Initial Prototype Research Articles

Implementation and performance evaluation of the real-time algorithms for Wendelstein 7-X divertor protection system for OP2.1

A new Infrared (IR) image analysis system will be deployed for real-time divertor protection during the upcoming Operational Phase (OP) 2.1 in the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator. Its primary objective is to prevent thermal overloads from permanently damaging Plasma-Facing Components (PFCs), resulting in machine downtimes and repair costs. The real-time constraint for this system is 110ms, which is the maximum allowed delay entailing the acquisition, calibration, processing, and interlock, while all processing steps have to complete within 10ms allowing for processing longer than the acquisition time of 10ms at 100Hz. This paper describes the implementation, real-time processing performance and detection effectiveness of Thermal Overload Detection (TOD). The implemented and evaluated TOD system fulfils real-time constraints. It reduces the total system delay to 50ms and provides high detection sensitivity of 0.97 for archived discharge sequences from the OP1.2 campaign. The attained acceleration is significant, i.e., a 95% and 99% decrease in runtime for the sequential Central Processing Unit (CPU) and parallel Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) implementations, respectively, compared to the initial Python prototype. For the first time, the presented results confirm the feasibility of protecting W7-X in real-time comprising fundamentals for further advanced protection and control.

Bio-Modules: Mycelium-Based Composites Forming a Modular Interlocking System through a Computational Design towards Sustainable Architecture

In a resource-constrained world, raising awareness about the development of eco-friendly alternative materials is critical for ensuring a more sustainable future. Mycelium-based composites (MBC) and their diverse applications are gaining popularity as regenerative, biodegradable, and lightweight alternatives. This research aims to broaden the design potentials of MBC in order to construct advanced systems towards a novel material culture in architecture. The proposed design method intends to explore the design and fabrication of small-scale components of MBC to be applied in modular systems. Mycelium-based modular components are being developed to fulfill the geometrical requirements that allow for the creation of a lightweight system without additional reinforcement. The modules are linked together using an interlocking system. Through computational design and form-finding methods, various arrangements of the modules are achieved. An initial prototype of five modules is created to demonstrate the ability of the system to form various geometrical configurations as a result of the used workflow. The proposed application aims to expand the scope of the use of mycelium-based composites in modular systems and to promote architectural applications using bio-based composite materials.

ReachCare Mobile Apps for Patients Experiencing Suicidality in the Emergency Department: Development and Usability Testing Using Mixed Methods.

Many individuals with suicide risk present to acute care settings such as emergency departments (EDs). However, staffing and time constraints mean that many EDs are not well equipped to deliver evidence-based interventions for patients experiencing suicidality. An existing intervention initiated in the ED for patients with suicide risk (Emergency Department Safety Assessment and Follow-up Evaluation [ED-SAFE]) has been found to be effective but faces trenchant barriers for widespread adoption. On the basis of the ED-SAFE intervention, we aimed to develop 2 apps for patients with suicide risk: a web app guiding patients through safety planning in the ED (ED app) and a smartphone app providing patients components of the ED-SAFE program on their phones after discharge (patient app). We then tested the usability of these apps with patients presenting to the ED with suicide risk. Using a user-centered design framework, we first developed user personas to explore the needs and characteristics of patients who are at risk for suicide using inputs from clinicians (n=3) and suicidologists (n=4). Next, we validated these personas during interviews with individuals with lived experience of suicidality (n=6) and used them to inform our application designs. We field-tested the apps with ED patients presenting with suicide risk (n=14) in 2 iterative cycles to assess their usability and engagement using a mixed methods approach. We also rated the quality and fidelity of the safety plans created. We developed 2 interoperable and complementary apps. The first is a web app designed for use on a tablet device during ED admission that guides the patient by creating a safety plan using a chatbot-style interface. The second is a smartphone app for use after discharge and allows the patient to view, edit, and share their completed safety plan; access self-care education, helplines, and behavioral health referrals; and track follow-up appointments with the study clinician. The initial prototype usability testing (n=9) demonstrated satisfactory scores (ED app System Usability Scale [SUS], mean 78.6/100, SD 24.1; User Engagement Scale, mean 3.74/5, SD 0.72; patient app SUS, mean 81.7/100, SD 20.1). After refining the apps based on participant feedback, the second cycle testing (n=5) showed improvement (ED app SUS, mean 90.5/100, SD 9.9; User Engagement Scale, mean 4.07/5, SD 0.36; patient app SUS, mean 97.0/100, SD 1.9). The quality ratings for completed safety plans were satisfactory (Safety Planning Intervention Scoring Algorithm-Brief, mean 27.4, SD 3.4). By adopting a user-centered approach and creating personas to guide development, we were able to create apps for ED patients with suicide risk and obtain satisfactory usability, engagement, and quality scores. Developing digital health tools based on user-centered design principles that deliver evidence-based intervention components may help overcome trenchant implementation barriers in challenging health care settings.

