Initial Request Research Articles

Dynamic solution for multiple question optimization

The problem of multiple query optimization is considered as a complete optimization problem, the input parameters for optimization are determined: queries, tasks, plans. Proposed and substantiated architecture of the system in which the DBMS with the query optimizer is used - a computer system in which one or more computers (information processing system, one or more client computers, control computer, one or more the number of database servers) are interconnected by the client network and the server network. The data processing system receives the primary request made by one of the client computers, creates one or more secondary requests and transmits them to the database servers, in the case, if necessary, performs links or data updates, as defined in the primary request, and then returns the resulting data to the computer of the client from which the initial request was made. The I / O processing module, query analyzer, query optimizer, query processing module, optimization controller, external memory device are the elements that make up the information processing module. The I / O processing module receives the request from the client computers and the control request from the control computer and responds to these requests. The query optimizer optimizes the query using the query tree generated by the query analyzer, and develops a procedure for a series of operations (query execution plan) to obtain the results of query processing. The query processing module executes the query execution plan developed by the query optimizer. The order of execution of elementary requests which provide the minimum time for one, two and three processors is developed. A comparison of multi-request execution time with joint and incompatible processing depending on the number of processors is presented. The minimum execution time of the query can be achieved by executing elementary queries in the appropriate order, determined by the condition of order.

National Poison Data System (NPDS) review of intentional sodium nitrite ingestions 2009–2019

Ingesting sodium nitrite as a suicide method appears to be gaining popularity, spurred by online suicide blogs and an easily obtainable product. However, the exact nature of this trend has not been studied. We conducted an 11-year retrospective review of intentional sodium nitrite ingestions reported to the National Poison Data System from January 1, 2009-December 31, 2019. We included all cases coded as “nitrite or nitrate” in the initial request. We requested full case records for the initial cohort to confirm details. NPDS recorded 390 individual “nitrite or nitrate” exposures during the study period, and 42 met inclusion criteria. We received full case records for 35/42 patients, and 17 were included in the final cohort (N = 17). The mean age was 23.2 years old. Visible cyanosis was present in 13/17 patients with a mean oxygen saturation of 85%. Methylene blue was administered in 14/17 cases with 8/17 requiring advanced cardiac life support. The overall mortality rate was 41% (7/17). All patients presented in the final two years of the study period. Intentionally ingesting sodium nitrite represents a novel, growing trend and carries a high mortality rate among young adults. Abbreviations: AAPCC, American Association of Poison Control Center; ACLS, Advanced Cardiac Life Support; CPCS, California Poison Control System; NPDS, National Poison Data System; PCC, Poison Control Center; SPI, Specialist in Poison Information.

Eliciting Value-Judgments in Health Technology Assessment: An Applied Ethics Decision Making Paradigm

The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has shed more light on the difficulty of making health care decisions integrating scientific knowledge and values associated to life and death issues, human suffering, quality of life, economic losses, liberty of movement, etc. But the difficulties related to health care decisions and the use of innovative drugs or technologies are not new, and many countries have created agencies that have the mandate to evaluate new technologies in health care. Health Technological Assessment (HTA) reports’ aim is to guide the decision makers in these difficult matters. There are two ethical components in HTA. The first is the report’s presentation of an ethical evaluation of the technology. The second is the value-ladenness of the HTA decision-making process itself. When implicit value judgments are not elicited, the justification of the final decision cannot be transparent. The present paper aims to identify and elicit the implicit value-judgments related to each step of the HTA process. This research is grounded on an applied ethics decision-making paradigm based on the role of value judgments in the decision-making process. The first part discusses two different approaches to values and value judgments in HTA. In the second part, citations mentioning value judgments extracted from a systematic review on the integration of ethics into HTA were categorized to elicit the value judgments and their criteria for each different HTA decision-making steps. The results show that there are 18 decision-making steps in the HTA process where 23 implicit value-judgments can be recognized. The range of these value judgments encompasses the whole HTA process: from the initial request, the presenting of the principal issues, to the final report’s dissemination. Since stakeholders need to understand which value judgments the conclusion of a report relies on, eliciting the implicit value judgments in the HTA decision-making process should yield more transparency.

