Initial COD Research Articles

Denitrification of low C/N landfill leachate in lab-scale landfill simulation bioreactors

Old landfill leachate can be characterized by high ammonia nitrogen concentrations and limited biodegradable carbon availability. A promising and cost-effective option for ammonia nitrogen removal involves ex situ nitrification and in situ denitrification.This study aimed to investigate the denitrification capacity of old MSW in six landfill bioreactors with very low COD/NO3−-N mass ratios that ranged between 0.12 and 3.99 g/g. In particular, this study is novel in that it tested COD/NO3−-N mass ratios lower than previous studies. The experiment lasted 83 days. The results showed that denitrification occurred in all bioreactors and even at considerably low concentrations of biodegradable organic matter (BOD5 ≤ 9 mg O2/L). In all but one case, when nitrate removal stopped at 55% due to the absence of leachate recirculation, nitrate removal was higher than 95%.The average nitrate removal rates (ANRRs), calculated under significantly different conditions, ranged from 33 to 135 mg NO3−-N/L/d. The initial COD concentration and COD/NO3−-N ratio did not appear to affect the ANRRs, which were influenced by the initial nitrate concentration and leachate recirculation. The maximum ANRR (135 mg NO3−-N/L/d) was measured with the highest initial nitrate concentration (4491 mg NO3−-N/L) and the lowest COD/NO3−-N mass ratio (0.12 g COD/g NO3−-N). The lowest ANRR (33 mg NO3−-N/L/d) was calculated for a bioreactor with no leachate recirculation.Sulphate production observed in some bioreactors may suggest that, together with the heterotrophic pathway, autotrophic denitrification contributed to the removal of nitrate, especially in bioreactors with low COD/NO3−-N mass ratio.

Photocatalytic treatment of landfill leachate: A comparison between N-, P-, and N-P-type TiO2 nanoparticles

Abstract Landfill leachate is included in the group of recalcitrant wastewaters and its treatment is a necessary measure for environmental protection and sustainable development. Photocatalytic treatment method using N-, P-, and N-P-type TiO2 nanoparticles under visible light irradiation has been recently considered for the treatment of recalcitrant wastewaters. Since the oxidizing agents in each type of nanoparticles are different, their efficiency for pollutant treatment is different. Therefore, this study aims at comparing the leachate treatment efficiency using N-, P-, and N-P-type TiO2 under visible light irradiation. For this purpose, TiO2 nanoparticles were doped by tungsten (W) and carbon (C) separately and simultaneously (W-C). The effect of leachate pH, dopant content, calcination temperature, and exposure time on the leachate treatment efficiency was experimentally investigated and optimized. Finally, the best nanoparticle type for leachate photocatalytic treatment was determined by performing experiments with same leachate under the optimum conditions of each type of nanoparticles. Based on the results, the COD removal efficiency for leachate with 2,050 mg/L initial COD in the photocatalytic treatment process using W-doped, C-doped, and W-C-codoped TiO2 nanoparticles was 46, 60, and 64%, respectively, after 46 h exposure time. The findings of this study provide researchers with new insights about the most efficient doped TiO2 nanoparticles for leachate treatment under visible light irradiation using slurry and fixed bed reactors.

Start-up Characteristics of SNAD Process and Functional Abundance Succession of Volcanic Rock Biological Aerated Filter

A SNAD(simultaneous partial nitrification,ANAMMOX,and denitrification) process initiated in a submerged biological aerated filter (SBAF) was started up by seeding nitrification sludge and an ANAMMOX filter to investigate the operating characteristics and the succession of functional bacteria. The results showed that when the autotrophic nitrogen removal and denitrification were operated stably for 67 days at an initial COD concentration of 60 mg·L-1, the maximum nitrogen removal efficiency, the COD removal rate, and the nitrogen removal rate were 92.0%, 82.9%, and 2.3 kg·(m3·d)-1, respectively. Moreover, the total nitrogen removal rate of the SNAD process in this study was 12.6% higher than that of CANON process. The results of quantitative PCR showed that the abundance of AOB slightly increased, while the abundance of ANAMMOX was one order higher than that before the start-up of SNAD. In comparison, the abundances of denitrifiers and NOB remained at a relatively low level (107 copies·g-1). Taken together, these results suggested that the SBAF process with volcanic filter was beneficial for the accumulation of ANAMMOX and AOB.

