Use Of Production Inputs Research Articles

Optimization Of The Use Of Input In Turmeric Farming In Ibru Village, Mestong District, Muaro District, Jambi

This research was conducted in Ibru Village, Mestong District, Muaro Jambi Regency, focusing on turmeric farmers as respondents. The study aimed to achieve three primary objectives: (1) to analyze the production function associated with turmeric farming, (2) to evaluate the level of optimization and economic efficiency in the utilization of production factors, and (3) to determine the optimal use of production inputs in turmeric cultivation. A census approach was employed, encompassing all 26 turmeric farmers in Ibru Village as the study’s respondents. The methodological framework utilized the Cobb-Douglas production function analysis, followed by optimization calculations to assess economic efficiency. The results of the study indicated several key findings: (1) land and labor inputs were found to significantly impact the increase in turmeric production per hectare annually, while the inputs of seeds and compost fertilizers did not show a significant effect on production levels; (2) the current use of land and labor in turmeric farming was identified as economically inefficient; and (3) optimization analysis suggested that there is potential for expanding turmeric farming to 1,925 hectares, with a corresponding increase in labor utilization to 31,213 labor days (HOK). These findings provide valuable insights into the efficiency of production practices in turmeric farming and offer guidance for potential improvements and expansion in the sector.

Factors Influencing Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for NPK Fertilizer in Specialty Coffee: Insights from Pagar Alam, Indonesia

Robusta coffee cultivation in Pagar Alam City has not been carried out optimally because most farmers do not practice precision farming patterns in the use of production inputs to increase coffee plant productivity, including the use of unsubsidised coffee-specific fertilisers. In order to be accepted by farmers, fertiliser companies must pay attention to the willingness to pay of farmers for these fertilisers. For this reason, the study aims to: (1) determine farmer perceptions of nutrient content, ease of use and quality of fertiliser, (2) determine the value of farmers’ willingness to pay for unsubsidised NPK fertiliser for coffee in Pagar Alam City, and (3) determine the effect of nutrient content, ease of use and quality of fertiliser and other factors on farmers' WTP in Pagar Alam City. The research location was determined purposively with the consideration that Pagar Alam City is one of the highest coffee producing areas in Indonesia. A total of 100 coffee farmers were used as samples and interviewed using a prepared questionnaire. Data on farmers' willingness to pay was obtained by using the contingent valuation method (CVM). Descriptive analysis was used to determine the level of farmers' perception of nutrient content, ease of use and quality of fertiliser. Multiple linear regression methods was used to analyze the effect of nutrient content, ease of use and fertiliser quality and other factors on farmers' WTP. The results showed that the average value of farmers' WTP for unsubsidised NPK fertiliser for coffee was IDR 11,160 per kg which is lower than the price of unsubsidised NPK fertiliser commonly paid by coffee farmers. The study found that fertiliser quality, ease of fertiliser uses and fertiliser nutrient content, farm income level, land size, age, farming experience, household size and farmer membership status in farmer groups significantly affect the farmers’ WTP.

Analysis Of Allocative Efficiency And Factors Affecting The Production Of Inorganic And Semi-Organic Rice Farming

The purpose of this research is to determine the allocative efficiency of the use of production inputs and factors that affect inorganic and semi-organic rice farming in Papar District, Kediri Regency. The methods used in this study are multiple linear regression analysis and allocative efficiency (price) analysis. The results of this study show that the factors that affect the production of inorganic rice fields are land area, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides, among the three factors that affect inorganic rice farming, the use of land area production inputs is not efficient so there needs to increase the land area. While the use of inputs in the production of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is known to be inefficient so there needs to be a reduction in the production input. Meanwhile, the results for factors that affect the production of semi-organic rice fields are land area, seeds, and manure. The use of land area production inputs is not yet efficient so it is necessary to add these inputs, while the use of seed and manure inputs is not efficient so there needs to be a reduction in the production input

