Inhibitory Activities Of Tyrosinase Research Articles

Chemical properties and inhibitory activities of tyrosinase, α‐glucosidase, and urease from chloroform extract of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. rhizomes

Abstract"Nghệ trắng" has the scientific name of Curcuma aromatica Salisb., belongs to the Ginger family (Zingiberaceae), and its rhizomes are used to prevent aging, anti‐inflammatory, and improve skin. From the chloroform extract of C. aromatica, six known compounds, including (‐)‐hannokinol (1), (3R,5R)‐3,5‐diacetoxy‐1,7‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)heptane (2), naringenin (3), 2‐(4‐(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)propan‐2‐ol (4), 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5), and bisacurone (6), were isolated. Structures of all compounds were elucidated by analyzing NMR data together with comparing them to references. All isolated compounds were found for the first time in the C. aromatia rhizomes grown in Vietnam. The results of bioactivity evaluation showed that naringenin (3) has an effect against tyrosinase and α‐glucosidase with the IC50 values of 96.4 and 248.2 μM, respectively. (‐)‐Hannokinol (1) is a moderate bioactivity ingredient capable to inhibiting α‐glucosidase and urease with the IC50 value of 216.4 and 244.4 μM, respectively. Consequently, these results suggest that chloroform extract of C. aromatica may be a practical therapeutic approach for diabetes, melanogenesis, and stomach ulcer treatment.

Whitening and moisturizing enhancing effects of three-dimensional human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium-containing cream.

High-functional cosmetic products combined with the concept of "treatment" cosmetics are being introduced to the market. Cosmetic products containing a skin-derived microbiome, a three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture medium, and low-molecular-weight collagen are being introduced, and these products are leading the cosmeceutical market. We aimed to confirm the potential of a 3D stem cell culture medium-containing cream as a skin-whitening and moisturizing product. To determine the enhancing effects of a cream containing 3D adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media (3D ADMSC-CM) on whitening and moisturization. The inhibitory activities of tyrosinase (TYR) and melanin were confirmed using 3D ADMSC-CM. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid expression in 3D ADMSC-CM was verified. The clinical efficacy of the cream containing 3D ADMSC-CM was established by evaluating its antioxidant properties and effects on skin tone, radiance, freckles, and moisturization. The use of 3D ADMSC-CM suppressed the inhibitory effects of TYR and melanin by approximately 24% and 33%, respectively, and increased the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase. A significant difference was observed after 4 weeks of using 3D ADMSC-CM in the skin antioxidant evaluation. After 2 and 4 weeks of use, skin tone and radiance increased and skin freckles decreased significantly. Under extremely cold and dry weather conditions, the use of the cream increased skin moisturization. The 3D ADMSC-CM cream evaluated in an environment similar to the human body was found to enhance skin whitening and moisturization and can therefore be used in the skin care and cosmetic industries as a biocosmetic product.

STUDI AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR TIROSINASE DAN KADAR FENOLIK TOTAL EKSTRAK METANOL JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ) contains vitamin B, vitamin C and carbohydrates such as β-glucans, monoterpenoids, triterpenoids, potential sources of lignin and phenols. The presence of phenolic compounds indicates the ability of oyster mushrooms as potential antioxidants and anti-tyrosinases. Searching for depigmentation agents in cosmetics is necessary to ensure safety and reduce side effects. The aims of this study are to determine the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase and total phenolic levels of Pleurotus ostreatus methanol extract. Tyrosinase inhibitor activity was measured using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method at 490 nm with various concentrations, which were 55 ppm, 65 ppm, 75 ppm, 85 ppm and 95 ppm. Determination of total phenolic levels at a concentration of 100 ppm using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at 744.8 nm. Based on the research, the percentage of tyrosinase inhibitor of Pleurotus ostreatus methanol extracts at concentrations of 55 ppm, 65 ppm, 75 ppm, 85 ppm and 95 ppm were 17.6%, 19.5%, 22.2%, 25.9%, and 35.7%, respectively. The result of the IC50 and total phenolic content are 9.06% and 1.13%. These results exhibit that the methanol extract of Pleurotus ostreatus has a very strong tyrosinase inhibitor power.

