Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel Research Articles

Experimental, theoretical and computational studies of oxalyl dihydrazide as a novel corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in neutral saline solution

In this work, the corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of oxalyl dihydrazide (ODH) for mild steel in neutral saline solution are in-depth studied using weight-loss and electrochemical tests, surface characterizations, theoretical calculation and computational simulations. Results indicate that ODH can act as a novel and superior mixed-type corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in neutral saline solution, its corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with the rising ODH concentration, and the optimum value reaches 88.7 % with adding 200 mg/L. Its corrosion inhibition ability becomes better with immersion time. A compact corrosion product film mainly consisting of Fe, O, N and Cl elements formed on metal surface after adding ODH. ODH molecules adsorb on metal surface in an orderly fashion to form a hydrophobic film, which is belonging to the physicochemical adsorption and obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The corrosion inhibition process of ODH molecule on mild steel is the endothermic process, which enlarges the activation energy barrier of corrosion reactions. ODH molecule can expel the adsorbed water molecules on metal surface and form copolymers with increasing of ODH concentration, retarding the diffusion of water molecule thus protecting metal from corrosion. ODH is proved to be an effective organic corrosion inhibitor for protecting mild steel in neutral saline solution, and contributes toward research and application of easily accessible sources for organic corrosion inhibitors.

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel With Phenol-Based Anticorrosion Fraction: Preparation, Phytochemistry, and Potentiodynamic Polarization

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel With Phenol-Based Anticorrosion Fraction: Preparation, Phytochemistry, and Potentiodynamic Polarization

Experimental, electrochemical and DFT simulation studies of a novel Schiff base derivative as an efficient mild steel corrosion inhibitor in acidic environments

A newly synthesized Schiff base, consisting 3-methyl-2-{(E)-[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene] amino} butanoic acid, is utilized to prevent mild steel from corroding in acidic environments. FTIR spectra validate the prepared SB. The corrosion rate at various temperatures was measured using electrochemical techniques like as polarization and electrochemical impedance tests. At a higher temperature of 333K, this molecule exhibits about 90% inhibition efficacy with 50 ppm inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition mechanism was measured using thermodynamic and adsorption characteristics. These findings suggest that chemical adsorption causes a surface layer to form on the metal surface. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm is followed. The creation of the adsorption layer on the metal surface is confirmed by SEM and AFM pictures. Quantum chemical calculations were calculated and discussed.

Investigation of Garcinia kola Exudates as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acidic Environment

This study investigated the performance of Garcinia kola exudates in preventing mild steel exposed to acid concentrated water and soil. The study was performed in order to find an alternative coating substance that can reduce the corrosion of mild steel pipes exposed to corrosive water and soil media. Various mild steel specimens were cut into portions and coated with the exudates at 25 - 50µm thickness. To accelerate the rate of corrosion, 0.5M hydrochloric acid (HCl) was added to tap water in a container. Also, the same concentration of HCl was equally added to soil samples. Uncoated mild steel specimens were immersed in the acid concentrated water and soil, servicing as control sample. The rate of corrosion was monitored for 30 days (720 hours). The inhibition efficiency of the exudates for both corrosive media was compared. Results showed that the weight loss and corrosion rate of mild steel decreased with increase in coating thickness. Comparatively, weight loss and corrosion rate in the uncoated specimens were higher than the coated specimens. For uncoated specimens, the corrosion rate was 0.2793mm/yr and 0.4150mm/yr for specimen immersed in water and soil respectively, but at 25µm coating thickness, it decreased to 0.01369mm/yr and 0.2870mm/yr for specimens in water and soil. Also, at 50µm coating thickness, corrosion rate decreased to 0.0052mm/yr and 0.0318mm/yr for specimens in water and soil, respectively. The inhibition efficiency increased with coating thickness, ranging from 51.00 – 98.15% for specimens immersed in water and 30.84 – 92.33% for specimens buried in soil at 25µm – 50µm coating thickness. The results demonstrated that Garcinia kola exudates can be used as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel exposed to corrosive media.

