Acid Mine Research Articles

The relationship between uric acid and bone mineral density in the intermediate stage of CKD 1–3

BackgroundSome studies have suggested that uric acid has antioxidant properties that can prevent bone loss, but the relationship between uric acid and bone mineral density is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between UA and BMD in patients with CKD stage 1–3.MethodsWe extracted 13,047 participants from the NHANES database, including 7342 male subjects and 5705 female subjects. Weighted multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation between UA and BMD in patients with CKD stages 1–3.ResultsIn patients with CKD stage 1–3, UA was significantly correlated with BMD. In the male group, UA was positively associated with BMD (β, 7.94 [95%CI, 4.95, 10.94]). In the female group, there was a negative relationship between them (β, -5.33 [95%CI, -8.77, -1.89]). The relationship between UA and BMD in male group showed an inverted U-shaped curve, and UA was positively correlated before 6.1 mg/dl and negatively correlated after 6.1 mg/dl. The relationship was basically negative in the female group.ConclusionsFor the patients with CKD stage 1–3, the relationship between UA and BMD showed an inverted U-shaped curve in the males, while the relationship was largely negative in the females.

Andean Crops Germination: Changes in the Nutritional Profile, Physical and Sensory Characteristics. A Review.

Andean crops such as quinoa, amaranth, cañihua, beans, maize, and tarwi have gained interest in recent years for being gluten-free and their high nutritional values; they have high protein content with a well-balanced essential amino acids profile, minerals, vitamins, dietary fiber, and antioxidant compounds. During the germination bioprocess, the seed metabolism is reactivated resulting in the catabolism and degradation of macronutrients and some anti-nutritional compounds. Therefore, germination is frequently used to improve nutritional quality, protein digestibility, and availability of certain minerals and vitamins; furthermore, in specific cases, biosynthesis of new bioactive compounds could occur through the activation of secondary metabolic pathways. These changes could alter the technological and sensory properties, such as the hardness, consistency and viscosity of the formulations prepared with them. In addition, the flavor profile may undergo improvement or alteration, a critical factor to consider when integrating sprouted grains into food formulations. This review summarizes recent research on the nutritional, technological, functional, and sensory changes occur during the germination of Andean grains and analyze their potential applications in various food products.

Characterization of Selected Microalgae Species as Potential Sources of Nutrients and Antioxidants.

Microalgae are exceptional organisms from a nutritional perspective, boasting an array of bioactive compounds that have long justified their incorporation into human diets. In this study, we explored the potential of five microalgae species: Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis chuii, Chaetoceros muelleri, Thalassiosira weissflogii, and Tisochrysis lutea. We conducted comprehensive analyses of their nutritional profiles, encompassing protein content, individual amino acid composition, mineral and trace element levels, fatty acid profiles (including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)), polyphenol compositions, and vitamin B content. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts was evaluated using two methods: ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assay. The total protein content of the microalgae ranged from 34.09 ± 0.39% to 42.45 ± 0.18%, with the highest concentration observed in T. weissflogii. Essential amino acids such as histidine, threonine, lysine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and methionine were present in concentrations ranging from 0.53 ± 0.02 to 12.55 ± 2.21 g/16 g N. Glutamic acid emerged as the most abundant amino acid, with concentrations ranging from 6.73 ± 0.82 to 12.55 ± 2.21 g/16 g N. Among the microalgae species, T. chuii exhibited the highest concentrations of calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn), while C. muelleri showed prominence in magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and iron (Fe). T. weissflogii stood out for its potassium (K) content, and T. lutea contained notable amounts of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb). Regarding fatty acid profiles, Nannochloropsis sp. and T. chuii were predominantly composed of SFA, while C. muelleri and T. weissflogii were rich in MUFA. PUFAs dominated the fatty acid profile of T. lutea, which also exhibited the most diverse range of polyphenolic substances. We also analyzed the B vitamin content, with T. lutea displaying the highest concentrations of niacin (B3) and riboflavin (B2). Antioxidant activity was confirmed for all microalgae tested using DPPH and ABTS radical IC50 (mg/mL) converted to Trolox equivalent (TEAC). These findings underscore the substantial potential of the examined microalgae species as sources of biologically valuable substances characterized by rapid growth and relatively undemanding cultivation conditions.

