Initial Ability Research Articles

Efektivitas Metode Quantum Learning dalam Mengajarkan Al-Qur'an dan Hadits kepada Murid SDN 249/Vi Rawa Jaya

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Quantum Learning method in teaching Al-Qur'an and Hadith at SDN 249/VI Rawa Jaya. The background of this research lies in the need for innovation in Islamic education to improve students' understanding, motivation, and engagement. Quantum Learning offers an interactive, creative, and enjoyable approach, making it relevant to address challenges in conventional learning, such as low student interest and difficulties in understanding the material. The study uses a quantitative descriptive method with a quasi-experimental design approach. The research subjects were students of SDN 249/VI Rawa Jaya selected purposively. Data was collected through learning outcome tests, questionnaires, observations, and documentation. A pre-test was conducted to measure students' initial abilities, while a post-test assessed the effectiveness of the Quantum Learning method. Questionnaires were distributed to gather students’ responses to the method, while observations recorded students’ activities and engagement during the learning process. The results showed a significant improvement in students' post-test scores after implementing the Quantum Learning method. The average scores of students increased significantly compared to their pre-test results. Moreover, students responded positively to the method, expressing that the learning process became more engaging, easier to understand, and enjoyable. Observations revealed that the method successfully created an interactive learning environment, where students actively participated in group discussions, educational games, and visually-based activities. Inferential analysis using the t-test demonstrated that the Quantum Learning method had a significant impact on students’ learning outcomes. The method not only enhanced students' cognitive understanding but also positively influenced their affective aspects, such as motivation and confidence in studying Al-Qur'an and Hadith. In conclusion, the Quantum Learning method is proven effective in improving students’ learning outcomes at SDN 249/VI Rawa Jaya. However, the study identified some challenges, such as limited time and the need for teacher training to optimize the method. It is recommended that schools support the implementation of this method by allocating sufficient time, providing teacher training, and developing adequate learning facilities. This research is expected to serve as a reference for developing more effective and innovative Islamic education methods at the elementary school level.

Exploring Mathematics’ Teacher Knowledge and Challenges in Curriculum Change Implementation: Case Study in Indonesia

The Merdeka Curriculum, the national curriculum of Indonesia has been implemented for 2 years. Qualitative phenomenological research was conducted to explore teachers' knowledge of the Merdeka Curriculum, its implementation, and the challenges faced and strategies to overcome them. The number of informants was 9, consisting of 3 respondents each from the Independently Sharing (IS), Independently Changing (IC), and Independently Learning (IL) schools selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews, observations, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with open-ended questions related to teachers' knowledge, implementation, challenges and strategies for implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. Observations were made on the implementation of learning, while documentation was on teaching modules and assessment instruments. The study found that teachers were aware of the changes in the Merdeka Curriculum from the previous curriculum. Teachers from IS schools have been able to design independent learning tools, implement project-based learning, differentiate, integrate with the Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5), and conduct assessments in various forms. However, teachers from IC and IL schools are still adopting teaching modules from the government. Besides, teachers from IL schools have not been able to carry out diagnostic assessments. Challenges in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum include organizing materials, diverse initial abilities of students, many teacher assignments outside of teaching hours, and lack of facilities and infrastructure. Strategies to overcome these challenges include collaborating available sources with information from the internet, providing matriculation for students with low abilities, providing structured assignments, and scheduling facilities and infrastructure utilization.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN METODE STRUKTURAL ANALITIK SINTETIK (SAS) BAGI ANAK BERKESULITAN MEMBACA DI KELAS II UPTD SD INPRES RSS OESAPA KOTA KUPANG.

The results of research by Anirwati Asbanu, Nim 200114008 with the title "Improving students' initial reading skills through the application of the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method for children with reading difficulties in class 2 UPTD SD Inpres RSS Oesapa, Kupang City." The problem of this research is whether the application of the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method can improve the beginning reading ability of grade 2 students at UPTD SD Inpres RSS Oesapa? "The aim of this research is to improve the beginning reading skills of grade 2 students at UPTD SD Inpres RSS Oesapa through the application of the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method." This type of research uses classroom action research (PTK) through several stages, namely: Planning, Implementation, Observation and Reflection. The subjects of this research were 30 students of class IIC UPTD SD Inpres RSS Oesapa, Kupang City. Data collection was carried out using observation, test and documentation techniques. The research results showed that of the 30 students who completed cycle I, there were 13 students (43.33%) because they were able to read well, while 17 students (56.77%) did not complete because they still needed guidance in initial reading. Furthermore, in cycle II of the 30 students, 26 students (86.66%) completed it because they had read well, while 4 students (13.33%) did not complete it because they still needed guidance. The results of the research showed that the application of the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method ) can improve students' initial reading abilities

