Reduction of number and aging of the population causes the necessity of stu- dying of trends and regularities of the movement of various age groups of the population, in relation to zone conditions of the region – as favorable for accommodation and farming, and in severe conditions, with the droughty and semidesertic steppe. Results of the analysis of structure of age groups in the total number of the population on the Russian Federation, the Volga Federal Dist- rict (VFD) and the Saratov region are presented in article. Calculations of indicators and dyna- mics of demographic and pension burden, potential load of working-age population for rural territories of Right-bank and Left-bank areas and area in general are executed. Demographic indicators of rural territories of the Saratov region show the steady growth of the population of advanced age and decrease in number of younger and able-bodied age. Increase in population is more senior than working-age can demonstrate improvement of medical care, ecology, climate and conditions for accommodation. Increase in number of elderly people in the village at the small number of children is a negative factor, confirming outflow of youth from the region. But, judging by a share of growth of youth in structure of the population, especially in Left-bank areas, quite reasonably to believe that extinction does not threaten the village. Also the shortcoming of workers for agrarian economy, experts and workers of the social sphere of the village since the number of toilers will be reduced further in connection with modernization of agricultu- ral production does not threaten in the long term. In this regard a strategic task on prospect will be carrying out structural and functional transformations of rural territories, and also need of creation of other sources of earnings for rural areas. Considering the concept of «Silver economy» in the Western community, the trends promoting improvement of quality of life of the population are noted, and authors consider one of the main results and innovations growth of number of jobs and satisfaction of the growing number of requirements of the new market of services for elderly people, and also development of actions for support of active and healthy aging, emergence and readiness of acceptance of new products and services which will allow to increase employment rate of elderly people in the village.