Input Angular Momentum Research Articles

Investigating the influence of input angular momentum on independence hypothesis in heavy-ion induced fusion reactions

The experimental verification of compound nucleus theory has successfully been performed for light ion induced reactions using proton and α-particle beams on different targets. However, such studies using the heavy ion beams are scarce due to the complex nature of heavy ion interaction process. The present work is an attempt to validate the Bohr's independent hypothesis using heavy ion beam of 18O beam on 159Tb targets and 12C on 165Ho targets, forming the same compound nucleus 177Ta. A channel wise analysis of cross section data for evaporation residues produced in 18O+159Tb and 12C+165Ho systems has been performed within the framework of statistical model code PACE4 and found to reasonably agree with the experimental data. Further, a comparison of reaction cross section data for the same evaporation residues produced in the two different systems has been found to follow Bohr's compound nucleus hypothesis at relatively higher excitation energies. However, at relatively lower excitation energies, a significant deviation in the measured cross section data of the same residues in the above mentioned systems have been observed and is attributed to the discrepancies in angular momentum values. Such discrepancies are well explained on the basis of input angular momentum involved in the reactions.

Global transonic solution of hot accretion flow with thermal conduction

ABSTRACT We examine the effect of thermal conduction on the low-angular momentum hot accretion flow (HAF) around non-rotating black holes accreting mass at very low rate. While doing so, we adopt the conductive heat flux in the saturated form, and solve the set of dynamical equations corresponding to a steady, axisymmetric, viscous, advective accretion flow using numerical methods. We study the dynamical and thermodynamical properties of accreting matter in terms of the input parameters, namely energy (ε0), angular momentum (ℓ0), viscosity parameter (α), and saturation constant (Φs) regulating the effect of thermal conduction. We find that Φs plays a pivotal role in deciding the transonic properties of the global accretion solutions. In general, when Φs is increased, the critical point (rc) is receded away from the black hole, and flow variables are altered particularly in the outer part of the disc. To quantify the physically acceptable range of Φs, we compare the global transonic solutions with the self-similar solutions, and observe that the maximum saturation constant ($\Phi ^{\rm max}_{\rm s}$) estimated from the global solutions exceeds the saturated thermal conduction limit (Φsc) derived from the self-similar formalism. Moreover, we calculate the correlation between α and $\Phi ^{\rm max}_{\rm s}$ and find ample disagreement between global solutions and self-similar solutions. Further, using the global flow variables, we compute the Bernoulli parameter (Be) which remains positive all throughout the disc, although flow becomes loosely unbound for higher Φs. Finally, we indicate the relevance of this work in the astrophysical context in explaining the possibility of mass-loss/outflows from the unbound disc.

Measurement of the isomeric yield ratios of 196m,gAu and 195m,gHg in the 197Au(p,x) reaction

Abstract In this study, the isomeric yield ratio (IR) values of 196m,gAu and 195m,gHg in the 197Au(p,x) reaction within the proton energy range of 49.8–65.5 MeV were measured at the high-intensity proton linac facility (KOMAC) in Korea using an offline γ-ray spectrometric technique. Furthermore, the IR values of the above-mentioned products at different proton energies were calculated from the cross-sections based on the data in the TENDL-2019 library and are found to be higher than the experimental values. The IR values of 196m,gAu and 195m,gHg in the 197Au(p,x) reaction from the present and other works are compared with the similar literature data in the 197Au(γ,n), 196Hg(γ,n), 197Au(n,2n), 196Hg(n,2n), natPt(α,x) and natPt(3He,x) reactions to examine the role of compound nucleus spin, excitation energy, and input angular momentum.

Measurement of isomeric yield ratios for 104m,gAg and 106m,gAg isotopes using bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 45–75 MeV

In this study, the isomeric yield ratio (IR) values of 104m,gAg and 106m,gAg in an natAg(γ,xn) reaction at the bremsstrahlung end-point energies (Ee) of 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, and 75 MeV were measured using an off-line gamma-ray spectrometric technique. The IR values at different bremsstrahlung end-point energies were also calculated from the cross-section data available in the TENDL-2019 library, and they were found to exhibit a similar trend with some differences in the magnitude. Herein, the IR values of 104m,gAg and 106m,gAg with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 70 and 75 MeV were measured for the first time. The present data were compared with those from the literature for 107,109,natAg(γ,xn), natAg(n,xn), natPd(p,xn), and 103Rh(α,xn) reactions to examine the role of the excitation energy and input angular momentum.