NHS England calls on pharmacies in 'priority locations' to open COVID-19 vaccination sites

NHS England has called on community pharmacies in more than 100 parts of the country to express interest in providing COVID-19 vaccinations. This is the third round of calls for expressions of interest, following the initial request in December 2020 and a further request in February 2021. In the latest round, only pharmacies situated in […]

Peer review declaration

All conference organisers/editors are required to declare details about their peer review. Therefore, please provide the following information:• Type of peer review: Single-blind • Conference submission management system: “Conference” Information system (conf.nsc.ru) developed by the Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies (former Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS) • Number of submissions received: Proceedings papers submitted: 79 Papers submitted to the conference: 428 • Number of submissions sent for review: 79 • Number of submissions accepted: 75 • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 95 • Average number of reviews per paper: 1.42 • Total number of reviewers involved: 112 • Any additional info on review process: The submissions were handled by the program committee and redirected to the corresponding conference section chairs. The conference section chairs were sending the initial review requests to the reviewers. The subsequent review process, including sending the papers to the authors for corrections and sending the modified papers to the reviewers for the corrections’ approval, was handled by the program committee. Contact person for queries: Alexey Penenko, Ph.D. a.penenko@yandex.ruPlease submit this form along with the rest of your files on the submission date written in your publishing agreement.The information you provide will be published as part of your proceedings.

Prehospital emergency care model using short code access number for refining dispatching of ambulances and clinical communication for patient transfer–Insights from a Private Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru, India

BACKGROUND: In healthcare, effective communication is essential, particularly in emergency situations, it is critical and important. This article suggests a prehospital emergency care model using short code access number, through which method of communication from dispatching of ambulances to arrival and handover of patients to hospital is facilitated in emergency instances. We also attempted to elaborate the procedure, we followed for establishing this emergency access number for this private medical college in South India. Practical recommendations are also provided for policymakers who wish to initiate such facilities. OBJECTIVES: To strengthen our prehospital emergency care with ambulance short code, to guarantee that it is flawlessly incorporated into the healthcare system and to promote public responsiveness in prehospital Emergencies. PROJECT METHODS: Establishment of in-hospital ambulance command center, using a project management cycle framework in the phases of planning, designing, training, and implementation. A needs assessment was conducted and a committee was developed with a multidisciplinary team for planning and implementing out this initiative. RESULTS: It was possible to implement hospital emergency short code access number for hospital ambulance operations along with the establishment of ambulance command center with a trained interdisciplinary team and achieve best practices by participating on refining existing infrastructure and human resources. CONCLUSION: Timely arrival of an ambulance can make the difference between survival and death, in life-threatening emergency situations in which every second counts. Our prehospital emergency care model will respond to the patient needs from the initial emergency request of ambulance and its dispatching to arrival of patient and his/her admission to the emergency medicine department of the hospital. Data generated by the program will be used to guide and design appropriate interventions.

Prevalence of Sexual Victimization Among Female and Male College Students: A Methodological Note With Data.

This study provides insight on how sample recruitment methods may affect reported rates of sexual victimization on college campuses. The study compares sexual victimization rates among students who complete surveys after initial requests with those who complete them only after multiple reminders. Using probability sampling methods, undergraduate students from 12 universities were invited to complete a survey on campus violence; initial invitations were followed with up to five reminders. Women (n = 1,008) and men (n = 344) who completed surveys were categorized as early, middle, or late responders based on the number of reminders required to convert them from non-responders to responders. About 24.2% of women and 15.6% of men reported sexual victimization in the previous two months. In initial analyses, female early and late responders did not differ on sexual victimization, but males did. Male late responders reported higher rates of sexual victimization than early responders. In sensitivity analyses that re-defined early and late responders, women who were early responders reported more sexual victimization than women who were late responders, while men who were early responders reported less sexual victimization than men who were late responders. These findings suggest that researchers may underestimate sexual victimization rates for male college students unless multiple attempts are made to solicit their participation. Researchers are encouraged to utilize multiple reminders to increase research participation.