Challenges of Indonesian Industrialization and Trade Problems in the Industrial Era 4.0 for the Indonesian Economy and Government Policy Breakthrough

Industry 4.0 was born in 2011, for Indonesia it has brought benefits to industrialization and trade starting from 24-hour production automation, time efficiency because the process is fast and connected to the internet for unlimited distances with the help of internet signals, saving minds because AI-based technology is able to think to answer our questions and the ability to store and provide big data, production and trading costs are clearly more efficient because paperless, sending data without couriers, calculating the use of production inputs is more accurate so it is more economical. However, besides the advantages, there are also many challenging problems in Indonesia, starting from misuse of online media platforms, cyber crime (illegal taking of company data/hacking, misuse of other people's personal data for online fraud and illegal investment) which causes state losses of more than Rp. 232, 646 trillion until 2023. Therefore, the government has issued a policy breakthrough in the form of policies that have a broad impact and legal regulations that provide strict limits and sanctions.

EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PADA PERTANIAN PERKOTAAN DI KOTA SEMARANG: PENDEKATAN STHOCHASTIC FRONTIER

Improving food self-sufficiency requires a strategy to increase paddy rice production. The urban agriculture initiative in Semarang City is seen as a suitable policy. However, the current increase in agricultural productivity through improved production efficiency is hampered by land conversion and inappropriate use of production inputs. The objective of this study is to assess the technical efficiency of wet-rice farming and its influencing factors in Semarang City. Cross-sectional data from 68 respondents were used in this study. The data analysis strategy used in this study is Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) combined with Stochastic Frontier Cobb Douglas production function. The results show that land area, seeds, NPK, urea, and pesticides are the main determinants of rice production. Paddy rice cultivation in Semarang City is technically efficient (0.73). Formal education and other sources of off-farm income are factors that influence the level of technical inefficiency of wet-rice cultivation. Strategies to achieve food self-sufficiency in urban agriculture include developing extension strategies and improving agricultural infrastructure.

Technical efficiency of factors affecting soybean farming in Tanjab Timur Regency

This research was carried out with the aim of: Knowing the general description of soybean farming in Tanjab Timur Regency, Analyzing the level of technical efficiency of soybean farming in Tanjab Timur Regency, Analyzing the level of technical inefficiency of soybean farming in Tanjab Timur Regency. The analytical tool used is Stochastic Frontier production function analysis with Cobb- Douglas and calculating the level of efficiency and inefficiency. This research was conducted in Tanjab Timur Regency. The sampling technique was the census method with a sample of 120 farmers. The data used is secondary and primary data. The research results showed that: The condition of the land in the research area is tidal land with an average production of 1,039, The use of production inputs in the research area is technically efficient, reaching 0.767. Socio-economic factors such as age and education variables have no real effect and increase inefficiency while experience variables, number of family members and extension have no real effect, but increase technical efficiency or reduce inefficiency, Simultaneously or partially age, education, experience, number of family members and extension has no real effect on production.

Environmental Impacts of Rice Intensification Using High-Yielding Varieties: Evidence from Mazandaran, Iran

This article aims to show the potential contribution of high-yielding rice varieties to achieve sustainable intensification in paddy farming, by focusing on a developing country. A comparative life cycle assessment of traditional vs. high-yielding varieties is carried out by comparing the area-based and yield-based results. Primary data are collected through a farm survey (49 farms in the Mazandaran province, Iran; spring 2018). The results highlight that high-yielding varieties can reduce the yield-scaled impacts. However, area-scaled impacts are subject to increase for most impact categories. Statistically significant trade-offs involve global warming potential (+13% per ha and −28% per t in high-yielding varieties) and fossil resource depletion (+15% per ha and −26% per t in high-yielding varieties). Pesticide management is the most alarming practice. High-yielding varieties increase pesticide consumption and related toxicity impacts both per t and per ha. This study is a new contribution to the literature by improving and broadening the mainstream productivity perspective of current life cycle assessment research about crop varieties. The lessons learnt from this study suggest that the trade-offs between yield-scaled and area-scaled impacts should be carefully considered by decision-makers and policymakers, especially in developing countries that, like Iran, are affected by the overexploitation of natural resources. Targeted policy and the development of farmer education and advisory services are needed to create the enabling conditions for farm management changes, including conscious use of production inputs while avoiding heuristics.

