Innovation Priorities Research Articles

Methodological provisions of sustainable development of enterprises in the digital economy

Trends caused by digital transformations in the economy have led to the formation of new forms of interaction between industrial enterprises, industries and complexes. Digital ecosystems are becoming a tool for ensuring sustainable economic development, requiring the development of conceptual foundations and methodological provisions for sustainable development in the context of the application of the ecosystem approach within the framework of spatial interaction of economic entities. The increasing role of digital assets and methods of their use within digital ecosystems is becoming an integral part of the formation of resource potential that ensures sustainable development with ecosystem interaction of participants, which indicates the development of competition not between individual companies, which is inherent in the traditional economy, but between the ecosystems being formed. Thanks to ecosystem interaction, participating companies focus more on external interaction, innovative priorities in management technologies, the creation of a rapidly adaptable value chain, the accumulation of knowledge and the build-up of digital assets. Territorial boundaries become conditional, competitive relations within the ecosystem become partner-oriented, aimed at increasing the return on network effects obtained through the interaction of digital platform participants. Ecosystems as more flexible structures have the property of rapid response to changes in the external environment and the ability to adjust to target requirements and tasks, rapid market coverage, technology adaptation and the creation of new business models. The structural changes taking place as a result of the digital transformation of the economy in various sectors of the economy show an increasing interest in the development of digital manufacturing enterprises and the transition to high-tech production. Digital transformation of activity is inextricably linked with ensuring sustainability of development, and such components of the ecosystem as flexibility and adaptability, as well as complementarity of assets, allow optimizing the sustainability of the socio-economic system.

Inovacije, produktivnost i rast - reformski i ekonomsko-politički izazovi Srbije

The economic annihilation caused by the wars, sanctions and hyperinflation has elevated the issue of restoring previous income and welfare levels to the very top of political and social agenda. Consequently, all efforts during the past two decades were focused on reviving economic growth. Initially the main source of growth was consumer demand financed by external grants and privatization proceeds, followed by industrial revival and new jobs financed by external borrowing and strong FDI flows. In recent years it is becoming increasingly clear that higher sustainable rates of growth needed for income convergence with Europe and improved standards of living can only be achieved with production, organizational and process innovations. This paper reviews the elaborate structure of the present national innovation system in Serbia and concludes that more than 120 academic and almost 80 R&D institutions are competing for very limited resources of around 0.9% of GDP, produce declining innovation output and do not collaborate with the enterprise sector to increase productivity and growth. To have a better impact on productivity, long-run growth and well-being of all citizens, innovation funding must be doubled, innovation priorities must be identified based on empirical evidence and R&D and innovation performance must be evaluated based on results.

МАКРОРЕГІОНАЛЬНЕ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВО ТА ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЄС

One of the critical problems of the global economic space is the issue of ensuring innovative sustainable development both for individual countries and for international integration associations. The article aims to identify drivers of innovative development of Member States based on the research of modern macro-regional strategies of the European Union. The research methodology involved extensive tools for analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalisation and foresight forecasting. The results revealed the positive effect of macro-regional strategies. There is a higher level of integration of macro-regions compared to the EU average. The practical significance of research results. It is concluded that the implementation of macroregional strategies of the spatial development of EU Member States achieves positive effects in the form of equalisation of innovation potential of regions and their levels of development. It increases their competitiveness through regional cooperation, business support, business and science development. Foresight analysis replaces the "short-sightedness" of planning, conditioned by time (rather than achieving strategic goals), existing resources and the need to achieve financial results. This allows identifying essential innovation priorities for regional development (including the "smart" specialisation). Moreover, foresight methods as prognostic components of EU innovation policy are gradually displacing traditional ideologically oriented neoconservative and neoliberal theories of individual EU Member States. Systemic and institutional approaches replace them with pragmatic content. Today's most effective macro-regional strategy is the EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR), which brings together 8 EU Member States at different stages of economic development. Still, it has excellent potential to build knowledge that supports innovations.

THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR CREATING A HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION CLUSTER IN THE REGION AND EVALUATION OF ITS EFFICIENCY

The article considers the issue of creating a regional housing and construction cluster in order to find effective approaches to increasing of enterprises competitiveness in this industry and implementation of relevant innovation priorities that will increase domestic and international competitiveness of its members through commercial and non-commercial cooperation, scientific research and innovation, education, training and political support activities. Using the cluster analysis method, studies of the interdependence between the volume of completed construction work and capital investments were carried out. The Regional target program for supporting individual housing construction «Own House» for 2019–2020 was analyzed in order to identify sources of support for local authorities to create a regional housing and construction cluster. In accordance with the conditions of the cluster policy implementation, five fundamental characteristics are proposed, namely: the presence of competitive enterprises; availability of competitive advantages in the region for cluster development; growth of economic indicators of the industry; a wide range of participants; the presence of links between all participants in the clusters, which made it possible to propose calculating the economic efficiency of clusters. To support and develop modern integration systems and their integral part of cluster structures and systems of inter-cluster interaction of business networks, we propose to create a commission at the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine to develop integration socio-economic structures (industrial, science and technology and business parks, free economic zones and special zones of economic and technological development, high-test parks), which should ensure the development of the necessary legislation and provide new structures with the necessary rights and benefits for development.

A research and innovation agenda for energy resilience in Pacific Island Countries and Territories

Pacific Island Countries and Territories have set ambitious targets for energy access and the transition to sustainable energy. These efforts, however, are being severely impacted by shocks and stresses such as climate change, natural hazards and the COVID-19 pandemic. Resilience is a central pillar for energy policy in the region, but innovative approaches are needed to address these urgent challenges. Here we examine the role of research and innovation in supporting energy resilience in Pacific Island Countries and Territories. We argue that research and innovation in three key areas is needed: energy planning and innovative finance approaches tailored to the particular strengths and challenges in Pacific Island Countries and Territories; greater recognition and inclusion of community responses to energy challenges; and promotion of decentralized approaches to energy in terms of governance and technologies. Emerging from these three areas, we identify 11 research and innovation priorities to build the evidence base that will mobilize stakeholders in a collaborative effort to accelerate action on energy resilience.

Where are the frontiers of sustainability research? An overview based on Web of Science Database in 2013–2019

Sustainability research which is committed to addressing the complexity, surprise and uncertainty of the coupled human-nature system has gained increasing interests worldwide. A good understanding of the frontiers of sustainability research not only helps researchers to seize significant issues and seek for cooperation, but also supports governments to set strategic priorities for scientific and technological innovation. Based on publications from 2013 to 2019 of Web of Science Database, this article employed intelligent algorithm, statistics analysis, and expert decisions to illustrate the latest trends and new development of sustainability research. A total of six research frontiers i.e., sustainability assessment, sustainability design, sustainability solutions, philosophical issues of sustainability, sustainability transition and governance, and sustainability projections have been identified by considering three indicators of influence, activity, and novelty of sustainability research topics. The primary agents contributing to the frontiers of sustainability research are concentrated in Asia, Europe, America, and Australia. Most of the journals covering sustainability research frontiers are open-access, with relatively high impact factor. An in-depth analysis of features and contributions of the frontiers offers insights and guidance for future research. The combination of sustainability and smart technologies could be a potential frontier. It is essential for academic world to identify and collaborate to advance research and practice on sustainability frontiers in order to achieve people-oriented development and a more sustainable future.

From fossil to low carbon: The evolution of global public energy innovation

AbstractA review of global and national energy research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) investments between 2000 and 2018 reveals that global public energy RD&D and cleaner energy RD&D investments dramatically increased, but then plateaued after 2009. In absolute values, nuclear energy has held steady, fossil energy contracted, and clean energy RD&D quadrupled. As a percentage of overall investments, both fossil fuel and nuclear investments contracted during the period. This review compares the energy innovation priorities of the world's largest economies using the metric of public expenditures on energy RD&D. China and India have become important global public investors in energy innovation, now among the top five globally. Priorities set by the Chinese and Indian governments will thus influence new energy technology breakthroughs in the coming years. The US and Chinese governments are now competing for first place in clean energy RD&D, depending on whether or not nuclear and cross‐cutting technologies are included. India has dedicated substantial funding to indigenizing nuclear power technologies. Energy RD&D by state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) in major emerging economies remains skewed toward fossil fuels and nuclear. Reforming SOE expenditures to move away from fossil fuels could have a major impact on global energy technology trajectories, making a material difference in the quest to decarbonize the energy system.This article is categorized under: TheCarbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Policies, Instruments, Lifestyles,Behavior