Design of Quasi-Halbach Permanent-Magnet Vernier Machine for Direct-Drive Urban Vehicle Application

Removing the gearbox from the single-motor configuration of an electric vehicle (EV) would improve motor-to-wheel efficiency by preventing mechanical losses, thus extending the autonomy of the EV. To this end, a permanent-magnet Vernier machine (PMVM) is designed to ensure such operation. This machine avoids the high volume and large pole-pair number of the armature winding since its operating principle resembles that of a synchronous machine with an integrated magnetic gear. Therefore, such a structure achieves low-speed and high-torque operation at standard supply frequencies. From the specification of an urban vehicle, the required specification for direct-drive operation is first determined. On this basis, an initial prototype of a Vernier Machine with permanent magnets in the rotor that can replace the traction part (motor + gearbox) is designed and sized. This first prototype uses radial contiguous surface-mounted magnets and its performance is then analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA), showing a relatively high torque ripple ratio. The rotor magnets are then arranged in a quasi-Halbach configuration and simulations are performed with different stator slot openings and different ratios of the tangential part of the magnet in order to quantify the effect of each of these two quantities in terms of average torque, torque ripples and harmonics of the back-electromotive force at no load. Since the design and optimization of this motor is finite element-assisted, a coupling process between FEA Flux software and Altair HyperStudy is implemented for optimization. This method has the advantages of high accuracy of the magnetic flux densities and electromagnetic torque estimates, and especially the torque ripples. The optimization process leads to a prototype with an average torque value that meets the specification, along with a torque ripple ratio below 5% and a high power factor, while keeping the same amount of magnet and copper.

Design and Development of Hybrid Solar-Wind Energy Storage System for Storage Capacity

This research paper introduces a hybrid energy storage system using both wind energy and solar energy so that it can remarkably increase the energy storage capacity and the output power of the system. The proposed system is mainly used for storage purposes and the renewable energy sources are used instead of non-renewable energy source. Hybrid systems are considered an efficient research area in energy storage systems owning to their excellent output efficiency and better and excellent charge generation in case of any environmental conditions. It uses the conventional charging controller to charge the battery when wind and extreme solar irradiation conditions occur. The proposed project has started with MATLAB software simulation of the wind storage system and the solar energy storage system. After the Matlab Simulation, the prototype working model has been designed in an efficient manner with all the necessary components in both initial level prototype model and the final level prototype model. Then the working model is developed with the final model design. The results of the generated power from this hybrid energy storage system has been tested and verified by connecting the necessary details.

Numerical and experimental investigation on water vortex power plant to recover the energy from industrial wastewater

Waste energy recovery is crucial to improving the overall energy efficiency of any industry. Industrial wastewater discharge contains a considerable amount of hydraulic energy, a waste that can recover using micro-hydropower concepts. Gravitational water vortex power (GWVP) is considered one of the most suitable micro-hydro extraction methods for such applications. Therefore, this study mainly focused on the numerical and experimental investigation of the GWVP plant, which was designed based on discharge water flow from an industrial fish farm located on the south coast of the Republic of Korea. The initial prototype model was investigated by simulations and experiments evaluating performance under three conditions: different rotational speeds, flow rates and water levels. The maximum hydraulic efficiency was recorded as 61.3% in simulation while 60.5% in the experiment for the prototype model. Then the actual scale simulation is also conducted to compare the performance with Froud similarity prediction. Actual scale simulation yields 6 kW of extracted power having 63.3% efficiency, whereas the deviation of efficiencies occurs due to the scaling effects. Thus, the flow field of each case was analysed considering the water-air interface, pressure contours and velocity vectors while justifying the variation of performance. Since the target power output was reached in the designed GWVP plant, an actual site application was proposed to recover the industrial waste energy as a sustainable solution.

