Activin Research Articles

The utility of serum inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone and insulin growth factor-1 in predicting a positive response to GnRH analogs for diagnosing central precocious puberty in girls

Abstract Objectives The use of inhibin B (INHB), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in differentiating central precocious puberty (CPP) from non-CPP was evaluated. Methods In total, 115 Chinese girls were recruited (CPP: 44, non-CPP: 71). The diagnostic performance of INHB, AMH and IGF-1 in differentiating CPP from non-CPP was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results INHB levels were higher in the CPP group than in the non-CPP group (55.56 ± 22.42 vs. 32.97 ± 15.59 pg/mL; p<0.001). AMH levels were similar in the CPP and non-CPP groups (6.63 ± 3.74 vs. 5.70 ± 3.15 pg/mL; p=0.158), and IGF-1 levels were much higher in the CPP group than in the non-CPP group (290.75 ± 79.78 vs. 200.10 ± 54.01 pg/mL; p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was greatest for INHB (0.819, standard error (SE) 0.041), followed by IGF-1 (0.809, SE 0.047) and AMH (0.567, SE 0.057). Among the ROC curves including combinations of these parameters, the AUC for INHB + IGF-1 was 0.849 and that for INHB + AMH was 0.768. Conclusions Serum INHB and IGF-1 measurements could predict positive responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog stimulation in girls with precocious puberty.

EFFECTS OF HEATING ON PHYTONUTRIENTS IN COOKED AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF VIGNA UNIGULCULATA (BLACK EYED BEAN)

Objective: To investigate the effects of heating on phytonutrients of cooked Vigna unigulculata. Methods: The consequences of heating on V. unigulculata were investigated by phytochemical analysis (qualitatively and quantitatively), alongside analysis of proximate contents. Five phytochemicals were quantified and nutrient contents determined. Results: Results revealed that phytochemicals in raw sample were significantly (p<0.05) higher than cooked sample. Alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids in raw black-eyed bean (RBEB) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than cooked black-eyed bean (CBEB). Meanwhile, apart from crude fat content, others (carbohydrate content, ash content, protein and fiber content) of CBEB V. unigulculata were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than RBEB V. unigulculata. Conclusions: Cooking by heating influenced a reduction of phytochemicals but an increase in proximate content in V. unigulculata. Peer Review History: Received 11 May 2021; Revised 18 June; Accepted 29 June, Available online 15 July 2021 Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Dennis Amaechi, MrsFoluBabade Mini Estate , Flat 5 by Old Soldiers Quarter, Sabongari/Bwari, Abuja- Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. amaechitoexcel@yahoo.com Dr. Nagalingam Varnakulenthiren, Siddha Medicine, Unit of Siddha Medicine, Trincomalee Campus, EUSL, Sri Lanka, drvarnan@gmail.com Julie Ann S. Ng, Blk 18 Lot 6 Grandville 3 Subdivision Mansilingan, Bacolod City, Philippines. julieann_ng@yahoo.com Similar Articles: A REVIEW: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE TO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND HCN LEVEL IN CASSAVA (MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ) LEAVES HEATING EFFECT ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PROXIMATE CONTENTS OF COOKED AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS (KIDNEY BEANS)

ACTIVE LEARNING AND ITS APPLICATION IN TEACHING ENGLISH

This article provides an overview of active learning in thecontext of language teaching by answering research questions:How is the concept of active learning de?ned? What are themethods and strategies connected to active learning and whattechniques can they be represented with? There are givensuggestions how teachers can implement active learningtechniques in their practice and what activities have proveneffective in building language competence of author’s students.It also presents some ideas on the training material developmentfor practitioners in the field of language teaching and coursematerials for learners, thus contributing to the existing knowledgebase about utilizing active learning in the process of Englishlanguage acquisition.It has been established that strategies which are based onideas about how learners effectively acquire foreign languagecommunicative competence assist the participants of educationalprocess in transition into full engagement. Active learning helpsstudents submerge into course material and results in learning,applying, synthesizing, summarizing and evaluating the content.The types of activities, which the teacher implements, are ofparamount importance as they determine the level and type ofstudents' learning and are chosen or designed in order to reachlesson objectives. They span from uncomplicated ones to activitiesof increased complexity and include Concept Mapping, Think /Pair / Share technique, Cooperative Groups in Class, Note Checkor Note Comparison, Minute Papers, If You Could Ask OneQuestion, Discussions, etc.The study also tackles barriers and obstacles which canoccur on the path of incorporating active learning strategiesin teaching and mastering English as a foreign language aswell as recommendations on their overcoming.

