Innovative Development Path Research Articles

СТВОРЕННЯ БАНКІВСЬКИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОСТІ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ

Formulation of the problem. Today most developed countries associate long-term sustainable economic growth with the transition to innovative path of development, so the problem of creating and ensuring the efficient functioning of innovative cluster structures, in particular banking, is extremely urgent. The aim of the research is systematization of theoretical and methodological provisions on the creation of banking cluster structures to enhance the innovativeness of Ukraine banking system. The subject of the research is formation and functioning of innovative banking clusters in Ukraine. The methods of the research: meaningful method, comparison method, induction and deduction methods, cluster analysis, etc. The hypothesis of the research. There is a need to create innovative banking clusters to increase the innovativeness of the Ukraine banking system. The statement of basic materials. The definitions of the term “innovation cluster” and “banking innovations” are analyzed. It is determined that banking innovations in Ukraine are aimed mainly at creating new or modernizing existing banking products and services and developing automated banking systems. The advantages of creation of innovative banking clusters are characterized and algorithm of banks cluster analysis realization and algorithm of innovative banking clusters creation are developed. The originality and practical significance of the research are algorithm of banks cluster analysis realization and algorithm of innovative banking clusters creation, which makes possible to determine the sequence of actions required for cluster structures formation. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. Prospects of creation of innovative banking clusters are characterized and algorithm of banks cluster analysis realization and algorithm of innovative banking clusters creation are developed. These algorithms will ensure close interaction between the cluster members and the generation of new ideas, will increase the innovativeness of the production and providing of banking services.

Assessment of Employees’ Competences in the System of Professional Qualifications in a Digital Economy

In the strategy of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2020, the Development Strategy of the Samara Oblast until 2030, the Development Strategy of Samara until 2025, the tasks are set to transfer the country’s economy to an innovative development path, putting it on the course of fast and sustainable growth on the advanced technological foundation. Regulatory documents focus on innovative and technological development of production, increasing technological initiatives, building a society with a highly developed digital economy. Human resources are the most important intellectual and professional resource that ensures the successful implementation of these strategies. The article substantiates the need to integrate international experience in the assessment of qualifications, as well as it examines the existing system of assessment of qualifications of workers in Russia. It also proposes a logical-structural matrix for linking the professional standards of Russia and Belarus with the countries of the European Union.

Современные информационные технологии в сфере образования

The modern period of development of society is subject to a strong infl uence on it of information technologies, which, in turn, penetrate into all spheres of human life, forming a global information space. An integral and important part of such processes is the informatization of education. The introduction of technology makes it possible to qualitatively change the methods and forms of the learning process, making it more comfortable and aff ordable. In our country, one of the top priorities has always been to get quality education and useful skills. However, for several reasons, there are certain obstacles to the full implementation of technology in the learning process. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the transition of education to an innovative development path. The article discusses the experience of introducing information technology in the educational process in order to improve and move to a new level. A comparative analysis of existing approaches and achievements using information technologies is carried out. Attention is paid to Russian educational online projects and the costs of their implementation.

Innovative development of the region through the formation of a technological cluster

The issues of creation and functioning of technology parks, the development of innovative policies of the state, the problems of implementing innovative projects in the construction industry are discussed in the paper. Some statistical data reflecting the degree of development of this form of stimulating society to innovative development are presented. The author gives recommendations to facilitate the process of transferring the construction industry to an innovative path of development, as well as solving a number of emerging economic problems.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА ПРАКТИЧНІ РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО ТУРИЗМУ ЯК ЦІЛІСНОЇ СИСТЕМИ