A Prospective Outlook on the Development of Exoskeletal Knee Joints for Prostheses via a Design Concept Evaluation Approach

Disability is a complex multidimensional challenge and it can substantially limit the major life activities of a person. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, it is estimated that 3.73% of the population have functional disabilities. People with disability always stay in the same posture which limits their social independence. A brief introduction and a literature review about exoskeletal prostheses and a preliminary analysis of the biomechanics of passive knees are presented in this paper. The proposed knee joint design has key features that are similar to other currently available knee joints for prosthetic legs. The main components of our design include single-axis knee joints, legs, and sockets. We limited our investigation to a handful of biomechanical variables that can be easily evaluated and generate some targets for long-term rehabilitation research. Thus, by following the cognitive principle of engineering design methodology, i.e. the “weight and rate criterion,” we provide a preliminary concept and theoretical calculations for the development of a cost-effective knee joint system. The Ansys engineering simulation and three-dimensional design software such as SOLIDWORKS simulation were utilized to provide an outlook of our initial prototype. In addition, by subjective and objective approaches, from our theoretical calculation for our designed product, the factor of safety was determined to be higher than 1.5.

Oscillating Back Pressure Regulator (OBPR) for High-Pressure Core Flooding

The challenge in the core analysis industry is the availability of a versatile back pressure regulator (BPR) that can operate efficiently at ultra-low or no-flow conditions at very high pressure. The existing models of back pressure regulators are limited to a specific range of operating conditions, automation, and robust core flooding environment. In this work, we developed an initial stage prototype of an Oscillating BPR (OBPR), emphasizing detailed instrumentation and implemented automation. The critical component in an OBPR is the valve that needs to operate within defined close and open position based on the feedback received from an encoder rather than the oscillation created by the flow system or by using a square wave oscillator. The paper investigates the static and dynamic characteristics of the newly designed OBPR instrument. The paper discusses the graphical programming LabVIEW software used to create the feedback control loop using the PID controller. Initial results of the test run were done with the different core flooding systems like Water, Brine, and CO2. The study also included comparing OBPR pressure performance with the standard back pressure regulator in the market.

Development of a video-based evidence synthesis knowledge translation resource: Drawing on a user-centred design approach.

We aimed to develop a video animation knowledge translation (KT) resource to explain the purpose, use and importance of evidence synthesis to the public regarding healthcare decision-making. We drew on a user-centred design approach to develop a spoken animated video (SAV) by conducting two cycles of idea generation, prototyping, user testing, analysis, and refinement. Six researchers identified the initial key messages of the SAV and informed the first draft of the storyboard and script. Seven members of the public provided input on this draft and the key messages through think-aloud interviews, which we used to develop an SAV prototype. Seven additional members of the public participated in think-aloud interviews while watching the video prototype. All members of the public also completed a questionnaire on perceived usefulness, desirability, clarity and credibility. We subsequently synthesised all data to develop the final SAV. Researchers identified the initial key messages as 1) the importance of evidence synthesis, 2) what an evidence synthesis is and 3) how evidence synthesis can impact healthcare decision-making. Members of the public rated the initial video prototype as 9/10 for usefulness, 8/10 for desirability, 8/10 for clarity and 9/10 for credibility. Using their guidance and feedback, we produced a three-and-a-half-minute video animation. The video was uploaded on YouTube, has since been translated into two languages, and viewed over 12,000 times to date. Drawing on user-centred design methods provided a structured and transparent approach to the development of our SAV. Involving members of the public enhanced the credibility and usefulness of the resource. Future work could explore involving the public from the outset to identify key messages in developing KT resources explaining methodological topics. This study describes the systematic development of a KT resource with limited resources and provides transferrable learnings for others wishing to do similar.

Towards the Development of a Blockchain-based Decentralized Digital Credential System using Hyperledger Fabric for Participatory Governance

The Philippines’ ICT agenda to promote participatory e-Governance, industry and countryside development, and ICT user protection and information security can be addressed by Blockchain. This study used Hyperledger Fabric to develop a Blockchain network for a secured and validated system for issuing, distributing, and sharing digital credentials. For the initial prototype, the network was tested on two use cases: national identification system and academic credentials. Chaincodes were developed for each type of digital credential and deployed into designated Channels in the network. Initial results show that a Blockchain-based system using the Hyperledger Fabric framework is feasible for developing a secure digital credential platform. The current architecture can support the implementation of the initial use cases and can also accommodate the addition of new use cases in the future. The current iteration of our work provides the groundwork for developing a production-level ready platform. Future work for this study includes the development of the end-user web application where users can interact with the network and initiate transactions. The deployment of the Blockchain network may pave the way toward decentralized e-Participatory governance.

