Innovative Science Research Articles

Highly Safe and High Energy Density Lithium-Ion Battery Using Less Volatile Electrolyte

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are now used in the variety of fields including vehicles, and industrial and portable uses. Since the current LIBs use volatile and flammable electrolyte liquid, they have a risk on safety, e.g. explosion owing to an unexpected short. For ensuring the LIB safety, the cooling and safety mechanisms need to be installed in battery packs used for large scale applications, i.e. electric vehicles (EVs), and they compromise battery energy density and cost competitiveness. To overcome the issue related to the LIB safety, we recently developed a novel electrolyte having the lower vapor pressure than the conventional organic liquid electrolyte, and incorporated it into LIB. High energy density of over 300 Wh/kg and high output power of over 1,600 W/kg were successfully demonstrated. In the presention, the concept of our less volatile electrolyte, and evaluated results on performance of our highly safe, high energy density and high power LIB will be reported. This work was supported by Innovative Science and Technology Initiative for Security, ATLA, Japan.

Innovative Data Science to Transform Health Care: All the Pieces Matter.

This issue of eGEMS focuses on application of data science as a driver of health care transformation. Importantly, quantitative or qualitative analysis with a particular method is only one downstream step in the process of leveraging data. Effective analytics occurs on a continuum with multiple complementary phases, categorized here as data acquisition, ensuring or enhancing data access and usability, data analysis, and dissemination. Each of these activities is encompassed in the series of papers presented.

A design-based research approach for developing data-focussed business curricula

Although existing data science educational programmes develop talent and produce graduates, business-focused data science curricula comprising essential skills oriented to business and managerial data with associated analysis, remain underserved. Current pedagogy has focused either on data science or on purely analytic technical aspects. There is therefore, an opportunity to rethink how institutions can develop innovative data-focussed education programmes, addressing both modern industry and community demands. As both academia and industry strive to integrate applied learning, transferable and enterprise skills into business and sciences, this paper proposes a design based research approach (DBR) for designing such a new interdisciplinary data science teaching curriculum as a foundation to deliver business undergraduate degrees in Business Data Science. Adopting a design science method our proposed DBR illustrates effective utilities for conceptualising and evaluating a fully functional new degree programme - Bachelor of Business Data Science. Ten senior business information systems academics and five analytics industry practitioners in Victoria, Australia were interviewed in three iterative prototyping phases followed by a final focus group session with business information systems students that evaluated the proposed structure. The findings suggest that proposed DBR ensures the design of an innovative data science degree that may meet growing industry and interdisciplinary demands. The paper concludes by discussing overall feasibility of the proposal in the Australian higher education sector, particularly for the case context of an Australian University.

