Inorganic Cd Research Articles

UPTAKE OF CADMIUM BY LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa) AS INFLUENCED BY ITS ADDITION TO A SOIL AS INORGANIC FORMS OR IN SEWAGE SLUDGE

The effect of forms of added Cd in a soil on the uptake of Cd by lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was studied in the greenhouse. For two levels of added Cd (2.5 ppm and 5.0 ppm) and for two successive crops grown on the same soil, the average Cd concentration of plants grown in soil treated with inorganic forms was five times greater than that of plants from soils treated with sewage sludged containing Cd at the same concentrations. Forms of inorganic Cd had some effect on Cd uptake; lower amounts were taken up from soils treated with Mn oxide-Cd precipitates than from Cd precipitates with Fe and Al hydroxides and with lime. The dry matter weight of the first lettuce crop was higher at 2.5 ppm levels of Cd additions than at 5.0 ppm levels of Cd. The differences were significant for one inorganic treatment and for both sludge treatments. In the second crop of lettuce, the differences were smaller between the two levels of Cd for inorganic treatments; however, for two sludge treatments the yields were greater and statistically significant at 5.0 ppm Cd as compared to 2.5 ppm Cd. A significant correlation coefficient (r) was obtained between the DTPA-extractable Cd and the Cd content of lettuce plants for the six inorganic treatments. However, when sludge treatments were included along with inorganic treatments, the value of the correlation coefficient (r) was reduced. Caution is advised in employing the DTPA extraction of soils as a measure of Cd uptake by plants when Cd is incorporated from heterogeneous sources.

Influence of pH, Phosphorus, Cadmium, Sewage Sludge, and Incubation Time on the Solubility and Plant Uptake of Cadmium

AbstractCorn (Zea mays L.) ‘Pioneer‐3932A’ was grown in the greenhouse on a loamy sand amended with cadmium, cadmium‐spiked sewage sludge, and sewage sludge. Soil pH was adjusted to approximately 5.7, 6.7, and 7.8, and phosphorus was applied at 0, 200, and 400 µg/g soil. Soil treatments were applied 0, 8, and 16 weeks prior to planting, and the plants were grown for 5 weeks.Increasing the pH of the soil amended with inorganic cadmium (CdSO4) decreased the Cd concentration of corn seedlings by approximately 67%. The Cd concentration was reduced approximately 47% for a similar increase in pH on soil amended with Cd‐spiked sludge.The Cd concentration of corn seedlings was significantly reduced by the addition of P. Increasing incubation time decreased the availability of added inorganic Cd, but increased the availability of Cd applied with sewage sludge.Increasing the amount of Cd added to the soils increased the Cd concentration of the corn seedlings regardless of the form of Cd used. Cadmium concentrations in the corn seedlings were significantly correlated with DTPA‐extractable soil Cd.Solubility measurements of Cd in the acidified soils showed undersaturation with respect to all known Cd minerals, whereas in soils above pH 7.25 the Cd solubility was limited by CdCO3 at a CO2 level of 0.003 atm or higher and showed the expected hundredfold decrease in solubility for each unit increase in pH. The minerals Cd3(PO4)2 and Cd(OH)2 are much too soluble to account for the precipitation of Cd in these soils.

Solubility and Plant Uptake of Cadmium in Soils Amended with Cadmium and Sewage Sludge

AbstractAdsorption and precipitation of Cd2+ in soil suspensions were investigated as possible factors controlling Cd2+ levels in soils. Both adsorption of Cd2+ onto soils surfaces and possibly precipitation of cadmium minerals were evident in this study. At low cadmium levels solubility relationships in soils are best described by adsorption and fit the empirical Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Based on current thermodynamic data the solid phases CdCO3 (log Ksp = −12.07) and Cd3(PO4)2 (log Ksp = −32.61) most likely limit Cd2+ activities in soils. Under alkaline conditions, Cd2+ activity decreased approximately 100‐fold for each unit increase in pH. In this study, CdCO3 precipitated in sandy soils, having low cation exchange capacity (CEC), low organic matter, and pH values >7.0.DTPA‐extractable cadmium levels in soils were highly correlated (r = 0.96) with Cd concentrations in corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings grown on soils amended with Cd solutions, sewage sludge, or Cd‐spiked sewage sludge. Increasing Cd additions to the soil increased plant Cd regardless of the form of Cd added. Addition of inorganic Cd to the soil increased the Cd concentration of corn seedlings more than equivalent Cd additions in the form of sewage sludge or Cd‐spiked sludge.

ChemInform Abstract: HOMOGENITAET VON EINKRISTALLEN DER FESTEN LOESUNGEN CD(X)HG(1‐X)TE

Chemischer InformationsdienstVolume 6, Issue 14 Physical Inorganic Chemistry ChemInform Abstract: HOMOGENITAET VON EINKRISTALLEN DER FESTEN LOESUNGEN CD(X)HG(1-X)TE S. G. YUDIN, S. G. YUDINSearch for more papers by this authorI. S. AVER'YANOV, I. S. AVER'YANOVSearch for more papers by this authorYU. G. BELASHOV, YU. G. BELASHOVSearch for more papers by this authorI. M. NESMELOVA, I. M. NESMELOVASearch for more papers by this author S. G. YUDIN, S. G. YUDINSearch for more papers by this authorI. S. AVER'YANOV, I. S. AVER'YANOVSearch for more papers by this authorYU. G. BELASHOV, YU. G. BELASHOVSearch for more papers by this authorI. M. NESMELOVA, I. M. NESMELOVASearch for more papers by this author First published: April 8, 1975 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.197514004Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume6, Issue14April 8, 1975 RelatedInformation

ChemInform Abstract: CD‐ UND POLARISIERTES KRISTALLSPEKTRUM VON BIS‐(L‐HISTIDINATO)‐KOBALT(II)

Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische ChemieVolume 2, Issue 40 Preparative Inorganic Chemistry ChemInform Abstract: CD- UND POLARISIERTES KRISTALLSPEKTRUM VON BIS-(L-HISTIDINATO)-KOBALT(II) P. L. MEREDITH, P. L. MEREDITHSearch for more papers by this authorR. A. PALMER, R. A. PALMERSearch for more papers by this author P. L. MEREDITH, P. L. MEREDITHSearch for more papers by this authorR. A. PALMER, R. A. PALMERSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 5, 1971 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.197140120AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue40October 5, 1971 RelatedInformation