Polaroid Camera Research Articles

Hydrogen susceptibility of Al 5083 under ultra-high strain rate ballistic loading

Abstract The effect of hydrogen on the ballistic performance of aluminum (Al) 5083H131 was examined both experimentally and numerically in this study. Ballistics tests were conducted at a 30° obliquity in accordance with the ballistic test standard MIL-DTL-46027 K. The strike velocities of projectiles were ranged from 240 m s−1 to 500 m s−1 level in the room temperature. Electrochemical hydrogen charging method was utilized to introduce hydrogen into material. Chemical composition of material was analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Instant camera pictures were captured using high-speed camera to compare H-uncharged and H-charged specimen ballistics tests. The volume loss in partially penetrated specimens were assessed using the 3D laser scanning method. Microstructural examinations were conducted utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that with the increased deformation rate, the dominance of the HEDE mechanism over HELP became evident. Furthermore, the experimental findings were corroborated through numerical methods employing finite element analysis (FEM) along with the Johnson–Cook plasticity model and failure criteria. Inverse optimization technique was employed to implement and fine-tune the Johnson–Cook parameters for H-charged conditions. Upon comparing the experimental and numerical outcomes, a high degree of consistency was observed, indicating the effective performance of the model.

Make Me Black Music Video: A Project of DIVAS for Social Justice

The Make Me Black Music Video is a collaborative project created in 2022 by students of the STEAM for Social Change program to honor Black History Month. The initial idea for the music video was inspired when one of the STEAM for Social Change facilitators first heard the song while listening to a local Minnesota radio station, Purple Current. Also available as an internet stream, the Purple Current radio station focuses on Black music that honors the legacy of the late musician Prince Rogers Nelson. As the facilitator listened to the song Make Me Black, originally performed by Minnesotan Ashley Dubose, they saw it as a medium for teaching students the importance of seeing themselves as beautiful and joyful, while instilling pride in where they come from. Before creating their music video, students engaged in an 8-week session where they learned the history of MTV, including how the channel failed to play any artists of color until Michael Jackson’s Thriller became a global phenomenon in 1983. Students also analyzed the song lyrics, created storyboards using Polaroid cameras, and learned about the fundamentals of music video production. The original music was produced by Rich Lee and performed by Ashley DuBose. The students’ music video was filmed on location at their school sites and the DIVAS for Social Justice makerspace. It also features the artwork of educator and artist, Adam Johnson.

Periodic Graphics: The chemistry of Polaroid photography

Periodic Graphics: The chemistry of Polaroid photography

Using Photovoice to Explore the Lived Environment and Experience of Older Adults with Frailty on their Kidney Transplant Journey.

Older adults with frailty and kidney failure face higher waitlist mortality and are more likely to be listed as inactive on the kidney transplant (KT) wait list. Photovoice is a qualitative participatory research method where participants use photographs to represent their environment, needs and experiences. It offers unique insight into the lived environment and experience of patients and may offer direction in how to improve functional independence, symptom burden, and kidney transplant outcomes in adults with frailty. This photovoice study was embedded within a larger intervention adaptation project. Participants with pre-frailty or frailty awaiting a KT or recently post-transplant took photos with Polaroid cameras and wrote short descriptions for 11 prompts. Each participant completed a semi-structured interview wherein their photos were discussed. The team coded and discussed photos and interviews to determine overarching themes and implications. Focus groups were used to triangulate visual data findings. Sixteen participants completed both the photovoice and interview. Participants were a mean age of 60.5 years, 31.2% female, 43.4% self-identifying as Black, and 69% were frail. Outcomes were categorized into seven themes: functional space, home safety, medication management, adaptive coping, life changing nature of dialysis, support and communication. Visual data clarified and sometimes changed the interpretations of the text alone. Especially within the themes of home safety and functional space, safety hazards not previously recognized in the literature, like dialysis fluid storage, were identified. Photovoice contextualizes the living conditions and experiences of adults with frailty on the kidney transplant journey and could be a useful tool in geriatric nephrology and transplant. Addressing issues of home storage, organization, and accessibility should be explored as potential intervention targets. Incorporating participant values and goals into care decisions and interventional design should be further explored.

Barriers and facilitators of the built environment towards social participation, mental and physical health outcomes among seniors residing in a low-income urban community in Singapore: A qualitative study.