Микробная биофортификация злаковых культур: перспективы и текущее развитие

Hidden hunger is a significant social issue in numerous countries worldwide, causing the development of nutrition-related diseases among populations annually. Biofortification offers a sustainable solution as it combines methods of cross-breeding, genetic engineering, agriculture, and microbiology. The authors reviewed international studies in the field of microbial biofortification in order to assess the microbial potential to enh ance the essential element content in grain crops. The review featured relevant scientific articles published by foreign experts in Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar in 1984–2024. The keywords included biofortification, wheat, rice, oats, growth stimulation, antagonism, and phytopathogen. The sources were processed in Zotero and VOSviewer. Nitrogen fixation and nutrient solubilization are the main mechanisms of microbial biofortification. Solubilization occurs as a synthesis of organic and inorganic acids, protons, siderophores, extracellular enzymes, and other secondary metabolites. Microorganisms can improve the expression of plant genes in terms of absorption and nutrient accumulation. They also affect root systems, facilitating the extraction of nutrients from the soil. The authors summarized laboratory and field studies on microbial biofortification of rice, wheat, and barley with iron, selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Biofortified growth-promoting microorganisms are a sustainable, reliable, and cost-effective approach to food security and hidden hunger issues. The review offers relevant information that can be used to develop new microbial preparations for the domestic agriculture.

Application of Cations, Acids, and Antioxidants on Mitigating Acrylamide Formation in Food with a Special Focus on Potato and Cereal Based Foods - A Review

Acrylamide is a toxic substance that formsin food during high-temperature processing methods such as deep-frying, baking, and roasting, through the Maillard reaction or the acrolein pathway. Since acrylamide has been identified for its carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, global food authorities have established benchmark levels for different food categories. Consequently, researchers have proposed various mitigation strategies, focusing on agronomical, chemical, physical, and microbial approaches. However, most of these approaches are associated with high cost, technology, extended time, and poor sensory and nutritional quality. In this context, application of various additives such as metal cations, organic and inorganic acids, and antioxidants in optimum amounts have been effective in reducing acrylamide formation. Additives contribute to reducing acrylamide either by interacting with its precursors and/or intermediate products or by breaking down acrylamide into other non-toxic substances. Since cations can form thermostable asparagine/matrix intermediates through chelation reaction between asparagine and metal cations, asparagine will be unavailable to react with carbonyl compounds to form the Schiff base. Lower pH conditions inhibit the acrylamide formation by blocking the protonation of the α-amino group of asparagine and reducing any possibility for nucleophilic addition reactions with carbonyl groups. Toxicity associated with Maillard products can be reduced by using antioxidants in the frying oil or the food. Polyphenols are capable of reducing the acrylamide formation by directly trapping acrylamide at elevated temperature. It is essential to identify the most appropriate additive, its concentration and the optimum process conditions when applying additives to get an optimal acrylamide inhibition. This review article highlights the effect of various additive applications, their effectiveness and possible future advances in food to control acrylamide formation within the accepted level.Keywords: Acrylamide, Antioxidant, Carcinogenicity, Deep-frying, Maillard reaction

Source and characteristics of inorganic acidic gases and aerosols emission in a semiconductor plant

Inorganic acids, widely used in semiconductor manufacturing processes, have become a concern as improper handling of these acids can have severe environmental impacts. This study investigates the major contamination source of inorganic acids (hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid), the different ratios of solid and gaseous inorganic acids, and the particle size distribution of solid particles emitted after local scrubber (LSC) treatment. An assessment of pollutant status revealed that hydrofluoric acid emissions dominate in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at 65%, hydrochloric acid in the diffusion (DIFF) process at 69%, phosphoric acid in the epitaxy (EPI) process at 100%, and sulfuric acid in wet etching at 85%. In contrast, particulate matter constitutes the primary component, ranging from 82% to 99% of the LSC emission. The LSC configuration is then adjusted based on the overview of inorganic acid emissions from different processes to match their characteristics. After related improvement activities, the results presented a significant reduction of 56% to 87% in inorganic acid emissions at the outlet of the LSC, and 18-68% reduction in the stack emissions.