Role of attitude in nurses' responses to requests for assisted dying.

Legal assisted dying is a rare event, but as legalisation expands, requests for it will likely increase, and the nurse most often receives the informal, initial request. To assess the effects of attitude in interaction with normative and control beliefs on an intention to respond to a request for legal assisted dying. The study had the lead author's institutional ethics approval, and participants were informed that participation was both anonymous and voluntary. This was a cross-sectional correlational study of 377 Australian registered nurses who completed an online survey. Generalised linear modelling assessed the effects of independent variables against intended responses to requests for legal assisted dying. Compared to nurses who did not support legal assisted dying, nurses who did had stronger beliefs in patient rights, perceived social expectations to refer the request and stronger control in that intention. Nurses who did not support legal assisted dying had stronger beliefs in ethics of duty to the patient and often held dual intentions to discuss the request with the patient but also held an intention to deflect the request to consideration of alternatives. This study advances the international literature by developing quantified models explaining the complexity of nurses' experiences with requests for an assisted death. Attitude was operationalised in interaction with other beliefs and was identified as the strongest influence on intentions, but significantly moderated by ethical norms. The complex of determinants of those intentions to respond to requests for an assisted death suggests they are not isolated from each other. Nurses might have distinct intentions, but they can also hold multiple intentions even when they prioritise one. These findings present opportunities to prepare nurses in a way that enhances moral resilience in the face of complex moral encounters.

당사자 간 공평의 관점에서 바라본 조세소송 소송물의 구조 - 처분사유의 유형화와 판례 분석을 중심으로 -

초록 · 키워드 목차 오류제보하기 This article mainly deals with ‘scope of review" and ‘limit of res judicata"(or binding force) of revocation judgement, especially focusing on what degree a revocation judgement bars tax authorities from issuing another notice of deficiency. And This thesis questions whether this outcome is fair comparing that taxpayers" any further act may be blocked if their initial request is dismissed and finalized. If it doesn"t seem to be just, we need to suggest alternatives to alleviate this disparity. Hereinafter, this article introduce 4 model cases to help understanding of concept of ‘scope of review" and ‘limit of res judicata" in tax litigation. One tax agency levies income tax(as business income) on the money that A received from B(basic case). The agency changes dispositive grounds ① as interest income (because the income can not meet the requirements of business income)：alternative legal grounds, ② as income received from C (not B)：alternative factual basis, ③ as calculation by wrongful acts(although the money is included in A"s previous tax return, A reduced unreasonably income tax burden by renting his real estate to B who is related person at unusually low price：other facts derived from basic factual grounds), ④ as evasion of unrelated income (apart from basic facts). The model case ①, ②, ③ are in the same category of the identity of basic facts. According to current precedents and majority views, Changing dispositive grounds is allowed from case ① to case ④, which means that the scope of review is much extended. However, the limit of binding force (or res judicata) is so narrowly set up that the agency"s second disposition is not constrained from case ① to case ④ which is not the exact same grounds as the prior one. On the other hand, taxpayers" defeat in first lawsuit based on a specific argument means that the notice of tax payment is recognized as legitimate conclusively, even if the taxpayer finds out the nullity of the disposition belatedly. The disparity seems to be serious. There could be two alternatives to remedy taxpayers" disadvantages due to the limit of binding force of revocation judgement. First idea is that tax authorities are allowed to change dispositive grounds within the identity of basic facts and the objective extent of res juticata is set up at the same category. This opinion has strong points in that ‘scope of review" corresponds with ‘limit of res juticata" and both interests of tax payers and tax agencies are guaranteed harmoniously. However, this idea need to change judicial precedents of the supreme court on limit of res juticata drastically and face tricky problem on what degree the trial court is obliged to render conclusive judgment. Additionally, current case law admit ‘the special statute of limitation"{based on Framework Act On National Taxes Article 26-2 (2)} in the case ①. So the change of precedents or legislative move that the special statute of limitation can be applicable only if the notice of tax payment is revoked for illegality of administrative procedures need to be taken. Even before the fundamental improvement on ‘limit of res juticata’, minimum alteration that allow tax authorities change dispositive grounds within the identity of basic facts could be considered preferentially. According to this opinion, tax authorities are expected to aim at winning a lawsuit by changing dispositive grounds advertently in the initial lawsuit. If they fail to do, they are likely to bear the disadvantage of period of exclusion from imposition. Also, as tax authorities are not allowed to change dispositive grounds to evasion of unrelated income (apart from basic facts), they must issue another notice of deficiency, which is also subject to period of exclusion from imposition. This opinion could be more practical solution because it only requires to change judicial precedents of the supreme court on ‘the special statute of limitation" without changing judical precedents on limit of res juticata or facing difficult problem on the obligation of conclusive judgment. #조세소송의 소송물 #처분사유의 추가변경 #차단효 #기속력 #기판력 #탈루소득 #기본적 사실관계 동일성 #특례제척기간 #subject matter of lawsuit #changing dispositive grounds #binding force #res juticata #evasion of unrelated income #the identity of basic facts #special statute of limitation 국문요약Ⅰ. 서론Ⅱ. 소송물의 구조에 관한 개관Ⅲ 처분사유의 추가·변경의 범위Ⅳ. 기판력과 기속력의 관계Ⅴ. 조세소송에서 차단효의 범위Ⅵ. 결어 ― 납세자의 불이익 시정방안에 관한 제안參考文獻Abstract