Background and Introduction: Health is complex and multifaceted, comprising domains including but not limited to physical, mental, and psychological health. While the built environment has proven to influence these domains, literature is still lacking in studying the effect of the built environment on social participation, as well as its influence on health outcomes in Singapore’s local context. Given the nation’s rapidly ageing population, rising chronic conditions and increased load in the provision of care, there is an urgent need for effective solutions to improve health. In particular, the built environment holds great potential, offering an opportunity for simple, tangible, and long-lasting interventions.
 Objective: This study aims to identify the barriers and facilitators of the built environment, both tangible and non-tangible, that limited or facilitated social participation in communal activities among seniors residing in a low-income urban community in Singapore.
 Methods: Photovoice go-along interviews were conducted in addition to semi-structured sit-down interviews with 25 seniors aged 65 and above residing in a low-income urbanised community, Marine Parade. Participants took the interviewer on a journey through their neighbourhood with polaroid cameras, then using the instant photographs, spoke of their thoughts and shared stories related to the aim of study. These interviews focused on elucidating the aspects of the built environment, both tangible and non-tangible, that limited or facilitated social participation and ultimately mental well-being, and physical health outcomes. All in-depth interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and uploaded into the qualitative software NVivo, and responses were coded with theoretical and emergent themes regarding participants’ perceptions of the built environment. Key conceptual categories were constantly refined until a saturation of categories informed a framework outlining the aspects of the built environment that impacted health outcomes.
 Findings: Collectively, 106 categories and 18 broader themes emerged. These preliminary themes reflected concerns of mobility as well as convenience, circulation, visibility, recognisability, and peacefulness of the space. Ideas were shared about how to improve the safety of pathways and routes, linkages to transportation as well as how to leverage on existing unused space to encourage social interaction. 
 Implications on Ageing and Gerontology: Understanding how the built environment influences social participation could be key to changing health outcomes. As we grow into a Super-Aged Society, we hope to harness the full potential of the built environment towards independent and joyful ageing.

Polaroidisation

Based on the work of the Polish photographer Wacław Nowak, who had the opportunity to photograph with an American Polaroid camera in the midst of the Cold War, this article focuses on the political entanglement of various materials and things identified with Western culture. Polaroidisation, as used in the title of the text, is the equivalent of the terms McDonaldisation or Coca-colonisation, which appear in treatises on American economic and political expansion. The subject of the text has become the entanglement of instant photographic techniques in the cultural rivalry of warring blocs of states. Like the famous exhibition The Family of Man (MoMA, 1955), which toured the world, repeatedly crossing the borders of the Iron Curtain, Polaroid materials and process were used as a tools of Western propaganda, promoting American values and technological inventions.

AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS TRANSLATION NARATIVE TEXT USING GOOGLE TRANSLATE

The study aims to find out the description of the process and accuracy of google translate to translate the text narrative. the translation was carried out at SMAN Karangbinangun, and the subject of this study was 15 students. This study used a qualitative descriptive methodology that explains naturally and in detail. The translation process is carried out by students. To find out the translation process and accurate Google Translate for text narrative translation the writer use instruments in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this google translate translation can be concluded to be accurate. This free language translator technology has helped a lot in bridging communication and language differences. The level of google translate is getting more sophisticated, google translate has been equipped with write-to-translate, speaking-to-translate, and instant camera features so that it can help students in translating text easily and quickly.

KineCAM

The kinegram is a classic animation technique that involves sliding a striped overlay across an interlaced image to create the effect of frame-by-frame motion. While there are known tools for generating kinegrams from preexisting videos and images, there exists no system for capturing and fabricating kinegrams in situ. To bridge this gap, we created KineCAM, an open source1 instant camera that captures and prints animated photographs in the form of kinegrams. We present our experience using KineCAM to create a portrait series, and discuss how this type of customizable instant camera platform can create new opportunities for experimental and social photography.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram Bagi Mahasiswa STMIK Borneo Internasional Balikpapan Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