Exploring the essential features influencing the synthesis of methylenedianiline to support industrial processes

The most important intermediate of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), the most widely and quantitatively produced isocyanate in the world, is methylenedianiline (MDA). MDA is industrially produced from the reaction of aniline and formaldehyde catalysed by inorganic acids, most commonly HCl. The reaction parameters used during the synthesis of MDA have a fundamental impact on the quality parameters of the resulting MDA product mixture, and thus on the properties of the final MDI product mixture as well. Although MDA is an important industrial intermediate, currently its synthesis at the industrial level is based on empirical rules, knowledge and rule of thumbs, the effects of production parameters and their magnitude on product properties are not known and not published in the literature. In this study, the correlations between the independent operating parameters and dependent product quality parameters characterizing the MDA mixture were explored by developing different regression models with the use of experimental laboratory synthesis data in order to support the industrial synthesis process with easily deployable models with satisfactorily high accuracy. After investigating the laboratory experiment data from a total of 46 individual laboratory experiments, it was found that with machine learning models almost all of the independent parameters can be described with satisfactory accuracy. The models presented in this work demonstrate that it is possible to develop models that can be used to adjust the ring distribution, isomer ratios and selectivity of the reaction with minimising by-product quantities according to market demands or to different objective functions by fine-tuning the production parameters., thus achieving an optimal product portfolio and operating cost for the industrial process as well.

Effect of lime on soil chemical properties and corn growth in Ultisols Lebak, Banten

Abstract The research aimed to study the effect of lime on soil chemical changes and corn growth in Ultisol Lebak, Banten. The soil used is acidic mineral soil with a pH of 4.8 and a high exchangeable (exch) Al content of 6.3 cmolc kg−1. The research design used was a completely randomized design with 6 treatments of lime doses with 5 replications. The dose of lime applied is based on exch Al namely 0, 0.5; 1.0; 1.5, and 2.0 equivalent to 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 t ha−1, respectively, and 1.0 exch Al of fosfatan. The results showed that lime application improved soil chemical properties as reflected by increasing soil pH, exch Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (BS), and decreasing Al content and saturation. In addition, lime application increases the delta of soil pH. Soil acidity (pH) increased from 4.8 to 6.3; exch Ca levels increased from 1.61 to 12.77 cmolc kg−1, exch Mg levels increased from 0.78 to 0.88 cmolc kg−1.

Korean Black Goat Extract Exerts Estrogen-like Osteoprotective Effects by Stimulating Osteoblast Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells and Suppressing Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Cells.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis, characterized by an imbalance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-driven bone formation, presents substantial health implications. In this study, we investigated the role of black goat extract (BGE), derived from a domesticated native Korean goat, estrogen-like activity, and osteoprotective effects in vitro. BGE's mineral and fatty acid compositions were analyzed via the ICP-AES method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. In vitro experiments were conducted using MCF-7 breast cancer cells, MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, and RAW264.7 osteoclasts. BGE exhibits a favorable amount of mineral and fatty acid content. It displayed antimenopausal activity by stimulating MCF-7 cell proliferation and augmenting estrogen-related gene expression (ERα, ERβ, and pS2). Moreover, BGE positively impacted osteogenesis and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells through Wnt/β-catenin pathway modulation, leading to heightened expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2, osteoprotegerin, and collagen type 1. Significantly, BGE effectively suppressed osteoclastogenesis by curtailing osteoclast formation and activity in RAW264.7 cells, concurrently downregulating pivotal signaling molecules, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6. This study offers a shred of preliminary evidence for the prospective use of BGE as an effective postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment.

Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Viscosity in Tri-n-Butyl Phosphate Mixtures Using Experimental Data

Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) is essential in the chemical industry for dissolving and purifying various inorganic acids and metals, especially in hydrometallurgical processes. Recent advancements suggest that machine learning can significantly improve the prediction of TBP mixture viscosities, saving time and resources while minimizing exposure to toxic solvents. This study evaluates the effectiveness of five machine learning algorithms for automating TBP mixture viscosity prediction. Using 511 measurements collected across different compositions and temperatures, the neural network (NN) model proved to be the most accurate, achieving a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.157% and an adjusted R2 (a measure of how well the model predicts the variability of the outcome) of 99.72%. The NN model was particularly effective in predicting the viscosity of TBP + ethylbenzene mixtures, with a minimal deviation margin of 0.049%. These results highlight the transformative potential of machine learning to enhance the efficiency and precision of hydrometallurgical processes involving TBP mixtures, while also reducing operational risks.