The aim of the work was to justify theoretical and methodological approaches and to develop practical recommendations on the formation and functioning of ecological tourism in Ukraine. The essence and economic importance of tourism, the theoretical foundations of this area and its classification, as well as the current state of this sphere in Ukraine are considered. Resent scientific research on ecotourism was analized. Its principles are described on certain grounds. Brought the fact that Ukraine is rich in natural tourist resources, which can be successfully used in the process of increasing greening of tourist activity. It has been found that having a strong tourism potential, Ukraine has an opportunity to realize it through state regulation in all its main directions, the main of which is its financial component and the provision of an innovative path of development. The main directions of ecologization tourism activities at the macro and micro levels were analyzed and the state of their development in Ukraine was considered. The performed analysis reflected practical recommendations on ways of formation and functioning of ecological tourism in Ukraine. A system of indicators for planning the development of ecological tourism and technology for the use of natural resources has been formed. The following analysis of organizational and economic plan which was made according to concrete practical recommendations, proved that opening a small business out of town would be a reasonable solution. The calculated indicators have made it clear that the investment costs in this sector do not exceed the income, which is favorable in this area of business. Accordingly, the investor receives all the necessary practical recommendations for investing specific investments. Special prospects for the development of eco-tourism are revealed. The importance of management in the process of becoming ecotourism was substantiated and the specifics of the manager's work as a professional in managing this area were considered. Recommendations on the application of the environmental management system of tourism business in Ukraine have been developed. It has been proven that planning in the early stages of tourism development can avoid many mistakes and prevent the destruction of environmental assets important to tourism.

Проблеми регулювання інноваційної діяльності на підприємствах

Innovation activities are an integral part of the national development strategy. Science and technology progress requires the effective implementation of innovations at the enterprises, which will en able them to meet the new requirements of the external and internal environment. However, there are many problems that hamper the development of enterprises. One of the main issues is the lack of implementation of innovation activities. In this work, the main factors that hinder the dynamic development of innovation activities at the enterprises are defined. The share of research and development (R&D) in the Ukrainian GDP, the internal spending on R&D, the R&D personnel in 2010–2017 are analyzed. The sources of funding and industrial property are identified. The criteria of enterprises that choose the innovative path of development are determined. These indicators characterize not only the problems of enterprises, but of the economy as a whole. To formulate the innovation plan, it is necessary to determine the innovations to be implemented by the enterprise, which is a complex task both in organizational, technical and financial terms. Constant changes in the market environment, new needs of consumers, the accelerating science and technology development in other countries are factors making modern enterprises engage in innovation activities.

INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

he article discusses the urgent problems of innovation in the food industry. The main factors that impede the transfer of the industry to an innovative development path are identified. Measures are proposed to stimulate the introduction of innovations in the food industry.

Analysis of the Statement of Stockholdersʼ Equity in the Context of an Institutional Platform for Small Business Sector of the Republic of Moldova

Small business sector dominates in the Moldavian economy. In order to support and further develop this sector in Republic of Moldova the institutional platform was formed and implemented. The efficiency of that institutional platform, however, must be judged by the context of financial result, which is accounted by means of a financial statement. According to modern accounting methodology – methodology of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) the purpose of financial reporting is the presentation of useful information to a wide range of users to make managerial decisions. The users primarily consist of owners (shareholders and investors) who are interested in information about social capital changing. The study aims at establishing the correspondence between conceptual space of accounting and financial reporting system for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the Republic of Moldova and requirements of the modern accounting methodology in the in the context of transition to an innovative development path. In the paper we paid attention to the review of the Statement of Stockholders’ Equity, which was carried out in the following stages: General characteristics of its structure in the system of Financial Statement of the Republic of Moldova; Analysis of the conceptual basis and evolution of its model; Disclosure of its peculiarities as a form reporting the financial statement system in the Republic of Moldova.