Comparison of Antiaging and Antioxidant Activities of Protocatechuic and Ferulic Acids

Background: Skin-aging is a progressive changes in the skin combine with cumulative extrinsic factors which are mostly caused by free radicals caused by exposure to lots of free radicals molecules from pollutant, wrongly food intake, or too much sun bathing. These free radicals can be tackled by a treatment using antioxidants. Prevention of aging can be done by escalating antioxidant intake. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) and Ferulic acid (FA) have been known for their scavenging properties on free radicals and antiaging activity. Antioxidant and antiaging activity of both compounds have not been compared comprehensively before. Hence, current study was conducted to compare the potential of PCA and FA for their antioxidant and antiaging activities using various methods.Materials and Methods: Antioxidant analysis of PCA and FA was conducted using H2O2 scavenging assay, 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Meanwhile, antiaging activities of PCA and FA were examined using inhibitory activities of tyrosinase, collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase and tyrosinase.Results: IC50 of scavenging activity of ABTS were 125.18 µg/mL (PCA) and 35.55 µg/mL (FA), inhibition activity of collagenase were 126.16 µg/mL (PCA) and 52.85 µg/mL (FA) and inhibition activity of tyrosinase were 246.42 µg/mL (PCA), 253.58 µg/mL (FA).Conclusion: In conclusion, FA has better ABTS scavenging and collagenase inhibition activities compared to PCA. Meanwhile, PCA has better activity of tyrosinase inhibition than FA.Keywords: antioxidant, antiaging, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid

Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitor from marine red algae extract collected from Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara

Many commercialized synthetic antioxidants are used under strict regulations in certain countries because of their potential health hazards. Thus, the search for alternative antioxidants from natural products Indonesia is needed, and one of the potential material is from seaweed extract. Red seaweed is very potential to be developed as a raw material for medicines and cosmetics because it has antioxidant activity, which from its phenolic compound that can remove the free radicals and can inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity. The purpose of this research is to know the species of red seaweed in the East Nusa Tenggara sea, its total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and also inhibitory activity of tyrosinase in red seaweed. conduct the research. Parameters that measured are the number of total phenolic compounds, IC50 that obtain from the DPPH test, and inhibition percentage of Tyrosinase. The result shows that there are ten species of red algae in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, and it consists of 4 genera. Some of that red seaweed species are potential as antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitors source. The result from total phenolic content analysis show the species that have highest total phenolic content is Laurencia sp. (24.97 mg GAE.g-1), the antioxidant activity test show the species that have highest antioxidant activity is Gelidium latifolium (46.68%), and the species that have the highest percentage inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme is Gracillaria foliifera (25.21%). Moreover, the research also shows a strong correlation between the total phenolic content of the seaweed extract with antioxidant activity. A post-publication change was made to this article on 18 Jun 2020 to correct the title and an author name.

Antioxidant, photoprotective and inhibitory activity of tyrosinase in extracts of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum.

Dalbergia ecastaphyllum is a native Brazil plant with importance for beekeeping, and widely used in folk medicine. For the first time, the extracts of this plant were assessed for the presence of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants, as well as inhibition of tyrosinase, free radicals scavenging and sunscreen protection. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by free radical scavenging (DPPH) and β-carotene bleaching assay. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated and calculated the EC50. The photoprotective activity was measured using different concentrations of D. ecastaphyllum extracts. The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of the samples was higher than 6, and the sample from Ilhéus showed the most pronounced photoprotective effect. Sample from Canavieiras presented the highest antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging DPPH and β-carotene bleaching method, with 92.41% and 48.34%, respectively. All samples inhibited the tyrosinase, especially the sample from Prado that was most effective (124.62 μg.mL-1). Significant negative correlation was found between flavonoid contents and inhibition of tyrosinase. The overall results provide relevant information about the Dalbergia ecastaphyllum species, indicating as potential material to cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.

