Engine Installation Research Articles

Workshop Pembuatan dan Aplikasi Penggunaan Relay Pengganti Staircase pada Instalasi Penerangan di SMKN 1 Sumbar

In the practicum, SMKN 1 West Sumatra has used various types of switches but has not used a Staircase Switch or a Relay to Relay pengganti Saklar Staircase. As we know, switches are electrical devices with various types, purposes and different usage situations. In general, switches are divided into two, namely manual and automatic switches. Manual switches require physical action from the user but automatic switches work automatically based on certain automatic settings. Through this Community Service, the team from the Padang State Polytechnic D3 Electrical Engineering Study Program is trying to introduce Staircase Switches and Relay pengganti Saklar Staircase. It is hoped that it can contribute to science and technology that can be used in practicums by SMKN 1 West Sumatra, especially the Electrical Power Installation Engineering Expertise Program. In implementing this community service using a workshop method where the participants are teachers and students, the team explained in detail about the Relay pengganti Saklar Staircase and training on how to use it. Based on the results of the workshop and questionnaire, this switch is very suitable for use in the practical work of the Electrical Power Installation Engineering Skills Program at SMKN 1 West Sumatra because this switch is designed with user friendly principles, has a timer feature with high accuracy, a time display indicator and a simple wiring circuit. Through this community service, the Team from the D.3 Electrical Engineering Study Program grant a Relay pengganti Saklar Staircase unit to SMKN 1 West Sumatra as a form of technology transfer and development of learning materials.

Reconstructing Study Habits Through Adlerian Family Counseling: Application for Electrical Power Installation Engineering Students at SMKN 2 Surabaya

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Adlerian-based family counseling in reducing poor study habits among 11th-grade Electrical Power Installation Engineering students at SMKN 2 Surabaya. The method used was a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Five students with high levels of poor study habits were selected as research subjects. The results showed that the average score of poor study habits decreased from 115.2 in the pretest to 88.6 in the posttest, with a significant difference (ρ=0.031). The intervention included building collaborative relationships, problem exploration and analysis, insight development, and reorientation for change. Adlerian-based family counseling was proven effective in enhancing students' motivation, discipline, and time management through active parental involvement. This study concludes that this approach has a positive impact on reconstructing students’ study habits, strengthening family relationships, and creating a more conducive learning environment. The model is recommended as an intervention strategy to support holistic family-based education.

Reverse Thrust Aerodynamics of Variable Pitch Fans with Inlet Distortion

Abstract Variable pitch fans can improve the operability of low pressure ratio fan systems by re-pitching the rotor blades. If a variable pitch fan can generate sufficient reverse thrust on landing it also eliminates the need for heavy, cascade-type thrust reversers. However, any reverse thrust generation is impacted by high levels of inlet distortion generated as air is drawn into the exhaust nozzle. This paper uses RANS computations and low-speed rig experiments to explore how a representative inlet distortion from the engine installation affects the aerodynamics and performance of a variable pitch fan operating in reverse thrust mode. The simulations and the experiments show that the distortion from the engine installation leads to a highly three-dimensional flow field with a large recirculation region within the bypass duct. The distortion substantially redistributes the mass flow, thrust and power in the engine. Streamline tracking combined with a power balance analysis reveals highly radial flow within the fan rotor, with almost all the fan power used to drive the recirculating flow in the bypass duct, generating high loss and high total temperature. The recirculation reduces the net mass flow through the engine to around 5% of a uniform inflow case and greatly reduces the effective reverse thrust. With uniform inflow, the net reverse thrust was found to be 35% of the nominal takeoff thrust. With inlet distortion, this was reduced to 20%. This demonstrates the importance of designing and operating variable pitch fan systems to minimise reverse thrust inlet distortion.

Eco-Friendly Roller Compacted Concrete: A Review

Sustainable evolution is vital to address miscellaneous issues, and experts are currently exploring the possibilities of Eco-Friendly concrete (Green concrete). This type of concrete involves using environmentally and economically viable substances that can act as entire or partial replacements for conventional materials. By doing so, it can assist in reducing the consumption of natural resources and energy, as well as minimize pollution. For example, several researchers have performed on incorporating sustainable approaches in roller compacted concrete RCC by replacing certain substances with eco-friendly alternatives. That is a favorable step toward devising more sustainable construction practices. Therefore, this study resorted to reapplying recycled plastic garbage (sustainable plastic) to construct environmentally eco-friendly concrete (green concrete). First, examine the possibility of using plastic as a partial substitute for fine-aggregates in RCC mixtures. Second, examination of the possibility of using plastic as a partial substitute for coarse-aggregates in RCC mixtures to enhance the performance of RCC. In early periods, a suitable RCC mix was designed in the lab to test the concrete strength, freezing-thawing, permeability, durability, erosion, and porosity of set concrete. The findings confirmed that RCC can maintain the same properties as traditional concrete using the known mixtures. Trial tests were designed and organized to evaluate the quality of pouring and compaction operations, suitable mix composition, and void specimens to accomplish testing on the constructed RCC. It has shown that RCC with prime ingredients and proper ratios can be performed with similar strength and durability as conventional concrete. However, RCC differs from ordinary concrete pavements. This technology provides a favorable economical alternative for many branches of civil engineering installations.

