Initial Workshop Research Articles

Ping pong for health: the meaning of space in a sport based health intervention at the workplace

ABSTRACT Purpose: This is a study on a sport-based intervention, with a focus on physical activity, social relations, and learning, to promote health and well-being in the workplace lived space. Lived space is situated and associated with social and cultural conventions which affect the quality of the perceived space at work. The aim of the paper is to elucidate the participant’s experiences of the intervention and how health and well-being were affected. Methods: The intervention was conducted with employees from the warehouse of a company within the retail sector. The design consisted of one initial workshop as a baseline, a sport-based intervention, three group interviews, and a final workshop. A hermeneutic phenomenological analysis focused on experiences of the intervention and the meaning of the workplace as the lived space. Results: Three themes emerged in the analysis; Expressing positive individual effects, Expressing improved work environment and The meaning of the workplace as lived space. The themes are discussed in relation to three basic health foci: physical activity, social relations and learning. Conclusion: The workplace as a lived space offers a valuable opportunity for sport-based interventions that improve health and well-being through physical activity, social relations, and learning.

Group mentoring and leadership growth in behavioral medicine.

Since its inception in 2016, the establishment of learning communities led by senior Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) members has been central to the SBM's Mid-Career Leadership Institute (Institute). At the beginning of an initial two-day intensive workshop, groups of approximately six fellows are placed together, and one or two senior SBM members are asked to lead group mentoring. Senior SBM members serve as mentors during quarterly calls that are conducted over the year in order for group members to develop and present an individual leadership project at the following annual meeting. Group mentoring relies on the social dynamic that emerges from the group's own social norms and roles; it is designed to advance the careers of group members. To our knowledge, this is the first commentary describing a program of formal group mentoring for mid-career leadership development in a professional association. Based on the authors' experience as mentors, thematic and descriptive analyses of the initial workshop evaluations, and contemporaneous notes, we discuss the structure, process, and project outcomes of the formal group mentoring in SBM's Institute. Early process evaluation of the Institute suggests that the Fellows benefitted from the group mentoring experience.

First plant cell atlas workshop report.

The societal challenges posed by a growing human population and climate change necessitate technical advances in plant science. Plant research makes vital contributions to society by advancing technologies that improve agricultural food production, biological energy capture and conversion, and human health. However, the plant biology community lacks a comprehensive understanding of molecular machinery, including their locations within cells, distributions and variations among different cell types, and real‐time dynamics. Fortunately, rapid advances in molecular methods, imaging, proteomics, and metabolomics made in the last decade afford unprecedented opportunities to develop a molecular‐level map of plant cells with high temporal and spatial resolution. The Plant Cell Atlas (PCA) initiative aims to generate a resource that will provide fresh insight into poorly understood aspects of plant cell structure and organization and enable the discovery of new cellular compartments and features. The PCA will be a community resource (www.plantcellatlas.org/) that describes the state of various plant cell types and integrates high‐resolution spatio‐temporal information of nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites within plant cells. This first PCA initiative workshop convened scientists passionate about developing a comprehensive PCA to brainstorm about the state of the field, recent advances, the development of tools, and the future directions of this initiative. The workshop featured invited talks to share initial data, along with broader ideas for the PCA. Additionally, breakout sessions were organized around topics including the conceptual goals of the PCA, technical challenges, and community wants and needs. These activities connected scientists with diverse expertise and sparked important discussions about how to leverage and extend leading‐edge technologies and develop new techniques. A major outcome of the workshop was that the community wishes to redefine concepts of plant cell types and tissues quantitatively. A long‐term goal is to delineate all molecules within the cell at high spatio‐temporal resolution, obtain information about interacting molecular networks, and identify the contribution of these networks to development of the organism as a whole. As a first step, we wish to create comprehensive cellular and subcellular biomolecular maps of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites, track the dynamic interactions of these molecules intra‐ and intercellularly, discern complete states and transitions of specialized cell types, and integrate these disparate data points to generate testable models of cellular function. Ultimately, the PCA initiative will have a substantial positive impact by empowering a broad, diverse group of scientists to forge exciting paths in the field of plant science, facilitating connections with interested stakeholders beyond the scientific community, and enabling new agricultural technologies for a sustainable future.