Activin A in CKD-associated muscle wasting.

Activin A in CKD-associated muscle wasting.

THE IMPORTANCE OF URATE PATHWAY ENZYMES ACTIVITY AND ITS RELATION WITH OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PROGRESSION AND INVASION OF HUMAN COLORECTAL CANCER

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main reasons for the mortality connected with tumor diseases. There is still a shortage of examination including the influence of urate pathway enzymes in the progressiveness and invasion of CRC, so the present study investigated the role of xanthine oxidase (XO), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) activity, concerning TBA-reactive substances (TBARS) as an oxidative stress (OS) marker in progression, also an invasion of human colorectal cancer. We took tissue specimens from 50 patients with colon cancer, in all four TNM clinical stages of the disease. They were divided into 3 groups: cancer tissue, tissue surrounding the tumor and healthy control tissue group. We made 10% homogenates in which we conducted the study with proper methods. The activity of ADA and XO in tumor tissue and tissue adjacent to the tumor is statistically higher in comparison to healthy colon tissue. The 5'-NT is not significantly higher in carcinoma tissue. The highest activity of ADA and XO is in T2 and T3 tumor stages. TBARS has the highest concentration in T3 and T4 stages of the tumor. Presented results suggest that the possible cause of OS in colon carcinoma is high XO and ADA activity. It may include those enzymes in the transformation of the colon tissue, as well as in the progression of CRC. So, the ADA and XO activity might be helpful in determing the margins of colon resection. They can have significance in diagnosis, but in the prognosis of the disease as well.

Identification and Enzymatic Analysis of an Archaeal ATP-Dependent Serine Kinase from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Staphylothermus marinus.

Serine kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of free serine (Ser) to produce O-phosphoserine (Sep). An ADP-dependent Ser kinase in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis (Tk-SerK) is involved in cysteine (Cys) biosynthesis and most likely Ser assimilation. An ATP-dependent Ser kinase in the mesophilic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is involved in siderophore biosynthesis. Although proteins displaying various degrees of similarity with Tk-SerK are distributed in a wide range of organisms, it is unclear if they are actually Ser kinases. Here, we examined proteins from Desulfurococcales species in Crenarchaeota that display moderate similarity with Tk-SerK from Euryarchaeota (42 to 45% identical). Tk-serK homologs from Staphylothermus marinus (Smar_0555), Desulfurococcus amylolyticus (DKAM_0858), and Desulfurococcus mucosus (Desmu_0904) were expressed in Escherichia coli. All three partially purified recombinant proteins exhibited Ser kinase activity utilizing ATP rather than ADP as a phosphate donor. Purified Smar_0555 protein displayed activity for l-Ser but not other compounds, including d-Ser, l-threonine, and l-homoserine. The enzyme utilized ATP, UTP, GTP, CTP, and the inorganic polyphosphates triphosphate and tetraphosphate as phosphate donors. Kinetic analysis indicated that the Smar_0555 protein preferred nucleoside 5'-triphosphates over triphosphate as a phosphate donor. Transcript levels and Ser kinase activity in S. marinus cells grown with or without serine suggested that the Smar_0555 gene is constitutively expressed. The genes encoding Ser kinases examined here form an operon with genes most likely responsible for the conversion between Sep and 3-phosphoglycerate of central sugar metabolism, suggesting that the ATP-dependent Ser kinases from Desulfurococcales play a role in the assimilation of Ser. IMPORTANCE Homologs of the ADP-dependent Ser kinase from the archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis (Tk-SerK) include representatives from all three domains of life. The results of this study show that even homologs from the archaeal order Desulfurococcales, which are the most structurally related to the ADP-dependent Ser kinases from the Thermococcales, are Ser kinases that utilize ATP, and in at least some cases inorganic polyphosphates, as the phosphate donor. The differences in properties between the Desulfurococcales and Thermococcales enzymes raise the possibility that Tk-SerK homologs constitute a group of kinases that phosphorylate free serine with a wide range of phosphate donors.

ATTD 2021 Invited Speaker Abstracts.

ATTD 2021 Invited Speaker Abstracts.

