Innovation Competition Research Articles

The impact of customer behaviour on the corporate competitiveness in the European environment

Research background: Corporate competitiveness is closely connected with the competitive advantage. Contemporary developed European countries are characterised by being highly competitive. Thus, the competitive advantage is particularly bound by fulfilling the customer preferences and needs. However, there is a necessity to preserve and strengthen customer satisfaction and loyalty, in the long-run. Purpose of the article: In the current globalised world, there is apparent high pressure on the sustainable development of the whole society. This trend was shifted from the mere legislation scope to the society-wide discussion. However, the previous researches prove that this trend is not reflected in the real purchasing behaviour in Czechia. Thus, the main aim of this article is to explore the role of customer behaviour in the corporate competitiveness paradigm concerning the current trend of corporate social responsibility. Methods: Primary quantitative research is based on a questionnaire survey with Czech managers at the top and middle level. The data collection was conducted from April to June 2021 via personal interviewing. The questionnaire contained mainly close-ended questions. However, if it was relevant there were also used additional open-ended questions for a closer explanation of the question point. Findings & Value added: The results indicate that the Czech business mostly perceives as a key factor of corporate competitiveness innovation potential, not direct relationships with customers. However, this factor has a significant indirect connection with customer satisfaction. CSR has the lowest impact on corporate competitiveness according to the respondents. However, they predicate the upward trend of this factor, similar to the global environment.

The Use of Economic and Mathematical Modeling in Assessing the Competitiveness of Tourism Industry Enterprises

Purpose of research. Tourism is the most important object in the system of modern economic relations. Its main goal is to create an environment conducive to meeting the needs of tourists, which ensure a steady flow of funds. In turn, the economic subsystem solves the problem of creating a competitive tourism industry – the most important determinant of economic growth. Therefore, the study of the competitiveness of the tourism industry market in ensuring sustainable economic growth of the state and increasing the well-being of the population is an extremely relevant direction in a market economy.At the moment, many international, domestic methods are used to assess the level of competitiveness (competitive opportunities). Methodological support for a comprehensive assessment of the competitiveness of tourism industry enterprises based on economic and mathematical models requires further development. An algorithm for assessing regional competitiveness is given on the example of building an econometric model, and testing it for its practical significance.The purpose of our study is to identify the factors affecting the increase in the level of competitiveness of the tourism potential of the Sevastopol region to ensure a sustainable influx of tourists.Materials and methods. The study of the level of increasing competitiveness based on the use of economic and mathematical modeling in the regional aspect is carried out. The «Gretl» software package was used as a statistical tool for the study. The study of the level of competitiveness in the field of the tourism industry in the Sevastopol region is carried out on the basis of a sample of 50 enterprises of the tourism industry, determined by the rating of the volume of gross revenues received per year. To model the share of the gross value added of the tourism industry in the gross regional product at the regional level, we considered the annual financial and economic data of the activities of travel companies, as well as the macroeconomic indicators of the Sevastopol region from 2015-2019. The processing of economic and financial indicators characterizing the micro- and macroeconomics, identification and interpretation of the model is made using computer technologies, in particular the Gretl software package.Results. According to the results of the study, the nature of the relationship between the share of the gross value added of the tourism industry in the gross regional product and the consumer price index, the growth rate of retail turnover, the growth rate of public catering turnover, and the quantity of registered crimes was revealed. Economic and mathematical modeling was carried out using various approaches to constructing the equations of the general model by the least squares method, with fixed or random effects.Conclusion. The article discusses the modeling of competitive advantages in the tourism industry, which makes it possible to determine the significant parameters of independent variables, and it was also proposed that the model with fixed effects is the most adequate for predicting the tourism potential of the Sevastopol region.It should be noted that it is almost impossible to achieve an increase in competitiveness by chance. Therefore, a set of methods and techniques is needed that form an innovative competitiveness management system. The implementation of such a system is directly related to the analysis and assessment of the whole variety of conditions and factors for the functioning of the subjects of the tourism industry.

