Innovation In Ukraine Research Articles

ІННОВАЦІЇ В СУЧАСНОМУ УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

The article explores the concept of innovation in modern education of Ukraine, which is going through reforms and is referred to by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine as one of the key characteristics of the country’s educational process in terms of integration into academic and educational framework of the European Union. Educational innovation is seen by the author as an upgrade of the entire system, which was made possible with the introduction of an appropriate action plan (new approaches, teaching methods), which improved the system’s performance. The dichotomous nature of innovation is studied as a combination of its static (the statement of the changes that have occurred) and dynamic (the upgrading process as such) aspects. Educational innovations in Ukraine were enabled by the democratization of society and the creation of an overall innovative environment, which laid the intellectual foundation for implementing innovations in national higher education institutions. Based on the analysis of fundamental changes suggested by the Ministry (eliminating education monopoly) and the use of innovative technologies intrinsic to the European education system (credit-module system, interactive learning, project-based learning, person-oriented approach to professional training, distance and blended learning), the author has testified to a more flexible operation system for Oles Honchar Dnipro National University and its subdivisions (the possibility of subdivision-bound management and independence in content development, choice of learning aims and methods, planning research work) as well as to a more student-centered and student-motivating approach (the possibility of choosing activities and tasks, types of educational information leaning on the lesson stages and student’s cognitive profiles). Therefore, educational innovations are forward-looking, yet they require financial support and in-depth understanding.

ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS OF INNOVATIVE REGULATION ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE

The article is devoted to the analysis of problems of innovation activity in Ukraine. Innovation in Ukraine has not yet become an appropriate means of increasing competitiveness. The value of intellectual property is assessed in a distorted market, separated from the potential economic effect of innovation. This does not stimulate the improvement of the production of an intellectual product - the basis of innovation. It is concluded that most legal norms are only declarative and not enforced, which lacks a sufficiently effective legal framework to protect intellectual property rights and individual innovations. Аlthough the current legal framework for scientific, technical and innovative activities has about 200 documents. Ukraine’s priorities in this sector have been identified to avoid the adoption of new laws, аfter all, according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the imperfect legal framework is almost 40% of all reasons that hinder innovation. To achieve the goal of the article, the following methods of scientific knowledge are used: the normative-dogmatic method was used in the analysis of normative-legal acts regulating innovation activity in Ukraine. The monographic method helped to study the world experience of state regulation of innovation in different countries. Methods of analysis and synthesis allowed to assess the effectiveness of state support mechanisms for innovation in Ukraine. The comparative legal method allowed to compare the features of state regulation of innovation in different countries. The statistical method proved to be useful in considering the current state of innovation in Ukraine. An abstract and logical method was used to formulate the relevant conclusions and proposals. During the study of foreign experience, ways to improve the legislation governing innovation in Ukraine were found and proposed. The empirical basis of the study is the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, monographs and articles of scientists in various fields of law, the results of the authors’ own research. Key words: Legislative regulation, innovations, innovative activity, Ukraine, foreign experience.

The role of innovative technologies in ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise

Purpose. To establish the reasons for the slowdown of the innovation process in Ukraine and the Ukrainian peculiarities of this process in providing competitive advantage. To develop a conceptual model of the impact of information technology on the formation of competitive advantages. Methodology. The research uses general and special methods of cognition: content analysis for an analytical review of the literature, identifying unresolved aspects of the problem; induction and deduction to establish conditions for formation of a positive impact of innovations on competitiveness; system analysis to establish the reasons for slowing down the innovation process; going from the abstract to the concrete to establish why changes in sustainable development do not outweigh the costs of innovation in Ukraine; idealization to establish new opportunities that open innovations for Economy 4.0; modeling for the development of scheme support system for management decisions regarding innovations and the conceptual model of algorithm of the intelligent system support and decision-making regarding operational and strategic management of innovation process. Findings. The following was established: the nature of the relationship between the introduction of innovations and the acquisition of competitive advantages; conditions for the formation of the positive impact of innovation on competitiveness; reasons for slowing down the innovation process. It is stated that the application of the latest technologies opens new opportunities for gaining competitive advantages. These opportunities were stratified depending on the impact on competitiveness. It is substantiated that innovations serve not only as a tool to increase competitiveness, but also contribute to the movement towards Economy 4.0. Originality. Tools for coordination of operational and strategic management of innovations were proposed. An algorithm of the conceptual model of the innovation decision-making system was developed for the effective implementation of strategic management. Practical value. The developed approaches to support management decisions of the innovation process can increase the efficiency of introducing innovation at enterprises.