A statistical and kinetic approach to develop a Floating Bed for the treatment of wastewater

Abstract Pollution of fresh water bodies is a global threat today and its the right time to take necessary steps to restore those contaminated lakes without disturbing the food web. Floating Bed (FB) is a green and sustainable technology, which can be used in treatment process. The present study aims to design a floating bed and assessing its performance for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Pistia stratiotes is considered as the plant of interest as it contains a plenty of aerenchyma tissues, which keep it in floating condition without any supporting material. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was applied to develop the system and to study the effect of various parameters and their interaction effect on performance. The system was able to remove 96 % COD at an optimum condition : initial COD of 321.3 mg L-1, vegetation coverage ratio of 0.43 and wastewater depth of 29.4 cm. The plant also uptake significant amount of nutrient as effluents of the most experimental runs were contained below 2 mg L-1 of NH4+-N and 4 mg L-1 of and PO43--P. A maximum Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of 0.0847 g g-1day-1 was obtained for Pistia stratiotes, when the vegetation coverage ratio was 0.25. In the kinetic analysis study, it was concluded that biodegradation followed the zero-order and first-order model with R2 value of 0.9765 and 0.9171, respectively. Overall, the system was working well and since it is one of the most eco-friendly technology, can be used in treatment of polluted water body.

USING METAL WASTE SLAGS AS THE HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS OF OZONE FOR TREATMENT OF PULP WASTEWATER

Catalytic ozonation is one of the promising treatment methods for removal of persistent organic compounds from water and wastewater. In this study, some metal slags such as: iron slag, lead slag, zinc slag, cadmium slag and copper slag originated from solid waste of Thai Nguyen Non-ferrous Metals Limited Company, Vietnam were used as heterogeneous catalysts for ozonation process to remove organic compounds from pulp wastewater. The effects of the initial pH (pHi) of pulp wastewater and the metal slag dosage on efficiency of decolorization and mineralization of pulp wastewater, in term of COD were investigated. The results indicated that iron slag was the most suitable catalyst for treatment of pulp wastewater by ozonation process with the highest removal efficiency of COD, namely, after 120 min of ozonation (with flowrate of O3 of 3.038 g/h) of the pulp wastewater (initial COD 1809 mg/L), COD removal efficiency, respectively, reached 91,16%; 84%; 83,83 %; 83,91%; 83,41% and 83,14% in the presence of iron, copper, zinc, lead, cadmium slag and ozone alone. Simultaneously, the color was almost completely removed (95.55 – 98.79%) by ozonation processes with using all before-mentioned metal slags as heterogeneous catalysts and ozone alone. Maximum COD and color removal efficiency obtained at pH 7 for ozonation alone and its combinations with iron slag. Moreover, an increase in the iron slag dosage from 0.125 g/L to 2.0 g/L for O3/iron slag could enhance COD and color removal of pulp wastewater. The K values (apparent first-order rate constant values) showed that the COD removal rate followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. This study also indicated that the main constituent FeO presence in iron slag reaction with O3 in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation system enhances removal efficiency of color and COD of pulp wastewater.

Understanding why fat, oil and grease (FOG) bioremediation can be unsuccessful

Commercial kitchen wastewaters are typically strong organic and fat-rich effluents, often identified as major contributors to fatberg formation and associated blockages in sewers. Experimental trials were done using synthetic kitchen wastewater to understand the complex reactions involved in microbial remediation in grease traps/separators prior discharge in sewers. The principle organic components (FOG, carbohydrate and protein nitrogen), were varied using ranges observed in a previous study on real kitchen wastewater characterisation. A model bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis NCIMB 9375, was used to evaluate microbial utilisation of the different organic fractions in relation to fat, oil and grease (FOG) degradation. Novel results in the treatment of these effluents showed that, the presence and concentration of alternative carbon sources and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (COD:N) had great influence on FOG-degradation response. For example, FOG removal decreased from 24 to 10 mg/l/h when glucose was substitute for starch at equivalent concentrations (500 mg/l); and from 26 to 5 mg/l/h when initial COD:N increased from 45:1 to 147:1. The dominant influence of COD:N was validated using a commercial bioadditive and real kitchen wastewater adjusted to different COD:N ratios, confirming the strong influence of kitchen wastewater composition on bioremediation outcomes. These results can therefore have major implications for biological management of FOG in kitchens and sewers as they provide a scientific explanation for bioremediation success or failure.