Portulaca oleracea leaf extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl

Portulaca oleracea leaf extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl

Evaluation of N-piperazinyl-2-furanylketone as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution: Combined experimental and theoretical approach

Evaluation of N-piperazinyl-2-furanylketone as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution: Combined experimental and theoretical approach

Investigations of corrosion inhibition of ethanolic extract of Dillenia suffruticosa leaves as a green corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium

The utilization of plant extracts as environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors has garnered considerable interest in the field of metallic corrosion protection. The primary objective of this study was to explore a new approach for utilizing Dillenia suffruticosa leaves extract (DSLE) to provide corrosion protection for mild steel (MS) in a molar hydrochloric acid solution. The phytocompounds responsible for corrosion prevention were extracted using ethanol with Soxhlet apparatus. The effectiveness of the extract as a corrosion inhibitor was evaluated through gravimetric and electrochemical methods, along with surface analysis of the corroded steel samples. This analysis involved the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to examine the specimens with and without addition of the extract as inhibitor. The findings demonstrate that DSLE exhibits notable efficacy as a corrosion inhibitor for MS in an acidic environment. The inhibition efficiency (IE) demonstrates a positive correlation with the concentration of the extract, ultimately reaching a maximum value of 81.4 % at the optimum concentration of 1000 mg/L of the extract investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization data revealed that the DSLE functions as a mixed-type inhibitor.

Imidazolium-Based Polymeric Ionic Liquids with Short Alkyl Chains as Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in 1 M HCl: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations.

A novel polymeric ionic liquid (PDBA-IL-NH2) using imidazolium ionic liquids with short alkyl chains as monomers and two control ionic liquids (PDBA-IL-OH and PIL-NH2) were synthesized. Their inhibition properties and mechanisms were explored via surface analysis, weight loss tests, electrochemical studies, and adsorption isotherm analysis. The corrosion inhibition efficiency (CIE) of PDBA-IL-NH2 gradually increased with increasing concentration, and the largest efficiency was 94.67% at 100 ppm. At the same concentration (50 ppm), the corrosion inhibition abilities of inhibitors were in the order of PDBA-IL-NH2 > PDBA-IL-OH > PIL-NH2 > IL-NH2. Based on the experimental investigation, the synergistic effect of electrostatic interaction, protonation, and electron donor-acceptor interaction facilitated the intensive entanglement and coverage of PDBA-IL-NH2 with the reticulated form on the metal, and the generated densest films protected the metal from the corrosive media. Ultimately, the theoretical results of molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical study were in high agreement with the experimental data, which confirmed the proposed inhibition mechanisms on the microscopic scale. This study contributed valuable perspectives to the design of efficient and ecofriendly corrosion inhibitors.

Investigation of date seed powder as green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel: A study of solution and coating phases

Herein, firstly, sodium montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) was modified with date seed (DS) powder, and then the anti-corrosion properties of new nanoparticles (DS-MMT) were evaluated on mild steel (MS) in the saline solution phase. Next, DS-MMT was added to epoxy (EP), and their nanocomposite was prepared. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), polarization, and salt spray tests showed that DS-MMT improved corrosion resistance. According to the results of EIS, the coating resistance (Rc) of EP/3 % DS-MMT after 24 days of immersion was 2473 MΩ cm2, while this value was 7.9 MΩ cm2 for EP. Also, the visual observation test showed that after 24 h, the entire surface of the blank sample was filled with rust and corrosion products, but no evidence of corrosion products was observed in the DS-MMT sample. Moreover, the antimicrobial results showed that EP/3 % DS-MMT is inhibitory and killing against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.

The inhibitive action of lemon verbena plant extract as an economical and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic solutions

The inhibitive effect of lemon verbena (lemon v.) extract as a green corrosion inhibitor (CI) for mild steel (st37) in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 1 M HCl media at room temperature is investigated by employing electrochemical current noise (ECN), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The achievements demonstrated that the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the extract concentration up to 2000 ppm in 0.5 M H2SO4 and up to 2500 ppm in 1 M HCl solutions and decreases with an increase in temperature. The ECN results show when Lemon V. extract is included to both acidic media, the values of commotion charges (Q) diminished. The least value of the Q is 15 and 60 mCoul in H2SO4 and HCl media, respectively. The EIS measurements depicted that by addition of the inhibitors up to a certain concentration, the charge transfer resistance increases up to 186 Ω cm−2 in H2SO4 and 350 Ω cm−2 in HCl, besides the double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreases. Potentiodynamic polarization assessments indicated that Lemon V. acts as mixed type inhibitor. Certain thermodynamic parameters were determined based on the temperature impact on inhibition and corrosion processes. The extract adsorption on the surface of the alloy follow the Langmuir adsorption pattern. A mixed mode of adsorption was observed, wherein the extract in H2SO4 and HCl predominantly underwent chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters indicated spontaneous adsorption and exothermic process with increasing entropy in H2SO4 and decreasing entropy in HCl. SEM investigation also validated the adsorption performance of the inhibitor.