Instagram is one of the most popular social media applications in Indonesia and in the world and almost all people access it. The word Instagram is a combination of Insta (instant) and telegram. Insta refers to a polaroid camera that can produce photos instantly. Through Instagram we can upload photos and videos, and publish them. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of the technology acceptance model related to the use of Instagram at STMIK Borneo International Balikpapan. The problems that exist in this study are the ease of using the system, the use of the system, and the attitude it causes. This type of research is a case study. The subjects in this study were active students at STMIK Borneo Internasional class 2018-2020 who had been actively using Instagram for the last 5 months. The technique used for data collection in this research is a survey method, and by using a questionnaire. The software used by researchers to analyze the research data is IBM SPSS 25. From the research results, users feel that it is easy to use Instagram social media, and users feel the benefits of Instagram social media. From the convenience and also the benefits felt by users, the interest in using Instagram social media also produces a very good response. Based on data analysis, Perceived usefulness (POU) has a positive and significant effect on behavior intention (BEU) using Instagram. The t-statistic value is 5.040 > 2.032 with a stg value of 0.000 < 0.05. Perceived ease of use (PEU) has a positive and significant effect on behavior intention (BEU) using Instagram. The t-statistic value is 3.903 > 2.032 with a stg value of 0.000 < 0.05. In other words, the ease and benefits obtained are one of the factors in increasing interest in using Instagram social media.

Feasibility and thematic analysis of narrative visualization materials with physical activity monitoring among breast cancer survivors

BackgroundBreast cancer survivors have a unique risk for negative health outcomes. Engaging in routine physical activity (PA) can reduce these risks. However, PA levels are low among this population. Narrative visualization (NV) is a technique that uses drawings, photographs, and text to contextualize data, which may increase integrated regulation, or motivation related to personal values and identity. A PA intervention targeting breast cancer survivors using an NV strategy may improve PA behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine whether scrapbooking activities could successfully be used as an NV strategy for older (55+) breast cancer survivors.MethodsBreast cancer survivors were given workbooks, wearable electronic activity monitors, instant cameras, and art supplies including a variety of stickers (e.g., emojis, affirmations). Participants were instructed to use these materials for 7 days. The workbook pages prompted participants to re-draw their daily activity graphs from the wearable’s mobile app, then annotate them with text, photographs, stickers, etc. to reflect what the data meant to them. Hybrid thematic analysis was used to analyze the photographs, drawings, and written content to identify emergent themes. Content analysis was also used to investigate use of stickers and photographs.ResultsOf the 20 consented women (mean age 67 ± 5 years, 45% non-Hispanic white), 3 participants were lost to follow-up or unable to complete the procedures. The NV procedures were successfully utilized by the remaining 17 participants, who collectively used 945 stickers over 7 days, most of which were emojis. Emojis were both positively and negatively valanced. Participants took a mean of 9 photos over 7 days and completed workbook questions regarding current PA and PA goals. Themes within the photos included family, specific locations, everyday objects, religion, and friends. Themes within the written portions of the workbook included family, chores and obligations, health, personal reflection, hobbies, and shopping.ConclusionsThe materials provided allowed breast cancer survivors to successfully use NV techniques to reflect on their PA data and behavior. These techniques show promise for promoting integrated regulation in activity monitoring interventions.Trial registrationThis study was funded by the National Cancer Institute (R21CA218543) beginning July 1, 2018.

Жанрова природа літературних усмішок Остапа Вишні

The article considers the genre features of Ostap Vyshnya’s works, which were included in his collection «Literary Vyshnya’s Smiles» (1927). Compositionally, it consists of two parts: actually smiles and literary cartoons dedicated to writ-ers (Mykola Khvylov, G. Kotsyuba, G. Kosynets, M. Ivchenko, J. Mamontov, A. Lyubchenko), and critics and literary critics V. Koryak, M. Zerov, Y. Mezhenko.In smiles, the writer raises in a humorous way the problems of contemporary literary life, in particular expresses his attitude to the diversity of literary organi-zations and styles («Plow», «Garth», panfuturists, symbolists, neoclassicists, re-alists), refl ects on literary skills, massism, extreme vulgar sociological criticism.The author avoids sharp sarcastic judgments, and in a friendly manner, as is typical of smiles, unfolds their plots, based on the comedy of words and situa-tions depicted in them. At the same time, Ostap Vyshnya does not hide his critical attitude to experimentation for the sake of experimentation, the primitivism of some works of his contemporaries, and the massism cultivated by organizations of proletarian and peasant writers.In literary cartoons, the writer skillfully reproduces the stylistic features of the authors, imitating their style of writing – impressionistic, romantic, etc., as well as skillfully parodies the themes of works (Nikolai Khvylovy – «Blue Etudes», «Ivan Ivanovich», G. Kotsyuba – «Son of the Earth», A. Lyubchenko – «Stormy Way», G. Kosynka – «Triangular Battle», J. Mamontov – «When the people are liberated»).Ostap Vyshnya was well acquainted not only with the work of contemporary writers, but also interested in critical reviews of their books. The result was the writing of literary reviews-parodies of critical products of such well-known mas-ters of the critical pen at the time, as V. Koryak («Shevchenko and the Canary», «She Died (End of Ukrainian Literature)», «Six and Six»), M. Zerov «Resurrected (The Beginning of Ukrainian Literature)», Yu. Mezhenko («Critical Notes»). At the same time, the genre experimentation of the humorist can be traced, who modifi es and fi lls smiles with a wide range of comic means – from play on words to depicting comic confl icts, stylization of contemporary literary-critical rhetoric. In fact, he creates «artistic» criticism in the genre of parody, cartoon, instant photography, sketch, feuilleton, etc., which are dominated by irony, a friendly smile, wit and laughter.