The Resource Supply of Innovation and Investment Strategies of the Microeconomic Systems Modernization in the Conditions of Digitalization

Within the presented study, applied aspects of the resource provision of innovation and investment strategies for modernization of microeconomic systems in the context of digitalization are submitted. It is substantiated that the modernization of microeconomic systems is a certain activation of the potential modernization aimed at improving the efficiency of processes, technologies, management of products, services and more. Modernization challenges of microeconomic systems are implemented through strategic management of the enterprise development provided resource provision of the potential modernization. Initial conditions of the resource provision of the microeconomic systems modernization in the conditions of digitalization are singled out, which include: efficiency; availability and clarity of the algorithm analysis formed by information base and tools; clear calculations of the cost of attracting resources to the modernization process; forecasting and assessing the risks of incomplete implementation of modernization. It is proved that in the methodological support of resource management of microeconomic systems in the design, the method of subjectivity of distributions or cost centres is used. The methodical toolkit of the resource provision optimization of modernization designing of microeconomic systems in the conditions of digitalization with application of the competitive selection model of modernization projects for the carrying the chosen strategy of the resource supply is offered. The proposed approach to the optimization of resource provision of modernization design of microeconomic systems in the context of digitalization involves: formation of a set of applications based on the preferential principle and priority of innovation and investment strategies; assessment of actual indicators of resource efficiency in modernization projects by each participant; decision-making on providing resources to the modernization project; determining the completeness and redundancy of the resource allocation between projects; distribution of residual resources.

Foresight as a tool of public administration in the field of science, technology and innovation

Given the growing role of technological foresight as a tool for reconciling visions, goals and ways of STI development in an era of rapid technological change and global challenges, the approach to foresight research to select priorities for science and innovation in Ukraine for 2022–2026 has been improved. It takes into account a wide range of national targets for achieving SDGs by 2030. The developed Methodological recommendations provided a thorough analysis of more than 3,000 potentially acceptable technological and innovative proposals. The approach to setting STI priorities is new for Ukraine and involves a consistent process of selecting the top 30 most acceptable proposals in each of the seven thematic areas through five stages of discussions and evaluations. The result was the formation of a database of technology passports and developments on the experts’ proposals, their selection by practitioners, ranking, evaluation in terms of the potential of Ukrainian science and relevance in terms of world science and new technologies using international databases. They are the basis for decisions by the Expert Councils and the High-Level Working Group on key thematic areas and the preparation of a relevant draft government decision. Despite the conditions of quarantine, for the first time more than 2,500 experts from science, business, state and public organizations took part in the discussions, which is the basis for impartial and public decision-making. To strengthen the role of foresight as a tool for public planning and management in the field of STI, it is proposed to develop a STI roadmap as part of a research and innovation strategy for smart specialization (RIS 3) at the national level.

Regional Environmental Systems as a Driver of Innovative Economy in Ukraine

Nowadays, the concept of innovative development is a generally accepted approach to promoting social and economic development paradigm both at global and national level. However, the rapid changes in external and internal conditions in relation to science and innovation caused the need to integrate innovative priorities with environmental imperatives to support sustainable development of modern society. Thereby, the above-mentioned tendencies are also highly widespread at local (regional) level, because both innovation and environmental practices play an essential role for social development, economic growth, improved productivity and competitiveness, and improved quality of life. Thereby, research problem lays upon the regional environmental systems and their influence at innovative development in Ukraine. The paper aims to provide scientific support on environmental systems development and their connection with innovative development indicators at the regional level. The research methodology is based on official statistical data on Ukrainian economy innovativeness analysis during the last ten years. The environmental component is analyzed at the regional level that allowed us to rank Ukrainian regions in accordance with the level of their environmental responsibility, propose a measure of transformation to their strategies. As the result, the groups of regional environmental strategies were defined in accordance with criteria of their effectiveness and need of transformation. Thus, the research highlights the special status of environmental economy, based on its specific characteristics and influences at innovative development, including network effects, the ability to convert environmental and innovative benefits into significant social effects, hybrid and multiplicative.