Pharmaceutical Industry Development in the Midst of Crisis: Global Trends

Purpose: the main purpose of the article was to study the trends in the global pharmaceutical industry, as one of the most knowledge-intensive in the world economy, against the background of the 2020 COVID-related crisis. The task was to study the impact of the economic crisis on the priorities of the largest pharmaceutical multinationals, to link them with trends in the restructuring of health care systems, as well as to analyze and assess the potential impact of Brexit on the European pharma industry, starting from 2021.Methods: the work is based on a comparative analysis of trends in the restructuring of global value chains in pharmaceuticals, the digitalization of pharmaceuticals and health care, as well as a quantitative analysis of the revenue and value added by the largest European pharmaceutical multinational companies.Results: the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the process of digitalization of big pharma; the intensified transition to a continuous production model can be expected in the coming years. Also, the second largest industry market, the EU-27, will suffer less from Brexit than the UK itself, and industries in developing countries will benefit from additional growth opportunities. The digitalization of healthcare remains an important underlying factor for the transformation of pharmaceuticals and further growth of innovation competition. This paper presents the problems of pharma and how to address them, as well as possible ways to restructure healthcare systems to reduce the likelihood of new pandemics – this will be at the heart of regulatory solutions in the medium term.Conclusions and Relevance: governments and state regulators will be actively involved in the process of recovery of the pharmaceutical industry after the crisis. For small regional pharmaceutical producers in developing countries there is a growing need to digitalize production and diversify supply chains. Implementation of continuous production technologies allows expecting growth in the number of small pharmaceutical producers, deepening competition in the industry. The Brexit deal will also have significant implications for the industry, leading to a restructuring of supply chains within the EU from early 2021, reducing the UK's competitiveness.

METHODICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINATION OF LEVEL OF INNOVATION COMPETITIVENESS OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES

The purpose of the paper is to develop and prove the combined methodical approach to estimation of the level of innovation competitiveness of construction enterprises. Methodology. Theoretical and methodical basis of the research is the system approach to study of fundamental concepts of economic science to providing enterprises’ competitiveness. Development of the combined methodical approach is based on the results of comparative analysis of the existing approaches to estimation of companies’ competitiveness, including researches of the methods assessing total competiveness as well as its separate components. Dialectical and abstract logical methods as well as induction and deduction were used to generalize theoretical and methodological aspects of competitiveness evaluation and develop the combined approach. The results of the comparative analysis of publications devoted to estimation of enterprises’ competitiveness showed that the approach used by the researchers is based on using one or several methods of evaluation: based on the competitive advantages theory, effective competition, quality of goods, matrix, integral, scoring, analytical hierarchy, VIKOR and others. All these methods that can be used to estimate innovation competitiveness of construction companies are divided into three groups: quantitative, qualitative, and specialized. A combined approach to estimation of construction enterprises’ competitiveness based on combination of methodical concepts of stakeholder analysis theory (interested parties) using comparative advantage, matrix and integrated methods. Practical implications is development of scientific, methodological and practical approach to estimation of construction enterprises’ competitiveness allowing to receive the basis to creating the strategy of innovation competitiveness in order to provide economical safety. Value/originality is development of theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of estimation construction enterprises’ competitiveness including combined methodical approach as a complex of separate blocks, each is aimed at solving separate research task and has one purpose.

ANALYSIS OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT BY USING QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD): A STUDY OF KOMBUCHA

<p><em>Competitiveness of product innovation depends on how the company can answer the customers’ needs. To capture the right needs, product designer has to go and ask the customers and summary them into priority and translate the needs into technical requirement in order to produce the competitive product. At this era there are many kinds of drinks available in the market. Tea is one of the popular drinks for quite long. Different types of flavor tea created to find its market. This study is trying to offer a new product of Kombucha tea, a fermented tea. A method of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) was implemented to come out the right design of Kombucha tea which may absorb the customer needs. This was done through the questionaries and interview to the community. Based on this information then provide some technical requirements to produce the right quality Kombucha tea that are wanted by the customer. The results show customer requirement from the questionnaires 59% of respondents agrees that they buy Kombucha due to its taste. While 82% respondent agree on the Fuzzy sensation of kombucha taste. Packaging (Appearance), 58% like the package. And for Health benefit, respondents 83% agree. For easiness to get, respondents only gave 31%. The customer need should be transformed into Functional or technical measures. The study analyzed that there are 13 Functional aspects determined the end quality of Kombucha tea. This study presented on how to translate the customer needs into functional requirements to produce the right product.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>QFD, kombucha, product development, customer needs</em></p>

Proposed Research on the Relationships Between Innovation Competitiveness and Export Competitiveness in Central and Eastern European Countries