Conditions for forming an innovative environment of the agroindustrial complex of the East Kazakhstan region

The article presents an analysis of the innovation activities of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, identifies the reasons that impede the formation of the innovation environment, in which the components of growth of regional competitiveness are still poorly developed. General approaches to the formation of the term “innovative environment” are analyzed. The authors of the article noted that the solution to the problem of forming an effective innovation environment lies in two interrelated planes, caused, firstly, by the need to create external conditions conducive to innovation development, which include a combination of institutions and organizations in the structure of national innovation systems. Secondly, the presence of objective prerequisites for the transition to an innovative development path for business entities. Particular attention is also paid to the use of competitive advantages of the regions of Kazakhstan. The authors suggested ways to create an effective innovation environment and improve the innovation partnership of all participants: the state, business, science and education. In assessing the innovation activity of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, these indicators were used: expenditures on research and development, expenditures on technological innovations, output of innovative products per person in the region, etc., based on the results of the research a SWOT analysis was conducted, a model of innovative development of the enterprise was proposed, where the general strategic goals of the enterprise and the main directions of innovative development would be agreed.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФІНАНСОВОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ НА АВІАБУДІВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ УКРАЇНИ

У статті розглянуто особливості проблематики та здійснення фінансового менеджменту вітчизняними підприємствами авіабудування. Висвітлено особливості стану та перспектив розвитку авіабудівної галузі України та окреслено її проблеми. Серед них: відсутність серійного виробництва, руйнування ринку комплектуючих для авіатехніки, не систематичність державного управління підприємствами, тривала відмова від оновлення основних фондів.Проаналізовано фінансово-економічний стан одного із суб’єктів галузі (Харківського державного авіаційного виробничого підприємства), на основі чого визначено можливі шляхи розвитку літакобудівних підприємств. Зокрема наголошується, що відновлення галузі можливе за умови широкомасштабної модернізації виробничих потужностей та реструктуризації наявних боргів, що погіршує їх інвестиційну привабливість. Одним з проблемних факторів названо вимивання обігових коштів на невиробничі цілі, яке має бути зупинене шляхом виконання завдань фінансового оздоровлення підприємств галузі в рамках єдиної стратегії розвитку.Враховуючи особливості та потреби галузі вітчизняного авіабудування визначено, що стратегія фінансового менеджменту має ґрунтуватись на необхідності забезпечення швидкого переходу до рентабельного виробництва. Серед джерел фінансування, які мають забезпечити антикризову стратегію, названо наступні: іноземні інвестиції та спільне виробництво за наявності державних гарантій.У статті робиться висновок, що причини кризи на підприємствах вітчизняного авіабудування мають системний характер і потребують глибокого переосмислення такої функції держави, як ефективне управління і адекватний розвиток специфічних державних активів, а саме – розвитку високотехнологічних підприємств зі значною часткою інтелектуальної складової. Враховуючи наведені в публікації дані щодо поточного стану підприємств авіабудування, лише дієва реструктуризація з частковим списанням заборгованостей, ріст яких і викликав необхідність здійснення фінансової санації, дозволить почати шлях інноваційного розвитку та ефективного фінансового менеджменту. Невідкладним першим кроком задля виходу із ситуації можна вважати принципову реорганізацію великих підприємств та створення нових, невеликих і компактних, за світовими стандартами, які будуть створювати літаки лише конкретних моделей відповідно до ринкового попиту.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERREGIONAL RELATIONS THROUGH MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS INFRASTRUCTURE

Effective operation of the logistics infrastructure is an indispensable condition for the modernization of the regional and, as a consequence, the national economy, the transition to an innovative development path, as well as the improvement of the living standards of the population. The most important elements of the regional infrastructure are traditionally referred to as road and rail transport, which ensure republican and international ties of the region's territories.