Dexmedetomidine versus clonidine adjuvants to levobupivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block in paediatric laparoscopic orchiopexy: Randomized, double-blind study.

Laparoscopic surgeries are associated with less postoperative pain and adverse events compared to open procedures. But, it still reduces the quality of life in children. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used to reduce pain. We hypothesized that dexmedetomidine or clonidine could improve the analgesic profile of levobupivacaine to the same extent during TAP block in children. Ninety children were randomly allocated in a randomized double-blind trial to receive bilateral TAP block with levobupivacaine plus normal saline (group B, n=30), or dexmedetomidine (group D, n=30) or clonidine (group C, n=30). Primary outcome was the modified Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale score. Secondary outcomes included time to initial analgesic request, number of analgesic claims, total analgesic consumption, parents' satisfaction, sedation score and complications. Children of group D showed reduced pain scores compared to other groups. They represented the longest period of analgesia (565.00±71.5min) with p<0.001, and fewer patients required two doses of analgesia during the first postoperative day. The cumulative amount of backup analgesia was significantly different between these groups (p=0.026). Higher parents' satisfaction scores were recorded in groups D and C compared to group B. Sedation among the study groups revealed significant differences (p=0.035), but no severe complications were recorded. Adding dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine can extend the time of analgesia and reduce the use of postoperative backup analgesics with minimal sedation effects when used in TAP block in paediatrics undergoing laparoscopic orchiopexy. Clonidine can be used as an alternative adjuvant to local anaesthetics with good postoperative analgesic profiles. Clonidine can alternate dexmedetomidine during TAP block with local anesthetics for pediatrics laparoscopies. Both can lead to better postoperative analgesic profiles. Clonidine may be preferred, especially in our developing regions, because of its easy availability and lower cost than that of dexmedetomidine.

Current Practice of Neurosurgical Teleconsultation in Germany.