Properties of accretion flow in deformed Kerr spacetime

We study the properties of a low-angular momentum, inviscid, advective accretion flow in a deformed Kerr spacetime under the framework of general theory of relativity. We solve the governing equations that describe the flow motion in terms of input parameters, namely energy ($E$), angular momentum ($\lambda$), spin ($a_{\rm k}$) and deformation parameter ($\varepsilon$), respectively. We find that global transonic accretion solutions continue to exist in non-Kerr spacetime. Depending on the input parameters, accretion flow is seen to experience shock transition and we find that shocked induced accretion solutions are available for a wide range of the parameter space in $\lambda-E$ plane. We examine the modification of the shock parameter space with $\varepsilon$, and find that as $\varepsilon$ is increased, the effective region of the parameter space is reduced, and gradually shifted towards the higher $\lambda$ and lower $E$ domain. In addition, for the first time in the literature, we notice that accretion flow having zero angular momentum admits shock transition when spacetime deformation is significantly large. Interestingly, beyond a critical limit of $\varepsilon^{\rm max}$, the nature of the central object alters from black hole (BH) to naked singularity (NS) and we identify $\varepsilon^{\rm max}$ as function of $a_{\rm k}$. Further, we examine the accretion solutions and its properties around the naked singularity as well. Finally, we indicate the implications of the present formalism in the context of astrophysical applications.

Disentangling complete and incomplete fusion events in 12C + 169Tm reaction by spin-distribution measurements

The spin-distributions of different reaction products populated via x n and α/2αx n channels in + system have been measured at E lab ≈ 6, 7 and 7.5 MeV A−1 to disentangle complete and incomplete fusion events. Particle (p, α)-γ-coincidences were recorded to identify evaporation residues channel-by-channel. The spin-distributions of fusion evaporation and direct-α-emitting channels are found to be distinct corroborating the involvement of entirely different reaction dynamics in their production, respectively termed as complete (CF) and incomplete fusion (ICF). The values of mean input angular momenta, obtained from the analysis of the spin-distributions, involved in ICF-α/2α xn channels are estimated to be larger than that observed in CF-xn/α xn channels. For ICF-α/2αxn channels, the multiplicity of fast-α particle emission increases with the magnitude of input angular momentum imparted into the system. The CF residues display a population of broad spin range while the ICF residues are confined to a narrow spin range generally localized in the higher spin states. Findings of the present work conclusively demonstrate the possibility to populate high spin states in final reaction products using ICF, which are otherwise not accessible. Further, an attempt has been made to study the variation of input angular momentum with the choice of different entrance-channel parameters. It has been observed that the value of input angular momentum involved in ICF-α/2α xn channels increases with the deformation and entrance-channel mass-asymmetry parameter, indicating strong entrance-channel dependence of ICF dynamics.

Systematic of fusion incompleteness in reactions induced by α cluster projectiles

In order to investigate the systematic of fusion incompleteness in reactions induced by $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ cluster projectiles, a detailed study was carried out using the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}+^{165}\mathrm{Ho}$ system at energies above the barrier. Measurements of the excitation function (EF) of the observed evaporation residues (ERs) were carried out by employing the offline characteristic $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray detection method. The EFs of the ERs populated through $xn/pxn$ channels were found to be in good agreement with the prediction of the statistical model code pace4, whereas the EF of the ERs populated through the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ emitting channels shows an enhancement over the pace4 prediction. The degree of fusion incompleteness in the $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}+^{165}\mathrm{Ho}$ reaction is estimated by comparing the fusion EF with coupled channels calculations and the extracted fusion function with the universal fusion function. The influence of input angular momentum on fusion reaction dynamics is explored in light of the sum-rule model. An attempt has also been made to examine the dependence of incomplete fusion probability on various entrance channel parameters.