Estimating cost efficiency and sources of inefficiency in paddy farming: A study in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta

The misuse of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides in rice cultivation is leading to low-quality outputs, high production costs, health issues and environmental problems (e.g., degraded soil quality, water pollution and increasing greenhouse gases). The efficient use of production inputs would be a feasible way to mitigate these issues. This paper employed a true random-effects model to measure cost efficiency and investigate the factors affecting cost inefficiency among Vietnamese rice producers. This study used the surveyed data of 350 rice households collected in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The findings of this research show that the mean cost efficiency score is 0.92 with a wide variation (0.26 – 0.99). This study indicates that there is still potential for inefficient rice producers to save production costs by improving their cost inefficiency. The study also reveals a positive relationship between cost inefficiency and farm size, natural disasters and rice diseases. This suggests that as farms grow, natural disasters and rice diseases become more prevalent and rice producers become increasingly incapable of managing input costs. This study suggests that supportive policies should focus on improving rice farmers’ skills to manage production inputs and deal with rice diseases and natural disasters to minimize rice production costs.

РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ СТРАНАХ, НАХОДЯЩИХСЯ ПОД САНКЦИЯМИ

The world is increasingly using sanctions to achieve the economic and political goals of their initiators. They tend to target key sectors of the economy, including trade and finance. Sanctions are also applied to individuals and companies. At the same time, agriculture and food security are formally exempted from restrictions on humanitarian grounds, but are still negatively affected because they are an integral part of the economy. In many countries, the effects of sanctions are compounded by other factors of internal instability, such as military conflicts, natural disasters, and mismanagement. This article analyzes the dynamics of agricultural production, the use of production inputs and some indicators of food security in five countries under sanctions pressure (Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea). The aim is to analyze the development of the agricultural sector in these countries under sanctions. It is found that sanctions are a severe blow to the economy, including agriculture, but do not affect regime change, which is the ultimate goal of their initiators. The impact of sanctions is amplified in the case of secondary sanctions and the creation of a broad coalition. Moreover, the simultaneous application of financial and trade sanctions has a more pronounced negative effect. In addition to internal instability, sanctions significantly raise the composite Global Hunger Index, increasing the level of undernourishment in a country and negatively affecting the availability and stability of food supplies, while also increasing import dependence and food prices. In all the countries analyzed, the combination of constraints has led to a decline in agricultural productivity and access to re- sources, which has reduced agricultural production. At the same time, the industry is demonstrat- ing its ability to adapt to prevailing conditions.

Ograniczenie wybranych środków produkcji w uprawie rzepaku ozimego: wyzwania i możliwości maksymalizacji plonu z zachowaniem aspektów ekologicznych

The research conducted in 2021-2022 is preliminary and its aim was to draw attention to the benefits of maintaining ecological aspects in agricultural production. The experiment compared the response of two varieties of winter rapeseed (Tigris, Riccardo KWS) to two levels of cultivation intensity and the profitability of the applied agrotechnical treatments. The research shows that the yield and chemical composition of seeds depended on the cultivation technology used. More favorable economic effects were obtained from growing winter rapeseed at a medium-intensity level (A2), despite the lower yield. The Tigris variety exceeded the Riccardo KWS F1 variety in the tested parameters. It has been shown that in less intensive cultivation systems, the efficiency of the use of production inputs increases, which may contribute to reducing the negative impact on the natural environment.