Development of Learning Media Based on Electrical Control Techniques Simulator to Improve Learning Achievement (Studies on Electrical Power Installation Engineering Subjects for Class XI Students at Rejang Lebong Vocational School)

This research aims to describe the development of Electrical Control Techniques Simulator-based learning media which can improve student learning achievement in the Electrical Power Installation Engineering subject and describe the effectiveness of developing Electrical Control Techniques Simulator-based learning media in improving student learning achievement in the Electrical Power Installation Engineering subject. In this research, R&D (Research and Development) design was used with the ADDIE model. The research subjects were class XI students majoring in Electrical Power Installation Engineering at Rejang Lebong State Vocational School. The data collection technique used is qualitative, namely collecting data by conducting observations, questionnaires and quantitatively by collecting pretest data before learning takes place and post-test after learning using learning media. Data analysis used average values and t-test. The validation instrument for material and media experts in research is the Likert scale. The results of the scale trial carried out on 60 students, consisting of 30 students (XI TITL2) in the control class and 30 students (XI TITL1) in the experimental class at SMKN 1 Rejang Lebong with the results of the post-test t test analysis showing sig (2-tailed) is 0.000, meaning the sig (2-tailed) is smaller than <0.05, meaning there is a significant difference between the experimental class and the control class. The conclusions of this research are: (1) The Electrical Control Techniques Simulator-based learning media developed is suitable for improving student learning achievement in the class XI Electrical Power Installation Engineering subject. (2) Development of Electrical Control Techniques Simulator-based learning media is effective in improving student learning achievement.

Relevansi Tempat Prakerin, Pengalaman Bermakna Saat Praktikum dan Iklim Kelas Terhadap Kematangan Vokasional Siswa SMK di Kota Blitar

The aim of this research is to reveal the relationship between the place of internship (X1), meaningful experiences during the practicum (X2), and classroom climate (X3) on vocational maturity (Y) both partially and simultaneously and to describe each variable. The research design used is quantitative with descriptive correlational research. The sample from this research was class Based on data analysis, it is known that there is a significant relationship between the relevance of the internship site and vocational maturity at 26%, while the relationship between meaningful experiences during practicum and vocational maturity is 17% and the relationship between class climate and vocational maturity is 55%. Thus, the effective contribution of the independent variable (X) to the dependent variable (Y) is 98%. The conclusion of this research is that there is a positive and significant relationship, both partially and simultaneously, between the relevance of the internship site, meaningful experiences during practicum and classroom climate on the vocational maturity of class XII vocational school students majoring in Electrical Power Installation Engineering in Blitar City.

Impact of Variable Speed Drive Jobsheet Integrated with Project-Based Learning Model on Electric Motor Control Skills of Vocational Students

The problem in this study is that many students in the electrical power installation engineering (EPIE) class have not mastered the skills of electric motor control (EMC). This is because the teacher still uses traditional methods in the learning process. Namely, the teacher actively explains the material according to practical experience rather than referring to EMC learning objectives. This study aims to apply a variable speed drive (VSD) jobsheet based on project-based learning (PjBL) in the EMC learning process and measure the effectiveness of the jobsheet applied. The research method used was a pre-experiment with an intact group comparison research design. The research subjects were taken from 11th-grade students of vocational schools majoring in electrical power installation engineering and were assessed using a questionnaire instrument to evaluate students' EMC performance. Data analysis techniques used were independent t-test and effect size test. Based on the independent t-test analysis results, the t-value is larger than the t-table (t = 4.936 > 1.99962), and the significance value is 0.000, which shows a significant difference in skills between the experimental and control classes. Based on the effect size analysis, the value is 1.243, which means the jobsheet can improve students' EMC skills in the large category. Based on these two results, it is known that the PjBL-based VSD jobsheet is effective in the EMC learning process. Thus, it is expected that EPIE vocational high schools can use the PjBL-based VSD Jobsheet in the EMC learning process.

