Low-dose Dopamine Infusion Research Articles

Cardiovascular response to dopamine in hypotensive preterm neonates with severe hyaline membrane disease

The effect of low dose (2, 4, and 8 micrograms/kg per min) dopamine infusion on blood pressure, heart rate and renal function was studied in 18 hypotensive, preterm infants with severe hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Significant dose-related effects found during dopamine infusion were systolic and diastolic blood pressure elevation and diuretic effect, while heart rate increase occurred only with 8 micrograms/kg per min of the drug. This indicates, that in the preterm neonate, dopamine at low doses has a pronounced effect on the alpha- and dopamine-receptors, while its beta-receptor stimulating activity is minimal. We demonstrated a significantly decreased metabolic clearance rate of dopamine in preterm infants. Thus, beside the differences in the vascular receptors' maturation, the decreased metabolic clearance rate should also be taken into account when explaining the cardiovascular and renal effects of low dose dopamine infusion in these babies. Dopamine was found to be useful in normalizing low arterial blood pressure, in improving impaired peripheral circulation, and in producing a marked diuresis in hypotensive preterm neonates with severe hyaline membrane disease.

The use of low doses of dopamine in intensive care medicine.

The dopamine alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor dose-response curves are investigated in four patients who are exempt from cardiovascular disease. A dose-related increase in CO, HR and SV is observed with infusion rates of up to 3 micrograms kg-1 min-1. With concentrations greater than 10 micrograms kg-1 min-1, both BP and SVR increase. Low-dose dopamine infusion less than 3 micrograms kg-1 min-1 is investigated in ten other patients. With this infusion rate, a selective renal vasodilation is induced without peripheral or cardiac beta-adrenoceptor activation. Dopamine is responsible for an increase in diuresis FENa, GFR and RBF. These properties are indicated in renal failure, and when haemodynamic support is required in cardiac failure, if an infusion rate of up to 10 micrograms kg-1 min-1 is able to reverse cardiac insufficiency.

Differential effects of a low dose dopamine infusion on prolactin secretion in normal and hyperprolactinemic subjects.

The PRL inhibitory effect of dopamine (DA) in human in vivo studies has been previously demonstrated with DA infusions at rates generally exceeding 2 micrograms/kg . min. We report here the effects of a DA infusion administered at a rate of 0.02 microgram/kg . min for 180 min to 10 normal subjects and 25 hyperprolactinemic patients with pituitary tumors (13 microprolactinomas, 8 macroprolactinomas, and 4 expanding nonsecreting pituitary adenomas). Serum free DA concentrations during the 3-h DA infusion reached an average of 0.8 +/- 0.1 ng/ml (about an 8- to 10-fold rise from basal levels). DA produced a significant (P less than ) 0.001) decline in plasma PRL levels in both normal subjects and hyperprolactinemic patients. There was a negative linear correlation between the serum DA concentrations and the percent PRL variation from basal levels (r = -0.58; P less than 0.001). The comparison of RPL responses between the different groups revealed that the mean percent overall PRL inhibition was significantly lower in patients with microprolactinomas than in normal subjects (P less than 0.02). On the other hand, PRL inhibition was greater in patients with nonsecreting adenomas than in either patients with microprolactinomas or those with macroprolactinomas (P less than 0.001). From 90-180 min, PRL suppression was also greater in patients with nonsecreting adenomas than in normal controls (P less than 0.05). The present study shows that 1) slight elevations of plasma DA are sufficient to inhibit PRL secretion, suggesting that DA acts as major physiological PRL-inhibiting factor, 2) there is a relative PRL resistance to DA inhibition in microprolactinoma patients; and 3) PRL is hyperresponsive to DA in expanding nonsecreting pituitary tumors.

Acute oliguria after cardiopulmonary bypass

Hemodynamic and renal function response to low-dose (100 and 200 micrograms/min) dopamine infusion was studied in 15 adult cardiac surgical patients who manifested combined oliguria and left ventricular dysfunction postoperatively. Patients were studied an average of 6.6 h after ICU admission, at normothermia and after 2 consecutive hourly urine output determinations of less than 0.5 ml/kg . h in the presence of a left atrial or pulmonary artery occlusion pressure over 12 mm Hg. Dopamine infusion at 100 micrograms/min produced improvement in creatinine, osmolar and free water clearances (70 +/- 10 to 115 +/- 13, 37 +/- 4 to 93 +/- 16 and --15 +/- 2 to --37 +/- 10 ml/min, respectively), and urinary sodium concentration (15 +/- 5 to 29 +/- 10 mEq/L). Urine flow improved overall from 22 +/- 2 to 54 +/- 9 ml/h; however, in 9 of 15 patients, flow was less than 0.5 ml/kg . h (33 +/- 5 to 50 +/- 6 ml/h). In each of these 9 patients, dopamine infusion at 20 micrograms/min further improved urine flow as well as measured renal function. Plasma renin activity measured in 9 of the 15 patients before and during the 100 micrograms/min dopamine infusion was decreased from 1.95 +/- 0.57 to 0.73 +/- 0.39 ng/ml . h. The hemodynamic effect of both dopamine doses was increased cardiac output coupled with decreased systemic (SVRI) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI). In these 15 patients, low-dose dopamine infusion produced significant improvement in renal function, with resolution of oliguria in every case, and with no deleterious hemodynamic effect.

DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN OLIGURIC STATES

Low-dose dopamine infusion (1 μg/kg/min) produced a diuresis in early oliguric acute tubular necrosis. No complications were encountered during or after the infusion.

Brain uptake of radiolabeled amino acids, amines, and hexoses after arterial injection.

ARTICLESBrain uptake of radiolabeled amino acids, amines, and hexoses after arterial injectionWH OldendorfWH OldendorfPublished Online:01 Dec 1971https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.6.1629MoreSectionsPDF (3 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByThe physiological control of eating: signals, neurons, and networksAlan G. Watts, Scott E. Kanoski, Graciela Sanchez-Watts, and Wolfgang Langhans14 January 2022 | Physiological Reviews, Vol. 102, No. 2Traversal of the Blood–Brain Barrier by Cleavable l -Lysine Conjugates of Apigenin20 June 2018 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 66, No. 30Strategies for Enhancing the Permeation of CNS-Active Drugs through the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Review28 May 2018 | Molecules, Vol. 23, No. 6Inflow of oxygen and glucose in brain tissue induced by intravenous norepinephrine: relationships with central metabolic and peripheral vascular responsesR. Aaron Bola and Eugene A. Kiyatkin1 February 2018 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 119, No. 2Effects of intravenous low-dose dopamine infusion on glucose regulation during prolonged aerobic exerciseBlair D. Johnson, Ana B. Peinado, Sushant M. Ranadive, Timothy B. Curry, and Michael J. Joyner1 January 2018 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 314, No. 1Intracarotid hypertonic sodium chloride differentially modulates sympathetic nerve activity to the heart and kidneyRobert Frithiof, Tao Xing, Michael J. McKinley, Clive N. May, and Rohit Ramchandra15 April 2014 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 306, No. 8Synthesis, transport, and metabolism of serotonin formed from exogenously applied 5-HTP after spinal cord injury in ratsYaqing Li, Lisa Li, Marilee J. Stephens, Dwight Zenner, Katherine C. Murray, Ian R. Winship, Romana Vavrek, Glen B. Baker, Karim Fouad, and David J. Bennett1 January 2014 | Journal of Neurophysiology, Vol. 111, No. 1Fructose-induced leptin resistance: discovery of an unsuspected form of the phenomenon and its significance. Focus on “Fructose-induced leptin resistance exacerbates weight gain in response to subsequent high-fat feeding,” by Shapiro et al.Joseph R. Vasselli1 November 2008 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 295, No. 5Regulation of the fructose transporter GLUT5 in health and diseaseVeronique Douard, and Ronaldo P. Ferraris1 August 2008 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 295, No. 2Mechanism of rapid-phase insulin response to elevation of portal glucose concentrationMakiko Fukaya*, Akira Mizuno*, Hidekazu Arai, Kazusa Muto, Takashi Uebanso, Kaoru Matsuo, Hironori Yamamoto, Yutaka Taketani, Toshio Doi, and Eiji Takeda1 August 2007 | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 293, No. 2Serotonin type-3 receptors mediate cholecystokinin-induced satiation through gastric distensionMatthew R. Hayes, Fiona M. Chory, Claire A. Gallagher, and Mihai Covasa1 July 2006 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 291, No. 1Cerebral leucine uptake and protein synthesis in the near-term ovine fetus: relation to fetal behavioral stateMarie J. Czikk, John C. Sweeley, Jacobus H. Homan, J. Ross Milley, and Bryan S. Richardson1 January 2003 | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, Vol. 284, No. 1Regulation of Amino Acid and Glucose Transporters in Endothelial and Smooth Muscle CellsGiovanni E. Mann, David L. Yudilevich, and Luis Sobrevia1 January 2003 | Physiological Reviews, Vol. 83, No. 1Comparison of blood-brain barrier permeability in mice and rats using in situ brain perfusion techniqueHideyasu Murakami, Hitomi Takanaga, Hirotami Matsuo, Hisakazu Ohtani, and Yasufumi Sawada1 September 2000 | American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol. 279, No. 3Occurrence of D-aspartic acid and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid in rat neuroendocrine tissues and their role in the modulation of luteinizing hormone and growth hormone releaseThe FASEB Journal, Vol. 14, No. 5 More from this issue > Volume 221Issue 6December 1971Pages 1629-1639 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1971 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.6.1629PubMed5124307History Published online 1 December 1971 Published in print 1 December 1971 Metrics