Corrosion Inhibition Of Carbon Steel Research Articles

Correlating Experimental with Theoretical Studies for a New Ionic Liquid for Inhibiting Corrosion of Carbon Steel during Oil Well Acidification

During the mandatory acidification process in the oil and gas industry, carbon steel unfortunately suffers significant corrosion damage. From this perspective, for the first time a new ionic liquid called 1-(2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-1-ium bromide (ILB) has been used as an effective inhibitor for the carbon steel corrosion in aggressive HCl solution (15%) at 298 K. The experiments were managed with a number of different chemical and electrochemical techniques including weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and impedance spectroscopy (EIS). ILB has good inhibitory performance as an acidizing corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel even at low dosing levels of 1 × 10−3 M. The findings were promising as an inhibition efficiency of about 97% was achieved when ILB was added at low concentrations to the corrosive media. EIS results showed a significant rise in charge transfer resistance (Rct) values with increasing doses of ILB. PDP studies confirmed that ILB is a mixed type and obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm with chemical nature. The metal surface morphologies were inspected using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Additionally, Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamic Simulation (MDS) indicates that ILB molecules function as inhibitors more successfully. There is a high degree of concordance between practical and theoretical studies.

Experimental and theoretical approaches to the inhibition of carbon steel corrosion by thiophene derivative in 1 M HCl

Via electrochemical approach, the effect of [4-(4-chloro-phenylazo)-3-hydroxy-5-phenylamino-thiophen-2-yl]-phenyl-methanone (TD) as a corrosion inhibitor for the corrosion of carbon steel (CS) in 1.0 M HCl solution has been demonstrated. Electrochemical examination, surface analysis, and theoretical studies (quantum chemistry and molecular dynamic) were used to examine the efficiency of the inhibitor. Both inhibitor concentration and temperature were found to induce inhibitory responses. According to the findings, this compound acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. It also behaves according to the Langmuir and Henry adsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and discussed. Polarization data showed that the examined compounds significantly adsorbed on the steel surface, which rises the inhibition efficiency up to 95 % in the presence of 5 × 10−5 M at 25°C. The predicted molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and quantum chemistry results revealed good consistency with the experimental work.

New pyrazole derivative as effective corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl: Experimental and theoretical analysis

Corrosion inhibition is an extensive field of study, and its progression is gaining traction among researchers. This paper describes a study to synthesize and characterize a novel class of organic corrosion inhibitor called (3, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) (4-((4-chlorobenzy-lidene) amino) phenyl) methanone) (DPCM). The structure of DPCM was determined using FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. The effectiveness of DPCM was tested on carbon steel in 1 M HCl using electrochemical and weight loss methods, and it was found that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing temperature and DPCM concentration. The highest inhibition efficiency of 89.5% was achieved at 60 °C and 400 ppm DPCM. The inhibition action of DPCM molecules was achieved by blocking the metal surface by means of the adsorption of inhibitor molecules obeying the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Adsorption-free energy indicates a spontaneous chemical adsorption process. The polarization test results clarified a mixed effect of DPCM on anodic and cathodic reactions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated an increase in metal resistance in the presence of an inhibitor. The formation of a protective layer was confirmed by SEM and AFM analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation has been used to determine the relationship between molecular configuration and their inhibition efficiencies.

Fructus cannabis protein extract powder as a green and high effective corrosion inhibitor for Q235 carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution

The Fructus cannabis protein extract powder (FP), was firstly used as a green and high effective corrosion inhibitor through a simple water-extraction method. The composition and surface property of FP were characterized by FTIR, LC/MS, UV, XPS, water contact angle and AFM force-curve measurements. Results indicate that FP contains multiply functional groups, such as NH, CO, CN, CO, etc. The adsorption of FP on the carbon steel surface makes it higher hydrophobicity and adhesion force. The corrosion inhibition performance of FP was researched by electrochemical impedance, polarization curve and differential capacitance curve. Moreover, the inhibitive stability of FP, and the effects of temperature and chloride ion on its inhibition property were also investigated. The above results indicate that the FP exhibits excellent corrosion inhibition efficiency (~98 %), and possesses certain long-term inhibitive stability with inhibition efficiency higher than 90 % after 240 h immersion in 1 M HCl solution. The high temperature brings about the FP desorption on the carbon steel surface, while high concentration of chloride ion facilitates the FP adsorption. The adsorption mechanism of FP follows the Langmuir isotherm adsorption. This work will provide an insight for protein as a green corrosion inhibitor.