Linking Biodiversity Data Using Evolutionary History

All life on earth is linked by a shared evolutionary history. Even before Darwin developed the theory of evolution, Linnaeus categorized types of organisms based on their shared traits. We now know these traits derived from these species’ shared ancestry. This evolutionary history provides a natural framework to harness the enormous quantities of biological data being generated today. The Open Tree of Life project is a collaboration developing tools to curate and share evolutionary estimates (phylogenies) covering the entire tree of life (Hinchliff et al. 2015, McTavish et al. 2017). The tree is viewable at https://tree.opentreeoflife.org, and the data is all freely available online. The taxon identifiers used in the Open Tree unified taxonomy (Rees and Cranston 2017) are mapped to identifiers across biological informatics databases, including the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), NCBI, and others. Linking these identifiers allows researchers to easily unify data from across these different resources (Fig. 1). Leveraging a unified evolutionary framework across the diversity of life provides new avenues for integrative wide scale research. Downstream tools, such as R packages developed by the R OpenSci foundation (rotl, rgbif) (Michonneau et al. 2016, Chamberlain 2017) and others tools (Revell 2012), make accessing and combining this information straightforward for students as well as researchers (e.g. https://mctavishlab.github.io/BIO144/labs/rotl-rgbif.html). For example, a recent publication by Santorelli et al. 2018 linked evolutionary information from Open Tree with species locality data gathered from a local field study as well as GBIF species location records to test a river-barrier hypothesis in the Amazon. By combining these data, the authors were able test a widely held biogeographic hypothesis across 1952 species in 14 taxonomic groups, and found that a river that had been postulated to drive endemism, was in fact not a barrier to gene flow. However, data provenance and taxonomic name reconciliation remain key hurdles to applying data from these large digital biodiversity and evolution community resources to answering biological questions. In the Amazonian river analysis, while they leveraged use of GBIF records as a secondary check on their species records, they relied on their an intensive local field study for their major conclusions, and preferred taxon specific phylogenetic resources over Open Tree where they were available (Santorelli et al. 2018). When Li et al. 2018 assessed large scale phylogenetic approaches, including Open Tree, for measuring community diversity, they found that synthesis phylogenies were less resolved than purpose-built phylogenies, but also found that these synthetic phylogenies were sufficient for community level phylogenetic diversity analyses. Nonetheless, data quality concerns have limited adoption of analyses data from centralized resources (McTavish et al. 2017). Taxonomic name recognition and reconciliation across databases also remains a hurdle for large scale analyses, despite several ongoing efforts to improve taxonomic interoperability and unify taxonomies, such at Catalogue of Life + (Bánki et al. 2018). In order to support innovative science, large scale digital data resources need to facilitate data linkage between resources, and address researchers' data quality and provenance concerns. I will present the model that the Open Tree of Life is using to provide evolutionary data at the scale of the entire tree of life, while maintaining traceable provenance to the publications and taxonomies these evolutionary relationships are inferred from. I will discuss the hurdles to adoption of these large scale resources by researchers, as well as the opportunities for new research avenues provided by the connections between evolutionary inferences and biodiversity digital databases.

The Global Omics Observatory Network: Shaping standards for long-term molecular observation

Founded in early 2018 through a collaboration between the EU Horizon 2020 AtlantOS project and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the Global Omics Observatory Network (GLOMICON) is federating long-term ecological observatories employing "omic" (e.g. metagenomcis, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics) techniques to assess biodiversity across scales. GLOMICON is the consolidation of a series of meetings and ad hoc efforts (e.g. the multi-omic sessions at TDWG 2017) and seeks to mainstream multi-omic observation in existing observatory systems. GLOMICON currently networks >40 organisations observing biodiversity from urban and agricultural systems to the depths of the polar ocean. Coordination through GLOMICON allows the long-term observatory community to develop and align their needs, thus approaching standards bodies including the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC), the Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) organisation, and the Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP) with a common voice. Further, as more ecological observatories begin to adopt molecular techniques, GLOMICON offers a community building best practices to facilitate their operationalisation. Vitally, GLOMICON interfaces with established observation networks via organisations such as UNESCO/IOC Global Ocean Observing System through its Biology and Ecosystems Panel. Such interactions have provided invaluable guidance on how to approach global standardisation in a firmly operational and multi-stakeholder environment, while ensuring innovative science can thrive. In this contribution, we will deliver a briefing on GLOMICON's current priorities and efforts to shape molecular standards to become fit-for-purpose in observatory-grade settings. In particular, we will focus on our interactions with other key omic observing networks, including the Genomic Observatories Network, and our joint strategies to progress towards an distributed yet integrated system. We will also note practical steps the network has taken to systematise protocols and best practices, (bio)informatics routines, observatory parameters, and global intercalibration through sample exchange. Lastly, we will note the network's upcoming priorities, which feature the need to develop strategies for sustainability and the extension of coordination efforts between national, regional, and global Earth observation systems.