Maternal mental health and partner delivered massage: a pilot study

Abstract Background Mental health problems place a significant burden on the health system and are an important public health issue. Many pregnant women experience anxiety and depression, which can negatively impact health outcomes for both mother and baby. Partner-delivered massage may provide a cost effective and accessible approach to support the mental wellbeing of pregnant women. Methods A feasibility randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare partner-delivered relaxation massage (intervention) with a self-directed stress management program (control), for pregnant women with mild anxiety. Women attended an initial workshop at 28-32 weeks gestation, followed by the completion of either the self-directed massage or stress management program. Qualitative feasibility and acceptability data (primary outcomes) were collected via online participant diaries and post-birth interviews. Anxiety, depression and stress symptoms (secondary outcomes) were assessed using the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results 14 women/partner dyads attended the partner- delivered massage group and 13 women attended the self-directed stress management group. Participants from both groups reported the programs were feasible and acceptable. Mean scores on all DASS-21 subscales significantly decreased over time in both the intervention and the control group. Conclusions The partner-delivered massage program was feasible and acceptable. Both programs decreased women's symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress, with no significant between-group differences identified. An adequately powered, experimental study is needed to determine the effectiveness of partner-delivered relaxation massage. Key messages Many women experience anxiety and depression during pregnancy and this can have a negative impact on both mother and baby. Partner-delivered relaxation massage, at least once a week in the third trimester, may help reduce women’s symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress.

Teachers’ Lived-Experience in a Dual High-stakes Examination System

The process of preparing candidates for year-end high-stakes examination is a daunting task for teachers. This paper reports on three teachers’ experience of teaching students to sit for the standardised national English exam and IGCSE English, both from two different curricula. The findings from the qualitative case study revealed that the initial workshops that they had attended did not adequately prepare them to teach the new course. However, after a prolonged period of teaching high-stake exam classes, they overcame the confusion and could differentiate the nuanced differences in the syllabus requirements, test formats and contents. The teachers’ initial experiences showed that they relied on the “takeaway” materials provided during the workshops but became more independent in sourcing for materials that could be used for either or both the courses simultaneously. They also transferred their existing knowledge from one course to the other and focused on what was important to answer exam questions. Their teaching approach and practices were aligned to the high-stakes exams. The findings underline the complexities of teachers’ lived experience in high-stakes exam environment, and how they juggle with both curricula needs. Therefore, guidelines and continuous support should be offered to ensure sustainability of quality teaching experience.

Retrieval practice facilitation of family psychoeducation in people with early psychosis

BackgroundProviding early psychosis (EP) individuals with family psychoeducation (FPE) can reduce symptoms and improve clinical outcomes. However, relational memory problems may limit prospective utilization of FPE information. This study examines whether memory for FPE can be improved by testing participants during the initial FPE workshop presentation. MethodData were obtained from 20 people with EP and 20 demographically matched healthy comparison subjects (HC). During session one, FPE was presented in small group workshops, with half of the information re-studied twice (re-study condition) and the remaining information tested twice using cued recall tasks (retrieval practice condition). One week later (session two), delayed cued recall was tested for all FPE information. “Testing effects” (i.e., better memory following retrieval practice versus re-study) were examined across all items (standard analysis) and also limited to items successfully retrieved during session one (conditionalized analysis). ResultsHC had better initial recall and learned more over the two retrieval practice trials than EP. However, HC also lost more information than EP over the one-week delay. Both groups produced a significant testing effect. This effect was smaller in EP versus HC across all test items, but did not differ for the conditionalized analysis. Negative symptoms were inversely correlated with delayed cued recall in EP. ConclusionsEP participants benefit from retrieval practice, with participants with less severe negative symptoms showing the greatest benefit. These results encourage use of memory tests during group psychoeducation to improve subsequent long-term recall of clinically relevant information.