Impact of Maternal Daily Oral Low-Dose Vitamin A Supplementation on the Mother-Infant Pair: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial in China.

Background: The nutritional status of vitamin A in lactating mothers and infants is still not optimistic. Due to the dietary habits and dietary restrictions of postpartum customs in China, vitamin A supplementation has been advocated as a potential strategy to improve vitamin A status of lactating mothers with inadequate dietary vitamin A intake. Existing clinical trials are limited to single or double high-dose maternal administrations. However, in China, vitamin A supplements are readily available in the form of daily oral low-dose supplements, and the effect of these is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the retinol levels in the serum and breast milk of lactating mothers and the health status of infants in China. Methods: Lactating mothers who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breastfeeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral vitamin A and D drops (one soft capsule of 1800 IU vitamin A and 600 IU vitamin D2), or a matching placebo for 2 months. Before and after the intervention, dietary intake was investigated by instant photography, and the retinol concentration in maternal serum and breast milk was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. During the trial, the health status of infants was diagnosed by a paediatrician or reported by lactating mothers. A total of 245 participants completed the study, with 117 in the supplementation group and 128 in the control group. Results: After the 2-month intervention, maternal serum retinol concentrations increased in the supplementation group with no change in the control group. Although breast milk retinol concentrations decreased significantly in both groups, the decrease in the supplementation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. However, maternal vitamin A supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of infant febrile illness, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and eczema. Conclusions: Daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation is helpful in improving maternal vitamin A status, despite having no effect on infant health status through breast milk.

A survey of mHealth use from a physician perspective in paediatric emergency care in the UK and Ireland

There has been a drive towards increased digitalisation in healthcare. The aim was to provide a snapshot of current apps, instant messaging, and smartphone photography use in paediatric emergency care. A web-based self-report questionnaire was performed. Individual physicians working in paediatric emergency care recorded their personal practice. One hundred ninety-eight medical doctors completed the survey. Eight percent of respondents had access to institutional mobile devices to run medical apps. Eighty-six percent of respondents used medical apps on their personal mobile device, with 78% using Apple iOS devices. Forty-seven percent of respondents used formulary apps daily. Forty-nine percent of respondents had between 1–5 medical apps on their personal mobile device. Respondents who used medical apps had a total of 845 medical apps installed on their personal device, accounted for by 56 specific apps. The British National Formulary (BNF/BNFc) app was installed on the personal mobile device of 96% of respondents that use medical apps. Forty percent of respondents had patient confidentiality concerns when using medical apps. Thirty-eight percent of respondents have used consumer instant messaging services, 6% secure specialist messaging services, and 29% smartphone photography when seeking patient management advice.ConclusionApp use on the personal mobile devices, in the absence of access to institutional devices, was widespread, especially the use of a national formulary app. Instant messaging and smartphone photography were less common. A strategic decision has to be made to either provide staff with institutional devices or use software solutions to address data governance concerns when using personal devices.What is Known:• mHealth use by junior doctors and medical students is widespread.• Clinicians’ use of instant messaging apps such as WhatsApp is the widespread in the UK and Ireland, in the absence of alternatives.What is New:• Personal mobile device use was widespread in the absence of alternatives, with the British National Formulary nearly universally downloaded to physicians’ personal mobile devices.• A third of respondents used instant messaging and smartphone photography on their personal mobile device when seeking patient management advice from other teams in the absence of alternatives.