The effect of different conditioning agents on dentin roughness and collagen structure

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of various organic and inorganic acids on the roughness, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures of human dentin and to compare these effects with those of traditional agents, specifically phosphoric acid (PA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). MethodsCoronal dentin discs (n = 10) were examined by optical profilometry (roughness) and ATR-FTIR before and after conditioning with 32 % PA, 3 % nitric acid (NA), 20 % citric acid (CA), 20 % phytic acid (IP6) or 17 % EDTA. Spectra data were processed to quantify dentin demineralization (DM%) and percentage area of amide I curve-fitted components of β-turns, 310-helix, α-helix, random coils, β-sheets, and collagen maturation index. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis for DM% and roughness parameters, and paired t-test/Wilcoxon test for amide I components at significance level set at α = 0.05. ResultsAll treatments resulted in increased roughness parameters, with the most significant changes occurring primarily with PA, while EDTA exhibited the least changes. DM% was NA>PA>IP6>CA>EDTA in a descending order. Regarding amide I components, NA demonstrated a significant reduction in β-turns, 310-helices, and α-helices and it increased β-sheets and random coils. PA resulted in reduction in β-turns and α-helices while it increased β-sheets. CA and EDTA did not cause significant changes. The collagen maturation index significantly increased only after IP6 treatment. ConclusionsThe effect on dentin roughness parameters, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures varied based on the type of dentin surface treatment. Clinical significanceUnderstanding the impact of acids on the intrinsic properties of dentin is clinically essential for gaining insights into how these effects influence adhesion to dentin, the long-term stability of resin-based restorations, and the success of remineralization therapies.

Comparative metabolomic analysis of the phloem sap of nine citrus relatives with different degrees of susceptibility to Huanglongbing disease

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, also known as “citrus greening”, is currently considered the most devastating citrus disease due to its rapid spread, and high severity. Presently, research efforts are focused on searching for either curative treatments or resistant cultivars to combat the HLB-associated bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas).Metabolomics can help to unravel the mechanisms supporting the potential tolerance/resistance of citrus relatives. Herein, we carried out a metabolomic analysis to determine whether the level of resistance of nine citrus-related genotypes is influenced by their pre-existing metabolic background before infection. For this purpose, the healthy phloem of nine Citrinae genotypes previously categorized according to their different responses to HLB was analyzed. A total of 53 different metabolites were targeted, including amino acids, organic and inorganic acids, and sugars. Interestingly, we observed that resistant and partially resistant genotypes exhibited higher accumulations of organic acids such as quinic acid and citric acid. In contrast, the amount of total sugars showed a clear upward trend in the susceptible genotypes. Notably, within this last group of metabolites, sugar acids increase in both partially resistant and resistant accessions, being more evident in the resistant group.Alterations potentially linked to resistance levels were detected in specific amino acids belonging to the aspartate and glutamate families. Notably, only lysine levels exhibited a significant increase in the susceptible cultivars. The evaluation of five genes associated with lysine catabolism by RT-qPCR revealed differences in transcript abundance between resistant and susceptible samples suggesting a potential key role in plant defence. These findings open a new avenue to identify metabolites and/or substances that could aid in developing resistance strategies to this devastating disease.

After-effects of a closed copper mine: detailed analysis of environmental impacts in soil and plant samples

In several countries around the world, abandoned mining sites are blighted by pollution from metal and metalloids. Generated by mining processes, toxic pollutants have lasting effects on the ecosystem. The study examined the environmental impact of waste from a copper mine that was operated by the Caucasus Copper Limited Company between 1905 and 1928, revised and commissioned by Etibank in 1936, and ceased operations 75 years ago. Soil and plant samples (needles of Scotch pine, Pinus sylvestris L.) were collected from five specific regions around the mine and the levels of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were determined, including As, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, Cr, Cu, Al, and Fe. The data obtained were used to calculate the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), ecological risk index (ERI), human health risk index (BCF), and plant enrichment factor (EFPlant). In soil samples, the average EF values of certain elements such as As (453), Cu (59.9), Pb (30.7), Zn (5.26) were detected at high levels. However, average Igeo values indicate high pollution levels for As (8.25), Cd (6.72), Cu (4.94), Pb (4.33) and Zn (2.42), indicating the existence of serious ecological risks in the affected areas. Additionally, the average CF values indicate serious pollution levels from heavy metals such as As (1605), Cd (584), Pb (99.4), Cu (81.9), and Zn (14.6), highlighting the extensive pollution situation resulting from mining activities. Meanwhile, average ERI values indicate that Cd, As, Cu, and Pb pose serious ecological risks in the study areas.These PTEs were found in high concentrations in the waste tail and dump. Furthermore, the analysis determined that there was enrichment for Mn, Cd, Al, Cu, Pb, and Fe elements in plant samples. These PTEs have the potential to spread more widely depending on seasonal conditions and local topography. This situation demonstrates the need to measure metal and metalloids concentrations at certain times, taking into account the potential for environmental pollution of surface runoff water and underground resources in areas with high drainage potential from acid mines, such as at the Kuvarshan mine tailings site.

