Industrial Infrastructure Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF MARITIME BUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVES OF TECHNOLOGY, POLITICS AND ENVIRONMENT

Maritime Management is the process of planning, organizing, managing, and controlling business activities in the maritime sector. This activity includes the operating procedures of ships, all kinds of marine vessels, ports, and all other marine facilities. Communication in maritime business is critical for the continuity and security of maritime operations. Using communication systems, maritime companies can communicate between ships, ports, and other maritime facilities. This communication is essential to manage the navigation of ships, coordinate port operations, and ensure maritime safety. Communication and communication networks in the marine sector are advancing rapidly with technological developments. This situation also carries the growth in cyber security in the marine business. Cyber security in maritime trade is critical to protecting the critical infrastructure of the marine industry. It includes the information technology systems and networks of maritime vessels, ports, and other maritime facilities. This study examines the effects of political, technological, and environmental factors on cyber technology innovations and developments in communication & communication networks in maritime activities. MSC, COSCO, and A.P. are examples. In this study, in which MOLLER-MAERSK companies were selected, the Content Analysis Method was used as the research method, and the findings were analyzed qualitatively by applying the PESTEL method. As a result of the research findings, it has been revealed that despite technological developments, the sector may face cyber threats, and investment planning should be continued more effectively. Conducting this study in a narrow context across different sectors or countries in maritime enterprises will strengthen the literature.

Industry Network Structure Determines Regional Economic Resilience: An Empirical Study Using Stress Testing

We evaluate the network robustness of industrial capabilities across China’s provincial administrative regions, focusing on their resilience in the wake of the 2008 economic crisis. By adopting a novel network science methodology within the context of economic geography, we leverage co-classification data from the China Statistical Yearbook to conduct stress tests on regional industrial resilience. The findings indicate a considerable variability in robustness among provincial industry networks. Through regression analysis, it is evident that regions with more robust industrial network structures exhibit greater resilience in employment rates in response to both random and targeted disruptions. Notably, regions characterized by high employment levels coupled with weak industrial foundations are identified as particularly vulnerable, facing significant challenges in sustaining economic resilience. This study highlights the imperative for further in-depth research into the relationship between the structural dynamics of regional economic networks and their resilience to economic shocks, emphasizing the critical role of robust industrial infrastructures in enhancing regional economic stability.

Land Finance, Local Government Debt and Economic Green Transformation

As economic development continues to advance globally, countries are increasingly focused on the green transformation of their economies. This paper employs a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and entropy weighting methodology to construct and assess an indicator system for economic green transformation, taking into account environmental pollution. The analysis is based on panel data from 215 prefecture-level cities in China between 2015 and 2019. The two-way fixed effects model and moderating effect model are employed to investigate the influence of land finance on economic green transformation and to ascertain the moderating effect mechanism of local government debt. The study’s conclusions are as follows: (1) Land finance impedes the transition to a green economy. (2) Local government debt is a major factor that restricts the influence of land finance on the transition to a green economy; as local government debt levels rise, land finance’s role in impeding the transition to a green economy rises, and a positive moderating effect occurs. (3) Depending on the urban geographic location, the size of the economy and other factors, the impact of local government debt and land finance on the economic green transition varies. This empirical study demonstrates that the more local government debt there is in an eastern region or city with a bigger economic output scale, the more of an inhibitory influence land finance has on the economic transition to a green economy. In light of this, the paper suggests that the land finance policy be updated at the appropriate time, that the land market be regulated, that the government’s reliance on land finance be gradually decreased, that the nature and amount of public debt be actively optimised, that the industrial infrastructure be enhanced to facilitate the transition towards a more environmentally sustainable economy, and that other suggestions be made.