Innovations in Ukrainian medicine: priorities, directions, and forecasts

Aims: There is a tangible informative lack in terms of medical innovation in Ukraine. Little accessible information regarding the steps being taken to foster medical innovation in Ukraine is due to the country's ongoing conflict and the significant pressure on its healthcare sector. Such an informative gap emphasises the necessity for additional research into Ukraine's unique medical landscape. Study design: Literature review Methodology: MEDLINE, Cochrane Reviews, and Pedro were among the databases used to conduct the literature search. The conjunctions "AND" and "OR" were used with certain keywords. The articles' time range was restricted between 2018 and 2022 in order to evaluate only present recent facts. Papers discussing innovative medicine, their development, distribution or procurement were included in the inclusion criteria. Results: Most studies examined how could be achieved the access to revolutionary medicine ignoring the medicine development. The creation of innovative medications was the subject of just one study. Most of the research discussed HTA and MEA and how important they were to ensuring patients had easy access to cutting-edge medications. Legislative or economic restrictions were the only one’s present. Conclusion: It is unclear how innovative pharmaceutical development is currently progressing in Ukraine. Health Technology Assessment (HTA) and Managed Entry Agreements (MEA) are being used to improve the access to innovative medicine in Ukraine. Buying medications for chronic illnesses is simple and convenient. In order to develop and distribute new medicine in Ukraine, regulatory and economic restrictions must be removed. Scientific Novelty: This study is the first to analyse the availability or development of innovative medication, therefore it can serve as the foundation for future studies by other groups. However, it would necessitate further on-the-ground research concerning the actual situation surrounding the creation, dissemination, and acquisition of innovative medicines. The ongoing war effort may hinder this.

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF ACADEMIC STAFF BY MEANS OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES: THE UKRAINIAN EXPERINCE

The article explores the issue of professional development and academic staff readiness for implementing innovations. Japanese higher education is well-known for its academic excellence, internationalization, and progressivity. Among several its unbiased advantages there is innovative encouragement, entrepreneurial culture of higher education institutions, collegiate professional support. All these issues are the matter of interest for the Ukrainian education system. The article examines focal points: recent innovation trends in higher education globally, academic staff readiness for implementing innovations in two education systems. It was found that the readiness of scientific and pedagogical staff to introduce key innovations in higher education is built on the basis of specific components of professional competence. In particular, such components focus on the organized acquisition of additional knowledge and skills of professional implementation, aimed at the professional development of specialists in the information society.This concept is related to the desire and the ability of the teaching staff to acquire additional professional knowledge and skills to meet the demand of modern education. This is especially urgent under uncertain socio-economic circumstances, particularly, in Ukraine where teaching is not considered an attractive career to choose. The paper seeks to examine the level of university staff readiness for implementing innovations in Ukraine by means of information and communication technologies. The analysis of university staff readiness to implement innovations was carried out on the base of a remote survey. All the participants attended at least two training programs (advanced training courses, seminars, workshops) in years prior to the survey. The analysis showed the evident need of research and teaching staff to improve their own information and communication competence, and also the need to refer to the modern information and communication technologies. It was found that the use of the information and communication technologies in the educational process of higher education is a favorable factor in the development of readiness of research and teaching staff to implement educational innovations in their own professional activities. In future research, it is recommended improving Ukrainian experience for professional development of academic staff in the dimension of information and communication technologies adapted for different levels of educational management.