Differential Regulation of β‐cell Function by Tonically‐active and Receptor‐activated Gαz: Implications for β‐cell Compensation and Failure

Adenylate cyclase(AC) synthesizes the second messenger molecule, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In the insulin‐secreting β‐cell of the pancreatic islet, cAMP has critical roles in glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion and β‐cell replication. The G protein α‐subunit, Gαz, has partial tonic inhibitory activity towards AC. Our previous work has confirmed Gαz‐null mice secrete more insulin and are resistant to glucose intolerance via a significant increase in b‐cell mass. Gαz an also be activated by E‐prostanoid receptor 3 (EP3), a GPCR for the arachidonic acid metabolite, PGE2. Islets from diabetic mice and humans produce more PGE2 and express more EP3 than those from WT controls, while a EP3 antagonist restores insulin secretion. To determine the mechanisms behind the negative regulation of b‐cell function and replication by Gaz, we developed a β‐cell‐specific, cAMP biosensor expressed in intact islets, confirming, for the first time, an inverse relationship between β‐cell cAMP and Ca2+ oscillations. Loss of Gαz has the expected effects on basal β‐cell cAMP levels, and in response to an agonist of the cAMP‐stimulatory glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) receptor. Consistent with a lack of EP3 expression in islets from lean mice, neither agonists nor antagonists of the EP3 receptor have any effects on β‐cell cAMP, Ca2+, or the coordination between the two, regardless of Gαz expression. C57BL/6J Lepob(B6‐Ob) mice are a model of β‐cell compensation. We have shown the EP3:Gαz pathway is up‐regulated in B6‐Ob islets; raising the question as to whether up‐regulation of the this pathway is dysfunctional or beneficial. Here, we confirm B6‐Ob cAMP production and Ca2+ oscillations are up‐regulated as compared to WT mice. In addition, the anti‐phase relationship between cAMP and Ca2+ is lost as a result of reduce phosphodiesterase 1A expression. These results are also consistent with saturation of Ca2+‐regulatable AC isozymes. The EP3 agonist, sulprostone, had no effect on cAMP levels, but blocked Ca2+ influx, suggesting divergent signaling mechanisms between tonically‐active Gαz and receptor‐activated Gαz. The ability of activated Gαz to bind to Rap1GAP, sequestering it from AC, yields a hypothesis for this signaling divergence. Our current model is that cAMP signaling up‐regulated in the compensating β‐cell, ensures Rap1GAP is inactive towards Rap1, allowing Rap1 to promote cAMP‐mediated effects on exocytosis and β‐cell replication while serving as a sink for activated Gαz, inhibiting its action on AC isoforms critical for β‐cell function and mass.Support or Funding InformationI01 BX003700‐01A1, VA BLR&D; R01 DK102598, NIH/NIDDK; and ADA Innovative Basic Science Award 1‐14‐BS‐115This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Addressing priority challenges in the detection and assessment of colorectal polyps from capsule endoscopy and colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening using machine learning

Background: Colorectal capsule endoscopy (CCE) is a potentially valuable patient-friendly technique for colorectal cancer screening in large populations. Before it can be widely applied, significant research priorities need to be addressed. We present two innovative data science algorithms which can considerably improve acquisition and analysis of relevant data on colorectal polyps obtained from capsule endoscopy.Material and methods: A fully paired study was performed (2015–2016), where 255 participants from the Danish national screening program had CCE, colonoscopy, and histopathology of all detected polyps. We developed: (1) a new algorithm to match CCE and colonoscopy polyps, based on objective measures of similarity between polyps, and (2) a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for autonomous detection and localization of colorectal polyps in colon capsule endoscopy.Results and conclusion: Unlike previous matching methods, our matching algorithm is able to objectively quantify the similarity between CCE and colonoscopy polyps based on their size, morphology and location, and provides a one-to-one unequivocal match between CCE and colonoscopy polyps. Compared to previous methods, the autonomous detection algorithm showed unprecedented high accuracy (96.4%), sensitivity (97.1%) and specificity (93.3%), calculated in respect to the number of polyps detected by trained nurses and gastroenterologists after visualizing frame-by-frame the CCE videos.

Regulation of musculoskeletal tissues in ageing and health: the human perspective - Celebrating the research of Professor Mike Rennie.