The circumstances of migrant families raising children with disabilities in five European countries: Updating knowledge and pursuing new research

In 2017, specialists in several fields (health, education, and social work) from five European countries (France, Georgia, Italy, Norway, and Switzerland) established a network to jointly pursue studies on migration and disability. An initial workshop provided an opportunity to discuss their previous individual work and to develop a comparative research project. This article presents the key aspects of the discussion and the resulting plans for collaborative study. First, migrant children with disabilities remain statistically invisible in some countries. Separate policies and systems address their needs as migrants and their needs as persons with disabilities. Second, in all countries covered by the research network, there is an important gap between legal norms and the circumstances of migrant families raising children with disabilities. The same holds true for collaboration between public agencies, or between those agencies and NGOs (serving persons with disabilities, migrants, and/or national minorities). Further comparative and cross-disciplinary study must focus on increasing the social participation of children with disabilities and their families through social, educational, and health interventions within an intercultural context.

Maternal mental health and partner-delivered massage: A pilot study

BackgroundAnxiety and depression affects many pregnant women. Massage may be beneficial for supporting mental wellbeing during this time. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a partner-delivered relaxation massage program for pregnant women, and its impact on symptoms of antenatal anxiety, stress and depression. MethodsA feasibility randomised controlled trial was conducted to compare partner-delivered relaxation massage (intervention) with self-directed stress management (control). Women attended an initial workshop at 28–32 weeks gestation followed by completion of a self-directed massage or stress management program. Qualitative data about the feasibility and acceptability (primary outcomes) were collected via online participant diaries and post-birth interviews. Anxiety, depression and stress symptoms (secondary outcomes) were assessed using the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Birth outcomes were collected at the post- birth interview. ResultsA total of 14 women/partner dyads in the massage group and 13 women in the self-directed stress management group, attended the initial workshops. When interviewed, participants from both groups reported that the programs were feasible and acceptable. Women’s mean scores on all subscales of the DASS-21significantly decreased over time in both the intervention and the control group. ConclusionPregnant women found the partner-delivered massage program to be feasible and acceptable. Both programs decreased women’s symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress with no significant differences identified between the two groups. An adequately powered experimental study with a large representative sample is needed to determine whether partner-delivered relaxation massage reduces pregnant women’s symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress.

Establishing international best practice principles for impact assessment teaching and training

ABSTRACT Best Practice Principles for Impact Assessment (IA) Teaching and Training were developed for the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA). Research conducted throughout 2018 and 2019 encompassed seven iterative steps: an initial practitioners workshop; comprehensive review of 40 years of literature on teaching IA; initial survey of teachers and trainers; follow-up interviews; development of draft set of principles; final survey of the importance of the draft principles to university teachers and professional development trainers in IA; and a final workshop at IAIA19. The resulting principles are grouped in relation to content (what is taught), pedagogy (how content is taught) and skills development. From 29 draft principles, those identified as ‘Extremely Important’ or Very Important’ (28 in total) in the final survey were included in the Principles published by IAIA. Differences in relative importance of the principles are apparent between teachers and trainers, reflecting their different teaching contexts and objectives. It is hoped that the principles can contribute to more consistent and more effective IA education, contributing in turn to improved IA practice.

European Paediatric Formulation Initiative workshop report: Improving the administration of oral liquid medicines in paediatrics using dosing syringes and enteral accessories

Accurate dosing of the right medicine to the right patient is a key element of safe and efficacious pharmacotherapy, yet prone to technical challenges and human error when dosing involves the administration of small volumes of liquid medicines. For this reason, the topic has gained increased attention over the last decade from multiple stakeholder parties e.g. academia, hospital pharmacy, the medical device and pharmaceutical industry, and regulatory agencies. It is now well acknowledged that spoons and cups are not suitable for the measurement of small volumes of oral liquid medicines and that syringes are a better alternative, but syringes for parenteral use should not be used for oral dosing in order to avoid accidental parenteral delivery of oral products. However, dosing accuracy of very small volumes of liquid medicines to young children, and especially pre-term neonates, is still not sufficiently ensured. A workshop was organised in 2018 by the European Paediatric Formulation Initiative to reflect on current status and challenges (first part) and possible strategies to improve the present situation (second part). A voting system (n = 24) was used to consider the most favourable solutions. The harmonisation and/or standardisation of the technical design of oral syringes (including e.g. female/male connection) was considered a key priority.

