Initial Purchase Research Articles

Cost‐effectiveness of Resonance® metallic ureteral stent compared with standard polyurethane ureteral stents in malignant ureteric obstruction: A cost‐utility analysis

AbstractBackgroundMalignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is a frequent challenge for urologists. Patients have poor prognoses, treatment aims to improve quality‐of‐life while optimising renal function. Standard practice in the United Kingdom is to use polyurethane stents, which require frequent surgical replacements for blockages and encrustation. More durable metallic stents are available, although these incur an increased initial purchase price.AimsWe aim to assess whether the use of polyurethane double‐J (JJ) or metallic stent, Resonance® is more cost‐effective for managing MUO in the UK healthcare setting.MethodsA Markov model was parameterised to 5 years with costs and health‐related quality‐of‐life consequences for treating MUO with Resonance metallic stent (Cook Medical), versus standard JJ stents, from the UK care system perspective, with 3.5% discounting. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were undertaken to assess the effect of uncertainty.ResultsOver 5 years, approximately four fewer repeat surgical interventions were estimated in the metallic stent arm compared with the JJ stent, driving a 23.4% reduction in costs. The mean estimates of costs and benefits indicate that treatment of MUO with Resonance for 5 years is dominant over JJ stents. Over 5 years a cost‐saving of £2164.74 and a health gain of +0.046 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) per patient is estimated. With a maximum willingness to pay of £20 k per QALY, a net monetary benefit (NMB) of £3077.83 is estimated. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis at a willingness to pay threshold of £20 000 indicates an 89.3% probability of Resonance being cost‐effective over JJ stents. Within 1‐year savings of £726.53 are estimated driven by a reduction of two fewer repeat surgical interventions when using the metallic stent.ConclusionsResonance metallic stents for the treatment of MUO reduce the number of repeat procedures and could be a cost‐effective option for the treatment, potentially offering efficiencies to the healthcare system.

Innovation in the Malaysian Traditional Food Industry: A Conceptual Paper

Nowadays, Malaysia ‘s sub-sector of the agricultural commodity industry, particularly the innovative and convenient traditional food products, is expanding in tandem with increasing urbanisation and women workforce, reduction in household size and current lifestyle changes respectively. There are a variety of products in the Malaysian market that have been created by incorporating innovation into traditional Malaysian foods. As such, this situation has led to intense competition and oversupply of products in the market, and it requires food companies to develop critical strategies for introducing innovations in traditional foods so as to be sustainable and more competitive. The aim of this paper is two-fold: firstly, to provide an overview of innovation development in the Malaysian traditional food industry. This paper reveals that, studies on innovation in Malaysian traditional food industry remains under-researched and scarce until to date. The present study also reveals that a clear understanding of consumer perceptions, needs, and preferences, as well as a product's quality attributes, is critical when making even minor changes to traditional foods, thus leading to successful introduction of innovation in traditional foods. Besides that, sustaining consumer continuance behaviour beyond initial purchase and consumption is crucial for innovative food product success and sustained market.

The Role of Affordability on the Adoption of Residential Point-of-Use Drinking Water Filtering Systems in China

Access to clean drinking water is fundamental to human health, but a significant portion of China’s population lacks this essential resource due to low water quality. Point-of-use (POU) water filtering systems, offering ease of installation and maintenance, have emerged as a viable solution for providing clean drinking water in China. However, despite their advantages, the adoption rate remains below 20%. This study investigates whether and how price affordability affects the adoption of residential POU water filtering systems in China. In doing so, we conduct a quantitative analysis of the national POU water filtering systems sales and household income data from 2007 to 2022 in China. Our results show that the ratio of the initial purchase price to per capita disposable income and the adoption rate of POU systems in China are strongly positively correlated. Our findings shed light on potential pathways to facilitating their wider adoption, not only in China but also in other emerging countries.