As neurosurgery is a demanding specialty with services in larger medical centers only, consultation over larger distances plays an important role in health care. In times of digitalization, teleconsultation for medical images and cases plays an increasing role in neurosurgical services. However, no standards and demands have been established for its execution in the subfield of neurosurgery, so far. Therefore, as a first step, we performed a survey about the current state of teleconsultation in neurosurgery in Germany. A standardized questionnaire consisting of 20 items was used to investigate the frequency of use and the operating conditions of teleconsultation in the field of neurosurgery. The survey was performed during the annual national German Society of Neurosurgery conference in 2017. Participation in the written survey was on voluntary and anonymous basis. In total, 296 individuals took part in the survey (140 specialists in neurosurgery, 77 residents). Among them, 71% were male and 121 worked at a university medical center. In total, 87.5% of all participants indicated that teleconsultation was used in their institutions (n = 113 in university medical centers and n = 76 in hospitals), and a vast majority stated to have had personal experience with it (88.6% of specialists, 85.5% of residents). The most frequent initial request for a consultation was done by phone call (80.3%). Images or data were then primarily transmitted via an electronic system (77.3%), followed by transmissions via CD or by post. The reply to a consultation was also mainly done by phone call (91.3%), followed by fax, or by e-mail. No standard protocol was followed by 78.6% of the respondents, and they stated not to know about the statutory and legal rules. However, it was stated that the protection of patient data was not endangered by using teleconsultation. The usefulness of teleconsultation and its future relevance were rated highly by the participants. The risk of misinterpretation of image data, especially without having direct access to other patient data, seemed to be a critical and unequivocal challenge. The results of the survey demonstrate that teleconsultation for medical images and cases is a frequently used and well-accepted tool in neurosurgical health care. However, a standardized neurosurgical procedure is still lacking and the statutory rules for this field of digital medicine are generally not known in our community. Potential misinterpretation and resulting misjudgment seem to be realistic drawbacks. Thus, we see a necessity for elaboration of guidelines for teleconsultation in neurosurgery on national and European basis.

A Client Bootstrapping Protocol for DoS Attack Mitigation on Entry Point Services in the Cloud

This paper presents a client bootstrapping protocol for proxy-based moving target defense system for the cloud. The protocol establishes the identity of prospective clients who intend to connect to web services behind obscure proxy servers in a cloud-based network. In client bootstrapping, a set of initial line of defense services receive new client requests, execute an algorithm to assign them to a proxy server, and reply back with the address of the chosen proxy server. The bootstrapping protocol only reveals one proxy address to each client, maintaining the obscurity of the addresses for other proxy servers. Hiding the addresses of proxy servers aims to lower the likelihood that a proxy server becomes the victim of a denial-of-service (DoS) attack. Existing works address this problem by requiring the solution of computationally intensive puzzles from prospective clients. This solution slows the progression of attacks as well as new clients. This paper presents an alternative idea by observing that limited capacity of handling initial network requests is the primary cause of denial-of-service attacks. Thus, the suggested alternative is to utilize cost-effective high-capacity networks to handle client bootstrapping, thus thwarting attacks on the initial line of defense. The prototype implementation of the protocol using Google’s firebase demonstrates the proof of concept for web services that receive network requests from clients on mobile devices.

Risk-based, multistage stochastic energy project selection

Energy conservation through the implementation of energy efficient retrofit projects can be viewed as a series of investments with annual returns. These returns can be used to fund additional projects. However, planning for energy conservation ignoring the fluctuations in energy costs and uncertainty in the estimated savings severely impacts project selection and initial budget requests. These impacts drive returns and influence the ability to implement future projects. This paper demonstrates from the Agency perspective, how a risk-based, stochastic multi-period model with binary decision variables at each stage provides a much more accurate estimate for planning than traditional and deterministic models. This approach accounts for uncertainties while determining the proper budget request that minimizes risk of the worst outcomes. The practical application shows that agencies can adjust their risk appetites and make more cost-effective selections while considering the energy saving uncertainties. The application of stochastic optimization with the inclusion of risk to an important energy conservation problem makes the proposed model novel. Finally, while most portfolio selection and optimization problems seek to choose a proper mix of securities or projects, all must be selected here, making the timing the key selection criteria and further differentiates this proposed method.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Optimization of a building energy performance by a multi-objective optimization, using sustainable energy combinations