Entrepreneurship and misallocation in production network economies

This paper investigates how sectoral linkages amplify or diminish misallocation at the intensive and extensive margins. Our analysis is based on a multisector general equilibrium model with input–output linkages, heterogeneous entrepreneurial abilities, and endogenous occupational choice. Distortions affect the intensive use of production inputs and they also impact the agents’ occupational decisions, misallocating the mass and type of entrepreneurs in different sectors of production. When the most distorted sectors are upstream (downstream), input–output linkages amplify (diminish) the loss from entreprenurial misallocation. We calibrate the model to the US and quantify the output losses from sectoral corporate taxes, decomposing the role of networks and the extensive margin decisions. We find that sectoral linkages quadruple the loss from the misallocation of entrepreneurs. We study an entry subsidy program, showing that it should target those sectors whose marginal entrepreneurs suffer larger profit losses, even if they are not necessarily the most distorted.

COMPARISON OF SIDENUK NUCLEAR RICE AGRIBUSINESS WITH CILIWUNG RICE IN BAJENG DISTRICT, GOWA REGENCY

This study aims to analyze the comparison of production input use, production process, marketing, support, and income of rice fields planted with Sidenuk nuclear rice and rice fields planted with Ciliwung rice in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency. The data obtained were analyzed using the descriptive comparative method to compare the comparative use of production inputs, production processes, marketing, support and farm income, and using comparative test analysis using the t-test to compare differences in income between Sidenuk Nuclear rice farmers and Ciliwung rice farmers. There are differences in agricultural inputs in this study, the difference is the area of land, the type and amount of seeds used, the type and amount of fertilizer used, the type and amount of pest and plant disease drugs used, as well as the amount of labor and the length of work required. In the production section, there are differences in seeding time, transplanting time, the amount and time of weeding, fertilizer time, and harvest time. In the marketing and support section, no differences were found. T test results sig value, (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05 which means H0 is rejected so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the net income of Nuclear Sidenuk rice farmers and Ciliwung rice farmers in Bajeng district, Gowa Regency.

Analisis fungsi keuntungan usahatani kacang hijau (Phaseolus ra-diatus L.) di Kabupaten Malaka Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

The cause of the low productivity of mung beans is partly due to the inefficient use of production factors, which will theoretically affect the profit level of farming. This study specifically aims to analyze the allocation of the use of production inputs and to analyze the profit function of mung bean farming. Data collection used a survey method by interviewing 52 farmers in Central Malaka District, Malaka District, East Nusa Tenggara. Data analysis used a quantitative descriptive method, through the analysis of farm costs, and analysis of the Cobb-Douglass Unit Output Price profit function. The results showed that mung bean farming was profitable with a profit rate of around 7.66 million rupiah per hectare. The allocation of farming inputs that significantly affect production are land area, seeds, and pesticides, with coefficient values ​​of 0.96, 0.56 and -0.49, respectively. Meanwhile, variable inputs that significantly affect profits are fertilizer prices, pesticide prices, and labor costs, with coefficient values ​​of -0.43, 0.43, and -0.75, respectively. These results inform several aspects: (a) increasing the area of ​​land and seeds increases production, conversely increasing the use of pesticides can reduce production and therefore it is necessary to adjust the correct dosage, (b) the use of fertilizers is not significant to production caused by the application dose is too low, ( c) the use of labor is not significant to production and its addition reduces profits, so it needs to be more efficient in its use by prioritizing the quality of the workforce.

Optimasi Penggunaan Input Produksi pada Usahatani Kentang di Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Jawa Tengah

Potato is one of the horticultural crops with high economic value and potential as an export commodity. The productivity of potatoes in Central Java tends to decrease, and it is suspected that the use of production inputs is not optimal. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the use of production inputs, the factors that influence potato production, and the optimization of the use of production inputs in potato farming in the Dieng Plateau. The research was conducted from October to December 2021 in Sumberejo Village, Batur Subdistrict, Banjarnegara District, which has an altitude of + 1700 meters above sea level. This research used a survey method on 30 potato farmers. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively, and analyzed the factors that influence production using multiple linear regression, followed by an optimization test on the use of production inputs. The results showed that the use of production inputs among farmers still varied and had not followed the results of soil analysis. Seed, manure, and labor are production inputs that have a significant positive effect on potato production. To get maximum production, farmers need to add seeds, NPK fertilizer, and manure according to recommendations, while the use of labor needs to be reduced to achieve optimal yields.
 