Adult smokers’ Complete Switching Away from Cigarettes at 6, 9, and 12 Months after Initially Purchasing a JUUL e-Cigarette

Background : Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have the potential to benefit public health if smokers completely switch from cigarettes to ENDS. Methods : A cohort of adult smokers (age ≥ 21) who purchased a JUUL Starter Kit was followed for 12 months after the initial purchase. We defined “switching” as past-30-day abstinence from smoking (even if JUUL use had stopped), and analyzed factors associated with achievement and maintenance of self-reported repeated point-prevalence switching (RPPS) at three follow-ups, i.e., no past-30-day smoking at months 6, 9, and 12. Results : RPPS was reported by 21.6% of the 12,537 evaluable smokers. Smokers with lighter smoking history and lower cigarette dependence at baseline were more likely to report RPPS. RPPS was also associated with daily use of JUUL (Month-3: OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 2.02–2.68; Month-6: OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.42–2.10), and with greater subjective reinforcing effects from JUUL use (assessed by the mCEQ, Month-3: OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.38–1.56; Month-6: OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.02–1.20). Even among smokers who did not meet the criteria of RPPS (i.e., who smoked at least once), 35.5% reported past 30-day point-prevalence switching on at least one follow-up, and their cigarette consumption was substantially reduced compared to baseline. Conclusions : Approximately one-fifth of adult smokers reported 30-day point-prevalence abstinence at 6, 9, and 12 months after purchasing JUUL. Greater use of JUUL and stronger subjective reinforcing effects were associated with nonsmoking, validating the potential for ENDS to substitute for smoking, with potential for positive impacts on individual and population health.

Analysis of Consumer Behavior towards Product Groups at Indomaret Sudiang Raya

Effective marketing necessitates a profound understanding of consumer behavior, and the SOR Model (stimuli-organisms-response) stands out as a crucial theory in this domain. This model identifies three stages in the purchasing process: stimuli, organism (consumer's mind), and response. In this study, we explore consumer responses within various product categories, seeking to unveil patterns in decision-making processes. The experiment at Indomaret Sudiang Raya involved observing 146 randomly selected individuals, ensuring gender balance among respondents. The research encompassed three key sections: initial purchase goals and desires, observations of consumer behavior, and a survey on reasons for purchasing products. Our findings shed light on diverse consumer behaviors, encompassing immediate purchases, indecisiveness, analytical reviews, and non-stop behavior across different product categories. Certain product groups were less frequently purchased, suggesting dynamic shifts in consumer preferences over time. We delved into the cognitive and personal responses of Indomaret shoppers, revealing distinct patterns such as experiential behavior (purchasing known products) and analytical behavior (meticulously analyzing options before purchasing). The study identified nuances across product categories, providing valuable insights into the intricate landscape of consumer decision-making processes.

“It’s Just Business”: Michael Jackson’s Purchase of the Beatles Catalog as Counterpunch, Copia, and Rhythmic Reparations

ABSTRACT According to Black Twitter community members, who were active online just after rock ‘n’ roll artist Little Richard’s passing in 2020, Michael Jackson’s purchase of the Beatles catalog (thirty-five years prior) was viewed as what Twitter user and academic author DJ Scholarship calls “rhythmic reparations,” offering restitution for Black artists like Little Richard who were never compensated fairly in a white industry. The purchase of Sony/ATV then became more than just a business transaction; it worked rhetorically as a pop culture object to amplify and change narratives about race, music, money, and power. I rely on two concepts of rhetoric—counterpunch and copia—to reexamine language surrounding Jackson’s initial purchase and the conversation about Jackson occurring in the wake of Little Richard’s death. I also explain how this conversation on Black Twitter led me to revise my knowledge of popular culture and music history and to confront my own white privilege.

Public Opinion and Understanding of the Impact of Electric Vehicles: A UK Experience

The UK Government places pressure on the automotive industry to reduce carbon emissions by prioritising the manufacture of alternative fuel vehicles. Hence, electric vehicles (EVs) are a priority for the automotive industry given they emit minimal carbon emissions compared to petrol and diesel vehicles. Despite the continued improvement in the manufacture of EVs, issues regarding the viability and affordability of the vehicles influence the market for EVs. This paper explores opinions regarding (i) the viability and environmental impact of EVs as a replacement for petrol/diesel vehicles; (ii) the affordability of EVs; and (iii) knowledge and familiarity of the use of EVs. 130 respondents to a questionnaire, along with interviews with participants within the automotive industry inlcuding an owner of an EV, generally supported literature on the study of EVs. Findings of this research identified that views relating to the viability of EVs focussed on range anxiety, charging speeds and battery life. Views relating to the affordability of EVs are influenced by the initial purchase price of the vehicle, along with costs associated with the battery and charging point. Finally, it is clear that consumers with greater knowledge about EV technologies are more likely to embrace EVs.