CAREMOBI: AN APP CONNECTING CAREGIVERS, ADULT DAY CENTERS, AND HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS CARING FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA

Abstract Fragmented communication between care partners, health care providers, and adult day centers around the needs of persons living with dementia (PLWD) contributes to avoidable health care utilization. CareMOBI, is a user-centered mobile application that streamlines information exchange around datapoints relevant to the care of PLWD. CareMOBI facilitates team-based communication around emerging clinical problems by uniquely integrating the knowledge and day-to-day observations of adult day center staff and care partners. We present a stakeholder engaged approach to iteratively designing and validating an initial prototype. Through interviews and focus groups with adult day center staff (n=31), primary care providers (n=22), and family caregivers (n=13) we identified barriers to communication across settings. We then visually mapped the domains of a future app which we subsequently validated and refined with end-users (n=25). We present our current prototype which synthesizes these findings and addresses key barriers to information exchange across community settings serving PLWD.

The hybrid origin of the dragon-wrapped column in Han dynasty China

ABSTRACT This article is the first thorough account of the dragon-wrapped column in a Western language. In contrast to previous scholarship, this study finds that the initial prototype of the dragon-wrapped column dates to the Han dynasty rather than the Song dynasty. This study delves into the imagery of dragon-wrapped columns and other dragon-related serpentine columns in Han literature and in artifacts discovered in Han tombs. It also addresses the thinking process of “wrapping the column,” referencing earlier instances of wrapped columns that served as the technological and conceptual ground for creating the dragon-wrapped column at the time. Furthermore, this article demonstrates that the use of a helical design on the bodies of columns is not exclusive to ancient Chinese art but is also present in ancient Greco-Roman art of the eastern Mediterranean region, where it may have originated from the Mesopotamian serpent-wrapped column. Meanwhile, the numerous foreign images and Western Asian–style objects uncovered in Han tomb excavations in southern Shandong and northern Jiangsu provinces and all along the coast indicate that these regions had close maritime trade and cultural exchange channels with the West.

Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Learning Akuntansi Sektor Publik dengan Metode Prototyping

The development of computer-based learning models (e-learning) is so rapid. In Indonesia, various universities have implemented e-learning for their students. In addition, in- general, there are many e-learning applications that offer learning packages that can be used by learners. However, the learning packages offered to the general public are still limited (some are paid). With the enthusiasm to succeed the independent learning policy launched by the government, the researcher proposes an e-learning application that presents material on public sector accounting. This public sector accounting e-learning application can be used for free by anyone, anytime, anywhere with any teacher.Given that users of public sector accounting e-learning are all levels of Indonesian society whose needs are difficult to identify, there will be a big challenge in developing e-learning that suits user needs. Therefore, the development of public sector accounting e-learning is proposed using the prototyping method. The system development steps consist of planning, analysis, design and implementation stages. In the analysis stage, the researcher develops an initial prototype and analyzes user needs by submitting a survey to get the level of user wawsatisfaction as measured by the Customer Satisfaction Index method and explores user needs.This study shows that the curriculum-based prototype of e-learning Public Sector Accounting provides a level of user satisfaction (Customer Satisfaction Index) which can be categorized into excellent criteria, which is 90.52%. In addition, based on a survey on the initial prototype, many students want learning media in the form of slides, videos and practice questions.

Translating the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised into Clinical Practice Using Person-Centered Measurement Principles

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To co-create a Recovery Ruler, that visualizes Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) assessment results, reflecting person-centered measurement principles (co-created, patient-driven, holistic, transparent, comprehensible and timely). We examined pre-implementation factors (usability, acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility) to determine whether the Recovery Ruler was ready for usability testing. <h3>Design</h3> Concurrent mixed methods using two design groups and four surveys. <h3>Setting</h3> N/A. <h3>Participants</h3> 6 family care partners (FCP) and 8 rehabilitation practitioners (RP) who have experience caring for a person with disorders of consciousness following a brain injury. <h3>Interventions</h3> N/A. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> System Usability Scale (SUS), Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM), and Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM). <h3>Results</h3> An initial prototype of a Recovery Ruler visualized the CRS-R keyform from Rasch analysis. Content analysis identified Recovery Ruler elements that could be added, removed, or changed. During design group 1, participants added a descriptive text box to incorporate the patient's preferences (patient driven), suggested the Recovery Ruler be laminated to place at the patient's bedside (transparent), and changed words to clarify concepts (comprehensible). These changes were reflected in a revised Recovery Ruler during Design Group 2. There was a significant increase between the SUS scores from the revised Recovery Ruler shown during Design Group 2 (M=83.3, SD=11.9) and initial Recovery Ruler prototype shown in Design Group 1 (M= 77.9, SD=13.3) indicating improved usability; t(11) 1.84, p=0.045. The Wilcoxon singed rank test suggested that results from Design Group 2 on the AIM and IAM were statistically significantly higher than the results on these scales from Design Group 1 indicating improved acceptability and appropriateness. The FIM did not show a statistically significant difference between scores from each design group, but the median and mean were consistently > 4 (agree) on the average scale score indicating good feasibility. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Complex information from a Rasch co-calibration was embedded into the Recovery Ruler that reflects person-centered measurement principles. FCPs and RPs determined the Recovery Ruler is usable, acceptable, appropriate, and feasible, ultimately ready for usability testing. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> N/A.