Optimization of Biogas Production from Dairy Wastewater using Upflow Anaerobic Filter UAF Reactor

The present study explores the feasibility of biogas production from dairy wastewater in the UAF reactor with simultaneous wastewater treatment. The study was carried out at different hydraulic retention times (8h, 12h, 16h, 24h). Two different media such as pebble stone media and aggregate media were used as the packed media. The maximum COD removal efficiency of 91.55 % is achieved at the hydraulic retention time of 24 Hours with an organic loading rate of 1.35 kg/m3 /d for aggregate media, whereas for pebble stone media a maximum COD removal efficiency of 76.32 % is achieved. Before the start of the experiments, the COD/BOD ratio is fixed to 1.4 with initial COD and BOD of 1350 mg/L and 960 mg/L. So, from the results it is concluded that the Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF) Reactor can be used as a one of the best treatment methods for the diary wastewater treatment.

Potential of Ag–Fe co-doped TiO2 nanocomposite for solar photocatalysis of high COD pharmaceutical effluent and influencing factors

Ag–Fe co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized by sol–gel method followed by calcination and characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, UV–Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Photocatalytic activity of these photocatalysts was compared with undoped TiO2 and Fe-doped TiO2 for the degradation of synthetic wastewater prepared from diflourotriazoleacetophenone (DFTA) (initial concentration of 8 g/L with initial COD of 75,000 mg/L). The nanoparticles were engineered by varying the catalyst composition (Ti/Ag molar ratio 10–55) for efficient photocatalytic degradation of DFTA. Factors affecting degradation such as catalyst dosage (1–8 g/L), adsorption time in dark (15–60 min) and pH (2–8) were studied to determine optimum conditions for wastewater treatment. The catalyst composition with Fe content of 0.5 wt% and Ti-to-Ag molar ratio of 30, catalyst dosage of 3 g/L, pH 5, adsorption time in dark of 30 min and solar radiation time of 5 h were found to be the optimum conditions for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of DFTA.

Prevention of substrate and product inhibitions by using a dilution strategy during dark fermentative hydrogen production from molasses

Substrate and product inhibitions have a significant effect on dark fermentative hydrogen gas production. Particularly, rapid formation of volatile fatty acids leads to fast pH decreases shifting the metabolic pathway. Therefore, controlling volatile fatty acid accumulation has great importance in maintaining effective hydrogen production. In this context, a dilution strategy was applied to regulate volatile fatty acids levels within the desired concentration range. A three-factor Box-Behnken statistical experiment design was established to assess the effects of dilution time, dilution percentage and initial COD concentration on hydrogen formation yield and rate. Highest hydrogen yield (7.7 mL H2/mLreactor) and rate (21. 47 mL H2/h or 9.38 mmol/Lreactor.h) were achieved when 85 gCOD/L containing fermentation media was diluted with a percentage of 130 of the initial working volume at the 3rd hour of the fermentation period. Moreover, this strategy enabled to start fermentation with 55 g glucose/L.

Kinetic and parametric studies of refinery effluent treatment in electrochemical reactor

Treatment of refinery effluent using an electrocoagulation reactor assisted with a natural coagulant, from Acacia tortilis, was investigated under controlled operating conditions. The influence of process variables – namely, type of electrode (copper (Cu), steel and aluminium (Al)), effluent pH (3·5–11·5), influent chemical oxygen (O2) demand (COD) of the effluent (605–2420 mg/l), coagulant dosage (1·0–6·0 g/l), voltage (15–45 V) and current (1·5–2·5 A) – on the COD removal efficiency was investigated. Among the different electrodes tested, the aluminium electrode performed well and could remove 74·2% at an equilibrium time of 90 min. Formation of the aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) complex was identified as the working mechanism. The optimal conditions for better COD removal efficiency were identified as pH 5·5, coagulant dose of 4·0 g/l, voltage of 45 V and current of 2·5 A. The empirical relationship between the coagulant dose and the COD removal percentage was found to be exponential in nature. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to represent the experimental data very well (coefficient of determination > 0·900) and the kinetic constant (k2) was estimated as 0·20 × 10−3(g/mg)/min at an initial effluent COD of 2420 mg/l.