SOLIDWORKS™ Design, fabrication and performance analysis of a banana fiber extraction machine and its components

Banana cultivation is a prominent agricultural activity in Pakistan, particularly in the lower Sindh districts such as Tando Muhammad Khan, Hyderabad, Sanghar, and Mirpur Khas. Each banana plant bears fruit only once in its lifetime, resulting in a significant amount of waste biomass from the pseudo stems after harvest. Utilizing these waste stems can enhance environmental sustainability and increase economic benefits for farmers. Traditional methods of extracting banana Fiber are plagued by inefficiencies, including lengthy processing times and subpar Fiber quality. This study possesses the design and development of a mechanized solution to extract high quality banana Fiber efficiently. The process encompasses the selection of suitable material, detailed design, mathematical analysis, and the assembly of machine components, aiming to address the shortcomings of conventional extraction methods. The performance analysis was conducted for the machine successfully handled banana stems up to 155mm in width and 22mm in thickness, demonstrating its robust capacity and versatility in processing various sizes. The positive simulation results provide a theoretical validation of the design before physical testing, suggesting the machine components are well designed and capable of enduring typical operational stresses. This study addressed Sustainable development goal 8 Decent work and economic growth, 9 industry innovation and infrastructure, 12 Responsible consumption and production and 13 climate action.

Acoustic emission monitoring for industrial pressure vessels and infrastructure

Acoustic emission (AE) is a phenomenon that occurs in materials that are exposed to stress. Defects in the material, such as cracks can grow and release energy in the form of a mechanical wave that propagates through the material. With the help of piezoelectric sensors, the mechanical wave is converted into an electrical signal. The signals are recorded by the measuring system and are available for further processing. Acoustic emission as a method that records and processes the incoming signals in real time is therefore very suitable for 24/7 long-term structural health monitoring. With new approaches in data processing, acoustic emission can be moved from the classic periodic test approach to an online monitoring process. The in-service monitoring brings measuring challenges with it, like application on hot surfaces and inside explosion hazard areas. New developments in hardware and software provide tailor-made solutions for a variety of monitoring tasks. The use of artificial intelligence algorithms helps to improve the analysis of measurement data and guarantees safe operation of pressure equipment and infrastructure around-the-clock. Some examples of continuous monitoring are shown on pressure vessels from the industry sector and on infrastructure buildings e.g., steel bridges. Also, a new lean system approach in structural health monitoring with acoustic emission is presented.

Financial and Efficiency Performance before and after Mergers and Acquisitions in the Indonesian Infrastructure Industry

This study examines the differences in the financial and efficiency performance of several companies before and after Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A). It specifically evaluates the impacts of M&A on infrastructure industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange by comparing their performance three years before and three years after M&A. The analysis employs non-parametric statistics, including the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The companies’ financial performance is assessed using various financial ratios: Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Cash Ratio (CR), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), Fixed Asset Turnover (FAT), Total Asset Turnover (TATO), Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). The data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Competition Commission (ICC/KPPU), the IDX database, and the financial reports of the companies involved. The findings reveal that, overall, the financial and efficiency performance of the five companies did not improve after the M&A. Surprisingly, only one company, i.e., Adhi Karya, successfully increased its efficiency score following the M&A.

Search of opportunities for digitalization of infrastructure and establishment of industry 5.0 based on the application of artificial intelligence: regional aspect of digital transformation

The consistent practice of digitalization shows the ‘emergence’ of a new quality of work of development institutes, businesses. The further development of the infrastructure, taking into account innovations and ‘digits’, will make it possible to fulfill important tasks in the partial implementation of the directions of progressive digital development of the regions of Ukraine outlined by the government in the post-war period. The purpose of the article is research and data analysis in terms of sub-indices of digital transformation of the regions of Ukraine with the aim of finding opportunities for digitization of infrastructure and working business processes. The authors consider three stages of the development of artificial intelligence through the prism of digitalization of the economy and virtual reality, namely: basic artificial intelligence, universal artificial intelligence, artificial super intelligence. The article attempts to present the opportunities created as a result of industry digital transformation, the development of the Internet, the penetration of basic e-services, the introduction of a paperless regime, and the development of centers for the provision of administrative services. The sub-index ‘Penetration of basic e-services’ shows positive dynamics. Improvement of this sub-index indicates an improvement in terms of connection to the Unified Information System of the Social Sphere; availability in all departments of the State Registration of Civil Status Acts, maternity hospitals e-Malyatko; connecting the Technical Inventory Bureau to the State Register of Property Rights. It was concluded that the new virtual reality in combination with the ever-present application of the latest information and communication technologies is the driving force behind the formation of Industry 5.0, innovations are ‘born’, and new types of digital services appear. The IoT, big data analytics, AI, communicativeness and networking of interactions, diffusion of innovations and Internet technologies become the impetus for digital and innovative changes in all sectors of the economy.