Advanced Materials Research and Innovation Priorities for Accomplishing the Sustainable Development Goals

Advanced Materials community has committed to work in line with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for a green future. The International Association of Advanced Materials (IAAM) is stepped into the next decade by leading the ‘Advancement of Materials to Sustainable and Green World’. The people understand that having a sustainable future should be the most important aim of humankind’s priorities. With its accumulative sustainable development agenda, the association puts world-wide efforts with Materials Science, Engineering, and Technology across spheres of academia and industry towards potentially addressing the challenges of sustainability of materials research and innovation for a green world.

The innovation pyramid: five approaches to strategic decision-making

PurposeThe innovation pyramid presented in this paper ranks innovation types in terms of their capacity to provide organizations with a long-term commercialization advantage.Design/methodology/approachIt is based on ten years of studying different types of innovation and helping hundreds of groups of MBA and Master students apply these insights to hundreds of organizations in different industries.FindingsThe innovation pyramid provides organizational leaders with a powerful heuristic to organize their strategic innovation priorities, in terms of aligning and committing organizational innovation efforts.Practical implicationsTo help organizational leaders, this paper illustrates each innovation type with clarifying examples of a variety of well-known firms.Originality/valueThe pyramid provides an antidote to the technological determinism and confusing use of innovation jargon, both of which over-promise disruptive and radical performance effects. Instead, it offers clarity and succinctness of purpose both in terms of aligning and committing to innovation efforts and priorities.

A Research Study on the priorities for Sustainable innovation for the future of the Indian IT Industry and the impact on CSR (global social impact)

The research studies on the priorities for the Government to invest to create an ecosystem for the Indian IT Industry to help innovate and build a value chain to build sustainability in the competitive environment. Since India has emerged to be the most competitive nation with the Information technology sector, it is very important to innovate to build in an era when industrie 4.0 is taking shape post the new normal. The paper studies how the rise of industrial growth could support the role of corporate social responsibility thereby improvising the global social impact.

The politics of low-carbon innovation: Implementing the European Union’s strategic energy technology plan

The EU Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan) was adopted in 2008 to steer the funding of low-carbon technology research and innovation in Europe and thus accelerate the development and deployment of such technologies. Examining how and why the Plan attained its objectives, we first find that research and innovation funding came to steer the development of the SET-Plan rather than the converse. Second, we find three main explanations, drawing on theories of EU integration and policymaking: 1) differing research and innovation priorities among state, non-state (industry and research community), and institutional actors within the EU, making the Plan contested and leading to the mobilization of actors whose priorities had not been included in the Plan; 2) weak EU-level authority to govern the Plan; 3) diverging alignment between the Plan, constituting EU’s low-carbon technology push policy, and EU market pull policies, such as carbon pricing. These observations have relevance to other international efforts, such as Mission Innovation linked to the Paris Agreement.

Participatory foresight and reflexive innovation: setting policy goals and developing strategies in a bottom-up, mission-oriented, sustainable way

The urgency of current social challenges is driving new approaches to framing and funding research, development, and innovation. The “mission-oriented” approach framing the EU’s New Horizons funding program is the latest institutional response to the pressing needs of large system transformations we are facing. We view the likely targets of mission-oriented programs as dynamic entities requiring both adaptive, inclusive responses, and anticipatory exploration. We demonstrate how participatory foresight methods provide an essential forum and process for the expression of plural, socio-technological imaginaries. As citizens and other stakeholder groups have demonstrated their myriad capacities to contribute to research and innovation agenda-setting processes in future-oriented citizen dialogs, we argue that such methods are the essential compliment to the mission-oriented framework coming into play. Participatory foresight engages citizens in critical thinking and creative activities to articulate the evolution of socio-technological issues over an extended time horizon, seeking diverse perspectives on what goals and priorities will come to define “missions.” Utilizing outputs from two recent projects, we argue that participatory foresight methods can play an essential role in bridging citizen needs with policy requirements, and will increase the reflexivity of innovation systems that invest the needed time and resources into exploring the depth of multi-actor interests and intersections. Finally, we outline possible impact pathways demonstrating how these “bottom-up” contributions could be integrated into the development of challenge-led innovation priorities.

A Call For Promoting Faculty Innovation and Entrepreneurship

In ShortOur 2019 survey found misalignment between institutional-level innovation and entrepreneurship (I&E) priorities and the current reward system for university faculty across 99 diverse U.S. i...