INTRODUCTION

The collection of essays offered here – except the articles of Van den Heever and Mapfeka – was first presented at an international conference that was held in Stellenbosch during September 2019. The conference took place within the confines of a pilot project to establish a Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS) at Stellenbosch University. Scholars from various disciplines took part in this conference: Hebrew Bible, New Testament, Comparative Religious Studies, Education, and Qur’an / Arabic Studies. The conference aimed at exploring certain theoretical backgrounds, but also offered some practical reading exercises from the authoritative scriptural traditions from Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The contribution of Van den Heever responds to the theoretical underpinnings offered at the initial workshop in September 2018 where the proposed CIAS was first introduced. The papers being referred to by Van den Heever, were later published in Religion & Theology (volume 26 nrs. 1–2 of 2019).One further contribution offered here (that of TK Mapfeka) reports on the results of a small empirical pilot project that was conducted during the international conference in September 2019. It forms part of the postdoctoral research on the topic of interreligious hermeneutics which was supposed to be developed further during 2020. Unfortunately, the Covid-19 crisis also impacted heavily on this empirical project, and the data gathering in the main project could nog be completed.

Gigabit broadband measurement workshop report

On July 24-25, 2018, MIT hosted an invitation-only workshop for network researchers from academia, industry, and the policy community engaged in the design and operation of test schemes to measure broadband access, in order to address the measurement challenges associated with highspeed (gigabit) broadband Internet access services. The focus of the workshop was on assessing the current state-of-the-art in gigabit broadband measurement tools and practices, the technical and policy challenges that arise, and possible strategies for addressing these challenges. A goal of this initial workshop was to provide a level-setting and networking opportunity among representatives of many of the leading research and operational efforts within academia, industry, and the government to collect, analyze, and make use of broadband and Internet performance measurement data and in the design of the measurement methods and tools.

Designing Capacity-Building Supports to Promote Evidence-Based Programs in Community-Based Organizations Working with Underserved Populations

Designing Capacity-Building Supports to Promote Evidence-Based Programs in Community-Based Organizations Working with Underserved Populations Shoba Ramanadhan, ScD, MPH, David Aronstein, MSW, Vilma Martinez-Dominguez, Ziming Xuan, ScD, SM, MA, and K. Viswanath, PhD What Is the Purpose of this Study? • To use a community-based participatory research approach to design, deliver, and evaluate an intervention to build capacity in community-based organizations for the use of evidence-based programs. • To examine how engagement with the intervention (after the initial workshop) impacts the use of evidence-based programs in practice settings. What Is the Problem? • Community-based organizations often do not have the needed staff capacity to use evidence-based programs. (Evidence-based programs are health interventions that have been formally tested and found to be effective in improving health outcomes.) • Although the literature suggests that staff members need a range of supports (such as technical assistance or manuals) to be able to find, adapt, and implement evidence-based programs, it is not clear how best to design and deliver these supports. What Are the Findings? • A community-based participatory research partnership centered in Boston, Lawrence, and Worcester, Massachusetts, supported the design, delivery, and evaluation of a capacity-building intervention for practitioners in community-based organizations working with underserved communities. • There was limited practitioner engagement with ongoing capacity-building supports offered after the workshop, which included a web portal and other resources, networking events, minigrants, and technical assistance. • The use of additional capacity-building supports (particularly the web portal and minigrants) drove the use of an evidence-based program planning approach one year after the training. Who Should Care Most? • Researchers and funders should be aware that capacity-building interventions to support evidence-based programming are likely to have more impact if they include additional engagement opportunities beyond a workshop or static training. At the same time, practice constraints may make it difficult for staff of low-resource organizations to take full advantage of training opportunities. • Leaders of community-based organizations should be aware that additional investment of staff time for ongoing training opportunities may yield greater impact for staff members. [End Page 141] • Additional participatory research will be important to refine capacity-building interventions to fit both the needs and constraints of staff of community-based organizations as they find, adapt, and implement evidence-based programs. [End Page 142] Shoba Ramanadhan Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health David Aronstein Health Resources in Action Vilma Martinez-Dominguez City of Lawrence, Community Development Ziming Xuan Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health K. Viswanath Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Copyright © 2020 Johns Hopkins University Press