Energy innovation market: analysis of trends and functioning issues

Introduction. The accepted Green Deal Policy led to the rapid development of energy innovations that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the countrys energy efficiency and energy security.The paper aims to analyze the trends, bottlenecks and problems of the energy innovation market in Ukraine and EU to determine the likelihood of achieving target indicators such as the Green Deal Policy and the Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035.Research methods. The study applied bibliometric analysis to systematize the theoretical framework in the analysis of the energy innovations. Besides, the authors applied the following methods: logical generalization, scientific abstraction, system- structural analysis.Results. In 2021, Mission Innovation member countries have invested more than $ 27 billion in clean energy research and development. The United States had the largest increasing in funding for research and development in energy innovation. In second place the People’s Republic of China. The findings showed that the energy innovations market in both the EU and Ukraine is not going according to the declared goals. First of all, experts attribute these gaps (the difference between current and planned targets) to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ability to bring new technologies to market will be weakened as a result of pandemic failures. In addition, market and political uncertainty threatens to reduce the resources available to entrepreneurs to study energy innovation. Perspectives. It is established that the policy of energy innovation development should be developed taking into account the possible explicit / latent and positive / negative transmission effects in the chain “business-government-society”. In addition, this policy should be consistent with the goals of the energy transition, ensure the competitiveness and technological security of the countries. The results showed that further research requires tools to stimulate the development of energy innovation in Ukraine based on the generalization of best practices of leading countries in the implementation of energy innovation.

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL ENERGY OBJECTS WITHIN MICROGRIDS

Goal. Clarify the definition of the term "local energy object", by disclosing its essence and content in the energy network. To find out the strategic directions necessary for the development and dissemination of energy innovations in Ukraine with the participation of microgrids.
 Task. Analyze and establish requirements for determining the term of a local energy object, develop a classification of energy objects according to different classification criteria. Justify the importance and essence of local energy objects in the power grid. Conduct a comprehensive assessment and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of microgrids through the use of SWOT - analysis methodologies.
 The result of the study. The article proposes and formulates the definition of the term of the local energy object. The classification of objects is developed by such categorical features as: economic - geographical position, functional purpose, power supply mode, criterion of effective management, method of management, type of performed task, parameter of electric energy consumption (power, type of current), size of object, human influence, form of ownership, category of electric receivers. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as opportunities and threats to the development of power supply of local objects as part of microgrids are presented. SWOT analysis methodology was used to conduct analytical research (analysis).
 Scientific novelty consists in the introduction into scientific circulation of a new term, such as "local energy object", as well as in the disclosure of its essence, content and meaning.
 Conclusions and practical significance. The definition of the term "local energy object" is clarified, its essence, content and meaning in the composition of energy networks are revealed, which helps to characterize the main subjects of energy. The strategic directions necessary for the development and dissemination of energy innovations in Ukraine in the long run are provided.

The impact of the war with Russia on the export/import of Ukraine and possible tools to restore the Ukrainian economy

The war posed a new challenge to the Ukrainian economy: how to ensure the recovery of Ukrainian exports / imports and enable businesses to recover after the war. The aim of this study was to identify possible tools of the customs tariff mechanism that will help Ukrainian companies to recover and start working. This study is comparative and compares the structures of customs and tariff regulation of the EU and Ukraine, both in pre-war Ukraine and during the war. A poll conducted in 2022 shows the attitude of Ukrainian business to reforms and the introduction of new instruments of the customs tariff mechanism. The survey was conducted among 76 companies engaged in exports and import, of which 29 have an import component in their goods. The survey examined the business response to the introduction of the proposed innovations in Ukraine. The research methodology is based on qualitative and quantitative research methods. This study proposes ways to improve the customs tariff mechanism in Ukraine, namely the presentation of the latest models to improve the existing customs tariff mechanism, which were developed in early 2022, and are effective for the recovery of the Ukrainian economy after the war. This study also includes an analysis of the impact of the proposed models on the achievement of sustainable development goals in Ukraine in the future.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM BEHIND THE CREATION AND FUNCTIONING OF TECHNOPOLES