A Novel Approach for Tailoring of a Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid Medium: Combined Advanced Computational and Experimental Studies for Developing a Novel Quinoline Based Corrosion Inhibitor

A Novel Approach for Tailoring of a Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid Medium: Combined Advanced Computational and Experimental Studies for Developing a Novel Quinoline Based Corrosion Inhibitor

IMPACT OF ZNCL2 ON MILD STEEL CORROSION IN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES UNDER PH VARIATIONS

This study investigates the efficacy of ZnCl2 as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel across varied pH environments (3.5, 7, and 10). Findings highlight a significant reduction in corrosion rates with increasing ZnCl2 concentrations, pinpointing optimal levels at 350 ppm (pH 3.5), 575 ppm (pH 7), and 325 ppm (pH 10). Through comprehensive experimental analyses, the study robustly validates the protective capacity of the inhibitor, shedding light on its practical application in safeguarding metallic materials amidst varying pH conditions. ZnCl2 will be applied as a solution, forming a protective layer on the surface of mild steel, thereby acting as a barrier against corrosive agents. The study's originality lies in its specific exploration of ZnCl2 efficiency under varied pH conditions, emphasizing its substantial contribution to corrosion protection in different environmental settings.

Prolonged corrosion protection via application of 4-ferrocenylbutyl saturated carboxylate ester derivatives with superior inhibition performance for mild steel

A series of 4-ferrcenylbutyl carboxylate esters with different alkyl chain length (C2-C4) of carboxylic acids were synthesized using Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3-Im-bisEthylFc[I] nanoparticles as catalyst and have been characterized with FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Ferrocenyl-based esters were used as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in the 1M HCl solution as corrosive media. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the synthesized ferrocenyl-based esters has been assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The 4-ferrocenylbutyl propionate showed a more effective corrosion inhibition behavior among the studied esters with 96% efficiency after immersion in the corrosive media for 2 weeks. The corrosion inhibition mechanism is dominated by formation of passive layer of inhibitor on the surface of the mild steel by adsorption. Moreover, the adsorption characteristics of 4-butylferrcenyl carboxylate esters on mild steel were thoroughly explored using density functional theory calculations. It was found that the Fe atoms located around the C impurity in the mild steel are the most efficient and active sites to adsorb 4-butylferrcenyl carboxylate esters.

Corrosion inhibitive performance of Kopsia teoi extracts towards mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution

This study investigates the capacity of Kopsia teoi (K. teoi) to inhibit corrosion, employing its stem extracts to prevent mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5 M HCl. In this study, three distinct extracts: dichloromethane alkaloid (KTDAE), dichloromethane non-alkaloid (KTDNAE), and methanol (KTME) were employed to investigate their corrosion mitigation performance, involving electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PD) techniques. EIS results demonstrated a significant increase in inhibition efficiency with concentration for each extract, reaching 87.04, 90.62, and 93.51 % for KTDAE, KTDNAE, and KTME, respectively. According to PD analysis, Kopsia teoi extracts (KTEs) functioned as mixed-type inhibitors. Surface analysis through scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy exhibited notable improvements in the morphology of treated MS plates, revealing the establishment of a protective surface film. Langmuir isotherm confirmed that KTEs formed a monolayer on MS surface, and the calculated free energies of adsorption were −25.924, −26.809, and −27.687 kJ mol−1 for KTDAE, KTDNAE, and KTME, respectively. This suggests effective adsorption through both physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms. Consequently, the results of this study highlight the encouraging effectiveness of KTEs as corrosion inhibitors for MS in acidic environments.

Methanol extract of Murraya koenigii stem as green inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution

In this work, methanol extract of Murraya koeginii stem has been studied as an ecofriendly inhibitor against mild steel corrosion in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium. Ultraviolet–visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic tools were employed to characterize the extract. Corrosion inhibition efficacy of the extract against mild steel was studied in terms of weight loss method and electrochemical measurement method. Weight loss measurement shows the inhibition efficiency of 94.95 % for the first 6 h of immersion time and maximum efficiency of 96.39 % for 24 h immersion time using 1000 ppm inhibitor solution. Electrochemical measurement shows that for the same concentration of inhibitor, inhibition efficiency is 81.54 % in as-immersed condition whereas it is 85.76 % in 1 h immersed condition. Free energy of the adsorption reflected the physisorption followed by chemisorption. Similarly, thermodynamic parameters revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption. Obtained results showed that the methanol extract of Murraya koeginii stem can be a potential corrosion inhibitor.

