Research Procedures Research Articles

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Nyata Berupa Peta Timbul pada Materi Peta Kelas X terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa di SMA 1 Pertiwi Kota Padang

The objectives of this study are 1) To determine the influence of the use of real media in the form of embossed maps in class x map material on the learning outcomes of students at SMA 1 Pertiwi Padang 2) To find out the learning outcomes of students who use embossed map media and those who do not use embossed map media. This study uses a quantitative method with an experimental type of research. The pretest was carried out in two groups to find out the basic abilities of each control and experiment class. The population in this study is all students of class X of SMA 1 Pertiwi Kota Padang which totals 264 students with 2 class samples with purposive sampling techniques. The variables in this study are divided into 2 namely independent variables and bound variables. The data sources in this study are primary and secondary data. The collection techniques in this study are test, questionnaire and documentation techniques. The research procedure in this study was carried out in 2 classes, namely the experimental and control classes. The test of this research instrument is a test of validity, reliability, and differentiation. The data analysis tests in this study were the normality test, homogeneity, hypothesis test (T), and N-Gain test. The results of this study show that 1) The use of real media in the form of embossed maps on map material has an effect on student learning outcomes at SMA 1 Pertiwi Padang which is seen through the results of hypothesis testing (T) which is also supported by the improvement of student learning outcomes after using embossed map media in the experimental class and then an N-Gain test with a score of 82.50% for the embossed map media group and 60.00% for the conventional media group (lecture). 2) To find out the learning outcomes of students who use pop-up map media and those who do not use pop-up map media have been fulfilled with the scores of students who use pop-up map media higher than students who do not use pop-up map media as seen from the N-Gain Test. One of the advantages of using Embossed Map Media is the high level of interactivity through the practice of making embossed maps. Pop-up Map Media provides a non-boring learning experience for students.

The Behavior of European Union Companies in Terms of Increasing Energy Efficiency from the Perspective of Achieving Climate Neutrality

This article aims to identify and verify the actions taken by European Union companies related to improving energy efficiency with the requirements of the Fit for 55 packages and striving for climate neutrality by assessing the degree of implementation of pro-ecological solutions, identifying key challenges, and comparing differences in the level of energy transformation in the member states. This article attempts to assess actions related to minimizing energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by companies operating in the 27 European Union countries, based on statistical data from Eurostat databases. To analyze the obtained data, the diagnostic–descriptive method, principal component analysis, and the multi-criteria MOORA method were used. The conducted research procedure indicates differences in the level of adaptation of companies regarding the implementation of the goals resulting from the climate and energy package adopted by the European Union. Companies located in France, Sweden, and Finland demonstrate the highest level of energy transformation. On the other hand, a passive degree of adaptation in the transition from traditional fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is characterizes companies from Germany, the Netherlands, and Poland.

Interactive H5P Framework-Based E-Learning Content in Artificial Intelligence Lectures of Indonesian Language and Literature

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop interactive e-learning content based on the H5P framework in Indonesian Language and Literature Artificial Intelligence lectures at the Indonesian Literature Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Medan with the formulation of the problem of how the content development takes place and how the content is feasible. Methodology: This study uses the Research and Development method with the ADDIE model research procedure (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Main Findings: E-learning based on the H5P framework in Indonesian Language and Literature Artificial Intelligence lectures is very effective. Validation by media experts showed a very good assessment (89.58% for episode 1 and 97.91% for episode 2). Validation by material experts also showed similar results (93.18% for episode 1 and 97.72% for episode 2). The interactive content developed in the form of video podcasts was able to improve student understanding and engagement through interactive quizzes and simulations. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study develops interactive learning content based on H5P in a new context, namely the Artificial Intelligence course for Indonesian Language and Literature.