Chemical characterization and biological activity of Onosma gigantea extracts

Onosma species have traditionally been used as laxative and anthelmintic agents as well as their uses in eye, blood diseases, bronchitis, abdominal pain, strangury, thirst, itch, leucoderma, fever, wounds, burns, piles, and urinary calculi. This study examines the investigation of biological activities of ethyl acetate, methanolic, and aqueous extracts from Onosma gigantea Lam. The extracts were evaluated for the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Phenolic compounds in the extracts were also detected by RP-HPLC-DAD. The aqueous extract showed remarkable antioxidant activity in phosphomolybdenum [134.31 μmol trolox equivalents (TEs)/g air dry matter (adm)], chelating effect [32.97 μmol ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium salt) equivalents (EDTAEs)/g adm], radical scavenging [on DPPH (32.14 μmol TEs/g adm) and ABTS (58.68 μmol TEs/g adm)], and reducing power [CUPRAC (50.23 μmol TEs/g adm) and FRAP (40.96 μmol TEs/g adm)] assays. The aqueous extract also exhibited considerable inhibitory activity of tyrosinase (10.48 μmol kojic acid equivalents/g adm) and α-glucosidase [1320.53 μmol acarbose equivalents (ACEs)/g adm]. It has been determined that the methanolic extract showed significant AChE (31.57 μmol galanthamine equivalents (GALAEs)/g adm) and α-amylase (6.75 μmol ACEs/g adm) inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate, which contains low polarity compounds, showed the highest BChE inhibitory activity (6.87 μmol GALAEs/g adm). In general, it is found that there is a positive correlation between the phytochemical contents of the extracts and their biological activities. The results indicate that O. gigantea extracts could be considered as a novel source of bioactive agents with functional connections.

Screening Study on Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Some Mongolian Plant Leaves

In this study, 50% ethanol extract prepared from air-dried leaves of nine plants grown wildly in Mongolia were characterized for their inhibitory activity of tyrosinase, -glucosidase, hyaluronidase, lipase, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) in order to identify potential new sources for dietary prevention of certain non-communicable diseases and skin health promotion from domestic plant kingdom. The results of this study indicate that out of the selected nine Mongolian plant leaves, V.vitis-idaeae, R.altissimum, and R.acicularis leaves presented strong inhibitory activity of mushroom tyrosinase, R.acicularis and P.anomala leaves exhibited good anti -glucosidase and anti hyaluronidase activity, V.vitis-idaeae leaf showed appreciable inhibition of lipase activity, and P.anomala leaf effectively inhibited ACE. Among them P.anomala and R.acicularis leaves were found to be the most promising natural source with multiple biological properties.

홍국발효 콩 함유 현미 식초의 Tyrosinase와 Elastase의 저해작용에 미치는 영향

홍국발효 콩 함유 현미 식초의 Tyrosinase와 Elastase의 저해작용에 미치는 영향

대두와 쥐눈이콩 추출물의 항산화 활성에 관한 연구

This study was carries out to analyzed the antioxidant activities of extracts extrated from soybean and small black bean for the development of functional materials. Yields of hot-water and ethanol extracts were higher in the soybean than small black bea, and yields of hot-water extracts were higher than ethanol extracts. Total phenol contents were 26.22 mg/g in the ethanol extracts from small black bean, and were higher than those in the soybean extracts. Total flavonoid contents were 30.52 mg/g of hot-water extracts from small black bean. The EDA values were increased by the increase of extract concentrations and were high in the hot-water and ethanol extracts from bean and small black bean The EDA values was high in the extracts of small black bean from low concentrations. The SOD-like activity of hot-water and ethanol extracts from small black bean was higher than those of soybean extracts. The SOD-like activity was 73%, 62% of the hot-water and ethanol extracts from small black bean in 10 ml/mL extract concentration, respectably. The nitrite scavenging ability was high extracts from soybean was 47.60% in pH 1.2, Those of hot-water extracts were higher than in ethanol extracts in 10 ml/mL extract concentration. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities were increased by the increase of extract concentrations and were high in ethanol extracts from small black bean of low concentration. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities was hot-water extracts from soybean were higher than 5 ml/mL extract concentration than those of other extracts. The inhibitory activities of tyrosinase were increased by increase of extract concentrations and were high each other 42.05%, 45.67% of hot-water and ethanol extracts from small black bean in 10 ml/mL extract concentration. Reducing power was increased by increase of extract concentrations in extracts of small black bean, and were high more than double in hot-water and ethanol from small black bean than extracts of soybean.