Abstract Research background: In the contemporary world, innovations are the driving force of economic development and new products, designs, trademarks and creative projects are of key importance to everyday economic decisions. Both economic theories and empirical research concern relations between innovations and foreign trade. This article belongs to this research trend and is devoted to an analysis of relations between innovations and export competitiveness in selected Central and Eastern European countries. Purpose: The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Research methodology: The paper contains an analysis with the use of standardised innovation competitiveness and export competitiveness indices. Countries and industry sectors are analysed in terms of the frequency of occurrence of these indices with various combinations of their signs. The impact of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness has been tested using dynamic models of panel data. Results: The conducted research indicates that technological advantage usually has a considerable positive impact on the trade competitiveness of Central and Eastern European countries but the strength of the impact depends on the branch of industry. Generally, the influence of technological competitiveness on trade competitiveness is stronger in highly and moderately technologically advanced industries than in industries characterised by low technological advancement. Novelty: The evaluation of the influence of innovation competitiveness on export competitiveness in Central and Eastern European countries using standardised competitiveness indices and a dynamic model of panel data is an added value in the paper.

Библиотека и издательство вуза — объединение как основа повышения эффективности

Presented is experience of Siberian Federal University in reforming organizational structure of educational supporting departments. History of creation, formation, reforming of the library and publishing complex of university is submitted. Considered is specificity of work of scientific library and publishing house of university. The article describes creation of the resource center as division of the library and publishing complex, responsible for automation and technical support of key business processes. The authors рresent approaches to improving activities of the scientific library and publishing house of university. It is indicated, that automated systems “University Book Provision”, “Publishing of Works of Authors of the Siberian Federal University” have been developed for coordination of activities between divisions. Library and publishing council functions to regulate and coordinate activities of library and publishing processes, integrate them into scientific and educational environment of university. It is noted, that automation of business processes made possible to ensure efficiency of division’s work with parallel optimization of the staffing table. It is emphasized, that unification of the library and the publishing house into one structure made it possible to resolve issue of obtaining information resources. Experience of Siberian Federal University proved to be successful, and that is proved by public recognition, victory of scientific library of Siberian Federal University at All-Russian competition of library innovations and use of practice of Siberian Federal University by other universities of the country.

ENGARUH SISTEM PEMASARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN BERSAING DAN INOVASI PADA UKM KULINER KOTA MEDAN

This research is motivated by the importance of marketing strategies marketing activities in small and medium-sized businesses to survive in competition between businesses. Researchers want to find out how the influence of the entrepreneurial marketing system that is focused on small and medium enterprises on the formation of innovation and competitive advantage where entrepreneurial marketing plays a role in innovation as well as entrepreneurial marketing on competitive advantage and innovation has a role that affects competitive advantage. The study was conducted on culinary UKM in the city of Medan. This type of research is a survey method with explanatory research. The sample of this study was 80 respondents with a random sampling technique. The analytical method uses PLS-3 (Partial Least Square). The results of this study indicate the first hypothesi there is a significant and positive effect between entrepreneurial marketing and innovation. The second variable hypothesis is entrepreneurship marketing with competitive advantage. The third hypothesis between innovation and competitive advantage.

Urban transformation through national innovation competitions: Lessons from the UK’s Future City Demonstrator initiative

ABSTRACT Around the world, local innovations in the management and development of urban space are often significantly shaped by national government competitions. This article argues that the competition is a characteristic but underdiscussed feature of contemporary national policymaking on urban innovation, and considers how such competitions might be more constructively implemented in the future. It does so by closely tracing the outcomes of one paradigmatic example: the UK’s Future City Demonstrator competition, launched in 2012, which awarded funding to four cities (Glasgow, Bristol, Peterborough, and London) to implement their proposals. The analysis offers lessons for similar competitions by highlighting six factors which co-determined the implementation and outcome of this initiative: asserting the need for speed; conflating export opportunities with local benefits; focusing on the need for institutional reform; reliance on cross-sectoral collaboration; positioning the city as a platform for digital solutions; and a lack of integration at the national level. Relatedly, we urge commentators to adopt a critical distance from justificatory assertions of urgent urban crisis and local governments being straightforwardly in need of reform.