Emotional Entanglements and Intersectional Language Teacher Identities in Critical Autoethnographic Narratives

ABSTRACTIn this study, I employ critical autoethnographic narrative (CAN) as a teacher‐learning activity that pedagogizes identity in teacher education. I specifically rely on a white US‐born teacher candidate's (Robert's) data, which included the following: four installments of CAN writing, four recorded individual feedback meetings, one discussion board post, visual mapping of CAN, recorded rubric co‐construction, and recorded final CAN presentation. I utilized narrative inquiry procedures to analyze Robert's data to examine how his emotions entangled with his intersectional identities and surrounding ideologies as he constructed his English as a second language teacher in his CAN writing. I present my findings around four major themes with illustrative excerpts from Robert: (1) emotions entangled with intersectional identities, (2) emotional responses to dominant ideologies, (3) emotional engagement in acts of agency, and (4) identity tensions as loci of emotional entanglement. I discuss those findings in relation to the use of CAN in teacher education, the emotional dimensions of teachers’ intersectional identities, and identity tensions in understanding the relationship between identity, agency, and ideologies. I also share the implications of my findings for teacher educators who consider using CAN or incorporating identity, emotions, and agency in their practices.

Training for Developing Reading Materials Independently at Home for the Community of Wardo Village, Biak Numfor District, Papua Province, Indonesia to Achieve SDG for Quality Education

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the interest of reading amongst the community of Wardo Village, with the aims of revealing the influence of training to create reading materials to their reading interest and their parents’ perception on the training program. Theoretical Framework: Reading is extracting meaning from printed text. Interest in reading can be improved by several ways, one of them being the family providing familiar reading materials at home. Family, as one part of environments, can influence child n’s cognitive development. Method: An ex-post facto approach with mixed method design was applied. The participants are children and parents of Wardo village. The technique and instrument for collecting data was observation and questionnaire. The research procedure was implementing four kinds of training programs for two days, followed by evaluation by parents. Result and Discussion: The result of the study suggests that training of developing interesting reading materials at home has been able to arouse children’s interest in reading, evidenced by the observation to students and the parents’ perceptions. Research Implication: The result of the study suggests that reading interest of Indonesian students can be improved regardless of the location, social and cultural context. Originality/Value: The result of the study has given data to support some theories of education such as the schemata theory and William Stern’s Convergency theory. It will also accelerate the achievement of SDG4 in 2030.

Development of Management Model to Promote Dance Sport in Universities

Background and aim: Dance Sport had its significant aesthetic value and the advantages of development to fulfill the specific needs of all-around education in colleges and universities in the future. In recent years, more and more colleges and universities have set up Dance sport in P.E. courses in China. This research aimed to develop a management model to promote dance sports in universities. Methodology: The samples were 252 students and 150 teachers in the three universities located in Jiang Xi City. They were sampling by simple random. The experts for consensus by Delphi were 21 persons and the 11 stakeholders were group discussion by connoisseurship method. The research procedure consisted of 9 experts to interview and collect opinions and suggestions to develop concepts and suggestions. The semi-structured interviewing form, questionnaire to collect data from students and teachers, questionnaire for consensus experts by Delphi, and form to conclude stakeholders’ discussion were used as research tools. Five scholars were experts to validate the questionnaires to collect data from students and teachers and got IOC = 0.90 (.60-1.00), and the questionnaire for Delphi was 0.95 (0.80-1.00). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: 1) Set a plan to drive the dances, and dance sports in universities, schools, and communities, 2) establish a collaborative network within universities and outside universities to run the dance sports promotion model 3) The university should consider putting dances and dance sport into the curriculum, establish the extra curriculum, student practicum in dance and dance sport, and special project for dance athlete students’ admission, teachers’ development in dance teaching and training. 4) Provided various levels of dance and dance sports teaching and practice for students and communities, 5) Organized competitions in universities, inter-university, and open to the community. Conclusion: The management model to promote dance sports in university should be to develop a curriculum by putting dances and dance sports as required course and elective courses both in major physical education and non-major programs. Develop teachers and students to be leaders. Provide dance clubs for students to operate dance activities in the university. Support fund, facility, and equipment. Organize cooperative network among schools, universities, and community. Support schools in teaching and organizing competitions dances and dance sports competitions on campus, an inter-university game open competition to the public.