The Effect of Using Picture Word Card Media on the Beginning Reading Ability of Class 1 Students at SDN Inpres 2 Tangga

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of using picture word card media on the initial reading ability of class I students at SDN Inpres 2 Tangga. This type of research is experimental research, the research design used is Pre_Experimental Design with the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design model. The data collection techniques used in this research are tests, observation and documentation. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The subjects in this research were class I students at SDN Inpres 2 Tangga, totaling 14 students consisting of 10 boys and 4 girls. The research results show that the average pretest score is 45.3571 and the average posttest score is 69.6429. This shows that there is an influence on the initial reading ability of class I students at SDN Inpres 2 Tangga and the results of the Paired Sample hypothesis test show that the significance value of 0.001 is smaller than 0.05, so Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. "There is an influence of the use of picture word cards on ability beginning reading for class I students at SDN Inpres 2 Tangga."

A ARGUMENTAÇÃO EM DIAGRAMAS HEURÍSTICOS ELABORADOS POR GRADUANDOS EM QUÍMICA A PARTIR DA RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS DE CARÁTER EXPERIMENTAL

THE ARGUMENTATION IN HEURISTIC DIAGRAMS DEVELOPED BY CHEMISTRY STUDENTS BASED ON THE RESOLUTION OF EXPERIMENTAL PROBLEMS. The ability to argue is essential for the education of students, as it is fundamental to the presentation of ideas on a given topic. Several methods have been proposed in studies that support the development of argumentation in different teaching contexts, such as the heuristic diagram. It allows the organization and recording of activities that enable critical reflection through the analysis of the language used to express ideas. In this perspective, the diagrams produced for solving problems in an experimental chemistry subject offered in an undergraduate chemistry course were analyzed. Toulmin’s argument pattern was used as a basis to identify the structure of the arguments produced, and then, the quality of the arguments was evaluated. The results of the analysis showed a principle of progress in the argumentative capacity of undergraduates with the development of activities, verified by the presence of elements in students’ texts that, when present, validate an argument. Thus, the results can contribute to other researches in the field of chemical education by favoring a teaching process that considers the development of initial argumentative ability in the formation of students.

Students' Metacognition in Solving HOTS Questions in the Context of the Flag Ceremony Yard Based on Initial Mathematical Abilities

This study aims to determine the ability of metacognition in solving HOTS problems in the context of problem related to activities in the context of the flag ceremony yard in solving problems based on initial mathematics ability. This research approach was descriptive qualitative involving 3 students as research subjects who were selected based on high, medium, and low initial mathematics abilities. The data were validated by using method triangulation techniques, namely tests and interviews. The results showed that students with high initial mathematics ability showed good metacognition skills in solving HOTS problems in planning, monitoring, and evaluating activities. However, they still need to improve their ability to evaluate the repair strategy if there is an error. Students with medium initial mathematical ability showed good metacognition skills in several aspects but needed to improve some aspects. Students with moderate mathematics ability have a good basic understanding of metacognition in planning activities. However, they need to improve their metacognition skills in monitoring and evaluating when solving HOTS problems. Meanwhile, students with low initial mathematical ability show limitations in utilizing metacognition skills in planning, monitoring, and evaluating activities, as a result, students experience difficulties in solving problems. So, teachers need to design teaching materials that can improve students' mathematical abilities and metacognition.