Ultrasonic-assisted H2O2/TiO2 process in catechol degradation: kinetic, synergistic and optimisation via response surface methodology

ABSTRACT This experimental study investigated the performance of Catechol degradation by US/TiO2/H2O2 process as an integrated advance oxidation process. In this experimental study, initial pH, dose of TiO2, initial concentration of Catechol, H2O2 concentration and reaction time parameters optimised BBD. The results suggest that US/TiO2/H2O2 process has a high efficiency in Catechol degradation. Optimum condition of US/TiO2/H2O2 process is pH = 3.43, H2O2 concentration = 130 mg/l, TiO2 dose = 0.34 g/l, Catechol concentration = 12.52 mg/l and reaction time = 70.64 min. According to predicate point, the percentage of Catechol removal in this condition was 96.2 and 92.34 as a predicated and experimental percentage of Catechol removal by this process. The kinetics of reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetic. The synergist effect of sonolysis, TiO2 and H2O2 is 2.09 fold. 70 and 63% of initial COD and TOC were removed. Presence of radical scavenger has an adverse impact on the performance of US/TiO2/H2O2 process.

Hydrogen production by dark fermentation process from pig manure, cocoa mucilage, and coffee mucilage

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the influence of temperature, initial organic load, and C/N ratio in the biochemical hydrogen potential (BHP) by dark fermentation (DF) of mixtures composed of residual biomass derived from the Colombian agro-industry (pig manure, cocoa mucilage, and coffee mucilage) to contribute to residue management and the development of a bio-based economy in Colombia. A Box-Behnken experimental design was constructed, where the variables were as follows: three initial organic loads (2, 5, and 8 g COD/l), three C/N ratios (25, 35, and 45), and three different coffee and cocoa initial COD ratios (coffee mucilage (CFM):cocoa mucilage (CCM)) (1:3, 2:2, and 3:1). The experiments were carried out at thermophilic environments of 55 °C and 45 °C. Sludge from an anaerobic digester pretreated by thermal shock was used as an inoculum. The results of the experimental designs were used (one per temperature) to model the system mathematically. Also, a mathematical model MARS (multivariate adaptive regression splines) was used as an alternative method to corroborate the optimal points obtained. In both models, it was evidenced that at 55 °C and 45 °C, the best mixing conditions indicated a C/N ratio of 45 and the lowest CFM:CCM with a value close to 1:3. Likewise, it was evidenced that at the temperature of 55 °C, the optimum organic load is 8 g COD/l, while 45 °C is 2 g COD/l. Moreover, it was determined that CFM:CCM has less influence than the other independent variables studied, a factor that favors the country’s scope, due to the availability of these two substrates is not permanent throughout the year.

Modeling and optimization of microbial lipid fermentation from cellulosic ethanol wastewater by Rhodotorula glutinis based on the support vector machine

To establish the models of microbial lipid production from cellulosic ethanol wastewater by R. glutinis, the biomass, lipid yield, and COD removal rate were investigated under different conditions. Subsequently, the genetic algorithm based on SVM was adopted to optimize parameters for obtaining the maximum biomass. The results demonstrated that the initial COD and glucose content had a significant effect on lipids synthesis. Most of the organic matter in the wastewater was consumed with the production of lipid. Compared with BP-ANN, SVM had better fitting and generalization ability for small amount of experimental data. By genetic algorithm optimization based on SVM, the maximum biomass and lipid yield could reach 11.87 g/L and 2.18 g/L, respectively. The results suggest that the SVM model could be used as an effective tool to optimize fermentation conditions.