La formación continua de docentes en inclusión educativa de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en la educación básica colombiana

This article responds to the need to improve the continuing education of teachers of Primary Basic Education in order to contribute to the educational inclusion of students with Intellectual Disabilities in the Colombian context. The research procedure assumes as its main methodological criterion the complementarity of qualitative and quantitative methods, which allows them to be used from a scientific perspective to understand the object of study. As a result, a continuing education strategy is proposed based on situated learning, which favors the theory-practice link and takes into account the experiences of teachers, thus promoting the updating and improvement of knowledge, skills and values ​​to respond to current needs arising from the field of teacher training and performance, as well as to the demands posed by the educational inclusion of students with Intellectual Disabilities.

스토리텔링을 활용한 대학생 인성교육 프로그램 개발 및 효과 검증

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop personality education program for college students using storytelling and verify its effectiveness. Methods To develop personality education program for college students, literature related to character education were reviewed, personality virtues were selected, picture books for storytelling activities were selected, personality education program using storytelling were constructed, and the validity of the program content were verified. The research subjects were 42 college students from K University(experimental group) and 42 college students from H University(control group), a total of 84 people. The research tools were the KEDI personality test tool(Korea Educational Development Institute, 2014) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire(Hill & Arygle, 2002). The experimental group participated in personality education program using storytelling, and the control group participated in personality education theory class. The research procedure consisted of pre-experiment, pre-test, experimental treatment, post-test, and data analysis. Results The purpose of the personality education program using storytelling is to cultivate desirable character traits in college students and enhance their subjective well-being. The educational content involves appreciating picture books that include essential character values college students should possess and applying these values to their own lives during storytelling-based character education activities. The teaching and learning methods are based on collaborative activities and integrated experiential learning. The program follows the steps of appreciating, discussing, engaging in integrated activities, and writing. The evaluation includes both formative and summative assessments. Personality education program using storytelling statistically had a positive effects on total personality score, all sub-factors, and subjective happiness. Conclusions This study suggests that personality education program using storytelling can be used as an effective method to cultivate college students' personality and enhance subjective happiness.

디지털리터러시 역량 함양을 위한 초등학교 특수학급 국어 수업 실행 연구: 놀이 중심 교육법을 중심으로

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences and meanings derived by students with disabilities in a special education class, where a play-centered educational approach was applied to enhance digital literacy skills. Methods To achieve the research objective, the researcher utilized the action research method. This study employed the action research procedures of problem identification, implementation, reflection, revision, and re-implementation. In this context, the special education teacher and four special education students served as the researcher and research observers. Results Initially, by applying a play-centered educational approach to foster digital literacy skills, students could easily engage in lessons using digital devices. The conclusions drawn from the action research process in the Korean language class for the special education class, which incorporated elements of the play-centered educational approach, are as follows. To begin with, this study was able to address and improve issues identified in the school setting through action research. Moreover, the conclusions based on the experiences and meanings of students participating in the Korean language class, which applied elements of the play-centered educational approach to enhance digital literacy skills, are as follows. Firstly, students were able to gain experience in using digital devices. Additionally, students could create new content using digital devices. Furthermore, students showed interest in digital devices and demonstrated an active attitude during lessons. Conclusions The results of this study will be prepared to seek ways to cultivate digital devices in Korean classes using the play-centered education method of disabled students in Korean language class using the play center education law.

Peningkatan Aktivitas Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas VIIC SMPN 3 Sungai Kakap Melalui Model Think Pair Share Berbantuan PowerPoint

This study is motivated by the low activeness of students in class VII C SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap during the science learning process so that it has an impact on student learning outcomes. This study aims to improve the learning activities of VII C grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Sungai Kakap on the topic of Indonesian ecology and biodiversity through the application of the Think Pair Share (TPS) model assisted by powerpoint. The type of research used is classroom action research in the form of two cycles and each cycle consists of two meetings. The research procedure went through four stages starting with planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. A total of 32 students of class VII C in the 2023/2024 school year became the research subjects. Data collection was carried out using observation and documentation methods and the instrument used was the student learning activity observation sheet. The results showed that the percentage of students' learning activities in cycle I was 68.75% and in cycle II it was 88.44%. Based on these data, it is concluded that the application of the TPS model assisted by powerpoint can increase the learning activity of students in class VII C SMPN 3 Sungai Kakap, especially in the topic of Indonesian ecology and biodiversity.