Professor Michael Rennie died on 9 January 2017. He is best known for his research on skeletal muscle: the regulation of its mass and protein content by nutrition and exercise, in health and during disease and ageing, with experimental work dominated by the application of stable isotope tracers in human in vivo experimentation. Mike published a total of 435 scientific papers, of which 33 appeared in The Journal of Physiology and were compiled in a virtual commemorative issue of The Journal in February 2017. Of his 22 original, full papers, published by The Journal of Physiology 12 have received well over 100 citations. This Special Edition of The Journal of Physiology represents a contemporary forward looking undertaking that intentionally aims to capture new, innovative and impactful science to provide progressive insight into the regulation of musculoskeletal tissues in ageing and health. A focus towards the human condition is notable throughout given Mike's overriding belief that to understand human metabolism human experimentation is vital. It is pleasing and appropriate that the Special Edition opens with an opinion piece from Mike's close colleagues and long-time collaborators Joe Millward and Kenny Smith, titled ‘The application of stable-isotope tracers to study human musculoskeletal turnover: a tale of bag filling and bag enlargement’ (Millward & Smith, 2019). This review sets the scene for what is to follow by taking a historical look at the development and application of stable isotope tracers, right through to the application of new, impactful tracer techniques, such as heavy water, to study musculoskeletal tissues in humans. This Special Edition also contains six Topical Review articles focused on the musculoskeletal system, which are devoted to research areas in which Mike made major impact and were felt to be important in the context of human health and ageing. This naturally includes coverage of skeletal muscle metabolism, Mike's principal research interest, represented here by ‘The impact of exercise and nutrition in the regulation of muscle mass’ from Chris McGlory, Stephan van Vilet, Tanner Stokes, Bettina Mittendorfer and Stuart Philipps (McGlory et al. 2019), and ‘The impact of immobilisation and inflammation on the regulation of muscle mass and insulin resistance: different routes to similar end points’ by Hannah Crossland, Sarah Skirrow, Zudin Puthucheary, Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu and Paul Greenhaff (Crossland et al. 2019). The topic of physiological adaptation of musculoskeletal tissues to mechanoloading is extended to cartilage in the paper ‘Mechanoadaptation: articular cartilage through thick and thin’ by Tonia Vincent and Angus Wann (Vincent & Wann, 2019). Attention has also been directed towards musculoskeletal ageing research, not least because this is an area to which Mike made scientifically important and impactful research contributions over the final period of his career. This incorporates the articles ‘The impact of loading, unloading, ageing and injury on the human tendon’ from Peter Magnusson and Michael Kjaer (Magnusson & Kjaer, 2019) and ‘The relationships and interactions between age, exercise and physiological function’ from Norman Lazarus, Janet Lord and Stephen Harridge (Lazarus et al. 2019). Finally, focus is directed towards bone growth and development in the context of nutrition in the review article ‘Using stable isotope tracers to study bone metabolism in children’ from Kimberly O'Brien and Steven Abrams (O'Brien & Abrams, 2019). Bone research is an area Mike also contributed to believing that stable isotope tracers could be usefully applied to discover the impact of food, physical activity and drugs on bone collagen turnover, and how this could provide valuable insight into pathophysiology of ageing and bone disease. In closing, it is worthy of note that when approached all authors readily accepted the invitation to submit a Topical Review article, and fitting that several contributions have been received from Mike's established collaborators. I am extremely grateful to friends and colleagues for taking the time and effort to mark the research contributions of Professor Mike Rennie in this fitting way. There is no doubt amongst those that knew Mike that he was a giant of a man, and in all possible ways. His important scientific legacy will live on through his publications, collaborators, students and friends for many decades to come. None declared. Sole author. None.

From academic research to founding a company: the story of AiCuris

Abstract This contribution describes the experiences with three careers: leading and building an academic research institute, heading a research area in a multinational pharma company and founding and leading a biotech company, which saw its first drug successfully enter the market in its 11th year of existence. The three positions had very different challenges, the common denominator for success was good and innovative science. However, research in a commercial environment, in addition to scientific excellence, also means to demonstrate the likely commercial success of the particular research. The most challenging, but at the same time the most interesting mission was the foundation of a new company, securing the financial means and developing the drugs, which had been discovered, in the clinics.

The US Food and Drug Administration Centers for Regulatory Science and Innovation: Current Activities and Future Promise to Accelerate Innovations.

The US Food and Drug Administration Centers for Regulatory Science and Innovation: Current Activities and Future Promise to Accelerate Innovations.