BF2 complexes of pyridyl‐isoindoline‐1‐ones as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl and the application for surgical instruments anticorrosion

AbstractIn this study, BF2 complexes of pyridyl‐isoindoline‐1‐ones (BPIO) has been firstly designed and investigated as an excellent corrosion inhibitor for the mild steel in 1 M HCl. The corrosion protection properties of BPIO were studied by using a series of experiments. The results indicated BPIO has excellent inhibition performance, and inhibition efficiency of BPIO reached up to 96.6%. The effects of immersion temperature and time were investigated by weight loss experiments to evaluate the stability of adsorbed BPIO film in protecting steel surface. Based on potentiodynamic polarization studies, BPIO acted as one mixed‐type corrosion inhibitor with predominant anodic effectiveness, and its adsorption on the mild steel follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of ΔGads suggested the adsorption of BPIO on the mild steel surface was through a combination of chemisorption and physisorption. The adsorption of BPIO molecules on the steel surface was further identified by the techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to optimize the BPIO molecular structure and investigate the inhibitive properties on the theoretical level, which agreed well with the experimental results. Besides, BPIO has been used for the development of water soluble metal antirusting agent.

Insights of newly synthesized novel pyrazole compounds for mild steel corrosion inhibition in an acidic environment by experimental and computational calculations

Pyrazole derivative Ethyl (E)-2-cyano-3-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate (Pz-a) and its novel nitro derivative Ethyl (E)-2-cyano-3-(3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acrylate (Pz-b) were synthesized and characterised using Mass spectra, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and utilized to safeguard mild steel from degradation in 1 M Hydrochloric acid environment. The inhibition effectiveness and mechanism were examined through both experimental and theoretical calculations. Electrochemical analysis illustrate that the protective property of pyrazoles rises proportionally with concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization reveals, both pyrazoles exhibit characteristics of mixed type inhibitors, inhibiting both oxidation and reduction processes. Pz-a and Pz-b adhesion on mild steel surface resembles the Langmuir isotherm. Gibbs free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) indicates Pz-a and Pz-b adsorbs physically and chemically over metal surface. The inhibition efficiency was found to be 89.85 % for Pz-b and 84.47 % for Pz-a at 10−2 M concentration. AFM scanning further confirms that the inhibitors are confined over mild steel. Better understanding of the corrosion inhibition mechanism has been facilitated by theoretical investigations through DFT parameters.

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 1.0 M HCl from Thiadiazole Derivative Schiff Bases and Their Complexes with Co(II) and Ni(II): Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Study, and Monte Carlo Simulation

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 1.0 M HCl from Thiadiazole Derivative Schiff Bases and Their Complexes with Co(II) and Ni(II): Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Study, and Monte Carlo Simulation

Kopsia terengganensis’ alkaloids as potential green inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in CO2-saturated 3.5% NaCl medium

The corrosion inhibition potential of alkaloids from Kopsia terengganensis bark extract (KTBE) in mitigating the mild steel corrosion in a CO2-saturated 3.5% NaCl medium was evaluated. Standard corrosion evaluation methods, including weight loss test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PD) were employed, which revealing a concentration-dependent enhancement in KTBE's inhibition efficiency. At 500 ppm, the corrosion inhibition efficiency recorded the highest value of 90.63% based on the weight loss study and 87.38% based on electrochemical analysis. Tafel slopes in PD studies affirmed that KTBE functioned as an anodic-type inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor is in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with an adsorption free energy (ΔG°ads) of −26.47 kJ/mol, suggesting the binding of KTBE molecules by means of physisorption. Surface analysis conducted through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of a protective inhibitive layer on the surface of mild steel. The proposed corrosion inhibition mechanism involves electrostatic interactions between KTBE molecules and the mild steel surface. This comprehensive investigation underscores KTBE's potential as an effective corrosion inhibitor in corrosive environments.

Azide Assisted Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Bioactive Metallic Complexes – A Quantum Chemical Investigation

Azide Assisted Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Bioactive Metallic Complexes – A Quantum Chemical Investigation