Detection of Early Molecular Response (EMR) and Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Using a Validated Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Assay for the Detection of Tumor Variants in Circulating Tumor (ct)DNA

DLBCL is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults. Although frontline standard of care treatment is effective in 60-70% of patients, 10-15% have primary resistance and 20-30% will relapse within 18 months. There is an unmet need to predict treatment refractoriness and relapse in order to intensify treatment approaches early during induction therapy. Early molecular response (EMR), defined as the dynamics of ctDNA after one cycle of immunochemotherapy, was shown to be prognostic in a small cohort of first-line DLBCL patients (Kurtz et. al. J. Clin. Oncol 2018), and recently validated using samples from the POLARIX study (NCT03274492) in previously untreated DLBCL. To support clinical studies, the Roche Molecular CAP/CLIA Laboratory has developed and validated the AVENIO Oncology Assay Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Test (AOA NHL Test) that uses next generation sequencing of plasma cell-free (cf)DNA and of matched genomic (g)DNA to identify tumor-specific single nucleotide variants (reporter SNVs) in a panel of > 400 genomic regions and to monitor the dynamics of the reporter SNVs on treatment using a Monte-Carlo p-value statistical algorithm (Newman et. al. Nat Biotechnol 2016). The AOA NHL Test determines ctDNA presence or absence as an indicator of MRD, and assigns high-risk or low-risk EMR status in patients with DLBCL by measuring changes in ctDNA burden on treatment and applying a previously established cutoff. The analytical validation studies for the AOA NHL Test were designed to address accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, linearity, and precision of the following 1) variant detection in plasma samples; 2) ctDNA detection (measured as mean allele fraction (AF) of reporter SNVs using a Monte-Carlo p-value statistical algorithm); and 3) classification accuracy of the log-fold change (LFC) of mean mutant molecules per mL of plasma (MMPM), using clinically relevant cutoffs. Validation samples consisted of Genome in a Bottle blended gDNAs, serial dilution of healthy donor cfDNA blends, and serial dilution of DLBCL ctDNA into healthy donor cfDNA. Key results of the analytical validation are shown in Table 1. In summary, analytical validation of the AOA NHL Test demonstrated high sensitivity for detection of individual variants and ctDNA, and the capability of accurately detecting changes in ctDNA levels as measured by LFC in MMPM. The assay sensitivity improves with the increase in cfDNA input mass as well as the number of reporter variants while specificity (i.e. ability to detect signal over noise) can be maintained from sample to sample by pre-selecting a Monte-Carlo p-value cutoff. The final recommended sample acceptance criteria as well as sequencing QC metrics will be presented. Of 858 cases of DLBCL patients examined using the initial assay prototype and the validated AOA NHL Test, including samples from the POLARIX biomarker validation study, 846 (98.6%) had identifiable reporter variants in pre-treatment plasma samples with a median number of reporter SNVs of 137 per patient (range 1-1039), demonstrating that almost 100% of patients can be monitored with this assay. Of the 12 patients with no detectable reporters, 11 had less than 10 ng cfDNA available, highlighting the importance of sufficient sample input criteria established by analytical validation. The test is currently being used in a global prospective Phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04980222) to test the safety and efficacy of glofitamab in combination with R-CHOP in patients with High Risk EMR status. Acknowledgements: Alex Lovejoy for advice on the analytical validation design, Suzanne Cheng, Jennifer Holmstrom and Jill Ray for program management, and Bowdoin Su and Yanwen Jiang for abstract preparation. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Using of prototyping in develop an employee information management

The software development process is witnessing an increasing trend among many educational and non-educational institutions and companies. Where many enterprise managers are attracted to the benefits of software development to improve the performance of the existing programs and increase their efficiency.The present study aims to develop an employee information management system. To obtain this objective, the initial Prototype was adopted in the development process. A new analysis and design that is commensurate with the opinions of senior managers is conducted in the present study with the participation of users to facilitate the process of software design and to analyze the current system for development purposes using prototypes in the UML environment.On the other hand, Through this study, we reached results There are many benefits through the development of the existing programs such as reducing costs and time that systems designers spend in the stages of system creation through implementation, training, maintenance, and system testing.