A SIFT-based software system for the photo-identification of the Risso's dolphin

Photo-identification is a commonly used non-invasive technique that has been profitably employed in biological studies throughout the years. It starts from the assumption that a single individual can be recognized in multiple photos captured at different times by exploiting its unique representative and visible physical qualities such as marks, notches or any other definite feature. Hence, photo-identification is performed to infer knowledge about wild species' spatial and temporal distributions as well as population dynamics, thus providing valuable information especially when the species being investigated is ranked as data deficient. Furthermore, the technological improvements of the last decades and the large availability of devices with powerful computing capabilities are driving the research towards a common goal of enriching bio-ecological studies with innovative computer science approaches. In this scenario, computer vision plays a fundamental role, as it can successfully assist researchers in the analysis of large amounts of data. The aim of this paper is, in fact, to effectively provide a computer vision approach for the photo-identification of the Risso's dolphin, exploiting specific visual cues with a feature-based approach relying on SIFT and SURF feature detectors. The experiments have been conducted on image data acquired in the Gulf of Taranto from 2013 to 2017, conducting a comparative analysis of the performance of both SIFT and SURF, as well as a comparison with the state-of-the-art software DARWIN, and they proved the effectiveness of the proposed approach and suggested its application would be suitable to large scale studies. In conclusion, this paper shows an innovative computer vision application for the identification of unknown Risso's dolphin individuals that relies on a feature-based automated approach. The results suggest that the proposed approach can efficiently assist researchers during the photo-identification task of large amounts of data collected in such a challenging domain.

Acerca de la categoría sociedades humanas complejas

Las sociedades humanas se asemejan a la organización de los sistemas vivos como totalidades abiertas, dinámicas, complejas e inacabadas que son sometidas a saltos, cambios de fase, ciclos de evolución-involución, degradación y quiebre. Comprender el concepto de sociedad humana compleja y argumentar cómo estas sociedades se comportan como sistemas vivos e inteligentes, es el objetivo de este escrito. De esta manera se presenta una reflexión sobre este tipo de sociedades como totalidades bio-sociales desde una nueva propuesta innovadora y creativa de las ciencias sociales, relacionada con perspectivas epistemológicas provenientes de las teorías de la complejidad.

Clinical Goals and Barriers to Effective Psoriasis Care.

Engaging global key opinion leaders, the International Psoriasis Council (IPC) held a day-long roundtable discussion with the primary purpose to discuss the treatment goals of psoriasis patients and worldwide barriers to optimal care. Setting clear expectations might ultimately encourage undertreated psoriasis patients to seek care in an era in which great gains in therapeutic efficacy have been achieved. Here, we discuss the option for early treatment of all categories of psoriasis to alleviate disease impact while emphasizing the need for more focused attention for psoriasis patients with mild and moderate forms of this autoimmune disease. In addition, we encourage policy changes to keep pace with the innovative therapies and clinical science and highlight the demand for greater understanding of treatment barriers in resource-poor countries.

Progress in Inherited Retinal Disease Drug Discovery and Development: A Foundation\u2019s Perspective

Ophthalmic drug discovery and development has enjoyed a recent renaissance, with a major shift away from reformulating old systemic drugs for ocular use to de novo discovery of drugs for specific ocular disease targets. This shift, coupled with a revolution in molecular biology and genetic sequencing, has uncovered an unprecedented number and variety of novel targets for therapeutic intervention in eye disease. With such a treasure chest of new science to pursue, it also creates a new challenge for translating the lab-based discoveries through the translational “valley of death” into full scale industry-led development of new, approved therapeutics to treat eye disease. This is in fact a daunting task, as the cost of drug development continues to increase and many of the new therapeutic targets are based on smaller, orphan diseases with very high unmet medical needs. This perspective focuses on the role of a nonprofit foundation, The Foundation Fighting Blindness, in fueling and supporting the advancement of new therapies for blinding inherited retinal degenerative diseases into approved therapeutics. The new collaborative model is changing the way breakthrough drugs are coming to market for patients, and innovative funding models are required to match the innovative science.

