E-commerce Infrastructure Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON SMALL BUSINESS

The article provides a review of scientific literature in order to generalize the methodology for defining the concept of "electronic commerce". The main trends in the field of e-commerce in small business are characterized. The data on the development of the e-commerce market are analyzed and the following is emphasized: in the number of purchases from mobile devices has increased; creation and widespread use of social media pages is a key factor in the development of e-commerce by entrepreneurs. The advantages and disadvantages of using electronic commerce by small businesses are systematized. In given article authors shine a problem an analysis he shift toward online transactions and digital platforms has been accelerated to adapt to the changing business landscape. Through the review of scientific literature, a comprehensive understanding of e-commerce's impact on small businesses has been highlighted. The article has delved into the main trends shaping the e-commerce landscape for small businesses, emphasizing the significant increase in purchases made through mobile devices. This trend underscores the importance of having a mobile-friendly online presence for entrepreneurs to effectively reach their target audience. E-commerce is a tool through which firms can attain competitive advantage. Therefore it is interesting to further explore how firms exactly go about implementing e-commerce systems, and which path firms take from e-commerce idea generation up to realization of e-commerce success.To comprehensively understand the impact of e-commerce on small businesses, it is crucial to conduct a multiple case studies analysis using a qualitative research design. Small businesses experience challenges before, when, and after integrating e-commerce into their operational structures internally and externally, such as perceiving the technology as an unnecessary business cost, lack of resources to fund e-commerce infrastructure, and absence of managerial support to adopting a radical approach to innovation and growth of the business. The analysis of the impacts of e-commerce on small businesses helps to determine the opportunities and challenges in the business operation process.

Development trends of payment ecosystems as a key link of the e-commerce infrastructure

The article provides an analytical assessment of trends and prospects for the development of payment ecosystems as a key link of e-commerce infrastructure. The factors of the development of electronic payment systems are systematized: the formation of technical and technological prerequisites related to general digitalization (payment infrastructure, network of POS terminals; mobile telephony capabilities; Abstract. The article provides an analytical assessment of trends and prospects for the development of payment ecosystems as a key link of e-commerce infrastructure. The factors of the development of electronic payment systems are systematized: the formation of technical and technological prerequisites related to general digitalization (payment infrastructure, network of POS terminals; mobile telephony capabilities; blockchain technology; creation of robots-consultants; innovative financial services; built-in financing); formation of socio-psychological prerequisites (digital literacy of the population; affordability of mobile phones with appropriate payment services; mental understanding of the importance of the transition to digitization of payments; convenience, security and speed of cashless payments; the impact of advertising). A modern paradigm of the renewed payment ecosystem of Ukraine is proposed, which will lead to its profound positive transformation. The necessity of applying European experience in the organization and operation of payment systems in order to improve the forms of interbank settlements and increase the efficiency of the payment system of Ukraine is substantiated.

Industry-Specific Applications of Site Reliability Engineering

This article explores the application of Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) principles across various industries, demonstrating how SRE practices are being adapted beyond traditional tech companies to sectors such as healthcare, finance, and e-commerce. Originally developed by Google, SRE has evolved into a set of practices that bridge the gap between software development and IT operations, focusing on system reliability, performance optimization, and proactive problem-solving. The article examines specific case studies in each industry, highlighting the challenges faced during SRE implementation and the tangible benefits realized by organizations. By analyzing the impact of SRE on critical systems such as Electronic Health Records, high-frequency trading platforms, and e-commerce infrastructure, the article illustrates how SRE principles can be effectively applied to improve system reliability, enhance customer satisfaction, and increase operational efficiency across diverse business contexts.

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN UKRAINE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY

The development of electronic commerce positively impacts the national economy by transforming business processes and consumer experience. eCommerce provides convenient access to goods and services from anywhere in the world, reducing costs and time spent on purchases, and facilitates the expansion of market opportunities. The aim of this study is to analyze the various characteristics and dimensions of eCommerce development in Ukraine, both before and after the full-scale war, and to examine its profound impact on the economy and broader society. This investigation will consider the shifting trends, challenges, and opportunities within the digital marketplace, offering insights into how these changes influence economic performance and social dynamics. The paper presents an analysis of eCommerce in Ukraine, including the legislative definition of «electronic commerce» and the positive aspects of digitalization on the economy. It examines the effects of global and local factors on the development of eCommerce in Ukraine and provides an overview of the dynamics of Ukrainian eCommerce from 2017 to 2023 in terms of major retailers. A forecast of significant growth in eCommerce revenues by 2029 in Ukraine is provided, based on the adoption of new technologies, including artificial intelligence and blockchain solutions, as well as improvements in digital literacy, expansion of eCommerce infrastructure, changes in consumer habits, and support for small and medium-sized businesses. Based on the analysis, recommendations for post-war recovery of the eCommerce sector are proposed. Conclusions are drawn regarding the positive impact of eCommerce on businesses, the state, and consumers. Further development of eCommerce in Ukraine requires adaptation to new conditions and technological innovations, increased digital literacy, and support for small and medium enterprises in their transition to online platforms

