Molecular Sciences Institute Research Articles

Design of an 18 m spherical-grating monochromator at UVSOR.

An 18 m spherical-grating monochromator with high resolution and high photon flux has been developed at the bending-magnet beamline BL2B2 of the UVSOR facility in the Institute for Molecular Science. The monochromator is designed to cover the energy range 20-200 eV by using three gratings: G1 (2400 lines mm(-1), R = 18 m) at 80-200 eV; G2 (1200 lines mm(-1), R = 18 m) at 40-100 eV; G3 (2400 lines mm(-1), R = 9.25 m) at 20-50 eV. A resolving power of 5000 and a photon flux of more than 10(10) photons s(-1) are expected at a 100 mA ring current. A small including angle of 140 degrees is adopted for G3 and two plane mirrors coated with aluminium are located between G3 and the exit slit as optical filters. These geometrical devices may contribute significantly to the reduction of the high-order lights.

Performance of a helical undulator of the UVSOR.

A helical undulator was installed in the 0.75 GeV storage ring of the UVSOR facility of the Institute for Molecular Science. The undulator was designed to produce the fundamental of the circularly polarized undulator radiation in the energy range 2-43 eV, and the higher harmonics with elliptical polarization in the energy range up to 300 eV. Recently, the first spectrum from the undulator was observed. The performance of the undulator and the obtained spectrum are reported.

Photoelectron spectromicroscopy experiments at the UVSOR facility

Abstract Photoelectron spectromicroscopy experiments have been started at the UVSOR facility of the Institute for Molecular Science. The commercial system (FISONS instruments, ESCALAB 220i-XL) has been connected to two beamlines which cover the photon energy range of 10 eV–5 keV. It is expected that spatial resolution of 2 μm for the imaging mode and 20 μm for the spectroscopic mode can be achieved. In conjunction with monochromatized (and polarized) synchrotron radiation light from the UVSOR storage ring, it is planned to undertake some experiments using this apparatus, not only for surface science but also for spectroscopy of small samples. As a demonstration of the apparatus, the magnetic domain image of Fe(110) surface with magnetic dichroism effect is shown. The photoemission spectra from small organic materials (DI-DCNQI) 2 -M (M=Ag, Cu) are also presented.

High-pressure solid-state spectroscopy at UVSOR by Infrared Synchrotron Radiation

Solid-state spectroscopy by infrared synchrotron radiation (IRSR) has been in use since 1985 at the beamline BL6A1 of UVSOR, the electron storage ring facility of the Institute for Molecular Science at Okazaki in Japan. The wavelength region covered by BL6A1 extends from the near-infrared to the millimeter wave region (1 µm to 3 mm). Up to now, many types of experiments have been done there. In the present article, after a description of the optics of BL6A1 and of the time-resolved infrared spectrum of the source, I discuss the use of that beamline for spectroscopy with diamond anvil cells (DAC) in the far-infrared region. Spectroscopy under high pressure, based either on transmission and on reflection measurements, has been carried out in order to show the advantage of the utilization of the infrared synchrotron radiation with respect to conventional sources. In the former type of experiment, the bulk TO phonon spectra of alkali halide thin films have been measured in order to observe the change in the phonon spectrum due to the phase transition under pressure. The transmission spectrum on the surface phonon state of CuBr microcrystals has also been measured in order to study the response of the surface phonon state to a pressure up to 20 GPa. The reflectivity spectra under pressure have been done instead on a single crystal of KCl, where a change in the rest-strahlen band of KCl due to the phase transition has been observed. Through these measurements one has confirmed that infrared synchrotron radiation is a powerful light source, particularly for those experiments where the acceptance angle of the sample surface with respect to the incident light beam is very small. This is indeed the case of spectroscopy under high pressure in a diamond anvil cell. Finally, a proposal is presented for realizing an even more intense infrared radiation source on a storage ring, with particular regard to the spectroscopic investigation of solid specimens.