Probing incomplete fusion dynamics and role of the projectile deformation in the 19F + 154Sm system

Transition intensity distributions for evaporation residues 169-166 Lu(xn), 168, 167Yb(pxn), 168, 165, 164 Tm \( (\alpha\mathrm{xn})\), 165 Er \( (\alpha\mathrm{p3n})\), 162 Ho \( (2\alpha\mathrm{3n})\) and 163-160 Dy \( (2\alpha\mathrm{pxn})\) populated through complete and incomplete fusion in the 19F + 154Sm system have been measured. The feeding intensity patterns of incomplete fusion channels are found to have a narrow range feeding only for high spin states, while complete fusion channels are strongly fed over a broad spin range and widely populated. A comparative study of present measurements shows the effect of projectile deformation along with entrance channel mass asymmetry. Further, comparison of present results with the literature suggests that the mean input angular momentum values are relatively larger in the collision of a deformed projectile with a deformed target than that in the collision of a spherical projectile with a deformed target at the same relative velocity of incident projectile. However, ICF dynamics has also been found to be influenced by relative orientations (i.e. tip-tip or side-side) of the interacting partners. It means that there is more involvement of peripheral collisions between the deformed-deformed nuclei. The present analysis also shows that there is a projectile dependence on ICF dynamics, which would require more investigation. Present results of mean input angular momenta for different evaporation residues highlight the role of projectile deformation and orientations of interacting nuclei in the dynamics of incomplete fusion as well as complete fusion.

Vibration control of gyroelastic spacecraft using input shaping and angular momentum devices

This paper studies the vibration control of gyroelastic spacecraft. The dynamics of gyroelastic spacecraft considering the angular momentum devices are derived using Kane's method. A novel control strategy combining input shaping (IS) and variable-speed control moment gyros (VSCMGs) is proposed to suppress the flexible vibration of gyroelastic spacecraft. Input shaping technique is used to suppress the flexible vibration due to attitude motion. An adaptive controller is designed to further reduce the residual vibration using VSCMGs. Considering that the modal variable cannot be measured in practice, a novel modal observer is designed to estimate the modal variables for vibration control. Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Investigation of Incomplete Fusion events: Recent Results

The dynamics of incomplete fusion processes has been extensively investigated and is found to compete with complete fusion at low incident energies (i.e. ≤ 7.0 MeV/A). Recent reports suggest that the probability of incomplete fusion depends on Qα of the projectile, and found to be originated from the high input angular momentum provided into the system due to non-central collisions. Apart from the well documented existence of low energy incomplete fusion, a strong contradiction on previously established mass-asymmetry systematics has been noticed recently. It has been found that the incomplete fusion fraction increases with entrance channel mass-asymmetry for the individual projectiles. Further, a strong dependence of incomplete fusion on the Coulomb effect (ZP ZT ) has been observed and is found to increase linearly with ZP ZT, a significantly important approach to understand the breakup fusion reactions. For better insights into the onset and strength of incomplete fusion in terms of various entrance channel parameters and to understand the role of high angular momenta in the onset of incomplete fusion, a quality data have been obtained in a variety of experiments performed at the Inter-University Accelerator Center (IUAC), New Delhi, India. Some of the recent results are presented in this paper, conclusively demonstrating the effect of entrance channel parameters on the onset and strength of incomplete fusion, and the usefulness of incomplete fusion to populate high-spin states in final reaction products.

Role of input angular momentum and target deformation on the incomplete-fusion dynamics in the O16+Sm154 system at ELab=6.1 MeV/nucleon