블랙푸드 첨가에 따른 약콩 청국장 및 대두청국장의 항산화 활성 비교

본 연구는 대두청국장, 약콩청국장, 그리고 약콩청국장에 흑미, 흑임자, 다시마와 같은 블랙푸드 분말을 첨가한 약콩청국장의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에 대한 항산화 활성을 평가함으로서 청국장과 블랙푸드의 식품학적인 가치를 평가하고자 한다. 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 수율은 대두청국장 추출물에서 높았으며, 열수 추출물이 에탄올 추출물보다 수율이 높았다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 약콩청국장, 블랙푸드 첨가 약콩청국장 추출물에서 높았다. 에탄올 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량이 열수 추출물에 비해 높았다. 블랙푸드 첨가한 약콩청국장 열수 및 에탄올 추출물의 전자공여능은 0.625~5.0 mg/mL의 농도에서는 다른 추출물에 비해 높았으나 10 mg/mL의 농도에서는 대두청국장 추출물의 전자공여능이 높았다. SOD 유사활성능은 대두청국장의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에서 다른 추출물에 비해 높았다. pH 1.2에서의 아질산염 소거능은 pH 3.0일 때 보다 높았고, 열수 추출물에 비해 에탄올 추출물에서 아질산염 소거능이 높았다. Xanthine oxidase 저해활성은 각 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 열수 및 에탄올 추출물 0.625 mg/mL의 농도에서는 블랙푸드 첨가 약콩청국장 추출물이 다른 추출물에 비해 높은 저해활성을 보였다. 대두청국장의 에탄올 추출물의 tyrosinase 저해활성은 농도가 증가함에 따라 높은 저해활성을 보였다. 환원력은 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에서 농도에 따라 증가하였고, 블랙푸드 첨가 약콩청국장과 대두청국장 추출물에서 높았다. This study was conducted to analyze the polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of small-black-bean-Chungkukjang-added black food (SBCB) and soybean Chungkukjang (SC) extracts for the development of functional materials. The yields of the hot-water-and-ethanol SC extracts were higher than those of the hot-water-only SC extracts, which were higher than those of the ethanol-only SC extracts. The total phenol contents of the hot-water-and-ethanol SBCB extracts were higher than those of the other extracts. The EDA values of the hot-water-and-ethanol SBCB extracts were higher in the 0.625~5.0 mL/mL extract concentration than those of the other extracts, and those of the SC extracts were high in the 10 mg/mL extract concentration. The SOD-like activities of the hot-water- and ethanol-only SC extracts were higher than those of the other extracts. The nitrite scavenging ability of the ethanol-only SC extracts was higher at pH 1.2 than that of the hot-water-only SC extracts. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of the hot-water- and ethanol-only SBCB extracts were higher in the 0.625 mL/mL extract concentration than those of the other extracts, and increased along with the extract concentration. The inhibitory activities of tyrosinase also increased along with the extract concentration, and the reducing power increased along with the extract concentration and was high in the hot-water-only SBCB and SC extracts.

장수진흙버섯 메탄올 추출물의 멜라닌 생성 저해작용

Phellinus baumii is a medicinal mushroom used in Asian countries for a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the skin whitening activities of methanol extracts from fruiting bodies of P. baumii. To evaluate the antioxidant activities of the extract, polyphenol and flavonoid contents, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and chelating activity on ferrous ions were studied. For assay of skin whitening activities, tyrosinase and DOPA inhibitory activities, and tyrosinase and melanin synthesis inhibitory activities of B16/F10 melanoma cells treated with the methanol extract were investigated. The total polyphenol content of P. baumii methanol extract was 4.19. DPPH scavenging ability of P. baumii methanol extract was 88.26% in concentration. We tested tyrosinase inhibitory activity and melanin contents in melanoma cells. The tyrosinase activity was inhibited to 65.17% at the concentration of and melanin synthesis was inhibited to 57.61% at the concentration of . Overall, the experimental results showed that P. baumii methanol extract had inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis by dose dependent manner in B16/F10 melanoma cells. Strong ultra-violet absorption spectra in the range of 270~370 nm indicated that ethanol extract of P. baumii could protect the skin from UV. Therefore, P. baumii methanol extract might be used for development of skin whitening, anti-UV and skin care agents.