Towards Image Guided Magnetic Resonance Elastography via Active Driver Positioning Robot.

This work demonstrates the initial prototype of an MRE driver positioning system, allowing capture of displacement wave patterns from various mechanical vibration loading angles under different vibration frequencies through MR imaging. Three different configurations of the MRE driver positioning robot are tested with an intervertebral disc (IVD) shaped gel phantom. Both the octahedral shear stress signal to noise ratio (OSS-SNR) and estimated stiffness show statistically significant dependence on driver configuration in each of the three phantom IVD regions. This dependence demonstrates that driver configuration is a critical factor in MRE, and that the developed robot is capable of producing a range of configurations. This work presents the first demonstration of an active, imaging guided MRE driver positioning system, with significance for the future application of MRE to a wider range of human tissues.

Mobile App Prototype in Older Adults for Postfracture Acute Pain Management: User-Centered Design Approach.

Postfracture acute pain is often inadequately managed in older adults. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies can offer opportunities for self-management of pain; however, insufficient apps exist for acute pain management after a fracture, and none are designed for an older adult population. This study aims to design, develop, and evaluate an mHealth app prototype using a human-centered design approach to support older adults in the self-management of postfracture acute pain. This study used a multidisciplinary and user-centered design approach. Overall, 7 stakeholders (ie, 1 clinician-researcher specialized in internal medicine, 2 user experience designers, 1 computer science researcher, 1 clinical research assistant researcher, and 2 pharmacists) from the project team, together with 355 external stakeholders, were involved throughout our user-centered development process that included surveys, requirement elicitation, participatory design workshops, mobile app design and development, mobile app content development, and usability testing. We completed this study in 3 phases. We analyzed data from prior surveys administered to 305 members of the Canadian Osteoporosis Patient Network and 34 health care professionals to identify requirements for designing a low-fidelity prototype. Next, we facilitated 4 participatory design workshops with 6 participants for feedback on content, presentation, and interaction with our proposed low-fidelity prototype. After analyzing the collected data using thematic analysis, we designed a medium-fidelity prototype. Finally, to evaluate our medium-fidelity prototype, we conducted usability tests with 10 participants. The results informed the design of our high-fidelity prototype. Throughout all the phases of this development study, we incorporated inputs from health professionals to ensure the accuracy and validity of the medical content in our prototypes. We identified 3 categories of functionalities necessary to include in the design of our initial low-fidelity prototype: the need for support resources, diary entries, and access to educational materials. We then conducted a thematic analysis of the data collected in the design workshops, which revealed 4 themes: feedback on the user interface design and usability, requests for additional functionalities, feedback on medical guides and educational materials, and suggestions for additional medical content. On the basis of these results, we designed a medium-fidelity prototype. All the participants in the usability evaluation tests found the medium-fidelity prototype useful and easy to use. On the basis of the feedback and difficulties experienced by participants, we adjusted our design in preparation for the high-fidelity prototype. We designed, developed, and evaluated an mHealth app to support older adults in the self-management of pain after a fracture. The participants found our proposed prototype useful for managing acute pain and easy to interact with and navigate. Assessment of the clinical outcomes and long-term effects of our proposed mHealth app will be evaluated in the future.

Linked Metadata for FAIR Digital Objects Carrying Computable Knowledge

Linked Metadata for FAIR Digital Objects Carrying Computable Knowledge

A Blockchain Based Secure IoT System Using Device Identity Management.

Sharing data securely and efficiently has been identified as an issue in IoT-based smart systems such as smart cities, smart agriculture, smart health, etc. A large number of IoT devices are used in these smart systems and they produce a large amount of data. IoT devices generally have limited storage and processing capabilities, and configuring any security techniques on these devices is a challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel device identity management approach for blockchain-based IoT systems that provides data security in two ways. Firstly, a lightweight time-based identification protocol that uses hub identification for validating data. Secondly, data storage is augmented with an effective blockchain application for providing easy access and immutability for data sharing among multiple parties. Our initial prototype implementation shows that: our identity management approach can be implemented in large scale settings, our system can be effectively implemented in blockchain platforms, and our performance evaluation result shows that the prototype fulfills system requirements adequately.