EFFECTIVENESS OF ACTIVE LEARNING MODEL THREE STAGE FISHBOWL DECISION TYPE TOWARDS LEARNING INDEPENDENCE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING

Social studies is still considered a boring subject, which has an impact on students' low learning independence. Weak learning independence in students is caused by the learning models applied by educators which are less varied, thus affecting the desire to learn, sense of responsibility, self-confidence and initiative to take part in lessons. One effort to overcome this problem requires innovation and new breakthroughs in packaging or delivering social studies subject matter to students so that learning activities become more effective, one of which is by using active learning type three stage fishbowl decision. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of active learning with the three stage fishbowl decision type on the learning independence of junior high school students in social studies learning and to determine the increase in learning independence among students with the active learning model with the three stage fishbowl decision type. This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method with a non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. The population of this research was class VIII students at SMPN 3 Garut. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique with 1 experimental class and 1 control class. The instruments used in this research were test question sheets, observation sheets, and questionnaires. Based on the results of the research conducted, the initial abilities of the two groups resulted in the same abilities. Meanwhile, for the final test results, the Asymp.Sig.2-tailed value was 0.000 and α was 0.05, meaning 0.000 < 0.05, so the HO was rejected. It can be concluded that there are significant differences or learning using an effective model to apply. Students' independent learning towards the three stage fishbowl decision type active learning model used in the experimental class produced a very good response. Increased learning independence of students in each indicator amounted to 1046 Desire/desire to learn, 905 initiative, 888 self-confidence, and 615 responsibility very well.

The Effect of Learning Media About Healthy Snacks on Students' Knowledge and Attitudes At SDN 38 Bora, Palopo City in 2024

Background: Elementary school students have limited knowledge about healthy food, and the benefits of choosing healthy snacks. They do not understand the nutritional value of various types of food or the impact of consuming unhealthy snacks on their health. Students are often exposed to unhealthy snacks around them, such as fast food, snacks and sodas, and other less nutritious snacks. Objective: This study aims to encourage changes in students' knowledge and consumption attitudes, namely replacing unhealthy snacks with healthy snacks that are beneficial to their health. Method: This study uses a pre-experimental method, with a One Group Pre Post Test design to measure students' initial abilities before and after participating in learning activities. The population of this study was all students of SDN 38 Bora, Palopo City in 2024, totaling 151 students. The sampling method used was the Cluster Random Sampling Technique as a sampling technique, because the population was quite large, and this sampling technique is often used in various studies in the health sector, 21 respondents were obtained. Results: The study showed that the average knowledge before and after was 5.90 while the average attitude before and after was 27.76, the knowledge value p value = 0.000 ≤ 0.05 then H0 was rejected using a 95% confidence level. While the attitude value p value = 0.001 <0.05. Conclusion: there is an influence of the use of Video Learning Media on knowledge and attitudes about healthy snacks for students of SDN 38 Bora, Palopo City.

Game-based physical education learning to improve basic manipulative movement skills in primary school children

Physical education plays an important role in the development of children's motor skills, especially at primary school age. Basic manipulative movement exercises that focus on object manipulation, ball games and other games can accelerate the development of hand-eye coordination and gross motor skills. This study aims to develop and implement an effective game-based physical education learning model to improve the basic manipulative movement skills of primary school children. The type of research used is pre-experimental research, one group pre-test post-test design. The study population consisted of students aged 9-10 years of grade 4 in Palembang City, with a sample of grade 4A total 25 students who participated in game-based learning for 8 sessions. The results of this study indicate that the use of the game model in learning has a significant effect on the improvement of learners' manipulative movement skills. Educators and coaches are advised to use the game model as the main tool in children's motor development, with adaptations based on learners' initial abilities.

Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension by Using Integrated Multimedia in MAN 1 Bandar Lampung

This study examined the impact of integrated multimedia instruction on students’ reading comprehension achievement compared with the traditional print-based instruction. This research applied a quasi-experimental design involving two groups: experimental and control. In this experiment, there were 38 students assigned to the experimental group and 37 in the control group from 12th graders at MAN 1 Bandar Lampung. The experimental group received instruction that integrated text, picture, audio, video, and an interactive quiz in a single web post, whereas the control group used print-based instruction. Pre-test results showed relatively equal initial abilities with mean scores of 62.7 and 60.0 respectively for the experimental and control group, t = 0.697, p = 0.488. In comparison, after treatment, the average post-test score in the experimental group is remarkably higher at 83.3, while that of the control group is a mere 70.3, with t = 6.784; p-value = 4.38 × 10⁻⁹. This confirms that integrated multimedia instruction significantly improves students’ reading comprehension as compared to the print-based one. Integrating multiple media into a single web post tends to be more effective in bringing improvement to students’ reading achievement. This finding gives educators valued information on how to better use multimedia tools in order to improve reading instruction outcomes.

Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Pendekatan Saintifik di Kelas XI MAN Pangkep dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar

This pre-experimental study aims to determine the effectiveness of a problem-based learning model with a scientific approach for students in the XI IPA class at MAN Pangkep, specifically focusing on the topic of buffer solutions to improve learning outcomes. The effectiveness of the learning process is assessed through pretest and posttest results. A learning outcome test was developed with 25 items, which were validated, resulting in 20 selected items. This test was administered as a pretest during the first meeting to assess the students' initial abilities. Following this, a learning process utilizing the problem-based learning model with a scientific approach was implemented, culminating in a posttest during the final meeting. Additionally, data on student and teacher activity during the learning process were collected. The data obtained from the pretest and posttest were analyzed descriptively using the g-factor formula (N-Gain). The results indicate that the problem-based learning model with a scientific approach is effective for XI IPA students at MAN Pangkep regarding the topic of buffer solutions. This is evidenced by an average gain score of 0.47 in the moderate category, along with an average student activity rate of 61.99% and a teacher activity rate of 88.89%.

WORKSHOP PENGEMBANGAN ASESMEN NUMERASI BERBASIS HIERARCHICALCONTENT DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI SDN 2 DAREK LOMBOK TENGAH

Numeracy is an important component in mathematics learning today, especially in the Independent Curriculum. Numeracy abilities include a person's knowledge and skills in using basic mathematical concepts in order to solve appropriate contextual problems. Based on the investigation, it is known that SDN 2 Darek still has a red report card (not yet achieved) in the numeracy domain. The teachers at SDN 2 Darek are still in the learning process in implementing differentiated learning, especially in mathematics learning. Teachers have not been able to develop a numeracy evaluation instrument that can provide an initial picture of student abilities and student learning needs. Based on the analysis of situations and problems, the aim of this service is to provide understanding and improve teachers' skills in compiling appropriate numeracy test instruments to detect students' initial difficulties and abilities by holding a hierarchical content-based assessment development workshop in the independent curriculum for elementary school students. The workshop material provided to SDN 2 Darek teachers includes the following things, namely: 1) assessment concepts in the independent curriculum, 2) numeracy assessments and their follow-up, 3) preparation of numeracy assessments based on hierarchical content. The stages in this workshop activity are starting from the preliminary study (coordination stage), preparation stage, implementation stage and evaluation and reporting stage. This workshop activity was carried out at SDN 2 Darek Central Lombok on August 21 2024. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, there was an increase in the understanding of the workshop participant teachers regarding the concept of assessment in the Merdeka curriculum and based on the results of the participants' responses to the workshop activities carried out, the average teacher gave positive responses.

The Impact of Using DUOLINGO Application on Students' English Learning Motivation

The application of technology in English language education is increasingly widespread, one of which is through the Duolingo app. This study aims to evaluate the impact of using the Duolingo app on students' motivation in learning English as well as identify the specific factors that contribute to such motivation. The research method used was a mixed approach, combining quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data was collected through a structured questionnaire with a Likert scale to measure students' motivation and contributing factors. Qualitative data was obtained through focus group discussions (FGDs) to explore students' experiences and perceptions in depth. The results showed that the Duolingo app significantly increased students' motivation in learning English. Findings from the questionnaire indicated that 53.3% of respondents strongly agreed that Duolingo was effective in increasing their motivation, while 46.7% agreed with the statement. The focus group discussion corroborated these findings by emphasising the role of gamification features, such as points and badges, as well as self-paced learning features in making the learning process more enjoyable and improving English confidence and comprehension. The findings are consistent with previous research highlighting the effectiveness of gamification and self-paced learning features and make a novel contribution by exploring the overall impact of different app features. Limitations of this study include the limited sample size and reliance on self-report data, which may affect the generalisability of the results. Future research is recommended to use a larger and more diverse sample and more varied data collection methods, including direct observation and in-depth interviews. Future research could also explore the long-term effects of using Duolingo and the differences in its impact based on students' educational background or initial ability level. It is hoped that these recommendations will provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of this app in the broader context of English language education.