Nowadays the application of the sustainable resources (SERs) of the energy and significant role of the building sector due to environmental effects is notable. Therefore, finding the optimum combination of SERs is an important target to be noticed by the designers to achieve sustainable buildings. Regarding the energy consumption for local warm-water, electrical appliances, and to cool and heat the building space, a new method is suggested in this study to design the optimized combination of the sustainable energy systems to unify the building energy demand. Minimization of the two objectives including the initial energy request and the investment expense is considered as the multi-criteria optimization. Also, to find the expense-optimum solution, the universal expense has been studied. Furthermore, a limitation of achieving the SER combination’s minimum amount in line with the Albanian laws is regarded. The Grass Fibrous Root Optimization algorithm is applied as the optimization process using MATLAB® and DesignBuilder simulation software. Because the solutions should adhere to the lowest SER combination’s levels recommended through present regulations, a limitation is studied, too. A regular residential case of Tirana, in Albania, is chosen to be investigated by using the proposed methodology and regarding the present laws related to the efficiency of the energy. SER systems include heat pumps (HPs), PV panels, thermal solar energy systems. It has resulted that, the initial energy demand saves up to 29.5 kWh/m2 a and the universal expense up to 78,850 € as provided by the methodology comparing a building composition not considering the SERs. Aiming at sustainable development, the proposed methodology can be useful regarding two aspects including economic profits for the holders and the environmental advantages.

A Comparison of the Content and Quality of Organ Donation Discussions with African American Families Who Authorize and Refuse Donation

This study compares the experiences of African American (AA) families who authorized organ donation with those who refused. Large administrative datasets were obtained from 9 partnering Organ Procurement Organizations (OPO). Initial analyses used these data to assess authorization among African American families (n = 1651). Subsequent analyses were performed using a subsample of interview data of AA family decision makers (n = 276). Initial bivariate analyses tested differences in study variables by authorization status (donor/nondonor). Two separate multilevel logistic regressions examined associations between independent variables and family authorization. Analyses of the administrative datasets found that refusal was more likely when the patient was older, female, a DCD case, and not referred in a timely manner; refusal was less likely when families initiated donation conversations. Interview data revealed that families who refused donation were less likely to respond favorably to initial donation requests and reported less satisfaction with the overall approach, amount of time with OPO staff, and how questions were handled. Refusing families were also more likely to feel pressured, had less comprehensive donation discussions, and rated the OPO requesters' communication skills lower. No significant differences in organ donation attitudes were found between families who authorized donation and those refusing to donate. The study suggests that AA families making decisions about organ donation would benefit from culturally appropriate discussions. Clinical Trial Notation: NCT02138227.

The Role of the Malay Customary Institution in Off-Court Divorce Mediation: A Case Study in Rantau Pandan, Jambi

In general, the concept of mediation in fiqh literature concerns merely with pre-divorce conflicts. In contrast, the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan, Jambi also concerns with restoring household integrity after divorce. This paper aims at describing and analyzing the role of the Malay Customary Institution in restoring post-divorce households in Rantau Pandan. The field research was conducted where the data taken from in-depth interviews and documentation. This paper concludes that there are two forms of mediation process practiced by the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan: the mediation that is prompted by the initial request of the involving parties and that is without the precondition of reconciliation. The success of the Customary Institution in mediating familial conflicts is supported by several factors, such as; the competence of the mediators, kinship relations, and the goodwill of the respective parties. The mediation practiced of the Customary Institution works in line with the guidance of the Qur’ān and the principle of mediation in Islam. Additionally, this institution has developed the concept of mediation outside the court, both in terms of form and task.&#x0D;

The Role of the Malay Customary Institution in Off-Court Divorce Mediation: a Case Study in Rantau Pandan, Jambi

In general, the concept of mediation in fiqh literature concerns merely with pre-divorce conflicts. In contrast, the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan, Jambi also concerns with restoring household integrity after divorce. This paper aims at describing and analyzing the role of the Malay Customary Institution in restoring post-divorce households in Rantau Pandan. The field research was conducted where the data taken from in-depth interviews and documentation. This paper concludes that there are two forms of mediation process practiced by the Malay Customary Institution in Rantau Pandan: the mediation that is prompted by the initial request of the involving parties and that is without the precondition of reconciliation. The success of the Customary Institution in mediating familial conflicts is supported by several factors, such as; the competence of the mediators, kinship relations, and the goodwill of the respective parties. The mediation practiced of the Customary Institution works in line with the guidance of the Qur’ān and the principle of mediation in Islam. Additionally, this institution has developed the concept of mediation outside the court, both in terms of form and task.&#x0D;