ENABLE 2017, the First European PhD and Post-Doc Symposium. Session 2: The OMICS Revolution

The European Academy for Biomedical Science (ENABLE) is an initiative funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 program involving four renowned European Research Institutes (Institute for Research in Biomedicine—IRB Barcelona, Spain; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences—RIMLS, The Netherlands; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research—NNF CPR, Denmark; European School of Molecular Medicine—SEMM, Italy) and an innovative science communication agency (Scienseed). With the aim of promoting biomedical science of excellence in Europe, ENABLE organizes an annual three-day international event. This gathering includes a top-level scientific symposium bringing together leading scientists, PhD students, and post-doctoral fellows; career development activities supporting the progression of young researchers and fostering discussion about opportunities beyond the bench; and outreach activities stimulating the interaction between science and society. The first European PhD and Post-Doc Symposium, entitled “Breaking Down Complexity: Innovative Models and Techniques in Biomedicine”, was hosted by the vibrant city of Barcelona. The scientific program of the conference was focused on the most recent advances and applications of modern techniques and models in biomedical research and covered a wide range of topics, from synthetic biology to translational medicine. Overall, the event was a great success, with more than 200 attendees from all over Europe actively participating in the symposium by presenting their research and exchanging ideas with their peers and world-renowned scientists.

Just Add Water: Lessons Learned from Mixing Data Science and Design Research Methods to Improve Customer Service

This case study provides an inside look at what occurs when methods from the data science and ethnographic fields are mixed to solve perennial customer service problems within the call center and cruise industries. The paper details this particular blend of ethnographic practitioners with a data scientist resulted in changes to design approaches, debunking myths about qualitative and quantitative research methods being at odds and altering team member perspectives about the value of both. The project also led to the creation of innovative blended design research and data science methods to discover and leverage the right customer data to the benefit of both the customer and the call center agents who serve them. This paper offers insight into the untold value design teams can unlock when data scientists and ethnographers work together to solve a problem. The result was a design solution that gives a top‐performing company an edge to grow even better by leveraging the millions of data records housed in its warehouse to the benefit of its customers.

Polymer Materials Research at CMSE

Polymer Materials Research at CMSE

Smart and Connected Bioelectronics for Seamless Health Monitoring and Persistent Human-Machine Interfaces

Abstract Recent advancement of flexible wearable electronics allows significant enhancement of portable, continuous health monitoring and persistent human-machine interfaces. Enabled by flexible electronic systems, smart and connected bioelectronics are accelerating the integration of innovative information science and engineering strategies, ultimately driving the rapid transformation of healthcare and medicine. Recent progress in development and engineering of soft materials has provided various opportunities to design different types of mechanically deformable systems towards smart and connected bioelectronics. Here, we summarize the key properties of soft materials and their characteristics in the context of wearable sensors and electronics. Details of functionality and sensitivity of the bioelectronics are discussed with applications in health, medicine, and machine interfaces. In addition, we introduce recent examples of bioelectronics that offer persistent human-machine interfaces to control prosthetic hands, wheelchairs, or computer interfaces.

Towards an inclusive European innovation policy

With “Horizon Europe”, the European Commission sets out the framework for research and innovation in Europe over the next seven years. The proposal outlines the contours of an innovative science policy that is open and responsive to societal needs, and where societal actors jointly undertake missions to discover sustainable solutions to present-day and future challenges. In our commentary we point to a number of modifications needed to strengthen the cross-cutting implementation of activities for societal engagement and responsible research and innovation.

University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS): (Small Methods 9/2018)

Small MethodsVolume 2, Issue 9 1800043 Cover PictureFree Access University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS): (Small Methods 9/2018) First published: 14 September 2018 https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201870043AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract This special section in Small Methods portrays a small sample of the innovative life science research at UMMS. This collection of papers spans a wide disciplinary range that includes biomedical engineering/materials science, frontiers in optical microscopy, and organic synthesis, as well as nanoparticle technology and emerging CRISPR-based genomic sciences. Volume2, Issue9Special Issue: Including a Special Section featuring work at University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolSeptember 11, 20181800043 RelatedInformation