A green bioanalytical spectrofluorimetric approach for estimation of Avapritinib anti-tumor drug; application to quality control and clinical studies.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) account for about 80% of the mesenchymal tumors of the GI tract. About 5000-6000 patients are diagnosed in the United States (US) alone, and up to 14.5 cases per million discovered in Europe annually. Avapritinib (AVP) is a potent selective targeted medication that has been recently approved, by the US Food and Drug Administration, in 2020 for treatment of GISTs. AVP is currently considered the first-line treatment for mutant GIST, which is resistant to other medications. This in turn stimulates the need for fast, green, and efficient methods for routine AVP estimation in quality control and clinical studies. The proposed approach designs a spectrofluorimetric tool to estimate AVP in different matrices, based on a nucleophilic substitution reaction. A highly fluorescent product was measured at 535 nm following excitation at 470 nm. The research procedure was bioanalytically validated within AVP range between 80 and 900 ng mL-1, where the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 15.78 ng mL-1. The developed approach was successfully applied to investigate AVP in content uniformity testing of tablet dosage forms, and biological plasma in AVP pharmacokinetic study. The proposed approach could be recommended for AVP therapeutic drug monitoring.

ChatGPT as a data analyst: an exploratory study on AI-supported quantitative data analysis in empirical research

Social scientists are faced with the challenge of designing complex studies and analyzing collected data via various programs such as R, Stata, SPSS, or Python. This often requires the use of analytical procedures and specific software packages that are beyond an individual’s established skillsets and technical knowledge. To address these challenges, generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, can now be employed as ‘assistants’—with both associated risks and benefits. Accordingly, this paper explores the potential and pitfalls of using a tool like ChatGPT as an assistant in quantitative data analysis. We investigate the practical use of ChatGPT-3.5 by replicating analyses and findings in everyday scientific research. Unlike previous studies, which have primarily focused optimizing the use of chatbots for code generation, our approach examines an amateur level use of AI tools to support and reference regular research activities, with an emphasis on minimal technical expertise. While we overall conducted three experiments, with the goal to replicate academic papers, the article’s focus is on the methodologically most complex one, by De Wet et al. from 2020. In this case AI is used for the step-by-step replication of the two-dimensional model of value types proposed by Schwartz (2012). The results of this experiment highlight the challenges of using ChatGPT 3.5 for specific, detailed tasks in academic research, as a tendency for responses to repeat in loops when solutions were not readily available emerged at several stages. Thus, we concluded that there are severe limitations in the AI’s ability to provide accurate and comprehensive solutions for complex tasks and emphasize the need for caution and verification when using AI powered tools for complex research procedures.

A randomized controlled trial to assess whether a telehealth-based contingency management intervention reduces alcohol use for individuals with alcohol use disorder.

Contingency management (CM) is an intervention for alcohol use disorder (AUD) that reinforces abstinence, as confirmed by alcohol biomarkers. CM is usually brief (12-16 weeks) despite evidence that longer interventions have better long-term outcomes. Most CM models are in-person which can also be a barrier for treatment. Studies of longer duration telehealth-based CM models are needed. To determine if a telehealth-based CM model that utilizes phosphatidylethanol (PEth) to confirm abstinence is effective at reducing alcohol use during a 26-week intervention and 12-month follow-up. We will evaluate the impact of CM on alcohol-related outcomes, determine if Addiction Neuroclinical Assessment variables are associated with outcomes in follow-up, and whether savings related to decreased alcohol use offset intervention costs. Adults with AUD residing in the United States will be recruited via online advertising. Research procedures will be conducted virtually. Participants who submit a PEth-positive blood sample (≥20 ng/mL) at enrollment will be randomized to 26 weeks of either 1) online cognitive behavior therapy (CBT4CBT) with rewards not contingent on PEth results (Control group) or 2) CBT4CBT with a maximum of $1820 of rewards contingent on PEth results (CM group). Efficacy outcomes of PEth-negative tests (primary) and PEth-defined excessive drinking (≥200 ng/mL; secondary) will be assessed. Predictors of intervention outcomes and economic viability will also be investigated. If this telehealth-delivered PEth-based CM intervention reduces alcohol use and is cost-effective, it could be used to provide effective treatment to millions of individuals with AUD who do not receive in-person care.