Presently, finding priority areas as well as organizational and technological forms of innovation becomes crucial for the development of both high-tech and traditional sectors of the domestic economy. Solving problematic issues requires improved mechanisms of management and intensified interaction between the subjects of innovation processes, as well as the formation of such infrastructure facilities that can become vibrant hubs generating and implementing innovations and new technologies. Relying on the systemic approach, the paper aims to elaborate the theoretical and methodological principles shaping the concept of organizational and economic mechanism of creation and maintenance of technopoles. The following general and special research methods were employed: those of theoretical generalization and deduction, system-structural analysis, and system analysis. The basis for the analysis were statistical data on the state of innovation in Ukraine collected for the period 2017-2020, research on the effectiveness of organizational forms of innovation and scientific work of Ukrainian scientists on this issue.
 The paper discusses and outlines the essence of organizational and economic mechanism of creation and maintaining the technopolis, determines the structural elements of the mechanism from the systemic standpoint. The research uncovers positive dynamics in relation to the innovative activity of industrial enterprises and reveals a few main factors that inhibit innovative activity. It is argued that in order to improve the efficiency of technopoles and other facilities of innovation infrastructure it is vital to focus on the following priority areas: the introduction of untapped opportunities, intensification of state innovation policy, provision of additional support for regional innovations. Implementation of the developed organizational and economic mechanism of formation and development of technopoles and other facilities of innovation infrastructure can significantly improve the efficiency of their operation and raise the level of innovation.

Tax tools with innovative functionality: practice and possibilities of application in Ukraine

Methods. The methodological basis of the study are general and special methods of scientific knowledge, in particular: methods of interdisciplinary, institutional, comparative and statistical analysis with the use of tabular and graphical methods of data visualization to formulate theoretical foundations of research tax tools with innovative functionality. Results. The essence of tax tools with innovation functionality is determined, the goals of which are the formation of a competitive environment with prerequisites and focus on innovation, support for innovation, intersectoral and public-private cooperation in innovation, state guarantee of investment in innovation projects. The current practices of tax policy in Ukraine with an emphasis on innovative results are analyzed, which allowed the author to divide them into investment, subjective and innovation-resuscitation areas. Novelty. Taking into account the satisfactory situation with regard to innovation in Ukraine, a flowchart of the scientific substantiation of the concept of state regulation of innovative transformations of the economy is proposed, where tax tools occupy an important place. Practical value. The system of measures on the way of effective application of tax tools with innovative functionality in Ukraine is determined. In the short term, measures aimed at overcoming the current destructive effects of tax benefits have been identified, namely: disclosure and public control of their institutional orientation, reduction of tax benefits to resource-intensive sectors of the economy with low innovation efficiency, introduction of profitability criteria for entities. with the prospect of innovation, providing tax benefits for the renewal of fixed assets.

METHODOLOGICAL AND INVESTMENT SUPPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to develop a strategy for improving the innovation of domestic industrial enterprises in modern conditions. The basis for solving this problem is a deep retrospective analysis of innovation in Ukraine in terms of investment sources and areas of expenditure on innovation of industrial enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – In the