Spin distributions of nine evaporation residues $^{164}\mathrm{Yb}(xn)$, $^{163}\mathrm{Tm}(pxn)$, $^{168,167}\mathrm{Er}(2pxn)$, $^{163\ensuremath{-}161}\mathrm{Ho}(\ensuremath{\alpha}pxn)$, $^{164}\mathrm{Dy}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}(\ensuremath{\alpha}2pxn)$, and $^{160}\mathrm{Dy}(2\ensuremath{\alpha}xn)$ produced through complete- and incomplete-fusion reactions have been measured in the system $^{16}\mathrm{O}+^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$ at projectile energy $=6.1\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{nucleon}$ using the in-beam charged-particle ($Z=1,2$)--\ensuremath{\gamma}-ray coincidence technique. The results indicate the occurrence of incomplete fusion involving the breakup of $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ into $^{4}\mathrm{He}+^{12}\mathrm{C}$ and/or $^{8}\mathrm{Be}+^{8}\mathrm{Be}$ followed by fusion of one of the fragments with target nucleus $^{154}\mathrm{Sm}$. The pattern of measured spin distributions of the evaporation residues produced through complete and incomplete fusion are found to be entirely different from each other. It has been observed from these present results that the mean input angular momentum for the evaporation residues produced through complete fusion is relatively lower than that of evaporation residues produced through incomplete-fusion reactions. The pattern of feeding intensity of evaporation residues populated through complete- and incomplete-fusion reactions has also been studied. The evaporation residues populated through complete-fusion channels are strongly fed over a broad spin range and widely populated, while evaporation residues populated through incomplete-fusion reactions are found to have narrow range feeding only for high spin states. Comparison of present results with earlier data suggests that the value of mean input angular momentum is relatively higher for a deformed target and more mass asymmetric system than that of a spherical target and less mass asymmetric system by using the same projectile and the same energy. Thus, present results indicate that the incomplete-fusion reactions not only depend on the mass asymmetry of the system, but also depend on the deformation of the target.

Measurement of isomeric yield ratios of 86m,gY and 87m,gY in the quasi-monoenergetic neutron induced reactions of 89Y

The isomeric yield ratios (IR) of 86m,gY and 87m,gY were measured in the 23 to 37 MeV quasi-monoenergetic neutron induced reaction of 89Y by using an off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique. The IR values in the 89Y(n,xn) reactions were also calculated using the TALYS 1.8 code and found to be in good agreement for 87m,gY but slightly less for 86m,gY. The IR values of 86m,gY and 87m,gY from the present work in the 89Y(n,xn) reactions were compared with the literature data in the 89Y(γ,xn), 89Y(p,x) and 89Y(α,x) reactions. It was found that the IR values of 86m,gY and 87m,gY in all these reactions increase with excitation energy. At the same excitation energy, the IR values are higher in the alpha induced reaction than in the proton, neutron and photon induced reactions due to higher input angular momentum in the former than in the later. These two observations indicate the role of entrance parameters. However, it is surprising to see that at the same excitation energy, the IR values of 86m,gY and 87m,gY in the 89Y(n,xn) reaction are nearly constant and significantly higher than in the 89Y(γ,xn) reaction.

Spin distribution of evaporation residues formed in complete and incomplete fusion in 16O+154Sm system

Spin distributions for several evaporation residues populated in the 16O+154Sm system have been measured at projectile energy ≈ 6.2 MeV/A by using the charged particle–γ-coincidence technique. The measured spin distributions of the evaporation residues populated through incomplete fusion associated with ‘fast’ α and 2α-emission channels are found to be entirely different from fusion–evaporation channels. It is observed that the mean input angular momentum for the evaporation residues formed in incomplete fusion channel is relatively higher than that observed for evaporation residues in complete fusion channels. The feeding intensity profile of evaporation residues populated through complete fusion and incomplete fusion have also been studied. The incomplete fusion channels are found to have narrow range feeding only for high spin states, while complete fusion channels are strongly fed over a broad spin range and widely populated. Comparison of present results with earlier data suggests that the mean input angular momentum values are relatively smaller for spherical target than that of deformed target using the same projectile and incident energy highlighting the role of target deformation in incomplete fusion dynamics.

Observed side feeding in incomplete fusion dynamics in 16O + 160Gd reaction at energy ∼5.6 MeV/A: Spin distribution measurements

Spin distributions of various residues populated via complete fusion (CF) and incomplete fusion (ICF) reactions in the interaction of 16O with 160Gd at the projectile energy Eproj∼5.6 MeV/A have been studied. The experimentally measured spin distributions of the residues associated with the ICF reactions are found to be distinctly different from those populated via the CF reactions. An attempt has been made to extract the side-feeding pattern from the spin distributions of CF and ICF reaction products. It has been observed that the CF products are strongly fed over a broad spin range. But, no side-feeding takes place in the low observed spins as low partial waves are strongly hindered in the fast α-emission channels (associated with ICF) in the forward direction. It has also been observed that the mean input angular momentum for direct α-emitting (ICF) channels is relatively higher than evaporation α-emitting (CF) channels, and it increases with direct α-multiplicity in forward direction.