Technology roadmapping for the e-commerce sector: A text-mining approach

Due to rapid technological advancements and shifting consumer dynamics, the e-commerce industry has undergone rapid transformation. Further, emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, blockchain, and augmented reality, have the ability to revolutionize the e-commerce landscape. However, limited studies have mapped the technological evolution in the e-commerce sector. Therefore, this study offers a multi-faceted forecast of e-commerce technologies by combining patent analysis, semantic network analysis, and topic modelling approaches. The study analyzes 4113 patents and categorizes them into two time periods: 2001–2012 and 2013–2023. This study constructs co-word maps, defines the relationships between the words, and examines how the co-word relationships have changed over the time period. In the period between 2001 and 2012, the patents are categorized into four clusters: information processing and communication technologies, product purchase and sale management, e-commerce systems, and digital transaction and security management. For the period spanning between 2013 and 2023, the patents are classified into seven clusters: user experience, integrating devices, product information management, e-commerce infrastructure, advanced e-commerce authentication, pricing and payment solution, platform development, and e-commerce optimization. It aims to bridge theory and practice by developing a roadmap of near-, mid-, and far-future e-commerce technologies. The study highlights implications for practice and theory.

Issues of developing financial technologies in Vietnam in modern conditions

The use of digital technology in finance has led to the creation of more efficient and convenient financial services at lower costs, providing customers with a more attractive experience than traditional financial services. This trend has become dominant in recent decades, but it is a relatively new field in Vietnam. Vietnam has great potential for financial technology (hereafter referred to as fintech) development: the young population is increasingly using digital technologies in their daily lives, and the country has a relatively developed telecommunications and e-commerce infrastructure. However, fintech in Vietnam also faces many challenges, such as information technology risks, increased competition in the financial institution market, and difficulties in non-banking organizations management and supervision. Coordination among government agencies, fintech businesses and citizens is needed to address these challenges. The government needs to improve legal policy, raise public awareness, and create favorable conditions for fintech development. Fintech companies need to improve their products and services quality to meet people’s needs. The population needs to be aware of financial technologies to be able to effectively use fintech products and services.

Agriyug: A Python-Based Approach to ECommerce in Agriculture

This research explores the evolving landscape of e-commerce, particularly in the context of agricultural product transactions. With a growing trend in online shopping, users increasingly seek a seamless and enjoyable experience, specifically in the domain of purchasing agricultural goods. This study delves into the transformative role of Python in shaping the infrastructure of e-commerce for agricultural products. The research initiative, labelled as "AgriYug," aims to provide valuable insights into the changing dynamics and prospects of agricultural e-commerce. The focus is on enhancing the online shopping experience for farm products by leveraging the capabilities of Python technology. This research outlines the development of an e-commerce platform specifically designed to empower Indian farmers by enabling direct sales to consumers without intermediary intervention. Aligned with the national sentiment recognizing farmers as the backbone of the country, the platform addresses the economic challenges faced by farmers due to middlemen in the supply chain. The objective is to enhance farmers' economic autonomy and provide consumers with affordable, fresh produce. This initiative contributes to the broader goal of optimizing the agricultural market by eliminating excessive intermediary fees, ensuring fair compensation for farmers, and creating a more efficient supply chain.

Investing in security-as-a-service for e-commerce infrastructure by small and medium enterprises: a Monte Carlo approach

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the conditions under which small and medium enterprises (SMEs) invest in security services when they migrate their e-commerce applications to the cloud environment. Using a risk management perspective, the paper assesses the impact of security service pricing, security incident prevalence and virulence to estimate SME security spending at the market level and draw out implications for SMEs and security service providers.Design/methodology/approachSecurity risks are inherently characterized by uncertainty. This study uses a Monte Carlo approach to understand the role of uncertainty in the decision to adopt security services. A model relating key security constructs is assembled based on key constructs from the domain. By manipulating security service costs and security incident types, the model estimates the market-level adoption of services, security incidents and damages incurred, along with measures of their relative dispersion.FindingsThree key findings emerge from this study. First, adoption of services and protection is higher when tiered security services are provided, indicating that SMEs prefer to choose their security services rather than accept uniformly priced products. Second, SMEs are considered price-sensitive, resulting in a maximum level of spending in the market. Third, results indicate that security incidents and damages can be much higher than the mean in some cases, and this should serve as a cautionary note to SMEs.Originality/valueSecurity spending has been modeled at the firm level. Adopting a market-level perspective represents a novel contribution. Additionally, the Monte Carlo approach provides managers with tangible measures of uncertainty, affording additional information and insight when making security service adoption decisions.