Successful plant growth in acid mine drainage‐impacted soil using pot‐based experiments with waste amendments

Successful plant growth in acid mine drainage‐impacted soil using pot‐based experiments with waste amendments

Mineralization of clofibric acid by persulfate-promoted catalytic subcritical water oxidation process using CoFe2O4@SiO2 catalyst

The design and use of innovative treatment processes are very important in preventing the possible toxic effects of organic pollutants in aquatic environments. One of these methods is the subcritical water oxidation method, which has been used recently. In the current study, the mineralization of clofibric acid (CFA) was carried out under more effective and mild conditions using persulfate (PS) as an oxidant and CoFe2O4@SiO2 catalyst by the subcritical water oxidation (sub-CWO) process. Characterization of the synthesized catalyst was performed through XRD, FTIR, TEM and SEM–EDS analyses. In the CFA oxidation with persulfate-promoted catalytic Sub-CWO process, optimum working conditions was determined as 15 mM PS, 40 min, 383 K, and 0.3 g L−1 catalyst dosage using the response surface method and Box–Behnken design. The catalyst's efficiency remained relatively stable after three cycles under optimal conditions, resulting in a 97% total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Decomposition products were determined and a degradation mechanism was proposed.

Development and optimization of high-performance extraction chromatography method for separation of rare earth elements

The effectiveness of commonly used extractants for chromatographic separation of rare earth elements (REEs) was compared. Columns loaded with similar molar concentrations of tributyl phosphate (TBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP), and N-Methyl-N, N, N-tri-octyl-ammonium chloride (Aliquat-336), with mineral acid as eluent were evaluated. Retention factors were determined, and separation efficiency was assessed based on the resolution data of the REEs acquired under the same elution conditions for each column. HDEHP demonstrated the best separation efficiency for the entire REE series (mean Rs = 2.76), followed by TBP (mean Rs = 1.52), while Aliquat-336 exhibited the lowest performance (mean Rs = 1.42). The HDEHP-coated column was then used to optimize the extraction chromatographic separation of the REEs. The primary challenge was to completely elute the heavy REEs (Tb – Lu) while maintaining adequate separation of the light REEs (La – Gd) within a reasonably short time. The stepwise gradient elution procedure improved the resolution between adjacent REEs, allowing the complete separation of the entire REE series within 25 minutes. Better separation efficiency for light REEs was achieved at higher column temperatures and a mobile phase flow rate of 1.5 mL/min in the tested domain of 20–60 °C, and 0.5–2.0 mL/min, respectively, resulting in plate heights (H) ranging from 0.011 to 0.027 mm.

Investigation of nanoscale interfacial bonding properties in foamed asphalt cold recycled mixtures under chloride salt erosion

Salt-induced erosion from de-icing salts in Northern China and sea salt in Eastern coastal areas significantly compromises asphalt pavement integrity. A selection was made of four different types of foamed asphalt with different levels of water content, two types of aged asphalt, and three typical minerals (α-quartz, calcite, and bauxite), in addition to three chloride salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2). It was found that (1) in dry conditions, the moisture level of foamed asphalt noticeably influences the adhesive performance at the juncture between asphalt and aggregates. Unlike acidic minerals, the bond strength between alkaline and neutral minerals and foamed asphalt increases as the water content of the foamed asphalt rises; (2) chloride salt solutions presence and increased levels significantly reduced the bond strength between asphalt and aggregates, particularly impacting neutral and alkaline minerals (in the presence of 10 % NaCl solution, the work of adhesion was reduced by 83.82 % and 87.48 %, respectively); (3) the influence of diverse chloride salts on the interfacial adhesive performance of asphalt mixtures varied, with the three chloride salts reducing the asphalt-aggregate interfacial adhesion work by 44.52 %, 21.90 %, and 34.94 %, respectively. (4) the investigation determined that the mineral composition considerably influences the hygroscopic sensitivity of asphalt mixtures. Minerals of an acidic nature exhibit superior moisture resistance when juxtaposed with alkaline counterparts, recommending the adoption of acidic aggregates in scenarios demanding elevated mixture stability.