Pembinaan Siswa untuk Meningkatkan Kemahiran Membaca Al-Qur'an dengan Metode Tilawati di SD IT Al-Qonita

The challenge in learning the Al-Quran at SD IT Al-Qonita is the difference in the background of students' initial abilities in reading the Al-Quran which causes a gap in abilities between students. This affects the effectiveness of learning, where some students need more time and assistance to achieve basic competency in reading the Al-Qur'an. This research aims to evaluate the implementation of the Tilawati method at SD IT Al-Qonita, identify the obstacles faced, and provide strategic recommendations to increase learning effectiveness. This research uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The results of this research show that after carrying out Al-Quran reading guidance for students at Al-Qonita IT Elementary School, Palangkaraya City, they succeeded in increasing the students' ability to read the Al-Quran well and correctly more evenly. This program not only teaches how to read the Al-Quran, but also fosters students' interest and motivation to continue learning and practicing reading the Al-Qur'an in everyday life both at school and at home. The application of the Tilawati method in Al-Qur'an reading training at SD IT Al-Qonita has proven effective in improving the quality of learning.

Analysis of Students' Initial Ability in Biopolymer Material

Analysis of Students' Initial Ability in Biopolymer Material

First report of leaf blight of Avena strigosa caused by Pyrenophora avenicola in Japan.

Black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) is used as a cereal crop, forage crop or green manure in temperate regions. In Japan, it is mainly cultivated in Hokkaido island and, because of the vigorous initial growth and ability to suppress the proliferation of plant pathogenic nematodes (Uesugi et al. 2018), its use is recently increasing. In November 2021, a leaf spot and blight disease was observed in the grass cultivated in Kitahiroshima city (N43°0, E141°31). At first, blackish brown spindle-shaped or elliptical lesions, about 3 to 5 × 1 to 2 mm were formed on leaves, and they expanded by forming yellowish-brown halos around them, eventually resulting in leaf blight later on (Fig.1), damaging 5-10 % of leaf area, varied by cultivar. The lesions were excised, surface-sterilized, and incubated on water agar under near-UV light. Three single-spore isolates of Pyrenophora-like fungus were obtained from the lesions and deposited at the NIAS Genebank, Japan (https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php) as MAFF511692, 511693 and 511694. The sequences of ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and its internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and the gpd sequences of the isolates were analyzed as described by Marin-Felix et al. 2019. The rDNA-ITS sequences (GenBank accession no. LC769170, LC769171 and LC769172) of the isolates matched with that of the ex-type strain of Pyrenophora avenicola (MK539972) isolated from Avena seed. The sequences of the gpd (accession no. LC795722, LC795723 and LC795724) matched well with that of the ex-type strain (MK540180). Conidiophores of the isolates were septate, straight or flexuous, pale brown to olivaceous brown, 81.4 to 125.7 × 4.2 to 6.5 (ave. 106.4×5.7µm, n=50) µm, with hyaline vegetative hyphae (Fig.2). Conidia were slightly verrucose, cylindrical to obclavate, pale brown to olivaceous brown, 42.2 to 78.5 × 9.0 to 13.3 µm (ave. 56.9 ×10.4µm, n =50) and 2 to 7 distoseptate. This description overlap with the original description of P. avenicolai (Marin-Felix et al. 2019) and the leaf spot pathogen of Avena sativa reported in China (Chen et al. 2022). The fungus was identified as P. avenicola on the basis of morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis. To produce inoculum, the isolate MAFF511692 was grown on V8 juice agar at 25°C under near-UV light for 7 days. Five plants each of cv. 'Soil saver', 'New oats' of A. strigosa (Kaneko seeds co.) and 'New almighty' of A. sativa (Snow brand seed co.) were grown in a greenhouse for approximately 14 days and then inoculated by atomizing them with the conidial suspension (104 conidia/ml) at the five-leaf stage. Five plants of each cultivar sprayed with sterilized distilled water served as the control. Inoculated plants were covered with plastic bags for 24 h at 25°C. After 5 days, blackish brown elliptical lesions developed on the leaves of all inoculated plants of both cultivars of A. strigosa (Fig. 3) and A. sativa, implying broad pathogenicity of the fungus to species and cultivars of Avena plants. Halo was not observed, maybe due to fewer stress in the greenhouse environment. Controls remained asymptomatic. The produced lesions were incubated as described above and the reisolated fungus was identified as P. avenicola based on the morphology, confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf blight caused by P. avenicola on black oat in Japan.

