Sampling Inspection Plans Research Articles

Joint determination of quality investment and tolerance under the sampling inspection plan with quality protection

In this study, we present the joint design for process mean, standard deviation, and tolerance. In the first phase, Taguchi’s quality loss and process adjustment cost are used. In the second phase, the quality investment and sampling inspection are addressed with quality protection under the specified capability value and consumer’s risk.

Modified chain group sampling inspection plan under item failure scenario based on time truncated scheme

Modified chain group sampling inspection plan under item failure scenario based on time truncated scheme

Risk-based detection as a cost-effective strategy to reduce foodborne illness due to salmonella

BackgroundSalmonella, a widespread pathogen, poses a significant threat to global food safety, leading to foodborne diseases and substantial economic losses. The timely and accurate detection of foodborne pathogens is pivotal for averting food contamination and outbreaks across the food production chain. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of traditional culture-based methods versus risk-based approaches, incorporating polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Salmonella detection. MethodsWe employed a stochastic scenario tree model to simulate scenarios based on the sampling inspection plan for raw aquatic products conducted by the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2018 to 2020. Various detection methods (culture or PCR) were applied to these aquatic products based on their categorized risk level. Sensitivity values were derived from published data, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were used to compare the different scenarios against the traditional culture method. ResultsA total of 360 samples were collected for analysis. The cost of culture-based detection alone amounted to 125,423.20 Chinese Yuan (CNY) and yielded nine instances of positive Salmonella detections. The risk-based detection strategy, which combined the more sensitive PCR method with high-risk sample characteristics, while employing the culture method for the remaining combinations, imposed a total cost of 128,775.83 CNY and yielded ten positive detections. This approach cost approximately 3391.74 CNY per additional positive sample detected compared to the culture method alone. Meanwhile, PCR-only detection imposed a total cost of 62,960.03 CNY. ConclusionsIn comparison to traditional culture-based methods, both the risk-based detection strategy and the PCR-only approach demonstrated superior capabilities with respect to detecting contaminated aquatic products. Implementing risk-based detection strategies can enhance cost-effectiveness, not only ensuring food safety but also reducing the incidence and economic burden of foodborne diseases.

Rectifying Sampling Inspection by Variables or Attributes? Combined Inspection

Acceptance sampling, one of the techniques used in quality control, is analysed in present paper. We shall study sampling inspection plans when the remainder of a rejected lot is inspected, i.e. rectifying plans. These plans were introduced by Dodge and Romig for inspection by attributes (each inspected item is classified as either good or defective). Analogous rectifying plans for inspection by variables with one specification limit for the quality characteristic were introduced by the author of this contribution. In present article we shall consider combined inspection (all items from the sample are inspected by variables, but remainder of a rejected lot is inspected only by attributes). We shall show that the combined inspection is the best in many situations. Using plans for combined inspection we can often achieve significant savings of the inspection cost under the same protection of producer and consumer.

Repetitive sampling inspection plan for cancer patients using exponentiated half-logistic distribution under indeterminacy

This piece of work deals with a time truncated sampling scheme for cancer patients using exponentiated half-logistic distribution (EHLD) based on indeterminacy. We have studied time truncated schemes like repetitive acceptance sampling plan (RASP) under indeterminacy. We have estimated the projected scheme parameters such as sample size and acceptance and rejection sample numbers for known indeterminacy parameters. In addition to the projected sampling scheme quantities, the corresponding tables are generated for various values of indeterminacy parameters. The results of a sampling scheme show that the average sample number (ASN) decreases as indeterminacy values increase. It leads that the indeterminacy parameter is played a crucial portrayal in ASN. A comparative study is carried out with existing sampling schemes based on indeterminacy and classical sampling schemes. The evaluated sampling schemes are exemplified with the help of cancer data. From tables and exemplification, we wind up that the projected RSP scheme under indeterminacy desired a smaller sample size than the existing schemes.

Single acceptance sampling inspection plan based on transmuted Rayleigh distribution

Single acceptance sampling inspection plan based on transmuted Rayleigh distribution

A modified chain group sampling inspection plan for the time truncated life test and it’s applications

A modified chain group sampling inspection plan for the time truncated life test and it’s applications

Design of multiple deferred state sampling inspection plan for variables

The statistical product control, also termed as, acceptance sampling, extensively used in enterprises to reach a decision on ruling of lots of manufactured products, is a definite plan that states the sampling rules to be used and the standards for acceptance or dismissal of lots submitted for inspection. In acceptance sampling, the largely used practice to minimize the testing time and cost of inspection of manufactured units is the variable sampling inspection plan, in which the sentencing of a lot of individual items is based on metrical data. One of the special purpose sampling plans, multiple deferred state sampling plan for attributes reviews the quality of current lot as well as forthcoming lots for settlement of a lot. This paper proposes a technique for designing a multiple deferred state sampling plan for variables with the quality characteristics of product following normal distribution. The optimized parameters of the proposed plan are assessed by utilizing two points on the operating characteristic (OC) curve for specific requirement to ensure upon the producer and consumer conservation, when the standard deviation is known and unknown.