Інновації як дієвий інструмент розвитку країни в післявоєнний період

The dynamics of life in the world explains the special interest of society in innovations and innovative activities. Practical application of new ideas in the form of new products and technology contributes to economic growth and social development of modern society. This article is devoted to the current problem of innovative development. The author analyzes different views of researchers on the essence of the concept of "innovation", identifies and describes the functions of innovations and their role in the development of the country's economy. The article highlights the fundamental components of innovative economy as the basis of modern economic growth of countries. In order to overcome the lag behind developed countries, preserve territorial integrity and improve people's quality of life, it is also necessary to develop high technologies. The article contains proposals, the implementation of which, in the opinion of the author, will lead to an increase in the efficiency of innovative activities, social and economic development The fact that Ukraine is in a catastrophic situation, with destroyed cities that need to be rebuilt after the end of the war and Ukraine's victory, does not require proof. According to most researchers, it is innovative activity that will become the engine of economic and social development in the postwar period. It leads to deep transformations in the technological method of production, which contributes to a significant saving of resources and the emergence of new high-quality products. The article analyzes the level of Ukraine in international rankings in the field of innovative activity of countries. The authors identified the main factors that determine the slow introduction of innovations, advanced technologies and developments in the field of innovation in Ukraine. The new scientific result obtained by the author is an assessment of the degree of influence of innovations on the current development of the economy, a generalization of the main problems and tasks that need to be solved for the development of innovative activity in the country in the post-war period.

COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATUS

Commercialization of innovations is a fundamental condition for the development of both micro- and macroeconomic aspects in the context of their impact on the creation of competitive advantages and economic development. Moreover, the commercialization of innovation is perhaps the most important challenge that all companies face. innovation goes beyond science or technology; it is something that is able to create value through the commercialization process. Commercialization acts as an important "intermediary" between scientific and technical development and the object of purchase and sale and is an effective lever thanks to which the newly created innovative development brings profit. The topic of commercialization of innovations has obviously received increased attention recently, but this subject of research is quite fragmented and distributed among different fields of research and disciplines. As a result, a variety of theoretical and empirical findings need to be explored, organized, and aggregated. The purpose of the article is to study the level of commercialization of innovations in Ukraine compared to world trends and to identify the problems of reducing the number of innovators-enterprises. Commercialization is a basic condition for the successful implementation of the results of innovative activities of high-tech enterprises in any country, therefore the article examines the rating of Ukraine according to the Global Innovation Index and identifies world leaders. The dynamics of the introduction of innovations at industrial enterprises of Ukraine in 2014-2020 were formed. The rating of the Top 5 most innovative companies of Ukraine in 2021 was analyzed. The result of the study was the identification of problems that significantly weaken the place of innovators-companies of Ukraine among world leaders. The article will be useful for specialists and scientists in the field of innovative marketing, management, logistics, teachers and students of higher educational institutions. For those who are interested in deepening their knowledge in the field of innovative development of Ukrainian enterprises in the context of product commercialization.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE CONTENT OF INNOVATIVE INDICATORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY (RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE AND POLAND)

The article is devoted to the analysis of innovative development of Ukraine and Poland. Management of innovation processes requires knowledge of the specifics of innovation in Ukraine and experience in the application of innovations in other countries, including Poland. Innovative development requires significant financial resources, regardless of the economy and the country. The scientific community uses a number of approaches to measure the level of innovation and innovative achievements. At the same time, there is no single and generally accepted method for assessing the level of innovative development of countries. The results of the generalization of scientific achievements on this issue showed that the most common methodology is the European Innovation Scoreboard, which is proposed by experts from the Research and Innovation Department of the European Commission. The aim of the article is to identify key areas for increasing the level of innovation development of the country based on the results of retrospective analysis of indicators of innovation development and competitiveness of Ukraine and Poland. Reports from the European Innovation Scoreboard and the Global Competitiveness Index were the starting point for the study. The results of the study showed that the main obstacle to innovative development in Ukraine, in contrast to Poland, is the significant loss of scientific and technological potential during the years of independence. It is determined that one of the strengths of the Ukrainian economy, which forms the potential to increase the level of its innovative development, is human resources. On the other hand, the efficiency of economic relations, the level of favorable environment for innovation, as well as financial and institutional support for innovation processes are the weakest dimensions of innovation. Low-rated indicators include innovators with product or process innovations, marketing and organizational innovations, and so on. The results of a comparative analysis of the levels of innovation development of Poland and Ukraine showed the existence of large innovation gaps between the studied countries. It is established that Poland is a leader in almost all components of innovation development. In view of this, it is expedient to study the experience of Poland in ensuring the capacity building of the country's innovative development.