차가버섯 메탄올 추출물의 항산화 및 미백효과

본 연구에서는 항암제와 면역 조절제로 널리 사용되는 차가버섯을 피부 미백제로 이용할 수 있는지 가능성을 알아보기 위해 멜라닌생성 저해 효과와 자외선 차단 작용과 관련된 여러 실험을 수행하였다. 메탄올을 이용해 차가버섯의 자실체에서 추출한 물질의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 31.85 mg/g과 28.33 mg/g으로 측정되었다. B16/F10 melanoma와 NIH3T3 세포주에 추출물의 농도를 10~500 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>으로 처리한 세포생존율 시험에서 시험 세포주의 52% 이상이 생존하여 세포독성은 없는 것으로 확인되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 금속이온 제거능 등의 항산화 시험에서 추출물의 항산화 활성은 양성대조군인 tocopherol이나 BHT에 비해 낮았으나 추출물의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 항산화 활성은 비례적으로 증가하였다. 멜라닌 합성의 초기단계에 관여하는 티로시나아제와 L-DOPA에 차가버섯 메탄올 추출물과 양성대조군인 kojic acid와 arbutin을 각각 직접 처리하고 저해 효과를 측정한 결과 추출물은 양성 대조군인 kojic acid 및 arbutin에 비해 저해 효과가 매우 낮았다. B16/F10 Melanoma 세포에 추출물과 arbutin을 처리하고 세포내 티로시나아제의 저해 활성을 조사한 결과, 100 <TEX>${\mu}g/mL$</TEX>의 농도에서 추출물은 68.59%, arbutin은 58.36%의 활성이 저해되어 메탄올 추출물이 arbutin에 비해 티로시나아제 저해활성이 약 10% 높았다. 또한, B16/F10 melanoma 세포에 차가버섯 추출물과 arbutin을 처리하여 생성된 멜라닌의 양을 측정한 결과, 추출물과 arbutin을 처리한 모든 군에서 생성된 멜라닌의 양은 유사하였으며, 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 농도 의존적으로 생성된 멜라닌의 양은 감소하였다. 따라서 차가버섯 메탄올 추출물은 세포 밖에서 직접 티로시나아제를 저해하는 작용은 양성 대조군에비해 매우 낮았으나 melanoma 세포내에서 티로시나아제와 멜라닌의 생성을 양성대조군과 대등하게 저해하여 피부에 미백효과를 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 또한 차가버섯 메탄올 추출물을 200-400 nm 파장에서 분광광도계를 이용하여 흡수스펙트럼을 측정한 결과, 280-350 nm의 자외선 영역에서 흡광도가 높아 자외선을 효율적으로 차단하는 것으로 나타났다. This study was initiated to investigate the skin whitening activities of methanol extracts from fruiting bodies of I. obliquus. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of I. obliquus methanol extracts were 31.85 mg/g and 28.33 mg/g, respectively. The methanol extract of the mushroom treated on B16/F10 melanoma and NIH3T3 cell lines did not show cytotoxic activity. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and chelating activity on ferrous ions of I. obliquus methanol extract were lower than those of positive control, tocopherol and BHT. The tyrosinase and L-DOPA inhibitory activities of the extract were lower than those of positive control, kojic acid and ascorbic acid. The tyrosinase and melanin synthesis inhibitory activities of the melanoma cells treated with the extract were comparable with positive control, arbutin. The experimental results suggested that methanol extract of I. obliquus contained inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in the B16/F10 melanoma cells by dose dependent manner. High ultra-violet absorption spectra in the range of 280-350 nm showed that I. obliquus extract could protect skin from UV radiation damage. Therefore, fruiting bodies of I. obliquus can be used for developing skin whitening, anti-UV and skin care agents.

Potential application of acetone extract of Astragalus sinicus Linne seed to functional cosmetics

For the functional cosmetic agent using acetone extract of A. sinicus Linne seed, the effects of whitening, wrinkling, and safety were investigated. Cell viabilities of Raw 264.7 up to 60 mg/mL did not appear to have any significant direct cytotoxic effect. The melanin concentration was decreased up to 62.1% at 20 mg/mL. When the acetone extract concentration of A. sinicus Linne seed was increased from 5 to 20 mg/mL, the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase was sharply increased from 61.3 to 93.8%. However, above 30 mg/mL, it did not increase. The inhibition effects of elastase and collagenase were increased with the extract concentration. Especially, when acetone extract concentration of A. sinicus Linne seed was increased from 25 to 200 μg/mL, the inhibition effect of elastase was increased from 60.2 to 97.5%. The inhibition effect of collagenase was increased from 35.0 to 99.0% when increased from 50 to 300 μg/mL. The indexes of pigment and coarseness were 28.56 MI and 18.45R-value, respectively, after 8 weeks of clinical trial using cream pack containing 0.2% of acetone extract of A. sinicus Linne seed. The indexes of elasticity and moisture were 64.5Ur/Uf and 55.2AU, respectively, after 8 weeks of clinical trial. These results demonstrate that acetone extract of A. sinicus Linne seed may be useful as a potential agent for functional cosmetics.