Feasibility and Advantages of Continuous Synthesis of Bioinspired Silica Using CO2 as an Acidifying Agent.

In this work, we present a method for the continuous synthesis of bioinspired porous silica (BIS) particles using carbon dioxide (CO2) as an acidifying agent. Typical BIS synthesis uses strong mineral acids (e.g., HCl) to initiate the hydrolysis and subsequent condensation reactions. The use of strong acids leads to challenges in controlling the reaction pH. The synthesis approach proposed in this work offers for the first time CO2 as an attractive alternative for the synthesis of BIS and demonstrates the continuous process. The developed method leverages the mild acidic and the self-buffering nature of the CO2 combined with additional options for controlling mass transfer rates to facilitate enhanced control of pH, which is crucial for controlling the properties of synthesized BIS. Proof of concept experiments conducted in continuous mode demonstrated a yield of over 70% and a surface area exceeding 500 m2/g. These results indicate the successful synthesis of BIS using CO2 with properties in the desired range. The enhanced pH control offered by this CO2-based process will facilitate the implementation of a sustainable and robust continuous process for BIS synthesis.

Nutritional and Biochemical Analysis of Locally Produced Wine from a Blend of Banana (Musa sapientum) and Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Background: Wine is a low-alcohol beverage made from fresh grapes or grape juice through partial or complete fermentation. Wine contains many nutrients necessary for the human body, such as sugar, vitamins, amino acids, mineral elements, polyphenols etc. Objective: This project aimed at analysing the nutritional and biochemical composition of locally produced wine from a blend of banana and dates palm fruit. The study includes determining the proximate, phytochemical, mineral, physicochemical, and amino acid profiles. Methods: The method involves heating a crucible dish to eliminate moisture, determining fat content, defatting the sample, determining ash, and determining crude protein. The phytochemical analysis includes tests for saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and tannin. Mineral analysis was carried using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while physicochemical analysis includes alcohol, pH, and temperature measurements as well as determination of amino acid profile analysis of banana-date palm wine. Results: The proximate analysis revealed high moisture content (97.87%), suggesting a good source of fruit wine production. The wine contains low crude fibre (1.01%), low crude protein (0.14%), Ash content (0.49%) and low crude lipid (0.58%). The wine also contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Physicochemical analysis revealed an average pH of 4.62 to 4.71, with sugar concentration decreasing daily over four days and two mineral elements were reveal which are potassium and phosphorus. The amino acid profile analysis of banana-date palm wine reveals that it contains both essential and non-essential amino acids. The essential amino acids include isoleucine, methionine, histidine, and phenylalanine, non-essential amino acids include glutamic acid, asparagine, proline, and cysteine. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a blend of Banana (musa sapientum) and date palm fruit (Phoenix dactyliferal) wine has a unique pleasant aroma, and may have the potential to provide both essential and non-essential amino acids, provide other nutrients that are important for normal physiological function of the body.

STABILIZING ADDITIVE FOR CRUSHED STONE-MASTIC ASPHALT CONCRETE BASED ON A LOW-GRADE PRODUCT AND WASTE FROM THE PRODUCTION OF CHRYSOTILE ASBESTOS

The results of a study of adsorption activity for bitumen and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the additive for crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete (SMA), made on the basis of low-grade chrysotile and dusty waste from the enrichment of chrysotile-asbestos production, are presented. Structuring of the surface of layered magnesium silicates 3MgO 2SiO2 2H2O by treatment with dilute solutions of mineral acids is proposed, in which magnesium dissolution occurs only from the surface layers of magnesium silicate. At the same time, due to the structural features of the tubular structure - multilayering, the initially fibrous structure of magnesium hydrosilicate is preserved, and a layer enriched with silicon is formed on the surface of the fibers. As a result, the surface acquires a more amorphous state, which causes an increase in adsorption activity for bitumen. Based on the results of establishing the physical and mechanical characteristics of an additive made from low-grade chrysotile and powdered waste chrysotile-asbestos in the prepared crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete mixture (ShchMAS-20), it is shown that the selected composition meets all the requirements of GOST 31015-2002 “Asphalt concrete mixtures and crushed stone asphalt concrete - mastic. Technical conditions".