ВПЛИВ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ВІДКРИТИХ ІННОВАЦІЙ НА ЗАКОНОДАВСТВО У СФЕРІ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТА ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЇ ВЛАСНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ

The paper offers a comprehensive look at the dialectics of Open Innovation and legal problems of proper protection of intellectual property rights, since only theoretical and methodological aspects received fragmented attention in the research literature. The author examines in detail the content of the «Open Innovation 2.0» concept. Thus, the use of Open Innovation can take various forms, from internal and external licensing of intellectual property rights, spin-off and spin-out models, co-development, research joint ventures to crowdsourcing of Open Innovation, which is characteristic of the Open Innovation process «outside-in». The main connection between these forms is that Open Innovation involves the exchange of objects of intellectual property rights between different subjects of innovation activity for the purpose of joint creation and commercialization of objects of intellectual property rights. The author came to the conclusion that it is necessary to distinguish Open Innovations from Open- source software, which is not associated with restrictions on further modification, but with the preservation of information about the original authorship and the changes made. The role of the concept of Open Innovation in promoting the development of the Patenting Institute, which determines, in particular, its function as a catalyst for technological cooperation under the terms of license agreements, is considered. The author identified the need for a thorough analysis of theoretical and practical problems regarding the prerequisites for the development of Open Innovation in Ukraine, the peculiarities of the implementation of the legal basis of the concept of Open Innovation in Ukrainian legislation in the field of innovation activity and Intellectual Property, mechanisms of co-creation of subjects of innovation activity with a vector for the integration of internal and external technological knowledge precisely from the standpoint of Intellectual Property Law.

Regulatory relationship on use and environmental protection in the innovative sphere

Problem setting. The functioning of legal relations of use and environmental protection is currently regulated by a number of regulations of different legal force and direction. All this legislation is aimed at ensuring a safe environment, stopping the negative climate change caused by industry, agriculture, low energy efficiency of buildings, lack of waste management system, as well as reducing carbon sequestration by the ecosystem. The object of research is the legislation that regulates the legal relationship regarding the use and protection of the environment in the field of innovation. The subject of the study is the state of the regulatory framework and legislative regulation of legal relations regarding the use and protection of the environment in the field of innovation. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Legal relations on the use and protection of the environment in the field of innovation have repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers. In particular, A.P. Hetman considered the issues of environmental and legal component of innovative entrepreneurship, G.V. Anisimova studied issues of environmental and legal aspects of regional innovation system, V.L. Bredikhina in the field of research were issues of legal support of environmental safety in the field of implementation innovation policy. Krasnova M.V. considered the introduction of innovative dominants of sustainable development in the environmental legislation of Ukraine. In addition, the scientific literature analyzed the legal basis for the introduction of innovative technologies in agribusiness (Bakai Yu. Yu.); legal support for the introduction of ecologically oriented innovations in Ukraine (Lebedeva T.M.), ecological innovation management in the mechanism of sustainable development (Zadykhailo D.D.). However, the study that would be aimed at analyzing the legal regulation of the use of environmental protection in the field of innovation was not yet, which prompted us to choose this topic of scientific work. Target of research is to identify and make proposals to current legislation in certain areas. The scientific novelty of the study is to make proposals to consolidate amendments to current legislation and proposals for the development of separate documents to regulate the functioning of legal relations of use and environmental protection in the field of innovation. Article’s main body. The normative-legal acts are researched, the scientific specialized literature is analyzed according to the chosen theme of scientific work. The need to amend the current legislation, the importance of developing regulations aimed at applying existing and developing new mechanisms to ensure the use and protection of the environment in the innovation sphere are identified and emphasized. Conclusions and prospects for the development. After analyzing the legal support for the functioning of legal relations of use and environmental protection in the innovation sphere, we came to the conclusion that today there is an urgent need to develop and implement a special legal act that would establish a set of measures to develop innovation in the use and environmental protection. The purpose of such a document, first of all, should be the mechanism of implementation of previously adopted regulations, expanding access to environmental information of the population, including interaction between scientific and educational institutions, the introduction of modern advanced technologies. As already noted during the dissertation, the issue we are considering goes far beyond just environmental legislation, so it should also be noted that the necessary harmonization of legislation between other institutions of law – economic, civil, tax and more. In addition to the above, I would like to emphasize that the Law “On Environmental Protection, acting as the main legislative document in the field of environmental relations does not enshrine issues of innovation, environmental innovation.