Pre-compound emission in low-energy heavy-ion interactions

Recent experimental studies have shown the presence of pre-compound emission component in heavy ion reactions at low projectile energy ranging from 4 to 7 MeV/nucleons. In earlier measurements strength of the pre-compound component has been estimated from the difference in forward-backward distributions of emitted particles. Present measurement is a part of an ongoing program on the study of reaction dynamics of heavy ion interactions at low energies aimed at investigating the effect of momentum transfer in compound, precompound, complete and incomplete fusion processes in heavy ion reactions. In the present work on the basis of momentum transfer the measurement of the recoil range distributions of heavy residues has been used to decipher the components of compound and pre-compound emission processes in the fusion of 16 O projectile with 159 Tb and 169 Tm targets. The analysis of recoil range distribution measurements show two distinct linear momentum transfer components corresponding to pre-compound and compound nucleus processes are involved. In order to obtain the mean input angular momentum associated with compound and pre-compound emission processes, an online measurement of the spin distributions of the residues has been performed. The analysis of spin distribution indicate that the mean input angular momentum associated with pre-compound products is found to be relatively lower than that associated with compound nucleus process. The pre-compound components obtained from the present analysis are consistent with those obtained from the analysis of excitation functions.

Precompound emission in low-energy heavy-ion interactions from recoil range and spin distributions of heavy residues: A new experimental method

Recent investigations of heavy-ion reactions at low incident energies have indicated the presence of precompound emission component in considerable strength. In most cases the strength of the precompound component is estimated from the difference in forward-backward distributions of emitted light fast particles and also from the analysis of the measured excitation functions. This paper reports a new method of deciphering the relative contributions of compound and precompound components associated with fusion of $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ with $^{159}\mathrm{Tb},^{169}\mathrm{Tm}$, and $^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$ targets by measuring the recoil ranges of heavy residues in an absorbing medium along with the online measurement of the spin distributions in reaction residues produced in the fusion $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ beam with $^{159}\mathrm{Tb}$ and $^{169}\mathrm{Tm}$ targets. Analysis of recoil range and spin distributions of the residues shows two distinct linear momentum-transfer components corresponding to precompound and compound nucleus processes. The input angular momentum associated with precompound products is found to be relatively lower than that associated with compound nucleus process. The precompound components obtained from the present analysis are consistent with those obtained from the analysis of excitation functions.

Measurement of flux-weighted average cross-sections and isomeric yield ratios for 103Rh( $\gamma$ ,xn) reactions in the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 55 and 60 MeV

We measured the flux-weighted average cross-sections and the isomeric yield ratios of 99m, g, 100m, g, 101m, g, 102m, gRh in the 103Rh( $ \gamma$ , xn) reactions with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 55 and 60MeV by the activation and the off-line $ \gamma$ -ray spectrometric technique, using the 100MeV electron linac at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Korea. The flux-weighted average cross-sections were calculated by using the computer code TALYS 1.6 based on mono-energetic photons, and compared with the present experimental data. The flux-weighted average cross-sections of 103Rh( $ \gamma$ , xn) reactions in intermediate bremsstrahlung energies are the first time measurement and are found to increase from their threshold value to a particular value, where the other reaction channels open up. Thereafter, it decreases with bremsstrahlung energy due to its partition in different reaction channels. The isomeric yield ratios (IR) of 99m, g, 100m, g, 101m, g, 102m, gRh in the 103Rh( $ \gamma$ , xn) reactions from the present work were compared with the literature data in the 103Rh(d, x), 102-99Ru(p, x) , 103Rh( $ \alpha$ , $ \alpha$ n) , 103Rh( $ \alpha$ , 2p3n) , 102Ru(3He, x), and 103Rh( $ \gamma$ , xn) reactions. It was found that the IR values of 102, 101, 100, 99Rh in all these reactions increase with the projectile energy, which indicates the role of excitation energy. At the same excitation energy, the IR values of 102, 101, 100, 99Rh are higher in the charged particle-induced reactions than in the photon-induced reaction, which indicates the role of input angular momentum.