Reproducibility and relative validity of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for the Chinese lactating mothers

BackgroundThe dietary nutritional status of the lactating mothers is related to maternal health and has a significant impact on the growth and development of infants through the secretion of breast milk. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is the most cost-effective dietary assessment method that can help obtain information on the usual dietary pattern of participants. Until now, the FFQs have been used for different populations in China, but there are few FFQs available for the lactating mothers. We aimed to develop a semi-quantitative, 156-item FFQ for the Chinese lactating mothers, and evaluate its reproducibility and relative validity.MethodsA total of 112 lactating mothers completed two FFQs and one 3-d dietary record (3DR). The first FFQ (FFQ1) was conducted during postpartum at 60–65 days and the second FFQ (FFQ2) during subsequent follow-up at 5 weeks. The 3DR was completed with portion sizes assessed using photographs taken by the respondent before and after eating (instant photography) 1 week after FFQ1.ResultsFor reproducibility, the Spearman’s correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.34 to 0.68, and for nutrients from 0.25 to 0.61. Meanwhile, the intra-class correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.48 to 0.87, and for nutrients from 0.27 to 0.70. For relative validity, the Spearman’s correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.32 to 0.56, and for nutrients from 0.23 to 0.72. The energy-adjusted coefficients for food ranged from 0.26 to 0.55, and for nutrients from 0.22 to 0.47. Moreover, the de-attenuation coefficients for food ranged from 0.34 to 0.67, and for nutrients from 0.28 to 0.77. The Bland-Altman plots also showed reasonably acceptable agreement between the two methods.ConclusionsThis FFQ is a reasonably reproducible and a relative valid tool for assessing dietary intake of the Chinese lactating mothers.

Weerbaar tegen shame sexting en sextortion

Abstract Resilient against shame sexting and sextortion. Towards starting points for sharpened education about the risks of sexting among Dutch minors. Adolescents have been taking suggestive and explicitly sexual pictures of themselves for others since instant cameras were around. But since the introduction of smartphones and social media platforms, the speed of making and sending material and the opportunity for sharing have risen strongly. Sexting comes with risks, though. Although general risk communication has made adolescents more aware of the general risks of sexting, they should become more aware of the fact that sext receivers can make screenshots and might share this material at some point with others, without permission. To gather insight into adolescents’ sexting-related risk awareness, perceptions, and behaviors and how schools can design effective education to make students more resilient against the risks of shame sexting (making and/or spreading sexual images or videos without permission of the featured person) and sextorting (the use of such images and videos as means of coercion to gain money or sexual acts from the victim), we conducted a questionnaire-based study involving a population sample (N = 188) of young people between fifteen and twenty-one years of age at a school for intermediate vocational education in the eastern part of the Netherlands. The students prefer education about the risks of sexting based on authentic victim stories and want to know who to turn to in case of falling victim of shame sexting or sextortion. We raise suggestions on how to realize effective education on the risks of sexting in classrooms and supply possibilities for future research.

Designing Polaroid

While primarily known as a photographer of sweeping American landscapes, Ansel Adams also served as a corporate consultant, most notably for the electronics company Polaroid. During the course of his thirty-five-year-long consultancy, Adams tested every major Polaroid film and camera. This article argues that Adams’s consultancy was a form of design work, focused as he was on the usability and functionality of Polaroid prototypes, as well as the aesthetics of the test prints he produced. Occupying the roles of designer and user, Adams found that communicating effectively with engineers and scientists was far from straightforward, as he grappled with the problem of translating his experience with the prototypes into usable feedback that could be put into practice in Polaroid’s laboratories and eventually its factories. Adams’s consultancy, which functioned as a laboratory for examining his own aesthetic practice, also illuminates broader historical transitions in the relationship between artists and corporations in postwar American society.

Economical Laue x-ray diffraction using photographic film and orientation of single crystals.

Many Laue x-ray diffraction systems using the Polaroid XR-7 Land Diffraction Cassette camera became inactive after production of the required high sensitivity Polaroid T-57 instant film ceased. This Tutorial reports on a low-cost solution using the readily available replacement film with push processing to increase the effective film speed. The use of this film in the polaroid camera is described along with film development and digitization. The orientation of single crystals with the obtained data and free software is explained. A simple method to prepare single crystals with surfaces perpendicular to a desired crystallographic orientation is described. The content of this Tutorial may prove beneficial for educational and research laboratories.