Refund Psychology

Abstract Consumers frequently receive refunds from prior purchases. In this research, we examine if money refunded from previous purchases is more likely to be spent than money that does not go through a refund process. Across nine pre-registered studies, we test how consumers’ willingness to spend depends on the transaction history of their money. We find that, when people receive a refund and do not need to replace the originally purchased item, they are more likely to spend the refunded money on a discretionary purchase than they are to spend non-refunded money that is otherwise identical. We suggest that this pattern arises because refunded money is earmarked as “spending money” at the time of the initial purchase and then retains that earmark even after the refund is issued. When refunds arrive, therefore, they seem free from obligations and easy to spend. This research documents the psychology of purchase refunds, a topic largely unaddressed in the mental accounting literature to date.

Determinants of Tunisian Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Organic Cereal Products

Investigating Tunisian consumer attitudes about organic cereal products and the factors influencing their willingness to pay a premium price for them are the goals of this paper. Based on a face-to-face exploratory survey of Tunisian household heads, a descriptive analysis and a binomial logistic regression model were used to investigate the factors that would influence Tunisian consumers' willingness to pay more for sustainable organic cereal purchases. According to the study, 20% and 31% of the consumers surveyed indicated that they would be willing to pay an extra 10% or 5% on top of the initial purchase price to buy an organic product, respectively. The outcomes of the binary logistic regression model demonstrate that several factors are influencing. Factors such as consumer sustainability value, desire to pay more for quality, quality/price relationship, health value, and economic value determine customers' willingness to pay a premium price for organic cereal products. These elements must be taken into consideration by producers and processors of organic cereals while making managerial choices.

Erasing the Red Line? National Lessons from a New York Homeowner Policy

The centrality of home equity to the balance sheets of American households, and the oppressive legacy of racial exclusion from mortgage markets, compel the design of intentionally anti-racist housing policy capable of building lasting wealth for Black families. In this study, we compare the home-mortgage terms offered to middle-income Whites in the New Deal era, with a contemporary New York City policy offered in formerly redlined districts. The city's Housing Development Fund Corporation policy is for limited-income households but does not limit down payments nor qualify for federal home loans. Using mined listing data and the 2017 Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find more than 80% of income-eligible urban Black households lack the wealth to purchase the median listing, versus 51% of Whites. Moreover, the policy's market exclusions preclude access to what is now substantial accumulated equity. Unit owners face wide-scale housing-code violations and property seizure, highlighting the limitations of “limited equity” ownership, which counteracts wealth creation. We draw two primary lessons. First, anti-racist policy cannot demand substantial financial assets. Second, financing schemes for building improvement or climate-responsive adaptation, in addition to initial purchase, should be well-tailored to family budgets and designed to deliver equity to the formerly excluded.

THE INFLUENCE OF AWARENESS, TRIAL, PREFERENCE, DEVOTION, AND FANATICISM ON THE REPURCHASE INTENTION OF INDOMIE PRODUCTS

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level and influence of awareness, trial, preference, devotion and fanaticism of Indomie customers in Jabodetabek. The research was carried out using an online questionnaire given to respondents who were consumers of Indomie products in Jabodetabek. Based on the descriptive analysis of Indomie consumers in Jabodetabek, the level of awareness is very good, the level of trial is good, the level of preference is good, the level of devotion and fanaticism tends to be quite good. As for purchase intention, purchase decision and repurchase intention, they are included in the fairly good criteria. Judging from the results of the hypothesis testing, it is known that The results indicate that awareness significantly influences both purchase intention and purchase decision. Similarly, trial positively impacts purchase intention and purchase decision. Furthermore, preference has a significant effect on purchase intentions but not on purchase decisions. The findings also reveal that preference does significantly affect repurchase intention. Devotion significantly influences the repurchase decision. But contrary to expectations, devotion does not affect repurchase intentions. Similarly, fanaticism has no significant effect on purchase decisions. Lastly, the study confirms that fanaticism influences repurchase intention, purchase intention influences purchase decision, and purchase decision positively affects repurchase intention. That highlights the importance of the initial purchase decision in shaping future repeat purchases.