Kesiapan Kerja Setelah Melaksanakan Praktek Kerja Industri Siswa Kelas XII SMK Negeri 2 Solok

This research aims to determine the impact of industrial work practices on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Solok. This study falls under quantitative research, with the research subjects being 26 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Solok. Data collection was done through questionnaires and documentation. The questionnaire was used to measure variables related to industrial work practices, student readiness, and the location of industrial work practice. Data analysis was conducted using data analysis tests for normality, homogeneity, and the F-test. The questionnaire results indicate an influence on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering, with an average questionnaire score of 178, a maximum score of 218, a minimum score of 117, and a standard deviation of 23.681. The normality test yielded a sig(2-tailed) value of 0.894 > 0.05, the homogeneity test had a sig value of 0.758 > 0.05, and the F-test had a sig value of 0.013 < 0.05. Based on the data analysis results, it can be concluded that there is an impact after conducting industrial work practice on the readiness for work among 12th-grade students in electrical installation engineering.

Analysis and Experimental Study on Vibration Isolation Performance of Full-scale Turbofan Engine Mounting

At present, most of the turbofan engine use the articulated link mount to connect the engine to the wing, and the analysis and experimental research of articulated link mount are important means in the development of engine mount. In this paper, the vibration isolation performance analysis of a certain turbofan engine mounting was carried out, and a full-scale turbofan engine mounting vibration isolation test platform was established based on the four-terminal parameter method, and the engine simulation device - eccentric rotation excitation tester was developed, which simulates the real engine vibration through rotor imbalance, and the vibration isolation efficiency of a certain type of engine mount at the high and low pressure rotor frequency was obtained. The results show that the simulation and test results are very close, the error is within 15% at the low-frequency, and the error is within 5% at the high-frequency. The research of this paper can provide test evaluation means for my country to independently carry out the design and improvement for large passenger aircraft engine installation devices, and provide test basis for its design and finalization.

Pelatihan Penggunaan Trainer Solar Panel Untuk Guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Teknik Ketenagalistrikan Sumatera Barat Menuju Era Energi Baru Terbarukan

Background: Teachers in vocational schools play an essential role in integrating renewable energy education into the curriculum, but limited tools and knowledge in assembling solar panels hinder practical learning. The program aims to provide teachers with practical knowledge and skills in assembling solar panels. Method: This activity was attended by productive teachers of SMK in the field of expertise in Electrical Power Installation Engineering throughout the province of West Sumatra. Activities are carried out in 4 stages, Preparation, Implementation, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Follow-up. Written tests and practical tests are conducted to find out the extent of the teacher's ability to use solar panel trainers. Result: The result of this program is an increase in knowledge and skills, teachers in solar panel assembly. This program contributes to trained teachers, to provide an interactive and interesting learning approach for students in the use of renewable energy. Conclusion: This training program not only meets the needs of education in facing the development of renewable energy technology, but also makes a real contribution in creating human resources who are ready to work in the renewable energy sector.

Analysis and verification of vibration isolation performance of engine mount based on low-frequency approximation method

At present, most of the turbofan engine use the articulated link mount to connect the engine to the wing. The mechanical modeling, analysis and experimental research of articulated link mount are important means in the development of engine mount. In this paper, multibody dynamics method is used to establish the dynamic theory equation for a certain type of turbofan engine mount, and the low-frequency approximation method of the MNF file is proposed, which greatly improves the calculation speed on the basis of ensuring the calculation accuracy. In addition, a full-scale engine mounting system vibration isolation performance test platform was developed, and the vibration isolation efficiency of a certain type of engine mount at the high and low pressure rotor frequency was obtained. The results show that the simulation and test results agree well, the error is within 15% at the low-frequency, and 5% at the high-frequency. This work provides theoretical method and test evaluation means for the design and improvement of large passenger aircraft engine installation devices.