Value co-destruction through misintegration of resources within a public service ecosystem

ABSTRACT The concept of public service ecosystem is gaining much interest in discourses concerning value co-destruction in public service delivery. We adopt public service ecosystem as a perspective to view value co-destruction within infrastructure industry through misintegration of resources. To us, value destruction represents a decline in individual, organizational or societal well-being. Our research identifies hybridity, temporality, interconnectedness, and interdependence as pivotal characteristics of the public service ecosystem leading to misintegration of resources. We argue that mitigating value co-destruction requires a focus on institutional arrangements, structures, and incentives to align value creation processes and bridge gaps in the public service ecosystem.

Research on copper flow and environmental load in China's new infrastructure industry for carbon neutrality

With the rapid development of new infrastructure in China, the demand for copper has increased significantly. In 2021, copper consumption in this sector accounted for 9.1% of China's total consumption, becoming a new driving force for copper demand. This study analyzed copper flow characteristics and primary driving factors in China's new infrastructure sectors using the material flow analysis method, quantified the environmental loads of the metabolic processes, and predicted copper demand in the new infrastructure sectors by 2030 through scenario analysis. The primary conclusions drawn are as follows: In 2021, copper consumption in new infrastructure sectors was 1,225,700 tons, with the rail transportation sector accounting for 59.6% and the artificial intelligence sector accounting for 0.6%. The rail transportation sector had the largest total environmental load, with carbon emissions of approximately 3,513,372 tons. From the perspective of tons of copper products, the 5G sector had the highest environmental load, while the big data centers had the lowest. In the seven sectors of new infrastructure, the environmental load contribution rates across the four stages showed little variation, with their proportions being 49.0, 29.8, 15.8, and 5.4%, respectively. Recycling of discarded copper products can effectively reduce industrial energy consumption and carbon emissions. Under the three scenarios set in this study, the copper demand in the new infrastructure sector by 2030 will be 3.856, 3.233, and 2.625 million tons, respectively. Using wind energy to replace coal in copper production can reduce carbon emissions by approximately 43.2%.

TECHNOLOGIES AND ORGANIZATION OF DISMANTLING COLUMNS DESTROYED, DAMAGED AND THOSE THAT LOST STABILITY AND BEARING CAPACITY AS A RESULT OF THE EXPLOSION

The technologies and organization of the dismantling of destroyed, damaged columns and those that have lost stability and bearing capacity as a result of dynamic loads during an explosion is a very relevant topic, since these events have become extremely frequent in the modern world, and almost always cause damage to buildings and structures, such as civil and industrial infrastructure. The dismantling of such structures is a necessary stage in the demolition of old buildings for the construction of new ones, as well as the restoration and reconstruction of buildings and infrastructure. The development and improvement of technological methods and ways of dismantling damaged columns, the development of new mechanisms and devices is of great practical importance in the construction and reconstruction of infrastructure facilities. The purpose of the article is to study the methodology for the selection of effective OTD, which ensure the intensification of dismantling works and the reduction of the period of reconstruction and restoration of buildings and structures. The object of research: technological processes that occur during the dismantling of modern structures. The subject of the study: technological parameters and technical and economic indicators of technological processes, which must be performed during the dismantling of modern structures, based on the capabilities of the Ukrainian construction industry. Presentation of the material. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks were performed: it was analyzed what part of the volume of the entire building is occupied by reinforced concrete and metal columns; specific examples of the real use of various methods of dismantling columns damaged or destroyed by an explosion were found; the frequency of use of various methods of dismantling columns was analyzed; the key factors affecting the choice of column dismantling method are determined. The result of the study will allow to choose the most effective OTD that ensures the intensification of dismantling works and shortening the period of reconstruction and restoration of buildings and structures.