The Relevance of Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing Representative Democracy in Nigeria

The paper examines the concept of representative democracy and election as its foundational hallmark. It focuses on election in Nigeria and the role of information and communication Technology (ICT). Elections in Nigeria and the nature of the electoral process are usually fraught with sectarian conflicts between ethnic groups and the multivariate religions that exist thereby exposing the process to violence and fraud which consequently have led to perennial leadership failures. This paper therefore, aims to x-ray the role and relevance of ICT in affecting the outcomes of elections in Nigeria. In particular, it seeks to examine how the deployment of advanced technology in the form of introduction of card readers and permanent voters card (PVC) can enhance the electoral process and management. There is also the revolutionary impact of the social media on election and voters’ awareness with more engaging and participatory conversations through various social platforms that have helped to shape public opinions and reposition elections not only in Nigeria but also in other climes. Communication and diffusionist theories are adopted as the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that innovation in the management of elections especially by introducing ICT will lead to minimal electoral fraud and more credible elections that will be acceptable to both the contestants, electorate and the international community. The paper recommends that government must play the leading role to ensure ICT is fully deployed in the conduct of elections in Nigeria. It further recommends that government should create the enabling environment to investors both local and foreign to engender competitive innovation in the area of software and IT development. The Nigerian youth are ICT savvy and if given the opportunity, will develop more suitable technology that could be used to solve the perennial electoral conundrum. Keywords: Information & communication technology, New media, Representative democracy, Political participation, Diffusionist approach DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-11-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020

Innovation activities and global competitiveness: evidence from southeast Asian countries

This article aims to understand the relationship between innovation and global competitiveness in several Southeast Asian countries, including: Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Bruney, and Philippines in the period 2005 - 2017. Only data on the global competitiveness index from 2013 to 2017 were collected in Laos, the same index was collected in Brunei but in a different period from 2008 to 2013 and the year 2016, 2017. In addition, data on innovation activities from 2007 to 2017 were collected in Cambodia. Data in the study were collected from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). ), World Economic Forum (WEF), World Bank (World Bank), and random-effects, fixed-effects methods were used. Research results show that innovation activities have a positive impact on global competitiveness and economic development is a factor promoting the global competitiveness of some Southeast Asian countries. Based on the research results, some Southeast Asian countries should have appropriate policies to develop global competitiveness, especially focusing on policies to encourage innovation for businesses, mechanisms, enabling businesses to innovate, which contributes to improving the global competitiveness of countries.

The complex firm financial effects of customer satisfaction improvements

It has been widely assumed that increases in customer satisfaction have continuous financial benefits for firms. However, recent meta-analysis results and anecdotal evidence suggest substantial variability in satisfaction-performance effects. We propose and investigate three explanations for this variability: (1) changing trade-offs of financial benefits vis-à-vis costs along the satisfaction continuum, (2) varying stickiness of benefits and costs over time, and (3) contextual effects related to a firm’s marketing strategic situation. For our empirical investigation, we used customer satisfaction scores and financial data for around 100 U.S. firms over a 15-year period. The results show that revenues and savings in marketing and acquisition costs can accelerate at high satisfaction levels. However, for many firms, operating costs and capital investments also accelerate, and shareholder returns for satisfaction improvements can become negative. Tests over different assessment horizons show that operating cost increases are sticky while top line benefits fade. Finally, firm strategy, offering customization, potential of customer word of mouth, and competitive innovation pressure determine the satisfaction payoffs. Our study will help managers to predict more accurately than before the financial effects of their customer-directed investment decisions.

Evaluating the Competitiveness of Asian Construction Companies through Patent Analysis

In evaluating the competitiveness of construction companies and their development strategies, patents are a useful and objective source of technical information. In this study, the cutting-edge technologies of construction industries of China, Japan, and South Korea were investigated based on the data of patent applications filed by a total of 15 construction companies (five companies from each country). The related technologies were classified into six core technology groups based on their keywords. After that, we used four patent analysis methods: time series analysis, IP (Intellectual Property) emergence level analysis, spiral module analysis, and OS (Object-Solution) Matrix analysis, to identify the promising technologies/vacant technologies for global construction companies in China, Japan, and South Korea, and to analyze the technical competitiveness of the three countries. The findings of this study showed that each country can claim a relative technological advantage over the others. Overall, 3D printing and offsite construction technology, data acquisition technology, AR and VR technology are expected to be promising in the Asian region. The present study contributes to the body of knowledge by expanding our understanding of technological innovation for the competitiveness of companies and the technology development strategies pursued by the construction industries of China, Japan, and South Korea.

AMCP Partnership Forum: What's Next for Specialty Medication Benefit Design and Reimbursement.