Design, Analysis and Optimization of Composite Propeller Shaft

Most of the automobiles have Rear wheel drive and front engine installation consists of a transmission shaft. Substitution of conventional metallic (SM45C) Propeller Drive Shaft with the composite (CFRP) structure has many advantages. Composite materials have acquired prominence in the engineering industry due to their remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and adaptability. This paper explores the multifaceted process of designing, analysing, and optimizing composite propeller shafts, with a primary focus on their application in marine and automotive industries, aiming to maximize performance while reducing weight. The design phase initiates by establishing precise requirements, encompassing torque loads, rotational speeds, environmental conditions, and safety factors. Material selection is a pivotal decision point, considering factors like fiber type, resin matrix, and layup orientation. Advanced Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technologies are used to simulate the mechanical behaviour of composite propeller shafts under a variety of operational scenarios, assisting in the identification of stress concentrations. Deformations, as well as key failure modes. The design process is iterative. The feedback from these simulations is used to improve the basic design. The analysis phase stress distribution, torsional vibrations, and dynamic behaviour of the composite propeller shaft. A comprehensive study of various layup configurations and boundary conditions is conducted to assess their impact on structural performance and reliability. Additionally, manufacturing considerations, encompassing fabrication techniques, quality control, and cost-effectiveness, are addressed to ensure practical feasibility. The goal of the optimization phase is to lower the weight of the composite propeller shaft while retaining structural integrity and operational reliability. The optimisation outcomes provide information on the best material mix, layup sequence, and geometric factors that achieve the best balance of weight reduction, greater performance and productivity. The findings from this study contribute substantially to the advancement of composite propeller shaft technology, offering engineers valuable insights into the intricacies of design, analysis, and optimization processes. By harnessing the ability of composite materials effectively, industries can realize significant benefits, including reduced fuel consumption, improved efficiency, and enhanced overall system performance, resulting in more sustainable and competitive products for the maritime and automotive sectors.

Determinan Pembentuk Karakter Peserta Didik Pada Kompetensi Keahlian TITL di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

This study aims to obtain in-depth information about the determinants of the character formation process of students on the competence of Electrical Power Installation Engineering expertise in Vocational High Schools. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study method at SMKN 1 Padarincang. Data collection techniques used in this study were participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using interactive models Miles and Huberman help ATLAS TI 9 software. The results obtained in this study are (1) The process of forming the character of students in the competence of Electrical Power Installation Engineering expertise, which is integrated with learning, habituation, extracurricular, and school management (2). Supporting factors for the process of forming the character of students include teachers with character, community, willingness of students, schools, and families. (3). Factors inhibiting the process of forming the character of students are less active teachers, school environment, students' desires, families, and inadequate infrastructure.

A Review of Life Cycle Construction Process and Cutting-Edge Technology in Prefabricated MEP Installation Engineering

Prefabricated installation, a pivotal study in the realm of contemporary construction practices, delves into the utilization of prefabrication within mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems. Despite its ascending prominence, the domain grapples with ambiguities in application pathways, uncertain developmental trajectories, and the absence of a holistic technical paradigm. This research endeavors to bridge these gaps by conducting a thorough and multidimensional investigation into the current landscape of prefabricated MEP installation initiatives. This study meticulously dissects the paradigm from five critical vantage points: historical evolution, standards and regulations, life cycle analysis, technological applications, and corporate implementation strategies. At present, there is still a lack of standards and specifications specifically for the field of assembled MEP installation. The analysis reveals a trend towards intelligent and sustainable installation practices in prefabricated MEP projects. The research predominantly focuses on the design, production, and installation stages. Notably, building information modeling (BIM) emerges as the most prominent technology, followed by the Internet of Things (IoT) and 3D laser scanning, with extended reality (XR) technologies gaining traction. Large, state-owned construction firms are spearheading innovative applications in this realm. In summary, this paper provides an overview and outlook for the development direction and the application of cutting-edge technologies in prefabricated MEP installation projects, with the aim of supporting the industry’s advancement.

Rancang Bangun Trainer Pembangkit Lsitrik Tenaga Surya Dengan Metoda Off Grid dan On Grid Sebagai Media Perkuliahan Sistem Pembangkit

The DIV study program is a new study program so there are several courses that require practical equipment that supports the achievement of good learning of power plant systems, the current condition of practical equipment is still lacking and there are some that do not meet practical needs, so this research will create a power plant trainer tool Solar (PLTS) which functions as a learning medium in the integrated generator laboratory in the Electrical Installation Engineering Technology DIV study program. The aim of this research is to improve students' understanding of Solar Cell Power Plants, both installation methods and the working principles of supporting components both with On Grid systems and Off Grid systems. In making this trainer, it was carried out by assembling and making a trainer stand with a welding system and the mid-trainel was made using acrylic to make it easier to assemble the main components of the PLTS system. With this trainer tool, it will be very easy for students to design PLTS systems that will be used according to the energy needs used by customers. so that the installation of PLTS is in accordance with the required requirements, and also with this tool it is able to produce students' skills in assembling and installing PLTS correctly, both with On Grid Systems and Off Grid Systems, and students are able to optimize the placement of the installation position on the Solar Panel Module so that they are able to optimize the lighting received by the solar panels is good.