Theoretical analysis and experimental verification on optical rotational Doppler effect.

We present a theoretical model to sufficiently investigate the optical rotational Doppler effect based on modal expansion method. We find that the frequency shift content is only determined by the surface of spinning object and the reduced Doppler shift is linear to the difference of mode index between input and output orbital angular momentum (OAM) light, and linear to the rotating speed of spinning object as well. An experiment is carried out to verify the theoretical model. We explicitly suggest that the spatial spiral phase distribution of spinning object determines the frequency content. The theoretical model makes us better understand the physical processes of rotational Doppler effect, and thus has many related application fields, such as detection of rotating bodies, imaging of surface and measurement of OAM light.

Excitation function and isomeric ratio of Tc-isotopes from the 93Nb(α, xn) reaction

Abstract The excitation functions of 94–96Tc isotopes and independent isomeric ratios of 93m, gTc, 94m, gTc, and 95m, gTc from the 93Nb(α, xn) reaction within the energy range below 40 MeV have been determined by using a stacked-foil activation and an off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique at the Variable Energy Cyclotron Center, Kolkota, India. The excitation function of 94–96Tc in the 93Nb(α, xn) reaction was also calculated by using the computer code TALYS 1.6. The present data are found to be in general agreement with the literature data but have similar trend with some deviation from calculated data of the TALYS 1.6 code. The isomeric ratios of 93m, gTc, 94m, gTc, and 95m, gTc in the 93Nb(α, xn) reactions from the present work and literature data were compared with similar data in the 93Nb(3He, xn) and 96Mo(p, xn) reactions. In all the three reactions, the isomeric ratios increase with the increasing excitation energy. However, at all excitation energies, the isomeric ratios of 93m, gTc, 94m, gTc, and 95m, gTc in the 93Nb(α, xn) and 93Nb(3He, xn) reactions are higher than those in the 96Mo(p, xn) reactions, which indicate the role of input angular momentum besides excitation energy. Above the excitation energy of 35–55 MeV, the isomeric ratios of 95m, gTc, 94m, gTc, and 93m, gTc decrease in all the 93Nb(α, xn), 93Nb(3He, xn) and 96Mo(p, xn) reactions. This decreasing trend at higher excitation energy indicates the starting of pre-equilibrium reaction, which depends on the target, projectile, and type of reaction products.

Effect of the Target Deformation on Incomplete Fusion Dynamics

To investigate the role of target deformation on incomplete fusion dynamics, a particle-gamma coincidence experiment has been performed at Inter University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi. Spin distributions for various evaporation residues populated via complete and incomplete fusion of 16 O with 124 Sn at 6.3MeV/nucleon have been measured. Experimentally measured spin distributions of the residues produced as incomplete fusion products associated with fast α and 2α-emission channels observed in forward cone are found to be distinctly different from those of the residues produced as complete fusion products. The mean value of input angular momentum J0 for evaporation residues produced through xn channels (complete fusion products) is found to be J0 ≈ 7ħ, while the mean value of input angular momentum J0 for the residues produced through direct αxn and 2αxn channels (incomplete fusion products) in forward cone, are found to be J0 ≈ 9ħ and ≈ 12ħ respectively for 16 O + 124 Sn (spherical) system [7]. The mean value of input angular momentum J0 for the system 16 O + 169 Tm (deformed) reported in ref. [8], are found to be ≈10ħ for xn-channels (complete fusion products) and for direct αxn and 2αxn channels (incomplete fusion products) the value of J0 approaches to ≈ 13ħ and ≈16ħ, respectively. The mean values of the input angular momentum observed for xn (complete fusion products), αxn and 2αxn (incomplete fusion products) in 16 O + 124 Sn (spherical) system are smaller than that of the mean values of the input angular momentum observed for xn (complete fusion products), αxn and 2αxn (incomplete fusion products) in 16 O + 169 Tm (deformed) system. The comparison of data inferred that the mean values of the input angular momentum are smaller in case of spherical target than that of deformed target at same projectile energy of 16 O-ion beam. It means that the target deformation affect the incomplete fusion dynamics.