Amputated Life Testing for Weibull-Fréchet Percentiles: Single, Double and Multiple Group Sampling Inspection Plans with Applications

When a life test is terminated at a predetermined time to decide whether to accept or refuse the submitted batches, the types of group sampling inspection plans (single, two, and multiple-stages) are introduced. The tables in this study give the optimal number of groups for various confidence levels, examination limits, and values of the ratio of the determined experiment time to the fixed percentile life. At various quality levels, the operating characteristic functions and accompanying producer's risk are derived for various types of group sampling inspection plans. At the determined producer's risk, the optimal ratios of real percentile life to a fixed percentile life are obtained. Three case studies are provided to illustrate the processes described here. Comparisons of single-stage and iterative group sampling plans are introduced. The first, second, and third sample minimums must be used to guarantee that the product's stipulated mean and median lifetimes are reached at a certain degree of customer trust. The suggested sample plans' operational characteristic values and the producer's risk are given. In order to show how the suggested approaches based on the mean life span and median life span of the product may function in reality, certain real-world examples are examined.

Designing of Variables Double Sampling Plan Under Rectifying Inspection for Consumer Protection

Designing of acceptance sampling plans based on operating characteristics fail to prescribe the corrective action for rejected lots although they guarantee the producer’s and the consumer’s protection at their corresponding quality levels. But, rectification sampling inspection plan suggests 100% inspection for rejected lots and hence, the producer’s risk is reduced and also there is a guarantee to the consumer by restricting upper limit of the maximum expected proportion of non-conforming of the shipping lot. Although the variables single sampling plan for rectifying inspection is available, variables double sampling inspection plan under rectifying inspection has not yet been designed. Hence, in this paper, we design a variables double sampling plan for rectifying inspection indexed by acceptable quality level and average outgoing quality limit to meet the needs of the producer as well as the consumer. A non-linear optimization problem is developed to determine the optimal parameters with minimum average sample number at acceptable quality level for both cases of standard deviation are known and unknown. We investigate the validation and limitation of the proposed plan through the simulation study and industrial application of the proposed plan is also given. It can be confirmed from the investigations on the results that in many situations, variables double sampling plan designed under rectifying inspection is more economical than variables single sampling plan designed with the same conditions in providing the same protection to consumer.

Construction and Selection of Double Inspection Single Sampling Plan for an Independent Process Using Bivariate Poisson Distribution

There are more sampling concepts active in production Industries, for inspecting the samples and analysing performance of the population. Also the sampling plans reduce errors in the production and produce the error free products. In this study, construction and selection of Double Inspection with reference to Single Sampling Plan i.e., DISSP, by attribute are investigated by using the Bivariate Poisson distribution. The Methodology, DISSP, was proposed based on two quality characteristics of the same sample size, and the planning parameters (n, C₁, C₂) are based on the operating characteristics, the conventional two-point condition by the planning table parameters (AQL and LQL). It is based on selected quality requirements and risks designed to allow manufacturers to easily determine the required sample size and corresponding acceptance criteria. A Comparison was done based on the efficiency of the plan with an existing single sampling plan and gave a numerical example to expose the operating tables. Also, the study shows the advantages of the proposed plan, and performance of the curves like, Operating characteristics, Average Outgoing Quality, and Average Total Inspection to expose the proposed double inspection sampling plan.

A SkSP-R Plan under the Assumption of Gompertz Distribution

In this study, we designed a time-truncated SkSP-R sampling plan when the lifetime of units follows a Gompertz distribution (GmzD). The GmzD is briefly discussed. All of the plan parameters were obtained using a two-point approach, which is based on limiting quality level (LQL) and acceptable quality level (AQL). Moreover, operating characteristic (OC) values were calculated for the determined value of the plan parameters by using the OC function of the SkSP-R. Applications of two real life situations in engineering were presented to illustrate the applicability of the offered sampling inspection plan. It was found that the new SkSP-R sampling inspection plan can be used efficiently in the field.

Design of double sampling inspection plans for life tests under time censoring based on Pareto type IV distribution

Sampling inspection plans for life tests, called reliability sampling plans, are generally employed to determine the acceptance or non-acceptance of the lot(s) of finished products by performing tests on the sampled items, measuring the lifetime of the items and observing the number of failures of items. Lifetime of individual items is a prime quality characteristic that can be treated as a continuous random variable and can be modeled by an appropriate probability distribution. In this article, double sampling plans for life tests under time censoring with a provision to draw two random samples and to admit a maximum of one failure in the combined samples are formulated assuming that the lifetime random variable follows a Pareto type IV distribution. A methodical procedure for the selection of the plan parameters using reliable life criterion with the desired discrimination protecting the interests of the producer and the consumer in terms of the acceptable reliable life and unacceptable reliable life is evolved. The operating ratio is used as a measure of discrimination in designing the proposed reliability sampling plans.