Construction Technology of Lightning Protection Devices in Building Electrical Installation Engineering

To better improve the electrical safety of buildings and fulfill the role of lightning protection and grounding, this article combines cases and discusses seven aspects of lightning protection devices’ construction technology. These aspects include the lightning protection classification of buildings, air terminals, down conductors, grounding devices, division of lightning protection zones, and lightning electromagnetic pulse shielding. Through the introduction of this article, readers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the application and value of lightning protection grounding construction technology in building electrical installation projects.

The Optimization of a Subsea Pipeline Installation Configuration Using a Genetic Algorithm

The most commonly used subsea pipeline installation method is the S-Lay method. A very important and complex task in an S-Lay installation engineering analysis is to find the optimal pipelay vessel installation configuration for every distinctive pipeline route section. Installation loads in the pipeline are very sensitive to small changes in the configuration of the pipeline supports during laying and other influential parameters, such as the tensioner force, stinger angle, trim and draft of the pipelay vessel. Therefore, the process of an engineering installation analysis is very demanding, and there is a need for an automated optimization process. For that purpose, installation engineering methodology criteria and requirements are formalized into a nonlinear optimization problem with mixed continuous and discrete variables. A special tailored multi-objective genetic algorithm is developed that can be adjusted to any desired combination of criteria and offshore standards’ requirements. The optimization algorithm is applied to the representative test cases. The optimization procedure efficiency and quality of the achieved solution prove that the developed genetic algorithm operators and the whole optimization approach are adequate for the presented application.

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЗАГРУЗКИ АСИНХРОННОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ С КОРОТКОЗАМКНУТЫМ РОТОРОМ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ

In the agro-industrial complex, asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel-cage rotor are widely used in most technological processes. More than half of them are unevenly loaded, which leads to overspending of electricity or premature failure of the electric motor. Installation of engines in hard-to-reach places makes it difficult to access live parts to control their main indicators during operation, therefore, for rational operation and prevention of failures, it is required to develop a method for operational control of engine operation parameters without stopping the technological process. (Research purpose) The research purpose is substantiating the possibility of determining the load of an asynchronous electric motor by the frequency of rotation of the rotor shaft. (Materials and methods) A load bench for experimental studies was manufactured, consisting of an asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor and a DC generator of independent excitation. The research was carried out by loading the asynchronous motor with a generator for various values of the rotor speed, at which its main indicators were recorded. (Results and discussion) Graphs of current measurement, power factor and power consumption from engine rotor revolutions were presented. We analyzed the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of an asynchronous motor depending on its load. It was found that the studied indicators vary linearly depending on the engine speed with high approximation reliability. (Conclusions) Analytical dependencies were identified to determine the main engine indicators by rotor speed. It has been shown that the proposed method for determining the load is easy to use, since it is enough to measure the rotor speed and compare it with the nominal one, regardless of the technical characteristics of the engine.

Study on powering electric filters with unipolar high voltage pulses

The article presents the devices of existing power supplies for electrical engineering installations and analyzes their disadvantages. The necessity of developing a method for stabilizing discharge processes in corona discharge electric fields is formulated. The calculation of the transient process in the pause between pulses when powered by unipolar high-voltage pulses with a duty cycle of more than 5 is carried out and the conditions under which the discharge currents are stable are determined. A source with two-way power supply and air cooling has been developed to supply electric filters with unipolar high-voltage pulses. The schematic diagram of the source of periodic voltage pulses, the parameters of the circuit elements, the device of the step-up transformer, the oscillogram of the voltage at the output of the generator and the type of voltage at the output of the source are given.

Powered turbofan effects on aircraft aerodynamics at high-lift: A study on the NASA CRM-HL

High-lift operating conditions of aircraft are known to comprise a series of complex physical features, making the three-dimensional flow difficult to discern and analyse. In such scenario, the effect of underwing engine installation, especially in the case of large-diameter ultra-high bypass ratio turbofans, has been little investigated. In this paper, we present a numerical study on the NASA High-Lift Common Research Model aircraft with powered turbofan engines, focused on the effect of propulsion system integration. A validated Computational Fluid Dynamics model is first employed to analyse the aerodynamics along the wing polar, at an angle of attack up to 18∘, close to near stall. The flow field on the suction side of aerodynamic surfaces is qualitatively similar to previous results obtained at lower Reynolds number for a throughflow nacelle, whereas on the pressure side a relevant distortion is present near the stall. The same case is simulated again by using a fully coupled Body Force Model fan stage representation, further inspecting the flow past the nacelle, the distribution of the propulsive forces, and the sensitivity of the fan working point to the operating incidence. The analysis reveals the complexity of the three-dimensional flow and the large azimuthal redistribution occurring on the nacelle, relative to an isolated configuration.