Using Query Expansion Techniques and Content-Based Filtering for Personalizing Analysis in Big Data

The recent debates on personalizing analyses in a Big Data context are one of the most solicited challenges for business intelligence (BI) administrators. The high-volume, the high-variety, and the high-velocity of Big Data have produced difficulty in storing, processing, and analyzing data in traditional systems. These 3Vs (volume, velocity, and variety) created many new challenges and make them difficult to extract the specific needs of the users. In addition, the user may be faced with the problem of disorientation; he does not know what information really corresponds to his needs. The information personalization systems aim to overcome these problems of disorientation by using a user profile. The effectiveness of the personalization system in a Big Data context is to demonstrate by the relevance and accuracy of the content of the results obtained, according to the needs of the user and the context of the research. Nevertheless, most of the recent research focused on the relational data warehouse personalizing and ignored the integration of the user context into the analysis of OLAP cubes, which is the first concerned to execute the user's multidimensional queries. To deal with this, the authors propose in this article a dynamic personalizing approach in Big Data context using OLAP cubes, based on the Content-Based Filtering, and the Query Expansion techniques. The first step in the proposal consists of processing the user queries by an enrichment technique in order to integrate the user profile and his searching context to reduce the searching space in the OLAP cube, and use the expansion technique to extend the scope of the analysis in the OLAP cube. The retrieved results are: “as relevant as possible” compared to the user's initial request. Afterward, they use information filtering techniques such as content-based filtering to personalize the analysis in the reduced data cube according to the term frequency and cosine similarity. Finally, they present a case study and experiences results to evaluate and validate their approach.

Rotating group representatives and group members’ requests in repeated public goods game

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of group representatives on contribution behaviour in response to group members’ requests in repeated public goods games. Data came from 135 students in 15 groups enrolled in the experiment, grouped in the following treatments: no group representatives (NR, NRG) and group representatives (R1, R2). We also tested initial requests wherein the group members’ initial requests (i.e. NRG, R2) mediated the positive relationship between individual-level contribution preferences and group contributions. We used a fixed-effects GLS regression and IV regression to analyse the effect of group representatives and group members’ requests. The results indicated the following: (a) rotating group representative/group members’ requests was related to group contributions at the session (within-members) and group (between-group) levels; (b) the reactions to members’ requests positively predicted group contributions; (c) subjects in the no group representatives treatment formed their requests by relying more on previous group contributions than subjects in the group representatives treatment, who relied more on the previous group members’ requests; and (d) the initial requests explained long-term contribution levels, which resulted in variations in group contributions observed between the NRG and R2 treatments. Our findings highlight the role of rotating group representatives in stimulating cooperation among members, while group members’ requests impel individuals to make contribution decisions at the group level.

Does self-disclosure matter? A dynamic two-stage perspective for the personalization-privacy paradox

Although marketing managers are relying increasingly on customer data, insight into the best approaches for resolving the personalization–privacy paradox remains limited. Specifically, we argue for the success of a personalization involving the integration of two stages: the self-disclosure stage and the personalization stage. Using a conceptual framework grounded in the foot-in-the-door effect, we argue that compliance with commitment to self-disclosure as the initial small request induces greater compliance with the later target request. The results of a large-scale two-stage field experiment based on a combined propensity score matching and difference-in-difference model show positive causal effects of the act of self-disclosure and the positive effect of the intensity of self-disclosure on purchase responses to personalized promotions. The results also indicate that a combination of privacy assurance and personalization declaration drives customers’ act of self-disclosure and increases the intensity of self-disclosure. Findings empower managers to capitalize on new opportunities in personalization.