Quantifying source apportionment for ambient haze: An image haze extraction approach with air quality monitoring data

The annual average concentration of fine particles (PM2.5) in Taiwan has been decreasing yearly. However, ambient haze has not abated and visibility is still poor. This study proposes a method for quantifying the source apportionment of ambient haze from various constituents, namely measured PM2.5, moisture, and secondary organic aerosols (SOA, represented by the sum of measured O3 and NO2 levels). This study's model-based demisting technology integrated image haze extracting technology with air quality monitoring data. The images for haze extraction were from the instant cameras of the Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency's air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs). Results indicate that haze constituents with the product of light extinction and scene depth have very high correlation (R2 ≥ 0.8452), which demonstrate that this quantification approach was successful. The contributions of ambient haze from various constituents had quarterly and regional variations in the eastern, northern, central, and southern regions of Taiwan, which are slightly, lowly, moderately, and heavily contaminated areas, respectively. Each area was assigned a selected representative AQMS to represent its ambient haze characteristics. Cases where the dominant contributors to haze were PM2.5, moisture, and SOA were studied, in addition to the event days of PM2.5 and ozone. We detail the limits of this approach, especially with regard to the use of images. This approach can help administrators understand the composition of ambient haze to generate effective haze strategies and policies. Residents can use this method to determine the health effects of daily haze.

Study On the Validity Of Instant Photography Method For Dietary Assessment In Undergraduate College Students

Background A healthy diet in a college student life is critical to ensure their normal growth, study and development. Aim In order to accurately assess the dietary pattern of college students and guide it, our study aims to evaluate the validity of instant photography as an alternative dietary assessment method in college students. Methods Nine participants were enrolled and given a presentation on dietary assessment methods, including weighing, 24-hour recall, and instant photography. The participants took pictures of their foods from three angles before and after eating for constant seven days, foods weighing was completed by others. Then, the participants recalled the foods’ weights after 24 hours. Two trained observers estimated food weight from the digital images (n = 285) gathered at the end of the study with the aid of Chinese food atlas reference. Results Instant photograph showed significant correlation with weighing method on food weights of grains, tubers, vegetables, fruits, meat and eggs (all P ? 0.01 ). 24-hour method had similar correlation with weighing method on food weights except fruits. Compared with 24-hour recall, instant photograph displayed underestimation on weights of grains, tubers, vegetables, and meat. However, instant photograph had more accurate estimations on weights of fruits and egg. Furthermore, compared with nutrients data from weighing method, both instant photography and 24-hour recall methods showed promising estimations on the amounts of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, calcium, iron and zinc (all P < 0.001 ). Compared with 24-hour recall, instant photograph displayed underestimation on the amounts of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc. However, instant photograph had a more accurate estimation on calcium. Conclusion Instant photography is an easy and feasible dietary assessment method for college students, with valid estimations.

Retromedia-in-practice: A practice theory approach for rethinking old and new media technologies

The article aims at investigating the persistence and comeback of old media technologies (phenomena we define, in short, ‘retromedia’) by developing a distinctive theoretical approach named retromedia-in-practice and based on practice theory. Far from being abandoned and forgotten, many old media devices and artefacts (such as vinyl records, cassette tapes, analogue photographic cameras, early videogames and brick mobile phones, to mention just a few notable examples) are nowadays readopted by young generations and niche media subcultures. However, most of the existing literature focusing on these cases has limits and shortfalls, resulting in a partial and misleading understanding of these phenomena: scholars and theorists often put at the centre the cultural fascination for vintage objects and the nostalgia effect; other studies rely on a taken-for-granted distinction between old and new media; the relational and processual nature of media change is rarely addressed; and in general, research lacks a framework capable of adequately integrating symbolic processes with material and technological features. In order to cope with these shortfalls, the article adopts the approach of practice theory, which enables to focus not on the media themselves, but on the practices associated with them. After presenting the distinctive framework of analysis, we exemplify our approach by analysing three different cases coming from music (vinyl records), photography (Polaroid-like instant photography) and videogaming (the ‘consolization’ of old arcade games). These case studies rely on original empirical data coming from authors’ qualitative research. The article concludes by arguing that a shift from considering retromedia as objects or discourses to retromedia-in-practice allows to both address the processual nature of retromedia and propose an interpretation that keeps together media materiality, their meanings and also the embodied activities and behaviours that are attached to them.