Food and nutrition security: meanings developed by community leaders and residents of a low-income community in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

This article aims to explore the meanings associated with the concept of food and nutrition security by residents and community leaders participating in an action-research project in food and nutrition security in the community of Pau da Lima in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, and how these meanings evolved over the course of the project. The analysis was based on conceptual maps produced by 37 residents and community leaders participating in the initial workshop in 2014, and on the results of a focus group two years later with nine community leaders and residents that formed the core group for the action research throughout the project. The results show that food and nutrition security, initially perceived as an individual issue and based on the foods' health safety and nutritional quality, became a political issue as an expression of the inequalities and power relations in which the individuals were immersed. Food and nutrition security thus became part of the leaders' field of praxis and political struggle. In communities with low coverage by community health agents and few leaders for many agendas, the weak inclusion of the food and nutrition security concept and low recognition of the right to food were definitely the main challenge for social participation. In times of democratic setbacks and dismantling of food and nutrition security programs, it is necessary to analyze the development of contents and meanings on the theme in order to expand and strengthen the social base in this struggle.

Impact of socioeconomic status on morbidities, disabilities, activity limitation, and participation restriction in the geriatric population living in urban area: A comparative study

Introduction: Socioeconomic inequalities have been considered as an important factor for disparity in the prevalence of disabilities among geriatric population belonging to different socioeconomic strata with significantly increased of disability in elderly population belonging to lower socioeconomic status. The impact of socioeconomic status on the morbidity and disability profile of elderly in India is very scarce. This study would help in planning geriatric health care services for different communities depending upon their socioeconomic status. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the morbidity profile, disability profile, and perceived health care needs in Indian elderly population belonging to two different socioeconomic strata residing in city of western India. Methodology: This was a cross sectional qualitative comparative study done in Aug 2016 to Dec 2016. In this study two geriatric cohorts one belonging to high income group staying in a gated community and other belonging to low income group staying in a urban slum were compared. House to house survey was done based on prevalidated WHO DAS scale predesigned questionnaire to assess the activity limitation and participation restriction of the elderly population in city dwellers in Western India. After initial sensitisation workshops to sensitise and train the medical students, paramedics and the social workers, the house to house survey was on holidays. Results: Total 406 elderly patients were interviewed in HIG and 409 were interviewed in LIG. Females outnumbered the males in both the cohorts with 53.7% in HIG and 63.8% in LIG. It was noted that 14.5% of the elderly were staying alone in HIG where as against 10.2% in LIG. It was also noted that 14.5% of elderly in HIG required help of outside caregiver from doing the activities of daily living (ADLs) where as 28.9% in LIG required outside help to do ADLs. It was noted that there was a significant difference in the activity limitation score in both the cohorts with 64% of elderly in HIG having a good score (0-18) as against 13.9 % in LIG. in participation restriction score with 77% of elderly belonging to HIG having a good participation score as against 40.6% in the elderly belonging to LIG. Conclusion: The morbidity profile, disability profile, and perceived health care needs in Indian elderly population belonging to two different socioeconomic strata residing in city of western India are different. Public health care penetration was poor in the elderly living in LIG as most of them visited the doctor only during emergencies and that too majority of them had access to alternative medicine system. Dedicated geriatric services along with provision of medicines, ambulance and geriatric helpline was the most felt needs in the society.