INHBA promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells through the upregulation of VCAN.

ObjectiveColon cancer has high morbidity and mortality rates, and proliferation, invasion and migration play an important role in colon cancer progression. Here, the effects of inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA) on cell proliferation, invasion and migration were investigated.MethodsThe UALCAN database was used to assess INHBA expression in colon cancer tissues and predict the survival of patients with high and low INHBA expression. The relevant proteins were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell transfection was performed to overexpress or inhibit INHBA and versican (VCAN). The high correlation between INHBA and VCAN found through LinkedOmics and StarBase databases was verified by immunoprecipitation assays. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to assess migration and invasion.ResultsINHBA expression was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells. INHBA inhibition impaired the proliferation, migration and invasion of these cells. In addition, we confirmed the correlation between INHBA and VCAN in colon cancer cells. Finally, we found that INHBA interference inhibited the aggressive behavior of colon cancer cells by downregulating VCAN.ConclusionINHBA promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells through the upregulation of VCAN.

INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN EDUCATION

INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN EDUCATION

FSH Stimulated Inhibin B in Disorders of Puberty

Abstract Background: Predicting puberty is a clinical challenge. Available tests include basal gonadotropins, GnRH and GnRH analogue stimulation test, hCG stimulation test and basal inhibin B(INHB). Unlike GnRH and GnRH analogue stimulated LH, no study has investigated for possibility of rapidly releasable pool of inhibin B from gonads so far. Therefore, in quest of a better diagnostic test present study was undertaken to explore stimulability of inhibin B and if found stimulable, potential role of FSH stimulated inhibin B(FSH-INHB) as marker of entry into puberty. Methods: A total of forty-two subjects fulfilling eligibility criteria were enrolled into this prospective interventional study. Study cohort was divided into Cohort A (Healthy children in puberty; n=26) and Cohort B (Patients of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; n=16). All participants were subjected to FSH stimulation test and GnRHa stimulation test as per study protocol. Data was analysed for male and female separately. Results: Mean delta change between INHB and FSH-INHB in cohort A (Male; n=18) was 188.8 pg/ml (p value-0.002) while in cohort B(Male; n=8) was 16.64 pg/ml (p value-0.076). Mean delta change in cohort A(Female; n=8) was 1065 pg/ml (p value- 0.023) while in cohort B (Female; n=8) was 9.8 pg/ml (p value-0.128). On ROC analysis, INHB of 68.88 pg/ml in male had 94.4 % sensitivity and 87.5% specificity while 51.47 pg/ml in female had 75% sensitivity and 100% specificity for entry into puberty. Cut off for FSH-INHB were 116.14 pg/ml and 116.50 pg/ml for male and female respectively (100% sensitivity/100% specificity). Conclusion: Inhibin B was stimulable in both male and female after entry into puberty, highlighting the presence of rapidly releasable pool in ovaries and testes. FSH stimulated inhibin B may emerge as promising tool for entry into puberty.

REFLECTION OF THE BANK’S CREDIT ACTIVITIES IN ACCOUNTING

In the conditions of market economy development the money and money capital markets, the main subjects of which are banks, are of particular importance. First of all, credit institutions are intermediaries in the implementation of settlements between economic entities of market relations. In this regard, the organization of an effective system of accounting for credit activities is one of the urgent tasks of any banking institution, the quality of the solution of which significantly depends on the successful operation of the bank. The article identifies the theoretical features of the reflection of the bank’s lending activities in accounting, analyzes the modern methodology of accounting for credit operations of the bank. An economic and legal analysis of the regulatory framework for lending to a banking institution was conducted. The principles of reflecting the main credit operations of the bank are studied. The organization of effective reflection of the bank’s credit activity, first of all, depends on the principles used by the banking institution in accounting. In particular, such as: prudence, accounting stability, transaction dates, division of reporting periods, valuation of assets and liabilities, separate reflection of assets and liabilities. Accounting for credit activities of the bank refers to the accounting of interest and commission income; accounting for the face value of the loan and changes in the principal amount of debt. Paying attention to the current state of accounting for credit operations, society will require much more information about their activities to restore confidence in banking institutions. This can be achieved through the developed recommendations for improving the method of accounting for credit activities of banks, namely: the introduction of methods for accounting for deferred debt on credit operations, indicating in the Chart of Accounts of banks of Ukraine accounts for deferred debt depending on the date of its occurrence.