Rising specialty drug costs present a challenge for patients and payers. High-cost products, such as gene therapies or immunotherapies, can significantly affect the budget of a payer that does not have the ability to spread risk across a large population. Stakeholders are considering new reimbursement and benefit designs for specialty medications to improve efficiencies and better manage costs. The potential effect of changes to specialty medication benefit designs and reimbursement systems on patient care, access to medications, and the overall health care system are important considerations when assessing the benefits and challenges associated with reform proposals. Options to better manage the affordability of specialty medications are needed to ensure that patients can continue to access medications, while allowing payers to remain good stewards of health care dollars and supporting marketplace competition and incentives to stimulate innovation. New benefit designs that address these needs, while also supporting marketplace competition and providing incentives that stimulate innovation, have been considered. To explore options, AMCP convened a multidisciplinary stakeholder forum on December 10-11, 2019, in Alexandria, VA. Health care leaders representing academia, health plans, integrated delivery systems, industry leaders, pharmaceutical manufacturers, pharmacy benefit managers, employers, federal government agencies, national health care provider organizations, and patient advocacy organizations participated in the forum. The forum was designed for stakeholders to discuss strategies for the following: (a) reduce costs for beneficiaries while maintaining or improving access to prescription drugs; (b) support marketplace competition and incentives for biopharmaceutical innovation; (c) minimize physicians' financial risk associated with managing drug inventories; (d) remove adverse reimbursement incentives for prescribing higher priced drugs; (e) consider the cost-effectiveness of treatments and services across the health care continuum; and (f) support quality measurement and program evaluation metrics. Recommendations emerging from the forum included creation of novel payment models for the most expensive therapies that allow for larger risk pools, while maintaining the sustainability of the reinsurance market remains. Simplification and standardization were cited as goals for system reform and technological innovations that allow health care providers to view cost-effectiveness information at the point of prescribing, combined with value-based contracting were also recommended. Finally, ensuring that plans remain patient-centric and are designed to address patient needs holistically was stressed as an important goal. DISCLOSURES: This partnership forum was sponsored by Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, GSK, Merck, Pfizer, PhRMA, Takeda, and Xcenda. These proceedings were prepared as a summary of the forum to represent common themes; they are not necessarily endorsed by all attendees nor should they be construed as reflecting group consensus.

Financial Markets as Financial Systems: A Philosophical Dialogue between Offshore Tax Haven Islands and Systemic Failures

Abstract This paper deals with financial markets as forms of financial systems. For the first time theorised under a Luhmannian paradigm, markets are conceptualised as financial systems informed by four main structures: risk, uncertainty, competition, and financial innovation. According to Frank Knight, risk is a measurable entity and can always be calculated, but uncertainty is unmeasurable. Nonetheless, uncertainty constitutes the main catalyst for money creation processes in modern economies. In other words, it underpins profit rather than undermining it. For this reason, the modern financial actor is destined to fail. It must deal with uncertainty if it wants to make a profit, but at the same time it can experience only uncertainty, due to its unmeasurable nature. This has caused a profound dilemma between ‘uncertainty-aversion’ paradigms and self-regulation approaches. The paper argues for a mixed system of hybrid regulation, on the one hand to save the environments of tax haven islands via more transparent policies to tax those same offshore companies, and on the other to promote a system of co-operation between financial operators and the state. This is the only way to promote auto-regeneration processes for the whole financial system, because the system itself has already been programmed to fail, and systemic failures produce contagious effects, showing a deeper interconnection of financial systems tout court as well suggesting a cure via a spontaneous mechanism of auto-regeneration, or autopoiesis.

Altruism or Shrewd Business? Implications of Technology Openness on Innovations and Competition

In today’s highly competitive business environment, a growing number of high-tech firms are opening their technologies. We explore the rationale behind this unusual sharing behavior in order to understand whether it is altruism or a shrewd business move. We construct an analytical model where competing firms can choose technology openness, prototype release, or technology closedness as the technology openness strategy and make subsequent innovations on the adopted technology. In contrast to literature focusing on the demand side, our study reveals a novel explanation by shedding light on two effects of supply side. First, openness generates an information effect through which it reveals technology information to the competitor. Second, openness might also lead to an access effect in which the competitor might become a “copycat” by exerting a learning effort. Our analysis suggests that a firm’s openness decision depends upon the trade-off between both effects, and the interplay is moderated by the learning costs. We find that sharing technology can alleviate costly innovation competition under certain conditions. More importantly, our results reveal that openness does not necessarily translate to higher innovation and greater consumer surplus as conventional wisdom suggests. We also illustrate the robustness of the basic rationale and enrich our findings through several extended models.