Networking With Arabic: Learning Strategies Through Digital and Social Platforms

The use of classical methods, lack of technology, and passive activities in learning Arabic lowers students' interest. Lack of innovation, creativity, and the use of social media also hinder students' critical thinking skills. Thus, a more effective and interactive strategy is needed to increase motivation and positive attitude towards Arabic language. This study aims to analyze Arabic language learning strategies through digital and social platforms, find out how the role, as well as the benefits of digital and social platforms for Arabic language learning. The research method used is qualitative research with research procedures through library research. In this study, it has been found that Arabic language learning strategies through digital and social platforms can be applied to improve mastery of Arabic language skills, such as social media Instagram, WhatsApp, Tiktok, YouTube and Twitter and the use of AI technology. The results show that the use of digital and social platforms can improve students' Arabic language skills, make learning more interesting, flexible and varied, and increase motivation and competitiveness at the global level.

Review of the Processing Parameters of the Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation on Titanium Alloys for Biological Application

Recently, calcium phosphate (Ca-P) based composites, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate apatite (CA), have gained attention as desirable bioactive coatings. These coatings have the power to improve implant materials’ biocompatibility and speed up the process of osseointegration between the implant and host bone. Moreover, bioactive layers are formed when titanium implants oxidize in solutions containing calcium and phosphorus compounds, which greatly shortens the time needed for implant osseointegration. Furthermore, the characteristics of PEO coatings on titanium and titanium alloys are largely dependent on the electrolyte’s composition, additives, temperature, and electrical factors. This paper focuses on how PEO coating of pure titanium and other biomedical-grade titanium alloys is affected by electrolyte’s composition, additives, temperature, and electrical parameters (power source, frequency, voltage, oxidation duration, and current density). Importantly, these traits can alter the ultimate form, composition, and crystal structure of the coating. This review emphasizes the significance of the PEO procedure, current advancements, and potential areas for further research. By gaining a more profound comprehension of the components of bioactive coatings, scientists can enhance their efficiency in orthopedic and dental implants, thus streamlining the production process.

A Study of Joint Liberal Arts Curriculum Operation for College Students in the Shared University System

This study aims to present the development and implementation case of a joint liberal arts curriculum for college students through the Shared University system, and to derive implications for operating shared liberal arts curricula among regional universities. The research procedure was as follows: First, Focus Group Interviews (FGI) were conducted with 16 college students and 3 faculty members to understand the difficulties faced by college students in regional universities. Next, the core competencies and curricula of universities in the Gangwon region were investigated and analyzed to develop a joint liberal arts curriculum. Finally, a survey was conducted and analyzed with 130 college students who completed the joint liberal arts curriculum developed by the shared university system. The common liberal arts courses of Shared University were positively evaluated in terms of diversity and convenience of classes. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between satisfaction with the curriculum and the desire to remain and form lasting ties in the region. The findings highlight how shared universities, as unified educational platforms, can facilitate the exchange of liberal arts education, enhance inter-university collaboration, and generate educational outcomes challenging to achieve by individual institutions alone. This suggests shared universities can significantly enhance regional education capabilities and act as a pivotal hub connecting various regional universities.