 Keywords: highlands, inputs, increased production, potato, production

ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KECAMATAN MADAPANGGA KABUPATEN BIMA

The aims of this study were to: (1) examine the effect of the use of production factors on maize production in Madapangga sub-district, Bima district; (2) Analyzing the efficiency of the use of production factors in corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency; (3) Knowing the advantages of corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency.
 The method used in this research is descriptive method. This research is located in Madapangga Subdistrict, Woro Village and Tonda Village and determined by purposive sampling on the basis that these two villages have the most corn farmers and the area of ​​corn farming land. The number of respondents was determined as many as 30 respondents and selected by proportional random sampling. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data.
 The results of the research are: (1) Production factors (production inputs) that affect the production of corn farming are production factors: seeds (X2), urea (X3) and the use of labor (X7), while other production factors are phoska fertilizer (X4 ), Pelangi fertilizer (X5) and pesticides (X6) had no significant effect on corn farming production. (2) Based on the results of the analysis of the efficiency of input use in corn farming in the District of Madapangga, Bima Regency, it is known that the use of seed input (X2), urea fertilizer (X3), phoska fertilizer (X4) and the use of labor (X7) is not efficient because the value of the efficiency ratio NMP/BKM > 1 then it is necessary to add input, while for inputs Production of rainbow fertilizers (X5) and pesticides (X6) is not efficient because the value of the efficiency ratio of NMP/BKM is < 1 and it is necessary to reduce the amount of use of production inputs. (3) The profit earned on corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency in 2022 is Rp. 40,003,234 per arable area or 25,808,538 per hectare.

Analysis of the Efficiency of the Use of Potato Farming Production Inputs in Ngaduman, Getasan District, Semarang Regency

The right allocation of production inputs will provide benefits for farmers. Farmers cultivate potato with different allocation of production inputs. The wrong understanding of the assumption that the more production inputs allocated, the higher the productivity of the crops cultivated, is the cause of the higher production costs incurred by farmers, causing inefficiency. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the use of production inputs and the allocative efficiency of seeds, fertilizers Phonska, fertilizers Za, pesticides, and labor on the productivity level of potatos farming. The research was conducted through interviews with 30 potato farmers as respondents who were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using the Cobb-Douglas production function model and allocative efficiency analysis. The results showed that land area and labor had a significant positive effect on potatos productivity, while seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides had no significant effect on potatos productivity. In potato farming in Ngaduman, seeds and labor production inputs are not allocatively efficient, while production inputs for fertilizers Phonska , fertiluzers Za and pesticide are allocatively inefficient.

Minimum tillage on vertisols lowland increases rice production and soil properties

Current land management is a challenge for wetlands vertisol soil types, especially on the rice production, which often clashes with future soil quality. This study aimed to obtain optimal performance of rice growth and physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil on various tillage systems. The study was carried out in the vertisol rice fields of Batu Bolong sub-village, Ungga village, Southwest Praya District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara during the second growing season (March-October) in 2021. The experimental design was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design consisting of three levels of: no-tillage as T1, minimum tillage as T2, and maximum tillage as T3, with each treatment being repeated five times. The use of production inputs and infrastructure was uniform in all experimental plots. The results showed that T2 treatment had some of the best parameters for rice growth and yield as well as the physical and chemical properties of the land. Plant height and number of tillers at T2 were significantly more maximal in observing the vegetative phase. The dry weight of 1000 grains and rice productivity from the highest were respectively T2 > T1 > T3. The physical and chemical parameters of the soil also showed the same order. Thus, it can be said that minimum tillage is the best tillage system to obtain the growth and yield of rice in the second growing season and the most optimal physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil.