Workshop Effectiveness on Content Knowledge of Behavioral Observation Techniques in an Applied Animal Behavior Context

Comparative psychology has a long history of investigating topics that promote comparisons across disciplines, constructs, and species. One critical component of comparative analyses is to select the best data collection technique. Unfortunately, these observational skills are not always taught to individuals who need them the most, animal care professionals. To demonstrate the applicability of appropriate data collection techniques to this applied discipline, we conducted a multi-day workshop that provided attendees training and practice with several data collection techniques that could be used to evaluate animal behavior in both spontaneous and enrichment-provided settings. The program included (1) a presentation on different data collection techniques and the types of questions each technique can address, (2) two 20-minute sessions of observation practice at two different facilities, (3) a final summary presentation of the data collected, and (4) pre- and post-surveys conducted immediately before and at the end of the workshop. Out of 177 survey respondents, almost a third reported using behavioral data collection to manage animal behavior prior to the workshop. More than 90% of the respondents had heard of behavioral ethograms and 68% of the respondents had used one previously. Many of the respondents reported familiarity with different observation techniques. Eighty-two individuals completed the majority of the survey with 81% expressing satisfaction with the initial workshop presentation. Respondents completing both surveys showed significant improvement in their knowledge of behavioral data collection techniques. Ultimately, the workshop introduced and clarified behavioral observation techniques and their applications in a variety of contexts. Respondents indicated that they could and would utilize knowledge gained from the workshop at their own facilities.

ANÁLISE DE UM PROGRAMA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA COM ÊNFASE NA BNCC: AVALIAÇÃO E PARTICIPAÇÃO DOCENTE

Este artigo objetiva analisar a participação, avaliação e entendimentos quanto a implementação da BNCC na área de Ciências da Natureza, levando em consideração um grupo de doze docentes em decorrência da participação no Programa de Formação Continuada: Ensino de Ciências nos Anos Iniciais a partir da BNCC. Para tanto, adota-se a abordagem qualitativa, na forma de estudo de caso, considerando-se os princípios da análise de conteúdo. O referido Programa foi realizado no decorrer do segundo semestre do ano de 2017 e envolveu momentos de diagnóstico inicial, estudos conceituais, análises curriculares e oficinas didáticas, além de avaliação realizada a partir da análise de dados apresentados em um questionário e no diário de bordo da mobilizadora dos encontros. Dentre os resultados, destacam-se a participação ativa e comprometida dos docentes que atuaram de forma colaborativa, o reconhecimento das atividades de leitura e reflexão sobre a BNCC, a aprovação e construção de conhecimento teórico e prático relacionado às unidades temáticas da área das Ciências da Natureza, bem como a troca de experiências e a produção de materiais didáticos.

S-PACK: A Modular and Modifiable, Comprehensive Predeparture Preparation Curriculum for Global Health Experiences.

Approximately 25% of trainees participate in a global health elective during their undergraduate or graduate medical education. Increasingly, educators in the United States and international partners are calling for improved predeparture preparation training for global health experiences. Yet, freely available, easily modifiable curricula are rare. Educators who created the Simulation Use for Global Away Rotations (SUGAR) curriculum formed a workgroup in September 2017 to develop the SUGAR Pre-Departure Activities Curricular Kit (S-PACK). Using Kern's 6-step approach to curriculum development, they identified 10 essential domains for global health preparation, developed learning objectives, created interactive activities pertinent to those domains using different education strategies, piloted and refined the curriculum, packaged it for online facilitator training, and disseminated it in March 2018. The S-PACK curriculum includes 6 interactive, modifiable modules that use a variety of educational strategies to enable educators to comprehensively prepare trainees for global health electives. Modules incorporate simulations, procedural training, small-group case-based discussions, and reflection exercises on topics ranging from providing treatment when resources are limited to mitigating culture shock to considering wellness while away. Each module includes a facilitator training packet, curricular resources, and introduction videos. All are freely available at sugarprep.org. Since an initial in-person workshop at a national conference, the S-PACK curriculum has been available online. Further evaluation is underway, including developing assessments for educators to measure trainee readiness for global health electives. Piloting the feasibility of regional S-PACK preparation bootcamps to support training programs with limited global health resources is planned.

Jump-Starting Faculty Development in Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Education: A Team-Based Approach.