Development of The Automotive Technology Vocational Education Curriculum Based on Current Needs of The Automotive Industry

This research aims to: 1) Analyze the competencies needed by the current automotive industry in the Automotive Industry, 2) Analyze the implications of the automotive industry's needs for the automotive technology vocational education curriculum, and 3) Analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors of the partnership program for the automotive technology vocational education study program. The subjects of this research were 5 practitioners consisting of: Service Manager, Instructor, Service Advisor, and Mechanic from the Business and Industrial World (DUDI) in the automotive sector in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection techniques in this research used observation, documentation and interview methods. The research instrument was validated through expert judgment. The data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive analysis with the triangulation method to obtain data validity. The research results show that: 1) the competencies required by the current automotive industry for undergraduate graduates include technical competency and managerial competency; 2) The need for technical and managerial competency demands that curriculum study materials be adapted to industry needs; 3) Supporting factors for the partnership program include: complete industrial facilities and infrastructure and adequate human resources (HR). The inhibiting factors for the partnership program are: the absence of an MoU between agencies and difficulties in preparing schedules.

The Contribution of Sustainable Businesses to Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract The paper examines the role of sustainable businesses in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Recognising the significance of business participation in attaining a more sustainable future, this study uses bibliometric analysis to assess the present status of research in this area. To begin, the paper emphasises the growing importance of understanding the role businesses can play in advancing the SDGs. This research seeks to bring to light existing knowledge gaps and trends in the scientific literature that investigate this critical link. Using a systematic approach, the study analyses a comprehensive dataset of academic papers to address the following subjects: the evolution of the research on sustainable business, the authors, organisations, countries, documents, and sources that have impacted the development of the field, the issues that framed the research on sustainable business, and the contribution of sustainable business practices to specific SDGs. Investigation uncovers key insights, reveals research focus trends, and specific areas of the Sustainable Development Goals. These conclusions underscore the evolving understanding of sustainable businesses' potential contributions to achieving the SDGs. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the research landscape using a robust bibliographic methodology. The findings provide valuable information for researchers, companies, and policy makers aimed at further increase the positive impact of sustainable business practices on the achievement of the ambitious goals of the United Nations SDG agenda. The contribution of sustainable businesses to achieving Sustainable Development Goals is highlighted by scientific papers with research focusing on the correlation between sustainable business and SDG indicators. An attention-grabbing aspect is that most scientific papers on sustainable business were published in connection with the "Industry Innovation and Infrastructure" and "Responsible Consumption and Production" indicators.

Rail Structural Health Monitoring using ultrasonic guided waves: system design and deployment

Railways are a central industrial infrastructure enabling people and goods transportation all across the globe and their use is due to increase in the forthcoming years to reduce the overall carbon footprint of our modern societies. Hence the need to ensure their reliable use, as traffic interruptions or accidents can have dire social, economic and environmental impacts. In particular, rail breaks can produce such incidents and need to be monitored and prevented if possible. Ultrasonic guided waves are a promising physical phenomenon to monitor rails as they can enable the monitoring of long portions with a limited number of sensors. This talk will present a SHM system relying on such waves for rail monitoring which has been deployed for industrial tests on a subway line. The electronics, the sensors and their coupling to the rail were optimized to ensure the measurement of guided waves after a long-range propagation throughout the life of the system. Indeed, specific couplings are needed to enable long-time coupling, and so ultrasound sensitivity of the system, while the rails are bearing high loads or dilating due to temperature changes. An experimental campaign was carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of the system to rail breaks, and to demonstrate its detection under representative, uncontrolled environmental conditions. Particular considerations linked to pulse-echo inspections, inducing a sensitivity to cut-off frequencies and zero-group velocity modes, will be presented.