Resonance Raman Studies of Benzene Derivatives with Methoxy Substitution: Conformational Symmetry-Breaking Effects

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University; Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon; Pacific Northwest, National Laboratory; Steacie Institute for Molecular Science, National Research Council of Canada

Soft X-ray microscope with zone plate at UVSOR

A soft X-ray microscope with zone plates was set up at UVSOR [synchrotron radiation facility (750MeV, 200mA) at Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Japan]. A 50nm line & space pattern could be resolved at λ=3.2nm. With an environmental chamber (wet cell) using SiN windows, wet biological specimens, such as letus protoplasts, rabbit myofibrils, tubulin of COS cell and Deinococcus radiodurans strains, could be observed at λ=2.5nm. In the present microscope, the numerical aperture of the condenser was much smaller than that of the objective. To adjust both the numerical apertures, an ellipsoidal condenser mirror system was tested, and preliminary result (an image of Cu mesh, 12.7μm pitch) was obtained.

Design of a helical undulator for UVSOR

The design concept and the expected performance of a helical undulator which is to be installed in the 0.75 GeV storage ring, UVSOR, of the Institute for Molecular Science are reported. The undulator should produce perfectly circularly polarized light in the energy range of 2 – 45 eV and elliptically and linearly polarized light with energies up to 300 eV.

P-A2-10 How to avoid the multiple-minima problem in the protein folding simulations: Okamoto, Y. and Hansmann, U.H.E. Institute for Molecular Science (Japan)

P-A2-10 How to avoid the multiple-minima problem in the protein folding simulations: Okamoto, Y. and Hansmann, U.H.E. Institute for Molecular Science (Japan)

Professor Hiroo Inokuchi: a pioneer and major contributor to the field of electronic processes in organic materials

A summary is given to some of the major scientific contributions of Professor Hiroo Inokuchi on the occasion of his retirement from the position of Director General of the Institute for Molecular Science.

Soft X-Ray Microscope with Zone Plates at UVSOR I: Performance

A soft X-ray microscope with zone plates was set up at UVSOR (synchrotron radiation facility at Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki). A 0.41 µm line-and-space pattern was clearly distinguished using an objective zone plate with the outermost zone width of 0.41 µm. Modulation transfer functions were measured at wavelengths of 3.1 nm and 5.4 nm, and compared with theoretical calculations. The experimental results corresponded fairly well with the theoretical ones, taking into account that a point spread function of a microchannel plate and fluorescent plate assembly used as a detector had a full width at half-maximum of 50 µm. A theoretical calculation of an intensity–wavelength distribution of illumination at an object plane was performed and compared with experimental results. Nonuniformity of illumination can be explained in terms of a distance between a specimen and a pinhole in front of it.

Soft x-ray beamline BL7A at the UVSOR

A vacuum-compatible double-crystal monochromator with constant exit-beam height has been installed and operated for several years at beamline BL7A at the UVSOR facility at the Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Japan, The beamline is used both for the photons from a normal bending-magnet section and those from a 4 T superconducting three-pole horizontal wiggler. Various pairs of monochromator crystals are being used with sufficient intensity and signal to noise ratio of the output signal. Basic structure of the beamline, the mechanism of the monochromator, and some typical spectra of materials with absorption edges between 850 eV and 4 keV are reported.

Design of an instrument for far-infrared microspectroscopy using a synchrotron radiation source

A design of a microspectrophotometric system using a synchrotron radiation (SR) source is described. The system covers a wide spectral range of 50–13000 cm−1, being under construction at the UVSOR BL6B beamline in the Institute for Molecular Science. Preliminary experiments in the mid-infrared region (500–5000 cm−1) have qualitatively confirmed the theoretical calculation that the synchrotron radiation is more intense than a blackbody (T=1200 K) when a microspectrophotomeric technique is applied, which is due to natural collimation and high brilliance of SR source. The SR as an infrared source exhibits its advantage on measuring the spectra of small single crystals especially in the far-infrared region.