Surface interaction and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in sulfuric acid using Petroselinum crispum extract

With the aid of the mass loss (ML) method, and a few electrochemical techniques [potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)], the inhibitory impact of Petroselinum crispum (PC) extract on C-steel corrosion in solutions of 1 M sulfuric acid was assessed. By employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques, the C-steel surface morphology was investigated. The data showed that the solution of plant extract can be effectively utilized to inhibit C-steel corrosion in solutions of 1 M sulfuric acid. The effectiveness of the extract was enhanced by the higher extract dose and rising temperature. The apparent activation energy and the enthalpy of the dissolution process were determined and discussed. The presence of PC decreases the double-layer capacity from 493.1 to 107.3 μF cm−2 and raises the charge transfer resistance in a solution of 1 M sulfuric acid from 43.39 to 287.7 Ω cm2. PC is a mixed-type inhibitor, as demonstrated by PDP tests. The PC extract demonstrated the highest productivity for the C-steel protection up to 90.2% at 300 ppm from the extract, according with the PDP technique. The attained data indicated that PC extract was adsorbed chemically (ΔGoads > 40 kJ mol−1) onto the surface of the C-steel following the Temkin isotherm. The results of numerous tests appear to agree.

Green Synthesis of N,N'-Bis(3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-oxalamide: A Corrosion Inhibitor of Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium

Green Synthesis of N,N'-Bis(3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-oxalamide: A Corrosion Inhibitor of Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium

Two novel Schiff bases derived from 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel pipelines during acidizing treatment of oil wells: Laboratory and theoretical studies

ABSTRACT Two novel Schiff bases derivatives of 1 H–1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)imino (L1 and L2) were synthesized and investigated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of L1 and L2 was inspected by gravimetric measurements, electrochemical method, and quantum chemical calculations. L1 and L2 inhibitory efficiency is related to the test’s concentration. The created compounds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The corrosion inhibition property of the synthesized Schiff base on carbon steel, the main component of pipelines used in oil and gas fields, in 1 M HCl medium was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). From the loss-weight data it was found the inhibition rises by the grown inhibitor concentration, which at 1 mM of L1 and L2, receiving a record level in η w of 92.3% and 93.9%, respectively. The prepared Schiff bases act as good mixed-type corrosion inhibitors, according to potentiodynamic polarization experiments. Both inhibitors’ adsorption on CS surfaces followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, with both physisorption and chemisorption. The impact of the molecular structure of the synthesized Schiff bases was examined using the density-functional theory (DFT) method and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation.

Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in wet acid gas environment using CORR 11631 A: Weight loss and computational investigations

Corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in wet acid gas environment using CORR 11631 A: Weight loss and computational investigations

Drugs as corrosion inhibitors for the environment

Recently, corrosion-inhibiting compounds have been discovered in a number of medications. In the past, corrosion inhibitors were used by researchers. Corrosion is a significant issue since it is difficult to eradicate completely. When metals interact with their surroundings, their chemical composition and physical properties change. Non-toxic antioxidants, such as organic and inorganic inhibitors, have been prohibited from use in corrosion prevention due to environmental concerns. Drugs can be utilized as corrosion inhibitors due to their minimal toxicity and impact on the environment. Corrosion inhibitors have been evaluated with a wide range of materials, including mild steel, carbon steel, and aluminum (melatonin, cephapirin and tramadol among them). By developing on the surface of mild steel, an insoluble compound has been discovered to inhibit corrosion. Because mass and charge transfer are blocked by the adsorption of modified dapsone medicine on mild steel, corrosion is inhibited. The corrosion inhibition was investigated using EFM, linear polarization resistance, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. XRD, SEM, and AFM techniques were utilized to evaluate the Metal surface morphology before to and following drug addition. Researchers discovered that expired Dapsone can be used to make a new corrosion inhibitor. According to an EIS investigation, during the inhibition phase, a charge transfer mechanism is at action. As the inhibitor concentration grew, so did the corrosion rate. Researchers used weight loss and electrochemical technologies to study the effect of cephapirin medications on carbon steel corrosion (CS). Density functional theory simulations revealed that cephapirin is an excellent carbon steel corrosion inhibitor (DFT).