Quality improvement (QI) and patient safety (PS) are cornerstones of health care delivery. Accreditation organizations increasingly require that learners engage in QIPS. For many faculty, these are new domains. Additional faculty development is needed for them to teach and mentor trainees. Existing programs, such as the Association of American Medical Colleges Teaching for Quality (Te4Q) program, target individual faculty and thus accommodate only limited participants at a time, which is problematic for institutions that need to train many faculty to support their learners. The authors invited diverse stakeholders from across the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine and related health systems to participate in a team-based adaptation of the Te4Q program. The teams completed 5 projects based on previously identified priority areas to increase local capacity for QIPS teaching: (1) online modules for faculty new to QIPS, (2) a tool kit for graduate medical education programs, (3) a module for medical school clerkship directors, (4) guidelines for faculty to integrate early learners into QI projects, and (5) a "Teach-for-UCSF" certificate program in teaching QIPS. Thirty-five faculty members participated in the initial Te4Q workshop in January 2015, and by fall 2016, all projects were implemented. These projects led to additional faculty development initiatives and a rapidly expanding number of faculty across campus with expertise in teaching QIPS. Further collaborations between faculty focused on QIPS in care delivery and those focused on QIPS education to promote QIPS teaching have resulted from these initial projects.

EFFICACY OF A TWO-WEEK ULTRASOUND ELECTIVE IN KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF THORACIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY AMONG INTERNAL MEDICINE RESIDENTS

SESSION TITLE: Wednesday Abstract Posters SESSION TYPE: Original Investigation Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/23/2019 09:45 AM - 10:45 AM PURPOSE: Point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) training is in high demand among internal medicine (IM) residency programs in the United States. However, no formalized ACGME-approved curricula have been established. Our study assesses the efficacy of a 2-week ultrasound (US) elective for IM residents in terms of knowledge acquisition and retention, and confidence in performing thoracic US. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of an IRB-approved prospective study investigating the efficacy of a longitudinal US curriculum incorporated into an existing clinical simulation program. The longitudinal US curriculum consists of case-based simulations every 6-weeks and an hour-long workshop with lectures, hands-on tasks, image interpretations, and a pre and post-workshop quiz assessing thoracic US knowledge. In addition, the quizzes ask residents to identify items they are confident in interpreting, which is tallied into a confidence score (CS) with a maximum of 8 points. In this cohort, a subgroup had participated in a 2-week US elective that consists of lectures, required online readings, and faculty-supervised hands-on training with both ultrasound simulators and patients. Outcomes of interest are differences in quiz scores and CS between elective participants (EP) compared to non-participants. Secondary outcomes include quiz score and CS trends over 6 weeks after the initial workshop. ANOVA and t-tests were used to compare continuous variables. Multivariate regression analyses were used for adjusted analysis, as well as to model trends. RESULTS: A total of 102 residents were enrolled in the study. Among these, 24 had participated in the US elective within 6 months prior to the start of the prospective study. Unadjusted mean pre-course quiz scores (expressed as percent correct) were 49.7% vs. 74.7% (p<0.001) in EP. Post-course scores were 77.8% vs. 85.4% (p<0.001) in EP. At a 6-week follow-up quiz, the scores were 54.6% vs. 67.8% (p<0.001) in EP. In terms of mean CS, pre-course scores were 2.8 vs 6.3 for EP (p<0.001) and post-course scores were 6.9 vs 7.8 for EP (p<0.001). At 6-weeks the CS were 4.9 vs 6.2 for EP (p<0.001). Multivariate regression showed that EP overall had 19% higher test scores (p<0.001) and 2.74 higher CS (p<0.001) over the 6 week period. In addition, for the EP group, while the quiz scores decreased from 74.7% to 67.8% over 6 weeks, this difference was not statistically significant based on multivariate regression (mean score difference over 6 weeks: -2.7%, p=0.332). A similar finding was seen for CS (mean score difference over 6 weeks: -0.04, p=0.87). CONCLUSIONS: A 2-week interactive US elective shows efficacy in ultrasound knowledge acquisition and retention with minimal knowledge decay. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Given the increased demand for POCUS training in IM residencies and more frequent use in inpatient settings, formalized training options should be made available to residents. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Joseph Mathew, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Di Pan, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by James Salonia, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Fernando Vazquez de Lara, source=Web Response