Critical Thinking Abilities Students Solving Social Arithmetic Numeracy Problems Based On Initial Mathematics Proficiency

This study aims to present the results of the analysis of critical thinking skills of students with low, medium, and high initial abilities in solving social arithmetic numeracy problems and to determine the critical thinking skills of students in each critical thinking indikator. Critical thinking ability is an important skill that students must have to evaluate information, make rational decisions, and solve problems effectively. Students trained in critical thinking have the ability to face problems, examine them, and find appropriate solutions. This research is qualitative research with descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were seventh grade junior high school students in Surakarta. Data were colleccted through written tests, student interviews, and observations. The results and conclusion of this study indicate that students’mathematical critical thonking skills on social arithmetics material in terms of initial ability are still relatively low, from the results of the analysis based on the four critical thinking indicators that are the reference in this study students tend not to be able to fulfill the four critical thinking indicators.

The Influence of The PjBL vs Direct Instructional Model and Initial Ability on Knowledge and Skills

The objectives of this development are to (1) To examine differences Model Project Based Learning (PjBL) and initial ability to learn knowledge and skills in economics subjects. This experimental research was carried out using a Factorial 2 x 2 with multivariant analysis technique (Anonymous). The subjects in this study are grade XI students consisting of four classes with 130 students SMA Negeri 1 Ketapang. The subjects that were the focus of the experiment were taken at classical randomization, namely four classes of ABCD from SMA Negeri 1 Ketapang. The hypothesis of this study was tested using a statistical test analisis multivariant (Anonymous). The results of the calculation show that: (1) There is a difference Knowledge students who use model PjBL and methods direct instruction, (2) There is a difference Knowledge students who have Initial abilities tall and who has Initial abilities low, (3) There is an interaction between model PjBL and methods direct instruction with Initial abilities against Knowledge, (4) There is a difference Skills students who use model PjBL and methods direct instruction, (5) There is a difference Skills students who have Initial abilities tall and who has Initial abilities low, (6) There is an interaction between model PjBL and methods direct instruction with Initial abilities against Skills in grade XI students SMA Negeri 1 Ketapang. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that by using model PjBL and Initial abilities can improve Knowledge and Skills students in Economics class XI SMA Negeri 1 Ketapang.

Pengaruh Pop Up Book terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan pada Peserta Didik Usia Sekolah Dasar

This research is entitled "Influence Pop Up Book on Beginning Reading Ability in Elementary School Age Students”. This research was conducted to determine the effect of pop up book on the initial reading ability of elementary school age students. This research is quantitative research with a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental research design with non equivalent control group design. The population in this study were class I MIN 2 South Labuhanbatu students. The samples in this research were taken using techniques purposive sampling as many as two classes, namely class I-A with 26 students, are taught using media pop up book as an experimental class while class I-B with 26 students was taught using conventional learning as a control class. The data was analyzed using a normality test, a homogeneity test to determine whether the data for the two samples were normally and homogeneously distributed, then a t test to determine the effect of learning media on students' initial reading ability with the help of the SPSS 20 application. The results of data analysis showed that the sig. (2-tailed) is 0.001 0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, indicating that there is an influence pop up book on the initial reading ability of elementary school age students in class I MIN 2 South Labuhanbatu.

PENGEMBANGAN MICROLEARNING VIDEO 360° PADA FENOMENA EFEK FOTOLISTRIK

This research aims to develop a 360° microlearning video in a modern physics course on the phenomenon of the photoelectric effect. The research uses the R&D method with the ASSURE development model which consists of (1) Analyze Learners, (2) State Standars and Objectives, (3) Select Methods, Media and Materials, (4) Utilize Technology, Media, and Materials, (5) Require Learner Participation, (6) Evaluate and Revise. However, in this study, it was carried out only up to the Utilize Technology, Media, and Materials stage. Data collection was carried out using instruments in the form of a questionnaire of initial abilities, student characteristics, interviews, and documentation to students of physics education and physics study programs at the State University of Jakarta. The results of this development research were carried out product feasibility testing by experts, namely media experts obtained a percentage achievement of 87.5% with a very feasible interpretation and material experts obtained a percentage achievement of 93.8% with a very feasible interpretation. The results of the feasibility test by experts show that the 360° video microlearning developed is very feasible to be tested on students. The final product of this research is a 360° video as a medium in accordance with the predetermined learning design. This product is published through the YouTube platform to be easily accessed by students.