Relationship between the international universities rankings and indexes of a country’s innovation development

Currently, the global economy is experiencing a global innovation gap, representing a set of significant disparities in the innovative development of individual countries. The global innovation gap is a consequence of a number of objective phenomena and processes taking place in different countries and regions. The study of the nature of the innovation gap implies the study of specific problems in the innovative development of countries, as well as the search for ways to solve them. This article examines the relationship between the global innovation index and the positions of national universities in international rankings. We have chosen a group of countries (developed, developing and transition economies) and their universities which ranked best in international rankings. The sample consisted of 24 countries, the university’s rating was chosen as the dependent variable, and the country’s rating on the global innovation index was selected as an independent variable. After the calculations, the linear pair correlation coefficient was set equal to 0.913, which indicates a high level of coupling between the variables. The coefficient of determination indicates that in 83.35% of cases the changes in x lead to a change in y. In other words, the accuracy of selecting the regression equation is high. The remaining 16.65% change in Y is due to factors not taken into account in the model (as well as by specification errors). The conducted studies confirmed the connection between the quality of education, the research sector of universities and the level of innovative development of countries. This made it possible to propose a set of measures to strengthen the positions of national universities in international rankings and increase their contribution to the transition of the Russian economy to an innovative development path.

Research on the Innovative Subsystem of the University Department as a Substratum of the Regional Innovative System

Introduction. The declared transition to the digital economy in Russia is impossible without a developed national innovative system consisting of regional innovative systems and its other substrata. The effectiveness of its functioning is determined by the level of development of each structural element of the national innovative system. The objective of the article is to analyze the innovative system of the university department, which is part of the university system as well as the regional and national innovative systems in general. Materials and Methods. Systematic, substratum and structured scientific approaches were used as well as analysis of known pieces of research on the issues under study including the previous works by the authors. Results. A hierarchy of innovative systems has been identified from the system of the department of a national research university to the national innovative system. A model of the innovative subsystem of the department with the identified innova- tive infrastructure has been developed. It is aimed at obtaining both specific animate innovative products: graduates of the university with competence in innovative engineering activities, and inanimate ones: tangible and intangible products. Discussion and Conclusions. The obtained results reaffirm the important role of each university department in the development of the national innovative system as a whole, and direct its work towards an innovative path of development, i. e. the creative productive intellectual and research activities, which will become the basis for the development of other innovative department systems. Further research may deal with substantiation of the expansion of the infrastructure of the innovative system of the department including through the creation of new sectors of digital designing and development of innovative products.

DIVERSIFICATION OF THE ECONOMIES OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF STRUCTURAL POLICY

The study of the situation not only in the global, but also in the national level suggests that there is no other way to implement sound and independent economic policy aimed to achieve balanced economic development based on innovation without assuring competition. In the present research is described only one side of competition – diversification of the economics in Eurasian economic union. Two questions are being discussed: 1) what will the diversification be like in the member states if the value added of sectors of economy is taken for a basis in a calculation of Ogive index, 2) what differences are available when these two (by employment and value added) ways of Ogive index calculations are compared. The results of the calculations for all member states of the union are provided some conclusions which are important not only in national, but also on the union level in the path of competitive and innovative development.

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DEFENSE-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF ISRAEL AS A LEADING FACTOR IN ISRAELI INNOVATIVE ECONOMY

During evaluation of the potential and capabilities of Israel's innovative technologies, which has allowed this country to achieve compelling economic results, it is necessary to recognize and analyze those factors that are directly related to the field of defense and military events. At the same time, we point up the fact that it is Israeli defence sector that has had a fundamental influence on the development of technological and manufacturing capabilities of civilian industries, scientific-research and research-constructive work, higher education, and the quality of labor service unit. Israel's experience for Ukraine is very relevant and requires discussion of the issues of defense industry reforming and its capabilities in the development of high-tech industries and introduction of factors for innovative type of economic development.Taking into account above mentioned information, a comprehensive study of the factors is introduced behind the transformation of Israeli civilian sectors into a successful innovative sector based on the defense industry, when most of high-tech firms in Israel originated in defense industry, and defense sector is the most important source of the latest technological know-how and a field for training of experienced personnel for civilian branches.Israeli experience, as well, shows that a strong trigger for an innovative technological and military-technical breakthrough may be the need to preserve the state in a constant military conflict and the problem of obtaining armament from abroad. Today, Israeli Army is considered to be one of the most high-tech in the world, equipped with the first-rate armament and the latest information technologies.At the same time, Israel is on the list of the most dynamic developing countries, while making a significant contribution to global fundamental and applied sciences. It is also possible to state that Israel has become an innovative state, which creates the latest technologies and contributes to economic growth of the global economy. Certainly, such success is due to the fact that in the mid-1980s, the transition to the path of innovative development began in Israel, when at the first place a switch to the SRRSCW sphere was carried out, the point of which was to redirect the development of dual inventions to meet the needs of civilian industry, the reduction of purely military research and encouragement of private capital flow into the creation and commercial usage of conversional technologies.Keywords: defense-industrial complex, innovative economy, research and development (R&D), transfer of military technologies, factors of innovative development.