Penerapan Media Bioflok Dalam Budidaya Ikan Lele Dumbo Dan Ikan Gurame Di Desa Kejuden Kecamatan Depok Kabupaten Cirebon

Fish farming is an effort to utilize the resources around to achieve a common goal in a group, This activity is carried out in order to produce fish in a controlled and profit-oriented container or media. It is hoped that the products produced will be multiplied and abundant. After field observations in Kejuden Village, there is some information that the problems faced by fish farmers due to limited resources such as land and water are the main obstacles in dumbo catfish cultivation and carp farming, especially in areas with high population density such as Kejuden Village. One of them is the use of biofloc media. In this study, the researcher used a case study research method. is a research procedure that produces descriptive data obtained from informants in the field, The data collection techniques used are interviews, and observations. Based on the results of research in the field, biofloc fish cultivation techniques have been applied such as feeding, probiotic administration and fish pond maintenance, but there are several techniques that are not applied such as water quality measurement, temperature, fish growth monitoring and weight monitoring per fish. Based on the results of the study, the researcher concluded that there are several stages in the cultivation process, namely the preparation stage, both land preparation, broodstock, spawning, and other facilities that support the catfish cultivation process. The land preparation in question is the preparation of a pond for catfish cultivation. There are various types of mini kola such as earthen ponds, tarpaulin ponds, and cast ponds, or even by using other media that have currently been developed so that the process of cultivating catfish using biofloc requires a lot of great preparation.

TRAINING MODEL OF EVASION TECHNIQUES IN DOUBLE ART CATEGORY OF PENCAK SILAT BASED ON ATTACK MACHINE

Pencak silat, as a traditional martial art, has evolved into a modern combat sport that is now featured in various national and even international events. This research has developed 11 training models for evasion techniques in the double category of pencak silat using the Attack Machine and an Instrument Test to measure the speed of evasion techniques, named the Attack Machine Test. This research was conducted using the Research and Development method. The research procedure followed the ADDIE model, which includes Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection involved 30 active students specializing in the art category, particularly doubles, using testing and measurement techniques as the Instrument Test for collecting pretest and posttest data (Attack Machine Test). The data analysis presented includes descriptive quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results of this study show that the average pretest score was 58.3 and the posttest score was 67.5, with standard deviations of 21.104 and 17.555, respectively. In the t-test table for Equality of Means, with a significance level of < 0.05 for the One-Sided p Mean Difference Two-Sided p Std. Error Difference, it indicates the significant improvement in training effectiveness and reaction speed in the double category.

The Commercialization of Cuban Medical Services in Primary Health Care

Introduction: The activity of the health sector and its exports require a comprehensive and systemic approach. Cuba has resources that affect the growth of health tourism. Marketing the services that are carried out every day in Primary Health Care is not integrated into the work system of its professionals. Objective: Implement a strategy for the commercialization of Cuban Medical Services from Primary Health Care. Methods: An intervention study with a single study group was carried out between July 2022 and June 2023, in the municipality of Trinidad, Sancti Spíritus province. 90 participants were included. Qualitative and quantitative research techniques and procedures were integrated. The feasibility test was applied to reach a consensus among the specialists consulted. Results: the female sex predominated. Before applying the strategy, the level of information was 100% inadequate, and then it went to a 98.88% adequate level of information. The applied strategy solves the essential problems of the investigation. The opinion of the specialists was in favor of the applicability of the strategy. Conclusions: The strategy introduced positive modifications in the knowledge of those included in the study. It was considered very appropriate by the specialists consulted, so its application is viable.

A study of mobile learning among adult neo-literates in courses by the Iranian Literacy Movement Organization

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of mobile learning on educating Iranian adult neo-literates within courses held by Iranian Literacy Movement Organization. Design/methodology/approach A concurrent mixed-methods design was used to investigate to what extent the adult neo-literates in Shiraz, Iran, were ready to use mobile phones in their courses. The qualitative section involved merging and summarizing basic themes into organizing themes. The themes were then integrated to create a single global theme. Findings The results showed that the participants were ready to embrace m-learning. Instrumentality was the most influential factor contributing to neo-literates’ readiness for m-learning. Findings also showed that from learners’ standpoint, mobile phones presented some unique features, enabling them to integrate elements from both distance and face-to-face courses. They also believed that mobile phones or other information and communications technology gadgets provided better opportunities for learning, although they fall short of fully replacing human instructors. Research limitations/implications The limitations of the study were the participants’ limited familiarity with the research procedure and the impossibility of holding joint gatherings at specific locations. Originality/value This applied study helps the literacy movement to take strong steps toward creating an educational environment that guarantees learning anytime and anywhere for its learners.