Bridging the gap between IT and OT to improve industrial cyber security

Understanding cyber security risks is important for everyone. In this paper you will gain perspective on the cyber security challenges facing organisations today that operate within manufacturing and critical infrastructure industries, across their information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) teams. You will also gain insight into potential solutions. IT teams have evolved distinctly, prioritising data security, access controls and system hardening in networked computing environments. OT teams manage and operate industrial control system (ICS) equipment with specific requirements around reliability and uptime for the purpose of ensuring physical outcomes in manufacturing or critical infrastructure production environments. IT and OT have traditionally operated separately within organisations because they serve different functions. The lack of interaction and understanding between IT and OT has led to cyber security vulnerabilities and frustration between organisations. IT may want to patch OT systems but get pushback because downtime halts production. OT may distrust IT recommendations because they have historically caused operational disruptions. This tension has caused many organisations to avoid trying to connect these two worlds; however, as digital transformation and Industry 4.0 initiatives bring IT and OT systems together, new cyber risks emerge. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices, legacy equipment, unpatched programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and obscured asset inventories create vulnerabilities. Despite their differing perspectives and priorities, however, collaboration between IT and OT is essential to secure today’s converged environments. Discover proven steps that can be taken to bridge the gaps between organisations to provide greater security across the enterprise, while strengthening internal teams and improving business outcomes.

Research on Object Motion, Fire and Gas Detection Using ESP32

Abstract: Working parents frequently worry about leaving their young children unattended at home, but thanks to technological advancements, it is now simpler to keep an eye on things and send information quickly. With the aid of the Internet of Things, parents may simply monitor their children's behavior within the home or keep an eye on guests at the entrance. By sensing motion and sending photographs on Telegram, this hardware-based application seeks to improve home security and kid safety by assisting in identifying any anomalous activity. This hardware-based architecture saves time and aids in monitoring in lieu of the owner. The fast expansion of industrial facilities and infrastructure is causing pollution, climate change, and other environmental problems. The suggested device uses humidity sensors, temperature detectors (DHT 11), gas detectors (MQ2, MQ7, and MQ135),and other sensors to identify the unfavorable gases present in the production process.

ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРЕХОД И ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕЖЕНИЕ НА НОВОМ ЭТАПЕ РАЗВИТИЯ

The problem of increasing energy efficiency in the Russian Federation is considered. The USSR energy system was unique in size and efficiency; due to large interconnected energy facilities and the development of district heating, it made it possible to efficiently consume fuel, which resulted in annual savings of 40-60 million tons of standard fuel and 10-15 GW of capacity. After a period of decline in the 90s of the last century, over the past 15 years the country's energy consumption has increased by a third, and structural changes have occurred in the main energy-intensive sectors of the Russian economy. It is noted that industry accounts for about 45% of the Russian energy balance, which is many times more than thermal power engineering (21%). The country's reserves for energy saving and energy efficiency can be divided into two groups. System reserves, consisting of an increase in the capacity and load of “carbon-free” sources - hydroelectric power stations and nuclear power plants, active use of losses and heat from technological processes, optimization of heat supply schemes, account for more than two-thirds of the potential for increasing energy efficiency. The second group consists of the use of renewable energy sources, waste, and biofuels. The country’s energy strategy should not consist in the quick payback of energy-saving projects, but in working on the systemic, multiplier effects of industrial development and infrastructure projects, the growth of large and small cities, and the development of hard-to-reach areas.

Research on Quantitative Diagnosis of Dendrites Based on Titration Gas Chromatography Technology

Lithium plating can cause capacity fade and thermal runaway safety issues in lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, accurately detecting the amount of lithium plating on the surface of the battery’s negative electrode is crucial for battery safety. This is especially crucial in high-energy-density applications such as battery energy storage systems or in electric vehicles (EVs). Early detection of lithium plating is crucial for evaluation of reliability and longevity. It also serves as a method for early diagnostics in practical industrial applications or infrastructure, such as EV transportation. This can enhance its impact on customers. This study validates the effectiveness of titration gas chromatography (TGC) technology in quantitatively detecting lithium plating on graphite negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. The results show that it can detect a minimum of 2.4 μmol of metallic lithium. Compared with the heating direct current resistance and reference electrode methods, which can be used to perform only qualitative dendrite detection, TGC has a wider range of detection. Compared with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method with higher quantitative detection accuracy, the maximum difference between the detection results of the two methods was only 7.2%, but the TGC method had lower cost and higher implementation convenience. In summary, among various dendrite detection methods, the TGC method can not only realize the effective quantitative detection of lithium plating, but also comprehensively consider its detection range, implementation convenience, cost, and detection accuracy, indicating that it is suitable for engineering applications and has the prospect of realizing large-scale quantitative detection of lithium plating in lithium-ion batteries.