Measurements of far-infrared optical constants of liquids with a synchrotron radiation source

The far-infrared optical constants of liquid acetonitrile, carbon disulfide, and carbon tetrachloride were determined from transmission measurements with a synchrotron radiation source at the Institute for Molecular Science (Okazaki). The small size of the synchrotron radiation source was of benefit to measurements of transmittances that were suited for an analysis based on an optical theory. From the transmittances of liquid acetonitrile at temperatures ranging from 238 to 343 K, both the absorption coefficients and the refractive indices were obtained by using the subtractive Kramers–Kronig relation proposed by Jones and co-workers. The dipole moment of liquid acetonitrile calculated from the optical constants, 4.5 ± 0.1 D, is nearly independent of temperature. The spectra of carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride were measured at pressures in the ranges 1–1800 bar and 1–1100 bar, respectively. The absorption coefficients were obtained from the transmittances by neglecting the dispersion of the refractive indices. The zeroth and second moments of the collision-induced absorption bands were obtained as a function of pressure, after resolving the overlap of intramolecular vibrational bands. Key words: far-infrared, optical constants, pressure, liquid, synchrotron radiation source.

Rectification Properties of In/Tetrabenzo [de, hi, op, st] Pentacene/Au Devices

physica status solidi (a)Volume 122, Issue 1 p. K97-K100 Short Note Rectification Properties of In/Tetrabenzo [de, hi, op, st] Pentacene/Au Devices T. Asahi, T. Asahi Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorM. Yudasaka, M. Yudasaka Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorK. Nakanishi, K. Nakanishi Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorS. Iwashima, S. Iwashima Faculty of Science and Technology, Meisei University, Tokyo Search for more papers by this authorJ. Aoki, J. Aoki Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba Search for more papers by this authorN. Sato, N. Sato College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo Search for more papers by this authorH. Inokuchi, H. Inokuchi Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaka Search for more papers by this author T. Asahi, T. Asahi Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorM. Yudasaka, M. Yudasaka Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorK. Nakanishi, K. Nakanishi Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University Search for more papers by this authorS. Iwashima, S. Iwashima Faculty of Science and Technology, Meisei University, Tokyo Search for more papers by this authorJ. Aoki, J. Aoki Faculty of Science, Toho University, Chiba Search for more papers by this authorN. Sato, N. Sato College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo Search for more papers by this authorH. Inokuchi, H. Inokuchi Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaka Search for more papers by this author First published: 16 November 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211220162Citations: 1 Tokiwadai 156, Yokohama 240, Japan. Hino, Tokyo 191, Japan. Funabashi, Chiba 274, Japan. Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153, Japan. Myodaiji, Okazaki 444, Japan. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume122, Issue116 November 1990Pages K97-K100 RelatedInformation

Soft x-ray beamline and a double-crystal monochromator of UVSOR (abstract)

The UVSOR is a 750-MeV dedicated electron storage ring in the Institute for Molecular Science at Okazaki, Japan. The ring was constructed mainly for the use of VUV photons. However, the intensity of the soft x-ray region around 10 Å region is not negligible. The ring is also equipped with a 4 T superconducting three-pole horizontal wiggler. We have constructed a beamline equipped with a monochromator in order to utilize the soft and normal x-ray photons from the ring. In order to separate the vacuum of the ring from that of the monochromator, a light tight Be foil of 10 μm in thickness is placed in the upstream of the monochromator in the beamline. The monochromator constructed is a high vacuum compatible with double crystal which provides constant offset of the output beam. The constant offset during the rotation of crystal plane was realized by a simple linkage of linear motions of the two crystals with two linear guides placed on both input and output beam levels. The mechanical movement was found to be very smooth through a full rotation of 60° (between 15° and 75° of Bragg angle). Monochromator crystals such as beryl (101̄0), quartz (101̄0), InSb(111), Ge(111), and Ge(220) whose 2d value is 15.965, 8.512, 7.481, 6.532, and 4.00 Å, respectively, are being used with a reasonable intensity and signal-to-noise ratio of output signal. The range of photon energy which can be used with this line is from 850 eV to 4 keV in the bending magnet section, and from 850 eV to 6 keV with a wiggler. Because of the comparatively low energy of 750 MeV of the electron, the heat load is not a severe problem, and no radiation damage was observed for the first beryl crystal during an exposure to the beam for several months. We have measured the Na K-edge XANES spectrum of a thin film of NaCl which was evaporated in situ on a collodion film in the sample chamber at room temperature by using beryl as monochromator crystal. From the doublet separation of the spectrum, we can estimate the resolution better than 1 eV, which is sufficient for this energy range. With Ge(220) as monochromator crystal, K edge of potassium has been measured with a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, the practical limit of the energy attainable in this beamline of bending magnet section is about 4 keV.