E-Commerce Participation Among Urban Low-Income Group in Malaysia: Assessing the E-Commerce Infrastructure

In the digital era, e-commerce has reshaped the landscape of business transactions, offering a contemporary avenue for buying and selling goods and services globally. Malaysia, like many nations, has embraced this digital transformation, with the Malaysian government actively promoting e-commerce initiatives to foster economic growth and innovation. This study explores the availability and adequacy of infrastructure facilities supporting e-commerce activities that may influence the low-income group in urban state in Malaysia to participate in e-commerce. By gathering empirical insights from a survey targeting low-income individuals engaged in e-commerce and those who are not, the study contributes to the discourse on promoting e-commerce and fostering digital empowerment within Malaysia's low-income communities. The study endeavours to enhance economic opportunities and livelihoods of urban communities through informed policy recommendations and interventions.

The Current Status and Strategies for Rural E-commerce Development in Yunnan Province under the Digital Economy Context

In the context of the digital economy, rural e-commerce, as an emerging business model, plays a significant role in promoting rural economic development. However, there are challenges in its development. This paper first conducts an in-depth analysis of the development status of rural e-commerce in Yunnan Province, identifying a series of challenges it faces, including inadequate infrastructure and logistical difficulties. Subsequently, through theoretical analysis, the paper proposes a set of solutions and strategies for the development of rural e-commerce. These solutions mainly include strengthening rural e-commerce infrastructure construction and improving network coverage, enhancing rural e-commerce talent development, raising awareness and skills among farmers, and strengthening government support and policy guidance to provide a better development environment and policy support for rural e-commerce. The research results of this paper contribute to further promoting the development of rural e-commerce and fostering rural economic prosperity.

ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ ЯК НОВА РЕАЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ СЬОГОДЕННЯ

The article provides a theoretical overview of the emergence of a new economic era – the digital economy. The features and prerequisites for the development of the digital economy are highlighted. The concept of the digital economy, its characteristics and features are revealed. The author substantiates the transition to the digital economy, which is a "fingerprint" of the transition from the third to the fourth industrial revolution, while the third industrial revolution represented the transition from analog electronic and mechanical devices to digital ones, and the fourth industrial revolution is digital. The author analyzes the peculiarities of economic modernization from the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, namely, the large-scale replacement of assembly lines and tools with automated mechanisms. Different approaches to the definition of the digital economy, as well as prospects and trends of its development in Ukraine are presented. The institutional and economic prerequisites for the transformation of the world economy on the basis of digital technologies are considered. The author of the 1995 book "Digital", Nicholas Negroponte, who was the founder of the One Laptop per Child Association and described the digital economy as "bits instead of atoms", is analyzed. The article analyzes the concept of digital economy formulated by Nicholas Negroponte, within the framework of such a metaphor as "the transition from processing atoms to processing bits". Based on Thomas Mesenburg, the author identifies three key components of the concept of "Digital Economy", namely: e-commerce infrastructure, including hardware, software, telecommunications, networks, and human capital; e-business, which is a business model where business processes, information exchange and commercial transactions are automated in the form of information systems; and e-commerce – a type of economy where the key factors and means of production are digital data (binary, information, etc.) The concept of e-business is explained. The key technologies of digital transformation are listed. It is substantiated that digital technologies change the operating model of enterprises, namely, the methods and procedures for implementing corporate strategy in everyday activities, especially in the banking and telecommunications sectors, which increases the efficiency of investments and identifies new opportunities in the market. The author characterizes that the digital economy is characterized by several features that distinguish it from the traditional economy. The author studies the world experience which shows that the level of development of digital information technologies is becoming one of the key factors of economic competitiveness. The average annual values of the additional contribution of growth factors to the added value of economic sectors as a result of digitalization for the period 2019-2030 are analyzed. The contribution of the digital economy to GDP and its components, % of GDP in 2023, is analyzed. The challenges and threats to the development of society in the context of the digital economy are summarized. The economic effects of the digitalization of the economy are identified. The problems and prospects for the use of digital technologies in Ukraine are identified.