Effect of ammonium and COD concentrations on the performance of fixed-bed air-cathode microbial fuel cells treating reject water

In this study, a bio-electrochemical reactor comprising of anaerobic and aerobic chambers with filled granular activated carbon as biocarrier and third electrode was developed to investigate the effect of ammonium and COD concentrations on the power generation and COD removal. Two important operating parameters including initial COD concentrations (50–2000 mg/L) and initial ammonium concentrations (40–1000 mg/L) were optimized to attain the best response of electricity generation and COD removal using response surface methodology (RSM) through an experiments design software. A total of thirteen runs of experiments were employed for statistical analysis of data and developing empirical model, which has ability to predict optimum condition. Based on the results, the maximum COD removal efficiency was 96.8%, when the produced current at the maximum level was 1.149 mA. It was found that main variables as solely or combination effects significantly affect the efficiency of MFCs.

Integrated Treatment of Saline Oily Wastewater Using Sono-Electrokinetic Process, Degradation Mechanism, and Toxicity Assessment

Integration of sonication (US) with electrokinetic (EK) oxidation was studied for the treatment of a saline oily wastewater, as well as the effect of operating parameters, including pH, voltage, electrode distance (ED), sonication power, and reaction time on COD removal. A COD removal of 98 % was observed for the sono-electrokinetic (SEK) process with an applied voltage of 2.5 V, US power of 300 W, initial COD concentration of 3850 mg L–1, and reaction time of 9 h. The efficiency of SEK over sonication alone and EK oxidation alone was also confirmed with a higher pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant of 0.43 h–1, compared to values of 0.13 and 0.01 for alternative processes. In addition, the biodegradability of effluent was improved based on average oxidation state (AOS) and carbon oxidation state (COS) analysis. Oxygen consumption rate inhibition, dehydrogenase activity inhibition, and growth rate inhibition methods demonstrated the low toxicity of effluent (12–15 %) compared to influent. The current work indicated that SEK is a reliable and efficient technology for the treatment of saline oily wastewaters containing recalcitrant aromatic organics.

Chemical characterizations of biochar from palm oil trunk for palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment

Oil palm trunk (OPT) had been chosen due to its massive volume in local oleochemicals industry. Theoretically, the OPT biomass contains chemical characteristics as potential alternative adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications. In this study, the OPT biochar was produced by using a top-lit updraft (TLUD) gasifier. The designated process yielded 20% w/w. The effective temperature for the gasification process is between 500 °C and 950 °C. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area for the OPT biochar was 95.92 m2/g and the average pore diameter was 8.4 nm. The OPT biochar was categorized as mesoporous adsorbent. It was found out that the aromatic ring and aliphatic functional group was detected in the biochar based on the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis which were commonly found in the biochar prochar produced at maximum temperature of 950 °C. The OPT biochar obtained from this study was an amorphous adsorbent based on the X-ray diffractogram (XRD) graph. Based on the result obtained from the adsorption test, the OPT biochar was capable to provide maximum removal of 49.5% of COD with an initial COD of 2850 mg/L. This study has found that the OPT biochar is a reasonable alternative to be utilized as an adsorbent for wastewater applications.

Optimization of synthesis a new composite of nano-MgO, CNT and Graphite as a catalyst in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation for the treatment of pesticide-laden wastewater

The production of an efficient, reusable, stable and easily separable catalyst in the ozonation process through a reliable procedure is one of the essential requirements of the catalytic ozonation process (COP). In this study, the nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite composite was synthesized to use as a new catalyst in the COP. Synthesis of the nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite was carried out based on the extreme vertices mixture design (EVMD) using three components; MgO nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Graphite. Based on EVMD, 9 compositions were produced. For assessing the catalytic activity of synthesized compositions, pesticide manufacturing plant wastewater (PMPW) (initial COD=617 mg/L and TOC = 121) was treated in COP with new synthesized catalytic. The highest COD and TOC removal and destruction efficiencies were attained with composition C-9. The surface area of the optimum nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite was calculated to be had 221.631 m2 g−1 and a high density of basic surface functional groups. Kinetics of PMPW oxidation indicated that the rate of COD and TOC removal efficiencies in the optimum nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite/O3 process were 12.73 (13.24/1.04 mg COD/L.min) and 7.11 (1.44/0.2 mg TOC/L.min) times as high as those in the single ozonation (SOP), respectively. Clearly, the optimum nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite showed a significant ability in catalysis of the ozonation process of organic materials by means of increasing O3 decomposition and OH production. The synthesized optimum nano-MgO/CNT/Graphite was reusable because of the stability and durability of the catalytic activities.