Organizing Maintenance Service Contracts for Initial Purchases: The Interplay Among Product Type, Service Type, and Service Approach

Organizing Maintenance Service Contracts for Initial Purchases: The Interplay Among Product Type, Service Type, and Service Approach

Mode shift behaviour and user willingness to adopt the electric two-wheeler: A study based on Indian road user preferences

As per statistics, two-wheeler (TW) alone shares the highest number of vehicle registrations in India, which develops the various transportation-related issues such as traffic conflicts, congestions, and pollutions. Electric two-wheelers (E-TW) are a better alternative to conventional two-wheelers because of their significant advantage in mitigating environmental impacts. But E-TWs are less attractive among road users due to unawareness of the benefits of E-TW. In addition, the traditional methods are less accurate in predicting users' mode choice behavior because of their limitations. Therefore, there is a need to conduct a study to understand the road user's willingness to adopt E-TW and find a suitable method for predicting mode choice behavior accurately. This study analyzes the Indian road users encouraging and discouraging factors to adopt E-TW and investigates the application of non-traditional models for estimating mode shift behaviour towards E-TW. Based on the literature review and expert opinion, a detailed questionnaire form was framed, and a total of 522 samples were collected from four states of India. The data findings show that Indian road users prefer TW compared to public transport, private four-wheeler, paratransit, and non-motorized transport because of its easy to ride, low maintenance, fast and convenient travel nature. The environmental concern of reducing air pollution and lower vehicle operating costs are significant factors that encourage E-TW adoption. However, the non-availability of charging infrastructure, lower speed, higher initial purchase cost, and lack of awareness about EVs are the significant discouraging factors in adopting E-TW in India. Further, Machine Learning (ML) methods were adopted to predict the mode shift behaviour from the fuel based TW to E-TW, and the results were compared with the Binary Logit (BL) method. The model results indicated that Support vector machine predicted the mode shift behavior with the highest accuracy rate compared with other methods such as Artificial Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, and BL. The outcome of this study would help the transportation planner, EV manufacturers, researchers, and policymakers to understand the Indian user's preference to adopt E-TW.

Start Small and Stay Small: Anchoring in App-Based Investing

Stock trading apps have encouraged millions of people to begin micro-investing. While investing is beneficial in the long-run, we demonstrate a potential downside to the micro-investing trend. Using a novel data set of stock trades from an app-based broker, we show that anchoring leads to lower wealth accumulation when investors start their journey with a small first purchase. A unique feature of the broker’s platform allows us to disentangle anchoring from a rational repetition strategy: stock gift cards. Since the value of a stock gift card is determined exogenously, the amount of that gift card represents a true external anchor for the recipient, affecting subsequent behaviors. Over one year, a $1 increase in the amount of an investor’s initial stock purchase results in a $4.63 increase in the total amount that an investor contributes to their investment account, all else equal.

Development of a 3D Printed New Metering Mechanism for a Multi-Crop Seed Broadcasting System Using an Autonomous Small-Scale Vehicle