Production function estimation analysis of black grape farming in Buleleng District-Indonesia

This study aims to estimate the production function of black grape farming. The research was conducted in Buleleng Regency. This area was taken purposively. The sample village is Kalianget Village. The sample size was 33 farmers. Sampling was done by Simple Random Sampling method. The data used were primary data and secondary data. Data analysis method used Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier production function model. The results showed that cultivation technology is relatively traditional, the use of production factors is not in accordance with the recommended dosage. The use of production inputs of urea fertilizer 1622 kg/ha/year, urea fertilizer 714 kg/ha/year, and Organic fertilizer 1544 kg/ha/year. The production achieved was only 18.49 kg/ha/year. The use of production inputs simultaneously had a significant effect on black grape production. Variables of land area, NPK fertilizer, Urea fertilizer, Organic fertilizer, and labor have a significant effect on black grape production. Technical efficiency; ET = 0.83, meaning that the achievement of black grape farming production is 83% of Frontier production, black grape farming can be concluded for the use of production inputs used by farmers has been technically efficient.

Comparative Analysis of Rice Farming with Tabela and Tapin System in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province

This study aimed to analyze the comparison of the Tabela system rice farming with the Tapin system. The research was conducted in East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province. The sample villages are Lagan Ulu Village and Simbur Naik Village. The sample size was 90 farmers, 45 farmers with the Tabela system of lowland rice farming, and 45 farmers with the Tapin rice farming system. Sampling with Simple Random Sampling Method. The data analysis method used descriptive analysis, and the production function of Cobb-Douglass Stochastic frontier, the measure of farmer behavior refers to the Kumbhakar and X-square test. The results of the study explain that the use of production inputs for the two rice farming patterns of the Tabela system and the Tapin system is not significantly different except for the use of seeds. Tabela rice farming system is more responsive to the use of production inputs. Farmers’ preferences for production risk are risk takers. The allocation of the use of urea fertilizer and pesticides is a risk averter, while the use of seeds, NPK fertilizer, and labor is a risk taker. Productivity, revenue, income, RC ratio, and profit were higher in the Tabela farming system than the Tapin system and were significantly different. How to Cite: Saidin Nainggolan, Yanuar Fitri, Ardhiyan Saputra, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of Rice Farming with Tabela and Tapin System in Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province." Journal of Agriculture and Crops, vol. 9, pp. 172-177.

INPUT PRODUKSI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA PEMBESARAN IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) KOLAM AIR TENANG DI KOTA SUKABUMI (Suatu kasus Pembudidaya di Pokdakan Kota Sukabumi)

ABSTRACTFish culture production factors are an important component of the fish culture production process that determines the income of fish farmers. This study aims to analyze the business of tilapia rearing in the city of Sukabumi, and the production factors that influence the income of the tilapia rearing business. This study is a quantitative study using primers collected through a survey using a questionnaire. The research data collection was carried out in January 2022 - February 2022. The analytical method used was Multiple Linear Regression. The independent variables used were land area, number of seeds, amount of feed and labor costs. While the dependent variable is income. Ordinal Least Square (OLS) method is used for hypothesis testing on Multiple Linear Regression. The results showed that simultaneously the income of tilapia rearing farmers was influenced by land area, number of seeds, amount of feed, and labor costs of 82.83%. However, partially, only the variables of Land Area, Number of Seeds, and Amount of Feed, which affect the income. Meanwhile, the labor cost variable has no significant effect on the income of tilapia cultivators. The elasticity value of the fish farming production input factor has an elasticity value of less than 1 which means it is inelastic. The total elasticity of production factors for land area, seeds, feed and labor is 1.008 or fish rearing business is classified as an increasing return to scale business, meaning that the proportion of increase in output is greater than the increase in production input. Thus, optimizing the use of production inputs is very important in the fish farming process in order to maximize the income of fish farmers.