Utilization of synchrotron radiation in the far-infrared region (invited)

A spectroscopic system for the far-infrared region is described which was constructed at beamline BL6A1 of the UVSOR facility at the Institute for Molecular Science (Okazaki) and has been used since 1986. Intensity measurements at UVSOR proved that synchrotron radiation is a very bright source compared with a blackbody source throughout the entire far-infrared region. To demonstrate the advantages of synchrotron radiation in the far-infrared region, results on a reflection measurement of a small specimen and an absorption measurement under high pressure using a diamond anvil cell are shown. From the measurement of the shift of the TO phonon energy of KI with pressure, the mode Gruneisen parameter at room temperature was determined to be 1.70.

Far-infrared spectroscopy by synchrotron radiation at the UVSOR Facility

At the UVSOR Facility, Institute for Molecular Science, the practical use of the synchrotron radiation as a far-infrared light source has started. A spectroscopic system has been constructed at the beam line BL6A1 of UVSOR storage ring, which covers the wavenumber region from 5 to 250 cm−1. The cross sectional diameter of the light beam at the sample position is as small as 3 mm with the angular divergence of about 100 mrad. The system has been made mainly for the transmission and reflection measurements of small samples with small angular divergence by the use of the high brightness of the synchrotron radiation. Examples of observed transmission and reflectivity spectra are shown.

VUV/SOFT‐X‐RAY SPECTROSCOPIC FACILITIES AT THE SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LABORATORIES IN JAPAN

AbstractThe present status is described of the vacuum ultraviolet/soft‐X‐ray spectroscopic facilities at the synchrotron radiation laboratories in Japan. An overview is presented of the spectroscopic instruments available and under development at the SOR‐RING at the Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, the Photon Factory‐ring at the National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, the UVSOR at the Institute for Molecular Science, and the TERAS at the Electrotcchnical Laboratory. Emphasis is placed upon the unique features of the instruments developed in Japan.

The UVSOR facility: Status in 1985

At the Institute for Molecular Science, the UVSOR (ultraviolet synchrotron orbital radiation) Facility is now operational. The light source is a 600 MeV (max. 750 MeV) electron storage ring, the injector of which is a 600 MeV synchrotron with a 15 MeV linac. The maximum current attained so far is 330 mA. At present, eight optical systems are working and six optical systems are under construction. A wavelength region from far infrared to soft X-ray is covered. The main subjects of researches are spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, photochemistry and reaction dynamics of active species of gaseous and condensed materials.

Present Status of UVSOR

UVSOR constructed at the Institute for Molecular Science is an electron storage ring dedicated to synchrotron radiation research in molecular science and its related fields. The construction started in 1981, and the first beam was stored on 10th of Nov. in 1983. The maximum beam current up to this time is 200 mA and the e-folding lifetime of the beam is about 2 hours at the beam current of 100 mA. The injection energy of the ring is 600 MeV, and the injected beam can be accelerated up to 750 MeV. The critical wavelength of the synchrotron radiation from the ordinary bending magnets is 56.9 A at the electron energy of 600 MeV. A superconducting wiggler of which magnetic field is 4T is installed in 1984. This field strength gives the critical wavelength of 16.2 A at 600 MeV. An undulator with permanent magnets was also constructed. Single bunch operation was tried successfully. Some experimental works using synchrotron radiation have just started in 1984.