Wire Rope Inspection Research Articles

Electromagnetic inspection of wire ropes and strand-supported structures

Electromagnetic inspection of wire ropes and strand-supported structures

Electromagnetic inspection of wire ropes and strand-supported structures

For in excess of 25 years, the author has been deeply involved in the non-destructive inspection of wire rope and strand, design and development of wire rope and strand testing equipment and various methods of rope inspection including electromagnetic and visual (remote video). Many of the guyed flare stacks and wire rope or strand-supported structures in use in the US and overseas refineries, pipelines and chemical plants were erected in the 1950s, 60s and 70s. Many were built even earlier. While many of the components of these structures have been routinely inspected by various methods of testing, the wire rope and strand that support and hold these structures in position have, typically, been taken for granted and only elementary visual inspections have been performed. Wire rope and strands in sedentary environments deteriorate and lose their working capability due to many factors. These factors exist both internally and externally. This paper describes many of these factors for deterioration and the method used to detect corrosion, broken wires, abrasion, etc. Explanations as to how the instrumentation works and how the acquired data is used to estimate remaining strength is also included in the paper. Procedures for the inspection of guy ropes. strands and their related fittings are also covered in the paper.

Discussion

StrainVolume 31, Issue 3 p. 113-114 Free Access Discussion First published: August 1995 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.1995.tb00970.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. References 1 Biot, M.A., “Thermoelasticty and irreversible thermodynamics”, J. of Appl. Phys. 27, (1956), 240– 253. 2 Weischedel, H.R. and Chaplin, C.R., “Inspection of wire ropes for offshore applications”, Materials Evaluation 49, (1991), 362– 367. 3 Laura, P.A.A., “NDT and structural condition monitoring of mechanical cables”, Applied Mechanics Reviews 46, (4), (1993), 133– 138. Volume31, Issue3August 1995Pages 113-114 ReferencesRelatedInformation

A neural network-based technique for quantitative wire rope inspection

The possibility of solving the problems encountered in the quantitative inspection of broken wires with a neural network is discussed and a new algorithm is presented. In comparison with conventional methods, the performance of inspection is much improved with the neural network-based technique.

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 430, 432–437 (Mar. 1988)

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 430, 432–437 (Mar. 1988)

The inspection of wire ropes for offshore applications : International Petroleum Industry Inspection Technology II, Houston Texas (United States), 25–27 Jun. 1991, pp. 84–88. ASNT (1991)

The inspection of wire ropes for offshore applications : International Petroleum Industry Inspection Technology II, Houston Texas (United States), 25–27 Jun. 1991, pp. 84–88. ASNT (1991)

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service : NDT International, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 155–161 (Jun. 1989)

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service : NDT International, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 155–161 (Jun. 1989)

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes: applications and theory : International Advances in Nondestructive Testing, Edited by W.J. McGonnagle. Vol. 15, pp. 83–118. Gordon and Breach (1990)

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes: applications and theory : International Advances in Nondestructive Testing, Edited by W.J. McGonnagle. Vol. 15, pp. 83–118. Gordon and Breach (1990)

Inspection of wire ropes for offshore applications : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 362–367 (Mar. 1991)

Review of the specific problems posed by corrosion of wire ropes in offshore conditions. Electromagnetic inspection promises to be significantly more dependable, informative, and economic than present inspection methods and rope retirement policies

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940 : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940 : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Quantitative wire rope inspection : NDT International, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 337–340 (Oct. 1988)

Quantitative wire rope inspection : NDT International, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 337–340 (Oct. 1988)

In-service inspection of wire ropes: state of the art

The art of wire rope inspection has advanced rapidly over the past decade. Present electromagnetic (EM) wire rope inspection instruments provide an important and often indispensable element of wire rope inspection. The easy operation of some instruments combined with their straightforward and unambiguous data interpretation now allows even moderately skilled personnel to perform EM inspections of wire ropes. At the same time, wire rope inspection and retirement standards are becoming simpler and less ambiguous. Future guidelines will be uncomplicated for inspectors to apply and for rope operators to implement. The discernible trend of regulatory requirements is clearly toward periodic EM inspections supported by visual inspections. Wire rope users now recognize that—because they can detect rope deterioration in its incipient stage—EM inspections are a powerful preventive maintenance tool. For instance, the early detection of wear of corrosion allows immediate remedial action which can easily double—or, many times, even triple or quadruple—the service life of a rope.

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service

The art of wire rope inspection has progressed rapidly over the past few years. Presently available electromagnetic instruments are now much easier to operate and provide an important (in some cases indispensable) element of wire rope inspection. Test data obtained from these instruments can provide accurate quantitative estimates of safety-related wire rope parameters such as loss of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) and provide a more reliable basis for estimating the condition and remaining service life of a rope. This paper illustrates the use of modern nondestructive test methods to assess the safety of wire ropes in service.

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes: 38851 Weischedel, H.W. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 430, 432–437 (Mar. 1988)

Quantitative in-service inspection of wire ropes: 38851 Weischedel, H.W. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 430, 432–437 (Mar. 1988)

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940: 39135 Weischedel, H.R. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940: 39135 Weischedel, H.R. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

鋼索の無速度電磁探傷

the search coil.This semiconductor device is somewhat similar to well known magneto-electric converting devices, except that the sensitivity of this device is several hundred times greater than that of them.The most significant feature of the new system is its independency of the sensitivity on the rope speed, which substantiated the inspection virtually at any speed including motionless state.Several units of the device, whose number is consequential to its physical dimensions and also to the inherent directional sensitivity, are laid on a pair of split bobbin to encircle the rope simultaneously at a close two sections to form a twin annular detector assembly.Serial or cummulative connection of all the units in one section covers the effect of lateral vibration of the rope, and the differential connection between the both halves of the twin results in a satisfactory enhancement of overall noise immunity.The output voltage ranges approximately ten times greater than the e.m.f.on the conventional search coils at a pertinent magnetization, and may be fed into an appropriate differential amplifier for following signal processing.For general inspection, the number of the units in each half should not be consistent with the number of strands in the rope in order to reduce the periodical noise caused by the inevitable periodic change in radial clearance between the relief of rope surface and the annular detector assembly while the rope passes.This system with another version of the detector assembly may also be applied to measuring the let out length of a rope, determining the elongation and examining the uniformity of rope strand, in which assembly the number of the units in each half should be consistent with the number of strands.

Inspection and tensile tests of some worn wire ropes

Inspection and tensile tests of some worn wire ropes