Comparative study on double inspection single sampling plan with existing single sampling plan

Sampling inspection plans are playing a vital role in the production Industries. The professionals insist on the product very strict quality control measures should be adopted in order to avoid rejection and satisfying the need of the customer. In this article describes comparative study of Double Inspection Sampling Plan with Single Sampling Plan through operating characteristics curve and sample size. Also this article discussed the brief review of operating procedures, flow charts and operating characteristics functions of above plans.

Sampling Inspection Plan to Test Daily COVID-19 Cases Using Gamma Distribution under Indeterminacy Based on Multiple Dependent Scheme.

The purpose of this paper is to develop a multiple dependent state (MDS) sampling plan based on time-truncated sampling schemes for the daily number of cases of the coronavirus disease COVID-19 using gamma distribution under indeterminacy. The proposed sampling scheme parameters include average sample number (ASN) and accept and reject sample numbers when the indeterminacy parameter is known. In addition to the parameters of the proposed sampling schemes, the resultant tables are provided for different known indeterminacy parametric values. The outcomes resulting from various sampling schemes show that the ASN decreases as indeterminacy values increase. This shows that the indeterminacy parameter plays a vital role for the ASN. A comparative study between the proposed sampling schemes and existing sampling schemes based on indeterminacy is also discussed. The projected sampling scheme is illustrated with the help of the daily number of cases of COVID-19 data. From the results and real example, we conclude that the proposed MDS sampling scheme under indeterminacy requires a smaller sample size compared to the single sampling plan (SSP) and the existing MDS sampling plan.

A new approach of time truncated chain sampling inspection plan and its applications

A new approach of time truncated chain sampling inspection plan and its applications

Time truncated life tests for new attribute sampling inspection plan and its applications

ABSTRACT In this article, a new approach of modified attribute chain sampling inspection plan for time-truncated life test is suggested when lifetime of items follows the generalized exponential distribution. A brief discussion about the generalized exponential distribution is provided. Also, plan parameters are determined based on two points approach: acceptable quality level and limiting quality level. Trend of the sample sizes for each of the considered values of shape parameter are explained in details. Also, plan parameters are determined in case of exponential distribution which is a special case of generalized exponential distribution. Applications of proposed attribute sampling inspection plan have been shown through the real data sets. This study contributes to the development of acceptance sampling inspection plan under the time truncated scheme and in a nutshell, no one used this presented methodology of modified attribute chain sampling inspection plan for generalized exponential distribution.

Acceptance sampling inspection plan for the Lindley and power Lindley distributed quality characteristics

Acceptance sampling inspection plan for the Lindley and power Lindley distributed quality characteristics

Optimum profit model based on the average outgoing quality limit protection

The optimal setting of process mean is an important issue in operations management and a variable sampling inspection plan is an acceptance sampling technique for quality assurance. In the present study, the newsvendor problem (i.e., the mixed procurement system) is modified by applying a variable sampling inspection plan with specified average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) with maximization of the expected total profit including the manufacturer and the retailer. The optimal retailer’s order quantity and manufacturer’s process mean and the parameters of sampling plan are jointly determined by maximizing the expected total profit. In the model, the single sampling rectifying inspection plan is adopted to determine the quality of lot product and the used cost of customer for product is measured by Taguchi’s quadratic loss function. A numerical example is given and the sensitivity analysis of model parameters are provided for illustration. Based on the results of sensitivity analysis, it may be seen that a higher processing cost per unit generally leads to a lower expected profit. In the meantime, a higher retailer’s selling price always results in a higher expected profit.

An integrated process targeting and continuous review system with sampling inspection

It is common in the integrated targeting inventory literature to assume 100% inspection. Yet, sampling inspection is still a valid alternative in numerous situations. Inspection time has been assumed negligible in the literature of integrated inventory and sampling inspection. Neglecting inspection time is unrealistic, especially when rejected lots are sent for 100% inspection. This research work integrates process targeting, production lot-sizing and inspection. Given a scenario of a producer and distributer, the objective is to determine the optimal mean setting at the producer, the production lot size to be produced and shipped to the distributor and the reorder point at the distributor under a given sampling inspection plan. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, sampling inspection and its associated costs are rarely addressed in integrated supply chain models, and have never been addressed in integrated models with controllable production rates. Numerical illustrations using an efficient solution technique are presented to highlight the impact of various model parameters. The results indicated that inspection time has a significant impact on the total cost of the developed model, especially, when tightened inspection plans are used.