Serum INHB levels and ACE gene I/D polymorphism with increased risk for unexplained infertility.

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) has a significant role in the angiogenesis of ovarian endothelium and the resumption of meiosis and folicular growth. However, there is no any study concerning ACE polymorphism and unexplained infertility (UI). The main aim of this study is that both identify ACE polymorphism and measure the serum ACE, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin-B (INHB) levels in UI patients and controls in Turkish population. Forty-seven UI patients and 41 controls were involved in this study. To determine the ACE polymorphisms, DNA isolation and PCR were performed. Then, serum ACE, AMH and INHB levels were measured spectrophotometrically. Patients with UI had significantly higher serum INHB levels compared with controls (P < 0.05). Serum ACE levels were decreased, compared to controls; however, the decrease was not significant. Serum AMH levels did not significantly differ from controls. When the relationship was analysed between ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and infertility risk, and ID genotype was chosen as reference, it was found to be 2.33 times more risk of UI than the women have DD genotype [DD versus ID: odds ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval (0.88-6.19); P = 0.086]. This finding indicates that DD genotype may be high risk for UI. Further studies are warranted to confirm this finding, especially with a larger population.

ANALYSIS OF WRITING MATERIALS AND ACTIVITIES IN “ WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL” IN TEXTBOOK

Abstract. A Textbook is a reference for teachers and students on learning. (Awasthi, 2006) Says textbooks are learning material for both teachers and students in the learning and teaching process, especially in students for learning activities. This study aims to analyze the material and student activity in textbooks. The analysis is focused on the presentation of the materials and assignments written by the students. This research is descriptive qualitative using content analysis. From the aspect of presenting writing material and activities, all writing materials and assignments are in the form of a guide. writing, because students are asked to write responses, in limited length, to the instructions given. This study shows that writing assignments in textbooks are proportionately covered. The findings suggest that independent references to vocabulary and grammar are required for independent study. With written assignment activities presented in the textbook material, students understand better the previous lesson and are more active in the learning process. The topics presented are diverse so that students have the opportunity to explain the topic in different ways.

ANALYSIS OF WRITING MATERIALS AND ACTIVITIES IN “ WHEN ENGLISH RINGS A BELL” IN TEXTBOOK

Abstract. A Textbook is a reference for teachers and students on learning. (Awasthi, 2006) Says textbooks are learning material for both teachers and students in the learning and teaching process, especially in students for learning activities. This study aims to analyze the material and student activity in textbooks. The analysis is focused on the presentation of the materials and assignments written by the students. This research is descriptive qualitative using content analysis. From the aspect of presenting writing material and activities, all writing materials and assignments are in the form of a guide. writing, because students are asked to write responses, in limited length, to the instructions given. This study shows that writing assignments in textbooks are proportionately covered. The findings suggest that independent references to vocabulary and grammar are required for independent study. With written assignment activities presented in the textbook material, students understand better the previous lesson and are more active in the learning process. The topics presented are diverse so that students have the opportunity to explain the topic in different ways.

RETRACTED: microRNA-6785-5p-loaded human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes suppress angiogenesis and metastasis in gastric cancer via INHBA

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Figs. 1D+F, 2G, 3C, 4C and 6C, which appear to have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0). The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. However the authors were not able to satisfactorily fulfil this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Aggressive Gastric Cancer Phenotypes via Heat Shock Factor 1-Mediated Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles.

Gastric cancer is the third most lethal cancer worldwide, and evaluation of the genomic status of gastric cancer cells has not translated into effective prognostic or therapeutic strategies. We therefore hypothesize that outcomes may depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), in particular, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). However, very little is known about the role of CAFs in gastric cancer. To address this, we mapped the transcriptional landscape of human gastric cancer stroma by microdissection and RNA sequencing of CAFs from patients with gastric cancer. A stromal gene signature was associated with poor disease outcome, and the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) regulated the signature. HSF1 upregulated inhibin subunit beta A and thrombospondin 2, which were secreted in CAF-derived extracellular vesicles to the TME to promote cancer. Together, our work provides the first transcriptional map of human gastric cancer stroma and highlights HSF1 and its transcriptional targets as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets in the genomically stable tumor microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows how HSF1 regulates a stromal transcriptional program associated with aggressive gastric cancer and identifies multiple proteins within this program as candidates for therapeutic intervention. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/7/1639/F1.large.jpg.