Computer-aided design and Computer-aided engineering

In modern industrial production some of the major factors of successful development include: cost reduction of the production, im-provement of its quality, as well as help to minimise the time in market en-try. Computer-aided design and Computer-aided engineering (CAD / CAE - systems) are the most effective for implementation of these requirements. Possible use of this engineering modeling simulation in conjunction with the power and speed of high performance computing could reduce costs and time of each cycle of designing, and also significantly reduce devel-opment time. The introduction of new technologies, the use of high quality products and engagement of qualified personnel would allow businesses and organizations to get on a path of innovative development of design and production systems.

INCREASE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

For the Republic of Kazakhstan, the problem of introduction of new scientific and technical developments in business and production, the transition to an innovative path of development has always remained relevant. The article presents the economic factors of state regulation, contributing to the creation, development and dissemination of innovation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The priorities of the industrial and innovation policy of the country are the development and creation of potentially competitive, including export-oriented, industries operating in the sectors of non-resource economy.

Formation of the innovation environment of enterprises in the real sector of the economy

The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for the formation of an innovative business environment as an essential condition for the implementation of effective innovations that ensure the transition of the domestic economy to an innovative development path. The article explores modern approaches to the formation of an innovation environment and the definition of its place in the implementation of effective innovations, identifies the problems of implementing effective innovations and identifies potential solutions to them, analyzes the factors determining the formation of an innovation environment and ensures the implementation of effective innovations, identifies ways to improve the innovation climate in real sector of the economy. As a result of the research, a model for the formation of an innovation environment has been developed that ensures the implementation of effective innovations and assumes the creation of favorable conditions for the implementation of innovation activities.

Methodical bases for forming the structure of management of innovative activity of large building holdings

The article considers the features of innovative activity from the standpoint of ensuring sustainable development of the construction industry, presents the features of construction that determine the objective need for innovation and the reasons for the industry's inertia towards innovations that hamper the process of transition to an innovative development path. The role of large enterprises as participants in the implementation of investment projects contributing to their most effective implementation is considered. The features of the management structure of innovation activity are justified. The factors determining the innovative management structure in holdings, considered possible variants of administrative interaction depending on the process involved in the control subjects and their functions.

DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN KAZAKHSTAN

The article presents an analysis of the innovation activities of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, identifies the reasons that impede the formation of the innovation environment, in which the components of growth of regional competitiveness are still poorly developed. General approaches to the formation of the term “innovative environment” are analyzed. The authors of the article noted that the solution to the problem of forming an effective innovation environment lies in two interrelated planes, caused, firstly, by the need to create external conditions conducive to innovation development, which include a combination of institutions and organizations in the structure of national innovation systems. Secondly, the presence of objective prerequisites for the transition to an innovative development path for business entities. Particular attention is also paid to the use of competitive advantages of the regions of Kazakhstan. The authors suggested ways to create an effective innovation environment and improve the innovation partnership of all participants: the state, business, science and education. In assessing the innovation activity of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, these indicators were used: expenditures on research and development, expenditures on technological innovations, output of innovative products per person in the region, etc., based on the results of the research a SWOT analysis was conducted, a model of innovative development of the enterprise was proposed, where the general strategic goals of the enterprise and the main directions of innovative development would be agreed.