Sequential vertical flow trickling filter and horizontal flow multi-soil-layering reactor for treatment of decentralized domestic wastewater with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate

Sequential vertical flow trickling filter and horizontal flow multi-soil-layering bioreactor were investigated for the treatment of decentralized domestic wastewater at various concentrations of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). Results have shown that the removal rate of COD could reach 92.1% at initial COD concentration of 960 mg/L (800 mg/L was provided by SDBS). NH4+-N concentration could be reduced from 52.4 to 9.71 mg/L without aeration. Besides, a quadratic function model was fit to describe the relationship between the relative activity of amylase and the protein content in extracellular polymer substance. SDBS could inhibit the transport and metabolisms of amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates in biofilms. The analysis of three-dimensional fluorescence diagram indicated that the peak in excitation/emission wavelengths = 310–340/370–430 nm was the characteristic peaks of some active substances such as some enzymes in EPS. Only Microbacterium could totally offset the toxicity of SDBS degradation products.

Effects of temperature and dark fermentation effluent on biomethane production in a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed-film (UASFF) bioreactor

In a two-stage of up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed-film (UASFF) bioreactor, palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater was used as inoculum and substrate to study the biodegradation in association with hydrogen and methane production. During the first stage (H2-UASFF unit), different temperatures (37–70 °C) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was designed and analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM) for biohydrogen production. In the second stage (CH4-UASFF unit), at 24 h HRT, a continuous experiment was carried out using the same temperature and effluent from H2-UASFF unit (also known as dark fermentation effluent) was used as substrate (12–20 g COD L−1). This study is focusing on the second stage of UASFF bioreactor (i.e. CH4-UASFF) for biomethane production. Studied parameters were designed using Historical Data in RSM. Its effects on methane production rate (MPR), methane yield, biogas percentage and COD removal were analyzed. The relation between initial effluent COD and temperature on biomethane production and overall reactor performance treating POME wastewater were also examined. Results showed that 76% of total COD removal efficiency (TCOD) was achieved using two-stage UASFF bioreactor. The MPR of 15.63 L CH4 d−1, methane yield of 0.803 L CH4 g−1 CODrem.d−1, COD removal efficiency of 66.28% and 93.31% of CH4 at optimum temperature and effluent COD of 54 °C and 12 g COD L−1, respectively were obtained in CH4-UASFF unit. Based on this study, thermophilic temperature and low POME concentration showed a significant impact on biomethane production and more than 70% of TCOD of POME was reduced at 24 h HRT.

Analysis of load variation on chicken slaughterhouse waste water treatment using GAS-SBR

In general, chicken slaughterhouses have capacity of slaughtering more than 40,000 chickens per day so its produce a high waste water. It takes sewage treatment appropriate technology, Granular Aerobic Sludge which use Sequencing Batch Reactor (GAS-SBR) due to the high of BOD and COD. The purpose of this research was to explore GAS ability in decreasing parameter of COD, BOD, TSS and ammonia. The initial concentration COD influent was 6,406.4 mg/L then it was varied into three concentrations were 6,144 mg/L (100%), 4,608 mg/L (75%) and 3,072 mg/L (50%) of diluted pure water. As the result with four hours’ aeration time, the highest removal of 100% BOD load was 56.25% and an effluent was 1,400 mg/L. The highest removal of 50% COD load was 75% and an effluent was 768 mg/L. The highest removal of 100% TSS load was 36.73% an effluent was 1.79 mg/L. And the highest removal of 75% Ammonia load was 67.91% and an effluent was 1.11 mg/L. The parameter for the TSS and ammonia have meet the quality ministry environment no.5 2014 law for slaughterhouses, while the BOD and COD parameters are exceeding the standards due to its high organic content.