Tribbles Pseudokinase 2 (TRIB2) Regulates Expression of Binding Partners in Bovine Granulosa Cells.

Members of the Tribbles (TRIB) family of pseudokinases are critical components of intracellular signal transduction pathways in physiological and pathological processes. TRIBs, including TRIB2, have been previously shown as signaling mediators and scaffolding proteins regulating numerous cellular events such as proliferation, differentiation and cell death through protein stability and activity. However, the signaling network associated with TRIB2 and its binding partners in granulosa cells during ovarian follicular development is not fully defined. We previously reported that TRIB2 is differentially expressed in growing dominant follicles while downregulated in ovulatory follicles following the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection. In the present study, we used the yeast two-hybrid screening system and in vitro coimmunoprecipitation assays to identify and confirm TRIB2 interactions in granulosa cells (GCs) of dominant ovarian follicles (DFs), which yielded individual candidate binding partners including calmodulin 1 (CALM1), inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA), inositol polyphosphate phosphatase-like 1 (INPPL1), 5′-nucleotidase ecto (NT5E), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B (SDHB) and Ras-associated protein 14 (RAB14). Further analyses showed that all TRIB2 binding partners are expressed in GCs of dominant follicles but are differentially regulated throughout the different stages of follicular development. CRISPR/Cas9-driven inhibition along with pQE-driven overexpression of TRIB2 showed that TRIB2 differently regulates expression of binding partners, which reveals the importance of TRIB2 in the control of gene expression linked to various biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, cell migration, apoptosis, calcium signaling and metabolism. These data provide a larger view of potential TRIB2-regulated signal transduction pathways in GCs and provide strong evidence that TRIB2 may act as a regulator of target genes during ovarian follicular development.

Comments to Jean-Claude Burgelman's article Politics and Open Science: How the European Open Science Cloud Became Reality (the Untold Story) —“EOSC is a bigger ME” and the Dunning Kruger effect

Comments to Jean-Claude Burgelman's article <i>Politics and Open Science: How the European Open Science Cloud Became Reality (the Untold Story)</i> —“EOSC is a bigger ME” and the Dunning Kruger effect

Serum inhibin B for differentiating between congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and constitutional delay of growth and puberty: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PurposeThe distinction between congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) and constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) in patients with delayed puberty is difficult to distinguish, but important for timely treatment. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the diagnostic performance of serum inhibin B (INHB) levels for differentiating CHH and CDGP.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from the date of database inception to November 10, 2019 for studies examining the use of serum INHB to discriminate between CHH and CDGP. Pooled odds ratios (OR), sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Sub-analyses were performed including that based on testicular volume (TV) and study design.ResultsSeven studies, comprising of 349 patients (96 CHH and 253 CDGP), were included in the meta-analysis. For differentiating between CHH and CDGP, INHB level exhibited good diagnostic accuracy with a pooled sensitivity of 92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–0.96, I2 = 0.4%, p = 0.4343), specificity of 92% (95% CI: 0.88–0.94, I2 = 68.1%, p = 0.0009), and pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.9619. The cut-off values of INHB for boys were 56, 66, 80, 96, 94.7, 111, and 113 pg/ml (assay method standardized to Gen II ELISA). Sub-analyses showed that testicular volume and study design could be a source of statistically significant heterogeneity in specificity. In boys with a testicular volume of ≤3 ml, INHB performed well with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 98%, and AUC of 0.9956.ConclusionINHB exhibits excellent diagnostic efficiency in distinguishing CHH from CDGP, especially in boys with severe puberty deficiency (TV ≤ 3 ml).

APPLICATION OF ACTIVE AND INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF HIGHER SCHOOL

"The article discusses the features of active and interactive teaching methods. The analysis of the application of these methods in the educational process of higher education is carried out, it is said that a teacher of a higher school must not only transfer scientific knowledge, but also be able to choose the optimal teaching strategy, use modern educational technologies, creating the prerequisites for creativity. The authors note that the educational process, based on the use of active and interactive teaching methods, is organized taking into account the inclusion in the learning process of all students in the group, without exception. The article also indicates the possibility in the process of teaching the teacher to choose both one method and use a combination of several. According to the authors, a successful application depends on the consistency and correlation of the selected methods and tasks. "