Developing countries in Asia widely use manual seed broadcasting methods due to a lack of appropriate seeding machinery. The agricultural sector is currently facing labor shortages and high labor costs, especially seasonal labor shortages for broadcasting and transplanting operations. However, the primary constraint in adopting existing broadcasting seeders for small-scale farmers in developing countries is the high initial purchase costs. Therefore, developing locally commercial accessible technology for small-scale farmers is an urgent requirement. In this regard, attempt was taken to develop a new low-cost 3D printed seeder that can be used for multi-crop seed broadcasting operations when integrated with an autonomous terrain vehicle. A new seed metering mechanism was proposed for seed broadcasting that can be controlled electronically from the autonomous terrain vehicle. Positional sensors based on the real time kinematics—global navigation satellite system (RTK-GNSS) were used to record positional information. The best observation was noted at a vehicle operational speed of 0.351 ms−1 and had a coefficient of variation (CV) referring to the distribution uniformity of seeds of 19% for green peas, 22% for cowpeas, and 25% for chickpeas. The developed seeder could spread multi-crop seeds and adjust the seed rates electronically at the different ranges of rotational speeds. Therefore, the use of 3D printed fabricated prototype seed broadcasting units with small-scale autonomous vehicles can be implemented to help in labor supplements and perform the broadcasting of different seeds.

Decision-making model for the specification of wood as an input for the production of wooden musical instruments

Abstract The main aim of the paper is to propose formalised decision-making model for the selection of suitable parts of raw wood for the production of musical instruments and to decrease uncertainty in the purchasing process. It deals with the problem which was never solved before. The paper presents the methodology of input evaluation, considering the principles of sustainable development. We present by means of a supplier selection example and criteria evaluation, that an outranking approach may be very well suited as a decision-making tool for initial purchasing decisions. We have identified this step from the scientific point of view and from the questionnaire sent to musical instrument producers. There were used the following methods: questionnaire, decision tree and statistical methods of questionnaire processing. Our proposed decision tool/methodology could help on both sides of supply chain – as on the side of raw wood supply as on the side of raw wood demand. Based on the results of scientific research we can say that all assessed hypotheses were confirmed and, in the following, it was designed decision-making model by the method of decision tree. We have developed a conceptual model of buyer’s decision-making uncertainty can be reduced by the buyer’s perceptions of supplier trust, supplier commitment, and supplier dependence. Based on data collected from a questionnaire, our study confirms the negative effect of buyers’ trust in the supplier on their uncertainty in purchase decisions. It helps to optimise the identification, specification and evaluation of key factors for a wood as an input into the production of musical instruments. From the economic point of view, our proposals could help to increase value added in the production of wooden musical instruments and at the same time it could decrease possible waste from the undesirable raw wood input.

Compact and Cost-Effective Oil Expeller

Abstract: Oil has become an essential commodity in various fields, including cooking. In India, coconuts are produced abundantly, making it the third-largest coconut-producing nation worldwide. Despite the massive demand for coconut oil, there is a shortage of its production, & the majority of the entities producing the oil are large-scale industries, with only a few operating in local shops. The solution to this problem lies in the "Compact & Cost-Effective Coconut Oil Expeller," which has the potential to increase oil production & address the current gaps. The machine can operate with low quantities of copra, allowing customers to produce oil based on their requirements. Furthermore, it is a zero-waste process that enables the sale of the leftover parts after oil extraction. By facilitating chemical-free oil extraction & reducing space & initial purchase costs, the expeller machine offers an opportunity for small-scale industries to set up a profitable business, similar to flour mills in the area. This project addresses the issues with the currently used oil extractors, leading to the design & fabrication of an automatic portable oil extractor that could enhance the life & functionality of the unit for small-scale industries. The project also incorporates a solar panel for multipurpose use, making it functional even in the absence of electricity. Ultimately, this work contributes to reducing the running cost of an industry & prevents sudden breakdowns on the shop floor, making it a valuable addition to the oil extraction industry

MP23-20 A SINGLE CENTER COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO SINGLE USE DIGITAL FLEXIBLE URETEROSCOPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RENAL STONES LESS THAN 2 CM

