an aseptic shattered condition of the endoprosthesis in the bone tissue, which leads to the necessity of recurrent operations. One of the negative factors leading to this condition is friction in the hinge of the artificial joint, releasing nanoparticles produced from the endoprosthetic material. Furthermore, different loads in the hinge of the endoprosthesis during walking cause friction in the components of the joint and it wears out (see Fig. 1). A novel concept for the manufacture of individual sapphire-metallic hip joint endoprostheses A.G. Mamalis, J.J. Ramsden, A.I. Grabchenko, L.A. Lytvynov, V.A. Filipenko and S.N. Lavrynenko 1 Laboratory of Manufacturing Technology, National Technical University of Athens, Greece 2 Advanced Materials Department, Cranfield University, UK 3 Department of Integrated Technologies in Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University Kh. P. I., Kharkov, Ukraine 4 Institute for Single Crystals, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine 5 Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Kharkov, Ukraine

Analytical Chemistry at the Institute of Single Crystals of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

The paper describes the history and main lines of inquiry of the Analytical Laboratory at the Institute of Single Crystals (Kharkov, Ukraine) organized in 1955.

Study of The Homogeneity Of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors

AbstractSeveral analytical techniques have been used in the study of the homogeneity of Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) single crystals grown by the vertical high pressure Bridgman (VHPB) method. The presence of black inclusions and tubular hollow pipes has been observed by a few methods, such as photoluminescence (PL), infrared (IR) transmission microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The crystals investigated were grown commercially in the USA, at the Institute of Single Crystals in Kharkov, Ukraine, and at the Institute of Solid State Physics, Moscow, Russia. We discuss the homogeneity of the various CZT crystals based on the results from these measurement techniques.

Dichroism of NaNO3 single-crystals in ultra-violet and infra-red regions

The initial material for the preparation of the samples were NaNO3 crystals (grown in the Research Institute of Single Crystals in Turnov) from which plane-parallel plates 1.75 mm thick and oriented parallel to the optical axis were made. With such an orientation not only the transmissivity but also the dichroism of the crystal can be measured. The measurements were made in the ultra-violet, visible and near infra-red regions on an SP 700 spectrophotometer from the Unicam firm, and in the infra-red region up to 15 μ on a small infra-red spectrophotometer [1].