Temperature Effect on the Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel by Polymeric Ionic Liquids in Acid Medium

In the present research work, the temperature effect on the corrosion inhibition process of API 5L X60 steel in 1 M H2SO4 by employing three vinylimidazolium poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) was studied by means of electrochemical techniques, surface analysis and computational simulation. The results revealed that the maximal inhibition efficiency (75%) was achieved by Poly[VIMC4][Im] at 308 K and 175 ppm. The PILs showed Ecorr displacements with respect to the blank from -14 mV to -31 mV, which revealed the behavior of mixed-type corrosion inhibitors (CIs). The steel micrographs, in the presence and absence of PILs, showed less surface damage in the presence of PILs, thus confirming their inhibiting effect. The computational studies of the molecular orbitals and molecular electrostatic potential of the monomers suggested that the formation of a protecting film could be mainly due to the nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms present in each structure.

Biofilm-Induced Corrosion Inhibition of Q235 Carbon Steel by Tenacibaculum mesophilum D-6 and Bacillus sp. Y-6

The corrosion of carbon steel causes dramatic economic losses each year. Since conventional corrosion prevention approaches may cause pollution problems to the environment, ecofriendly and effective corrosion approaches are desired. Microbiologically influenced corrosion inhibition (MICI) has been reported as a sustainable corrosion prevention method. This work aims to evaluate the corrosion inhibition effect of two bacterial strains, Tenacibaculum mesophilum D-6 and Bacillus sp. Y-6 by choosing Q235 carbon steel as a model system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and a series of electrochemical techniques were applied to study the corrosion prevention effect. The electrochemical and pitting results indicated that T. mesophilum D-6 displayed a better corrosion protection effect. T. mesophilum D-6 formed a denser and thicker biofilm on the Q235 surface than Bacillus sp. Y-6. The maximum thickness of the T. mesophilum D-6 biofilms was 11.6 ± 0.7 μm, which is about twice as thick than that of Bacillus sp. Y-6. The corrosion prevention mechanism was ascribed to the formation of biofilms as a barrier to block corrosive agents such as O2. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the application of biofilms as green and effective corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel.

Synthesis, spectroscopic analysis and electrochemical studies of novel organic compound based on N-alkylphthalazinone chemistry as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1M HCl

The adsorption affinity and corrosion protection of two synthesized N-alkylphthalazinone derivatives 2(a-b), namely: 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-4-(p-tolyl)phthalazin-1(2H)-one (a) and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)phthalazin-1(2H)-one (b) on carbon steel (CS) in an acidic environment using electrochemical and mass loss methods. The mass loss test at the highest inhibitor concentration produced a maximum corrosion efficiency of 93.4% for inhibitor (a). Thermodynamic parameters were determined while the inhibitors' adsorption process was investigated. The inhibitory molecules adsorption on the CS substrate accompanied the Langmuir isotherm. As a function of inhibitor concentration, the thermodynamic activation functions of the dissolution process were calculated. Surface examination such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were used to confirm the adsorption phenomenon. Also investigated were quantum chemical parameters to approve the donor-acceptor system of the synthesized N-alkylphthalazinone derivatives. The theoretical values are in good correlation with the experimental values.

Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Crude Oil by Using Different Green Corrosion Inhibitors and Various Rotation Speeds

Corrosion is a major problem in the petroleum industry, which often occurs to crude oil production equipment and to petroleum product transportation pipelines as well. In order to protect these parts from corrosion, much small quantities of inhibitors are constantly injected, which gradually formulate a fluffy layer of inhibitor over the metal surface so as to protect it from corrosion. Recently, the impact of corrosion inhibitors on the environment has been raising more attention and concern. New regulations related to environment have been designated, imposing a change in the use of toxic chemicals to the utilization of the so-called “green chemicals”. Experiments on carbon steel corrosion protection have been conducted in a medium of crude oil has an API gravity of 30.6 by using different concentrations, ranging between 100 – 400 ppm of different green inhibitors such as corn oil, sunflower oil, flaxseed oil and castor oil with a different rotation speeds, namely, 0, 500, 1250 and 2000 rpm. The weight loss outcomes have showed that the rate of carbon steel corrosion in the crude oil decreases with the rise of inhibitors’ concentration, while corresponds with the increase of the rotational speed. In addition, it was found that the maximum inhibition efficiency achieved for the inhibitors corn oil, sunflower oil, flaxseed oil and castor oil in crude oil was using a concentration of 400 ppm, a rotation speed of 0 rpm and an ambient temperature (25 °C) is 41.85%, 50.76%, 63.55% and 92.63%, respectively.

Experimental and computational studies on the corrosion mitigation properties of a newly synthesized imine derivative for carbon steel in HCl medium

A new imine derivative, namely 4-amino-2-((2,4 dihydroxybenzylidene)amino)-4 oxobutanoic acid (ADAO), was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel (CS) in 1.0 mol/L HCl. Its molecular structure was elucidated by different spectroscopic analysis methods such as UV, FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR. The corrosion inhibition behavior was investigated by weight loss, electrochemical techniques, surface analysis, and computational approaches (quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations). Obtained outcomes showed that the ADAO displayed excellent effectiveness for CS corrosion inhibition, and its inhibition performance raised with its concentration reaching a maximum inhibition efficiency of 97.24% at 10−4 mol/L. Moreover, the influence of immersion time and temperatures were investigated and discussed. The adsorption behavior of the studied inhibitor followed Langmuir isotherm and revealed the presence of both physical and chemical processes upon interaction with the steel surface. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) outcomes demonstrated that ADAO acts as a mixed type inhibitor. EIS results showed that the charge transfer resistance Rct increases and double layer capacitance Cdl decreases in the presence of the synthesized imine, which suggests their adsorption on the steel surface. SEM analysis revealed the formation of a protective film on the carbon steel surface. Quantum chemical calculations indicated that the CN is the privileged site for the adsorption of the ADAO on the iron surface.

Essential Oil of Origanum vulgare as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium

In this study, Oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaf essential oil was studied as an environmental-friendly anticorrosion agent for carbon steel in aggressive hydrochloric acid. The corrosion inhibition of O. vulgare was characterized by surface morphology, electrochemical, weight loss, theoretical and computational methods. It was found that the highest inhibition performance of O. vulgare was 85.64% at 2 g/l in 1 M HCl. The results of Langmuir isotherm and adsorption thermodynamics investigation demonstrated that the O. vulgare inhibitor adsorbed on the metal surface by the formation of rigid covalent bonds. The adsorption and inhibition centers of the selected inhibitor were studied by the computational methods, resulting in that the hydroxyl functional groups and benzoyl rings are mainly responsible for the high inhibition efficiency.

Synthesis and characterization of novel acrylamide derivatives and their use as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

Two new acrylamide derivatives were prepared namely: “N-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide (BHCA) and N-((2-hydroxyethyl) carbamothioyl) acrylamide( HCA) and their chemical structures were analyzed and confirmed using IR and 1H NMR”. These chemicals were investigated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel (CS) in 1 M HCl medium using chemical method (mass loss, ML), and electrochemical techniques including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the acrylamide derivatives work well as corrosion inhibitors, with inhibition efficacy (%IE) reaching 94.91–95.28% at 60 ppm for BHCA and HCA, respectively. Their inhibition depends mainly on their concentration and temperature of the solution. According to the PDP files, these derivatives function as mixed-type inhibitors that physically adsorb on the CS surface in accordance with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, creating a thin coating that shields the CS surface from corrosive fluids. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) increased and the double layer capacitance (Cdl) decreased as a result of the adsorption of the used derivatives. Calculated and described were the thermodynamic parameters for activation and adsorption. Quantum chemistry computations and Monte Carlo simulations were examined and discussed for these derivatives under investigation. Surface analysis was checked using atomic force microscope (AFM). Validity of the obtained data was demonstrated by the confirmation of these several independent procedures.