Empirical Insights - Mapping the Key Factors that Have an Influence on Clusters Competitiveness

In today's global economy, clusters have emerged as crucial drivers of regional economic development and competitiveness. This article presents a comprehensive literature review that sheds light on the factors that influence the competitiveness of clusters. Drawing upon a broad range of scholarly sources across various fields, including economics, geography, and management, we synthesize existing research to identify and analyze the key determinants that shape cluster competitiveness. The review highlights the importance of several factors such as industry specialization, knowledge spillovers, innovation networks, infrastructure, and institutional support in enhancing the competitive performance of clusters. Furthermore, the paper critically examines the methodological approaches employed in studying cluster competitiveness, providing valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers. By analyzing and evaluating the literature, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the dynamics of cluster competitiveness. Therefore, the research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on this important subject and underscores the significance of clusters in shaping regional economic development and competitiveness.

China's environmental tax reform achieves the co-management of carbon and haze: The role of optimizing energy utilization

Environmental tax reform in China is an essential initiative to achieve carbon and haze co-management by shifting the Environmental Fee to Tax (EFT). Therefore, we employ a Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) model to measure the level of carbon and haze co-management across three distinct scenarios in China. Treating the EFT policy as a quasi-natural experiment, the study explores its impact on carbon and haze co-management using data of 282 prefecture-level cities in China during 2015–2020. Furthermore, the study further analyzes the regional heterogeneity and the transmission mechanisms of optimizing energy utilization. The principal findings of this investigation are as follows. First, the co-management levels of carbon and haze in China show a discernible upward trend from 2015 to 2020. A heightened emphasis on carbon reduction is helpful in improving the co-management level of carbon and haze. Co-management levels of carbon and haze are lower within the treatment group compared to the control group, but their growth rates are higher. Second, the EFT policy in China has significantly enhanced the co-management level of carbon and haze. Third, the impact of China's EFT policy has a more pronounced effect in western China and a comparatively weaker effect in middle China, which may be attributed to variations in industrial infrastructure, supporting facilities, availability of clean energy resources, and prevailing policy inclinations across different regions of China. Finally, China's EFT policy is an instrumental factor in augmenting the co-management level of carbon and haze, primarily through pathways of upgrading energy structure and improving energy efficiency.

Navigating the green growth spectrum: Exploring the synergy between geopolitical risk, environmental policy stringency, and green production practices

The deepening understanding of the environment has heightened our perception of the causes of environmental damage, promoting a shift from combating pollution to preventing it with a core emphasis on environmental protection. Academicians and governance authorities have shifted their focus from traditional production practices to green production practices (GPP). The current body of literature has explored the impact of GPP on environmental quality. Whereas, the implications of geopolitical risk (GPR) and environmental policy stringency (EPS) on GPP are still unexplored. Keeping in view these gaps in existing research, this research is the earliest endeavor to examine the impact of GPR and EPS on GPP for the group of seven (G-7) countries from 1990 to 2020. In this regard, we have applied panel quantile regression (PQR) which allows for a more flexible treatment of heterogeneity and is robust to deal with outliers and skewed distributions compared to traditional panel data techniques. The empirical findings reveal that GPR has a significant destructive impact on GPP whereas, the EPS upsurge the GPP in G-7 countries. Founded on the factual outcomes, we recommend policy recommendations to achieve the objectives of SDG 07 (affordable and clean energy), SDG 08 (exports for decent economic growth), SDG 09 (industry innovation and infrastructure), SDG 11 (sustainable cities and societies), SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 13 (environmental policies for climate action), and SDG 16 (conflict, peace, and justice strong institutions).