Scientific Research Work in the Central Libraries of the Russian Federation: Legal Basis, Organization Forms and Key Problems

The purpose of this article is to identify organizational problems of conducting scientific research work (R&D) by the regional libraries and the possibility of applying the experience of national libraries in the organization of science, taking into account the requirements for scientific research institutions. The article analyzes the legal and organizational grounds for conducting scientific research work by libraries and the experience of national libraries of Russia. The author indicates that the role of leading scientific institutions in the library sphere is assigned to the National Library of Russia and The Russian State Library.The article presents comprehensive analysis of the state of research activities of the central libraries of the subjects of the Russian Federation (CL of RF subjects) on the basis of reflection of this work in the normative legal acts of regional level, governing library operations, and in the regulations of the libraries. Specialized scientific research divisions are studied based on the action plans, public reports, etc. Conducting scientific research in library is one of the determinative types of library activities. The results of studies of central libraries are recognized both at the regional and federal levels and proved by the winners of the All-Russian competition of scientific works on library science, bibliography and book science, the All-Russian competition “The best professional book of the year”, the All-Russian competition “Library analytics”, the All-Russian competition of library innovation and others.The author notes that the identified scientific potential of the CL of the RF subjects is not fully used. The paper concludes that there is insufficient attention to this area of activity from federal authorities and libraries — to the methodical and coordination centres of federal level. The article outlines the prospects and directions for solving the issue of validity and significance of scientific research conducted by regional libraries. The author points out the need for methodological support by national libraries.

Coopetition for innovation in R&D consortia: Moderating roles of size disparity and formal interaction

Increasingly, firms are forming alliances to engage in cooperative innovation activities with their competitors. Participating firms in an R&D consortium can not only obtain the general benefits from cooperation, but also further promote communication and mutual learning due to the common knowledge base with their competitors in the consortium. However, R&D consortium as a typical cooperative innovation alliance has downsides too - competition in a cooperative consortium provides member firms with not only benefits, but also challenges. The opportunistic nature of competition poses a dilemma for member firms when they decide how much effort should be committed to cooperative R&D activities. This study aims to investigate the benefits and costs of competition for firm innovation in cooperative R&D consortia. The study will also identify the boundary conditions to amplify the advantages of competition in terms of the network properties of consortia. The study employs data from 649 firms in 50 Japanese R&D consortia to analyze the curvilinear relationship between the intensity of competition and firm innovation in a cooperative consortium. It was found that a focal firm with a moderate level of competition will have better innovation performance compared to those with either a low or high level of competition. Moreover, it investigates the moderating roles of the firms’ size disparity of R&D consortia and the consortium-organized interaction. The results indicate that the R&D consortium with a low size disparity amplifies the linear effect of the competition on cooperative innovation, which can help the focal firm achieve more gains from cooperative R&D. The consortium-organized interaction strengthens the curvilinear effect of the competition intensity on innovation. This study, using resource dependence theory and social network lenses, extends our understanding of the role of coopetition in firm innovation performance by filling the gap in when and to what extent the intensity of competition matters in multiparty cooperative R&D consortia. It also provides new evidence on the boundary conditions of R&D consortia managing the tension.

Enterprise content management systems: a graphical approach to improve the creativity during ideation sessions—case study of an innovation competition “24 h of innovation”

Big data could be a “gold mine” for creativity if it is used in the proper way, to this aim, we propose to use content management solutions to improve innovation process. Using ECM (enterprise content management) in the ideation step of the innovation process may enhance the creativity of users to create new knowledge. Organizations have access to multiple information from internal and external sources. This information is present everywhere in the workplace and represent an interesting source of creativity. The access to large databases of information can overwhelm users, in their innovation process, and tend them to return to known solutions which will decrease the creativity. To avoid this situation, we will be coupling the ECM with graphical tools. In this paper, we propose a detailed approach on how to use graphical tools with the ECM by applying the analysis properties from the graph theory in order to be more creative. Then, we present a case study where a team participating in an innovation competition uses our proposed approach at the ideation stage to enhance their creativity. Indeed, we will test this approach to evaluate its effectiveness in the in the 24H innovation competition context.

Reaching for mediocrity: Competition and stagnation in pharmaceutical innovation

We model how risk-neutral firms’ ability to obtain substantial private returns on marginal new technologies causes them to “reach for mediocrity” by investing in socially suboptimal projects, even in the presence of competition and new entrants. Focusing primarily on pharmaceutical innovation, we analyze various policy interventions to solve this underinvestment problem. In particular, we describe a new approach for a “value-based” patent system, which ties patent protection to an underlying invention's social value, and we show how such a system could incentivize socially optimal innovation.