Black Pine (Pinus nigra) Essential Oil as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel

In this work, the essential oil of black pine (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold) was used for the first time as a natural, ecological, and sustainable corrosion inhibitor for the acid cleaning of carbon steel. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–flame–ionization detection (GC–FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The most abundant components in the essential oil were α-pinene, germacrene D, (E)-cariophyllene, and β-pinene. The inhibition efficiency was determined by electrochemical methods (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization measurements). The results showed that the inhibitory efficiency of the black pine essential oil increases with time, reaching the highest values after 4 h of immersion for all inhibitor concentrations. It was also shown that black pine essential oil is a mixed-type inhibitor. The contact angle measurements confirmed that the black pine essential oil, as a new natural, environmentally safe inhibitor, is able to protect carbon steel from corrosion in a 1 M HCl solution.

Chitosan derivatives as promising green corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in acidic environment: Inhibition performance and interfacial adsorption mechanism

Among the biodegradable polysaccharide, chitosan is widely present in the cell membranes of bacteria and algae and in the cell walls of higher plants. As a promising biopolymer, chitosan has great potential as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor. Herein, two synthetic chitosan derivatives (N-phenylthiourea chitosan (CS-PT), N-phenyl-O-benzylthiourea chitosan (CS-PT-Bn)) were investigated as high-efficient acidic corrosion inhibitors to deal with the corrosion issue of carbon steel. The anti-corrosion property of the chitosan derivatives was explored by electrochemical tests, surface characterization and theoretical calculations. The experimental results indicate that both CS-PT and CS-PT-Bn present high-efficient inhibition performance with the inhibition efficiency of 98.4% and 98.5% at the concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. Their adsorption mechanism at steel/solution interface is revealed by quantum chemical calculations, molecular dynamics (MD) and GFN-xTB calculations. It is found that CS-PT and CS-PT-Bn adsorb at the steel/solution interface by forming Fe-N and Fe-S bonds. Compared to CS-PT molecule, the introduction of benzyl group endows CS-PT-Bn molecule with stronger electrostatic effect and hydrophobicity, which favors the interfacial adsorption of CS-PT-Bn molecule on carbon steel surface.

Expired Colxacillin, Amoxicillin, and Ceflaxin Drugs as Inhibitors for Low Carbon Steel Corrosion in Sodium Chloride

The ability to inhibit corrosion of low carbon steel in a salt solution (3.5%NaCl) has been checked with three real expired drugs (Cloxacillin, Amoxicillin, Ceflaxin) with variable concentrations (0, 250, 500, 750) mg/L were examined in the weight loss. The inhibition efficiency of the Cloxacillin 750 mg/L showed the highest value (82.8125 %) and the best inhibitor of the rest of the antibiotics. The different concentrations of Cloxacillin drug (0, 250, 500, 750) mg/L and temperature (25, 35, 45, 55) oC were studied as variables with potentiodynamic polarization, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for surface morphology and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) depending on current values and the resistance of charge to calculate the inhibition efficiency. The main observations of these tests were that polarization curves showed a mixed-type inhibition of expired Cloxacillin. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing Cloxacillin concentration but not with increasing temperature.

Sulfosalicylic acid modified carbon dots as effective corrosion inhibitor and fluorescent corrosion indicator for carbon steel in HCl solution

Sulfosalicylic acid modified carbon dots as effective corrosion inhibitor and fluorescent corrosion indicator for carbon steel in HCl solution