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА ПРІОРИТЕТИ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКИХ СТРУКТУР В СУЧАСНИХ МІНЛИВИХ УМОВАХ

The article discusses the features of innovative development of business structures in modern changing environment. After all, the transformational effects of the introduction of information and telecommunications technologies, which extend to all areas of socio-economic activity, necessitate a radical revision of the principles of management of innovative development of the national economy. Entrepreneurs who focus on the latest products and services, continuous and stable implementation of technologies, product renewal policies, organization of production in order to strengthen their competitiveness in the market in the selected segment, must set appropriate priorities for innovation and development. According to the results of the analysis of the main indicators of innovative development of domestic business structures, it is determined that the implementation and development of innovations in the enterprise is directly proportional to the invested funds, stable target revenues and well-formed strategy. The article considers and analyzes the main state tools to support and stimulate innovation of domestic business structures. Based on the results of the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the national innovation system and mechanisms of knowledge transfer, the article presents the scheme of innovation partnership, which would ensure the effective functioning of the national innovation system. In addition, the article proposes a structural and logical model of the management system of innovative development of business structures, which provides support for continuous targeted innovation, has a cyclical form of operation and takes into account at all stages mechanisms of control, adjustment, adjustment of innovation processes using both internal and external innovation resources. The prospects of innovative development of domestic business structures are outlined in this work too.

Mapping innovation in Indonesian cooperative: priorities, obstacles and challenges to survive

Indonesia has the largest number of cooperatives in the world, however cooperatives have not been able to contribute optimally to the country's economy. Therefore, innovation is needed in order to develop Indonesian cooperatives. This research aims to measure cooperatives innovation priorities and map such innovations in Indonesia. The method used was mixed method through survey and in-depth interviews sequentially. 1,050 cooperatives became the respondent of the survey, while 113 cooperatives became the participant of the interviews. The study found that innovation priority in cooperatives varies among provincial clusters and quadrants. The implications of this research will be a baseline for conducting necessary interventions to build cooperative innovation ecosystem in Indonesia.

The Cluster approach to the formation of innovative susceptibility priorities within the framework of the Euroconcept «Green U-turn» to renewable energy in Ukraine

An article discusses the formation of innovative susceptibility of Ukrainian enterprises to the technologies of non-traditional renewable energy. The relevance of this problem is determined on the basis of the European concept of «Green U-turn», which is a logical continuation of the strategy «20-20-20» on the development of non-traditional renewable energy. The article proposes the use of a cluster approach to systematization, grouping and balancing general and specific factors that form the innovative susceptibility of Ukrainian enterprises to technologies of non-traditional renewable energy. The study is based on the expert information regarding stages of life cycles «production-consumption-utilization» of the various non-conventional renewable energy technologies, as well as the analytical information on publication activity as an important factor in the integral assessment of the priorities of energy-saving technologies. The estimates are formed taking into account the data on a sample of enterprises in Ukraine. The results of the study will serve as the basis for the formation of appropriate organizational and managerial clusters that allow enterprises to create an innovative product and thereby increase their competitiveness, which is a powerful incentive for national and regional development. Based on this integrated approach, it is possible to analyze factors both at regional level and at level specific enterprise.

Interaction of banks and development institutions in the system of innovation priorities

The age of new technologies forms a new paradigm for the functioning of the economic system. New living conditions require serious and consistent changes in all areas. The current dynamics of development determines the emergence of new structures and mechanisms of interaction. The driving force behind the implementation of breakthrough technologies is development institutions that facilitate the implementation of new projects. The essential moment in the implementation of new requirements is the priorities of digital development. In this regard, the latest legislative innovations, as well as a number of measures for the restructuring of development institutions have given a new impetus to ensure progressive innovative development. The article discusses new conditions for the development of institutions, and also offers promising areas of interaction between banks and development institutions. The analysis of the models of work of development institutions is carried out. The main forms of financing innovative activities are considered. The mechanisms of interaction of the participants in the process have been determined, including taking into account regional characteristics. Legislative initiatives aimed at stimulating the development of innovations have been analyzed. The formulated proposals will be able to ensure a more dynamic development of innovations, which will allow launching the entire chain of updates in the technological field.