비자(Torreya nucifera) 추출물의 생리활성

식용 및 한방생약재로 사용되고 있는 비자나무(T. nucifera)종자인 비자(榧子)를 천연 항산화 소재로 활용하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 물 추출물(WE)과 에탄올 추출물(EE) 그리고 열수 추출물(HWE)에 함유된 플라보노이드와 폴리페놀 화합물의 함량과 tyrosinase 저해, 아질산염 소거, 전자공여, xanthine oxidase 저해활성 등 항산화적 생리활성을 측정하였다. 추출방법과 용매를 달리한 비자의 수율은 100oC 이상의 고온과 압력이 가해진 HWE가 7.08 g/100 g으로 가장 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 또한 비자의 HWE는 35.47㎎/g의 플라보노이드와 112.95 ㎎/g의 폴리페놀 화합물을 함유하였다. 비자의 각 추출물에 대한 tyrosinase 저해율은 2.0 ㎎/mL의 농도에서 5.62∼28.71%로 WE에서 가장 높은 저해효과를 나타내었다. 아질산염의 소거능을 측정한 결과에서는 pH 1.2의 2.0 ㎎/mL의 조건에서 HWE가 94.30 %로 가장 높은 소거효과를 보였으며, pH 1.2와 3.0에서 비자의 세 가지 추출물 모두 약 90% 이상의 아질산염 소거능을 나타내었다. SOD 유사활성능은 HWE에서 33.58%로 WE(17.70%)와 EE(24.16%)보다 약 1.4～2배 높은 활성을 보였다. 전자공여능은 0.1 ㎎/mL의 농도에서 66.46∼89.72%로 WE에서 높았으며, 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 전자공여능이 감소하였다(p＜0.05). Xanthine oxidase 저해는 HWE에서 89.29%로 가장 높은 저해효과를 나타내었으며, 0.5 ㎎/mL의 농도에서도 WE와 HWE는 75% 이상의 저해율을 나타내었다. 이상의 실험 결과 비자는 물을 용매로 추출하는 것이 다량의 플라보노이드와 폴리페놀 화합물 추출에 효과적인 것으로 판단되며 또한 우수한 생리활성 효과를 나타내므로 이를 이용하여 기능성식품이나 제품의 첨가물 또는 의약품 재료로 개발, 활용할 수 있는 유용한 한방생약자원인 것으로 판단된다.

Biological screening of 100 plant extracts for cosmetic use (I): inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and DOPA auto‐oxidation

The aim of this study was to evaluate several plant extracts with a view to developing melanogenesis inhibitors. In this study, 100 plant extracts were screened to elucidate their whitening effects using in vitro inhibition of tyrosinase and DOPA auto‐oxidation activity. Several plant extracts such as Chaenomeles speciosa, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Gastrodia ellata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Morus alba, Myristica fragrans, Rheum palmatum and Sophora japonica showed inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity. Plant extracts including Bupleurum falcatum, Caragana sinica, Morus alba and Tussilago farfara showed inhibition of DOPA auto‐oxidation activity. L'objet de cette etude etait d'evaluer plusieurs extraits vegetaux dans le but de developper des inhibiteurs de la melanogenese. Dans cette etude, on a crible 100 extraits vegetaux pour connaitre leurs effets blanchissants en utilisant in vitro l'inhibition de la tyrosinase et de l'activite auto‐oxydante de la DOPA. Plusieurs extraits vegetaux tels que Chaenomeles speciosa, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Gastrodia ellata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Morus alba, Myristica fragrans, Rheum palmatum et Sophora japonica presentent une activite d'inhibition de la tyrosinase du champignon. Des extraits vegetaux comprenant Bupleurum falcatum, Caragana sinica, Morus alba et Tussilago farfara montrent une inhibition de l'activite d'auto‐oxydation de la DOPA.

Biological screening of 100 plant extracts for cosmetic use (I): inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and DOPA auto-oxidation

The aim of this study was to evaluate several plant extracts with a view to developing melanogenesis inhibitors. In this study, 100 plant extracts were screened to elucidate their whitening effects using in vitro inhibition of tyrosinase and DOPA auto-oxidation activity. Several plant extracts such as Chaenomeles speciosa, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Gastrodia ellata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Morus alba, Myristica fragrans, Rheum palmatum and Sophora japonica showed inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity. Plant extracts including Bupleurum falcatum, Caragana sinica, Morus alba and Tussilago farfara showed inhibition of DOPA auto-oxidation activity.