STATISTICS OF INNOVATION IN INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT

Abstract. The article aims to substantiate the areas for improvement in the innovation statistics in Ukraine for information and analytical support of circular economy development. The lack of a measurement framework for the study of this model of economic development in Ukraine, as well as the understanding of the circular economy as a basis for the SDG implementation determine the relevance of the subject study. The authors focus on the following research questions: 1. To what extent are the indicators of SDG implementation in Ukraine related to the principles of the circular economy? 2. To what extent do Ukrainian innovation statistics assess the contribution of innovation activity to the development of a circular economy? 3. What statistical tools does the European Union use to measure the circular economy development and the impact of innovation on development progress? 4. What should be the system of indicators for the circular economy development in Ukraine and the contribution of innovation to this process? This study used systemic and comparative analysis to substantiate a set of indicators used to monitor the implementation of principles of a circular economy and the introduction of environmental innovations in Ukraine. According to our study of 183 indicators of implementing SDG in Ukraine, 28 of them are related to the principles of the circular economy, and most focus on such goals as «Responsible Production and Consumption», Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic growth. The selected indicators can be used as a database for monitoring the circular economy in Ukraine. However, the “blind spot” is the lack of indicators that measure progress of implementing the principle of reuse of resources, including secondary raw materials. In addition, there are no indicators in Ukrainian innovation statistics that measure the impact of innovation on the implementation of the principles of the closed-loop economy. A study of the EU’s experience shows that European statistics use three main tools to measure the circular economy development and innovation activity in this area: 1) Circular economy monitoring progress 2) European Innovation Scoreboard and Innovation Index 3) The Eco-Innovation Scoreboard and Eco- Innovation Index. Taking into account the European intent to integrate with Ukraine and the current state of Ukrainian statistical practice, the authors identify the following areas for its improvement: 1) the introduction of monitoring of the circular economy based on the selected indicators of the SDG and 2) expand the list of selected monitoring indicators by including indicators such as the use of circular materials and the level of recycling of various types of waste. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of a measurement framework that can be used as information and analytical support in governing the circular economy development in Ukraine. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals, circular economy principles, innovation statistics, environmental innovation, Innovation Index, Eco-Innovation Index, monitoring, Ukraine, European Union.

USING A VALUE APPROACH TO MANAGE INNOVATIVE PROJECTS

The use of knowledge base for the management of innovative projects and programs, based on a value-based approach to stimulate innovation in Ukraine, is considered. It was found that today there are well-tested and specific methodologies for managing innovation programs based on a project approach, but these schemes of innovation management activities do not consider the financing of innovations. The main vectors of innovation activity of domestic enterprises, the reasons for failure to bring new products to market have been studied and studied. The types of innovations for which innovative activity is carried out at IT enterprises are determined. In terms of innovation, almost complete lack of application of the project approach was revealed. It is emphasized that traditional project management methodologies based on value systems do not fully allow for effective management of innovative projects due to their significant complexity and risk. This necessitates the development of new approaches that take into account the specifics of complex innovative IT projects and development programs, their elements, characteristics and communication parameters. The issues of development and use of new models for management of innovative projects on the basis of the value approach are investigated. To do this, it is proposed to apply a model of scientific cooperation based on a commercial concession (franchise), based on maximizing values for all stakeholders of the project and program using a comprehensive systematic approach to determining the state of activity in an innovative project. A conceptual model of interaction with the external environment in the implementation of innovative projects is proposed. Based on this model and the scheme of innovation association, a mathematical model for determining the values for stakeholders of this project activity is proposed.