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP23-20 A SINGLE CENTER COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO SINGLE USE DIGITAL FLEXIBLE URETEROSCOPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RENAL STONES LESS THAN 2 CM Fouad Zanaty, Mohamed Elshazly, Hossam Kandeel, and Baher Salman Fouad ZanatyFouad Zanaty More articles by this author , Mohamed ElshazlyMohamed Elshazly More articles by this author , Hossam KandeelHossam Kandeel More articles by this author , and Baher SalmanBaher Salman More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003248.20AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: For renal stones <2 cm, guidelines recommend the use of retrograde intrarenal surgery as a first line treatment option. Many available single use flexible ureteroscopy were found. We aim to compare the effectiveness of two single use flexible ureteroscopy; Pusen uscope 3011 versus LithoVue in the management of renal stones less than 2 cm. METHODS: Our study prospectively included 60 patients equally divided in to 2 groups; Pusen group and LithoVue group during the period from June 2020 to June 2021. The included patients were above 18 years old. Perioperative details as operative time, fluoroscopy time, hospital stay and complications were recorded. Stone free rate was assessed. Base purchase cost was also compared. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups regarding age, gender and body mass index (BMI), stones size, side, number and location. The perioperative evaluation and outcome had no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding the operative time, hospital stay, access sheath use, and stone free rate or radiation exposure. Among all cases we had 49 cases (81.6%) with no postoperative complications (21 cases for Pusen group and 28 cases for Lithovue group). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher among Pusen group than lithoVue group (p=0.02). Initial purchase cost for both FURS had no significant difference (p=0.86). CONCLUSIONS: RIRS can be performed effectively with Pusen 3011 and LithoVue single use flexible ureteroscopy in patients diagnosed with renal calculi <2 cm with superior outcomes with LithoVue. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e314 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Fouad Zanaty More articles by this author Mohamed Elshazly More articles by this author Hossam Kandeel More articles by this author Baher Salman More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Order effect of multi‐touchpoints on Generation Z consumers

AbstractAbundant user‐generated content has increasingly driven consumers to form or modify their purchasing decisions based on interactions with other consumers, although the extant research overlooks the customer‐to‐customer (C2C) interaction touchpoints. Based on the customer journey characteristics of cross‐channel and multi‐frequency interactions, this study explores the impact of interaction valence and interaction channel sequence on Generation Z consumers' purchase attitudes from the perspective of attitude modification process. Using a scenario‐based experimental design in a restaurant setting, we sample 616 Generation Z students. Findings suggest that C2C interactions that have the same valence at each touchpoint strengthen Generation Z consumers' initial purchase attitude, whereas inconsistent valences modify purchase attitudes. Our results reveal that a negative‐to‐positive ordering is more conducive to the formation of a positive purchase attitude than a positive‐to‐negative ordering. Moreover, the cross‐channel sequence of a customer journey moderates the inconsistent valence order such that the positive‐to‐negative order improves purchase attitude more than the negative‐to‐positive order. This study explains theoretically the difference of ambivalent experiences on Generation Z consumer attitudes. We provide practical suggestions for multi‐channel restaurant enterprises to successfully employ customer journey touchpoint management.

A single center comparative study of two single use digital flexible ureteroscopy in the management of renal stones less than 2 cm

PurposeFor renal stones < 2 cm, guidelines recommend the use of retrograde intrarenal surgery as a first line treatment option. Many available single use flexible ureteroscopy were found. We aim to compare the effectiveness of two single use flexible ureteroscopy; Pusen Uscope 3011 versus LithoVue in the management of renal stones less than 2 cm.MethodsOur study prospectively included 60 patients equally divided in to two groups: Pusen group and LithoVue group during the period from June 2020 to June 2021. The included patients were above 18 years old. Perioperative details as operative time, fluoroscopy time, hospital stay, and complications were recorded. Stone free rate was assessed. Base purchase cost was also compared.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), stones size, side, number and location. The perioperative evaluation and outcome had no statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding the operative time, hospital stay, access sheath use, and stone free rate or radiation exposure. Among all cases, we had 49 cases (81.6%) with no postoperative complications (21 cases for Pusen group and 28 cases for LithoVue group). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher among Pusen group than LithoVue group (p = 0.02). Initial purchase cost for both FURS had no significant difference (P = 0.86).ConclusionRIRS can be performed effectively with Pusen 3011 and LithoVue single use flexible ureteroscopy in patients diagnosed with renal calculi < 2 cm with superior outcomes with LithoVue.