Технополіси як ефективна форма реалізації інноваційної діяльності

Abstract. Introduction. In modern conditions, characterized by rapid development of scientific and technological progress, active dissemination of information and telecommunications technologies, the gradual depletion of traditional resources, a key role is given to centers of mutually beneficial combination of science, education and industrial systems. Technopolises are considered to be the centers of concentration of the emergence and implementation of innovations and new technologies. In this regard, the study of the state of innovation activity and the formation of conceptual foundations for the functioning of technopolises is relevant and timely. Purpose. The aim of the study is to form a conceptual framework for the functioning of technopolises, which includes the theoretical basis and basic principles of the nature, purpose and main objectives of the studied category as part of the innovation infrastructure. The basis for the analysis was the statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work is a set of principles and methods of scientific research: the principle of systematization and theoretical generalization, methods of comparative analysis. Results. The analysis of indicators characterizing innovation activity is carried out, which allows to identify the main barriers to the development of innovation in Ukraine. The development of innovation infrastructure as a component of the innovation system is considered. Approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of technopolis as an effective organizational form of innovative development and implementation of innovative activities are generalized. Conceptual bases of functioning of technopolises are formed. According to the concept, the features of technopolises are singled out, as well as their dimensions. Priority directions for the development of innovation infrastructure with the use of mechanisms for the functioning of technopolises as elements of high-tech innovation economy are identified. Conclusions. Technopolises and innovation structures of other types play an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of innovation in the country. The analysis of statistical data shows the negative dynamics of indicators that characterize innovation. Today in Ukraine it is necessary to improve institutions, including the political, regulatory and business environment, to develop infrastructure, to use the mechanisms of functioning of technopolises as elements of high-tech innovation economy.

CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE MODEL FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF DECENTRALIZATION

Abstract. The article proposes scientific and methodological provisions for formation of the management model for innovative development of the economy of Ukraine on the basis of the general concept of socio-economic systems, taking into consideration the prerequisites and principles of a single system for implementing the goals of the model. Such a model includes the concept of innovative development, innovation strategies, innovation policy, and the mechanisms for innovative development management. It has been established that the formation of an effective management model of innovative development of the economy of Ukraine on the basis of adaptability and ability to provide a synergistic effect is possible provided striking the balance between the components with different potentials with a focus on natural potential. It has been identified the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the management model for innovative development of the economy of Ukraine, which characterize the achievement by the country of a certain level of equipment and technology, the level of economic growth, welfare, and health of the population, intellectualization of society, environmental and economic security, etc. Further stages of decentralization in Ukraine and its impact on the economic development have been identified as follows: 1) deconcentration of power and resources; 2) adherence to the principles of the devolution of power; 3) power and resources will be distributed between traditional public authorities (state and self-governing) and market and public structures; 4) introduction of the newest models of public management of the economy. The priority tasks and features of the management model for innovative development of the economy of Ukraine in the context of decentralization are: 1) need to conduct research that will promote the use of opportunities for the progressive development of genetic research, combining an effective management system and technologies that complement the relevant achievements of genetics; 2) reducing the time for funding research, adapting the positive experience of highly developed countries; 3) formation of organizational and institutional structure aimed at simplifying the process of formation and implementation of economic innovations in Ukraine. Keywords: innovations, economy, management, innovation potential, development, model, competitiveness, decentralization. JEL Classification О10 Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 13.