Effect of e-commerce popularization on farmland abandonment in rural China: Evidence from a large-scale household survey

Uncertainty in the food supply continues to increase due to COVID-19 and geopolitical conflicts, and reducing farmland abandonment is an important measure for ensuring food security. In recent years, the Chinese government has promoted e-commerce demonstration projects in rural areas, so we ask does the spread of e-commerce reduce farmland abandonment? This study first constructs a theoretical framework for the effect of e-commerce on farmland abandonment and then quantifies that effect through spatial analysis and econometric models based on 12,732 households in the China Rural Household Panel Survey (CRHPS). The study found that there was a significant spatial aggregation between the popularization of e-commerce and the distribution of abandoned farmland, with a significant negative correlation between these two factors. The popularization of e-commerce has reduced farmland abandonment. The probability and size of farmland abandonment by farmers dropped by 4.1 % and 17.5 % when e-commerce was promoted in a village; the probability and size of farmland abandonment by farmers dropped by 7.8 % and 38.7 % when the rate of the popularization for e-commerce in villages increased by 1 %, respectively. E-commerce can reduce farmland abandonment in rural areas by absorbing returning labour, stimulating the land transfer market and revitalizing rural industry. With the improvement of physical infrastructure such as rural roads, the government should pay attention to the construction of digital villages including e-commerce infrastructure and continue to innovate new ways small farmers to participate in e-commerce, thus helping transform rural spaces and reusing idle land resources.

Impacts of agri-food e-commerce on traditional wholesale industry: Evidence from China

Rapidly expanding studies investigate the effects of e-commerce on company operations in the retail market. However, the interaction between agri-food e-commerce (AEC) and the traditional agri-food wholesale industry (AWI) has not received enough attention in the existing literature. Based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020 in China, this paper examines the effect of AEC on AWI, comprising three dimensions: digitalization (DIGITAL), agri-food e-commerce infrastructure and supporting services (AECI), and agri-food e-commerce economy (AECE). First, AWI and AEC are measured using an entropy-based combination of indicators. The results indicate that for China as a whole, AWI has remained practically unchanged, whereas AEC exhibits a significant rising trend. Second, the findings of the fixed-effect regression reveal that DIGITAL and AECE tend to raise AWI, whereas AECI negatively affects AWI. Third, threshold regression results indicate that AECI tends to diminish AWI with three-stage inhibitory intensity, which manifests as a first increase and then a drop in the inhibition degree. These results suggest that with the introduction of e-commerce for agricultural product circulation, digital development will have catfish effects that tend to stimulate the vitality of the conventional wholesale industry and promote technical progress. Furthermore, the traditional wholesale industry benefits financially from e-commerce even while it diverts part of the traditional wholesale circulation for agricultural products.

Income Effect of E-commerce Adoption Behavior of Navel Orange Farmers in Southern Jiangxi Province

With the continuous development of e-commerce in rural areas, the income effect of e-commerce has become a hot topic. Based on this background, this paper investigated the e-commerce adoption of navel orange farmers in southern Jiangxi Province, obtained 68 farmers' micro-data, and analyzed the income increasing effect of e-commerce adoption behavior by using multiple T-test and multiple regression analysis. It is found that the planting income and total household income of farmers who participate in e-commerce are higher than those who do not adopt e-commerce, and the adoption behavior of farmers has a significant and positive impact on their own income. In addition, factors such as education level, entrepreneurial experience, work experience, gift expenditure, network and logistics accessibility of navel orange growers in southern Jiangxi have a greater impact on the adoption behavior of e-commerce, which in turn affects the income increase effect of e-commerce and promotes the income increase of navel orange growers. In view of this, the paper puts forward some feasible suggestions such as improving the e-commerce infrastructure in the concentrated area of navel orange cultivation in southern Jiangxi Province, strengthening the publicity of the benefits of e-commerce, enabling farmers to have a deeper understanding of e-commerce, strengthening the introduction of e-commerce professionals, and improving the education mechanism of e-commerce in the area of navel orange cultivation.

E-commerce to Sell Local Products in Morocco Opportunities and Challenges: A Systematic Review

In recent years, e-commerce has emerged as a popular channel for selling products globally. In Morocco, there is growing interest in using e-commerce to promote and sell locally produced goods. This paper examines the opportunities and challenges of using e-commerce to sell local products in Morocco. We conducted a comprehensive search of academic journals, conference proceedings, books, and literature review to identify relevant studies. Our analysis highlights the potential benefits of e-commerce for promoting local products, including increased market access, lower distribution costs, and improved customer engagement. However, we also identify a number of challenges, including limited e-commerce infrastructure, poor logistics and payment systems, and low levels of digital literacy among producers and consumers. This review concludes with recommendations for cooperatives and small enterprises to overcome these challenges and leverage the opportunities presented by e-commerce to promote local products in Morocco.

Assessing Factors Influencing Online Shopping Adoption Among Indonesian Consumers: A Quantitative Study

The adoption of online shopping has significantly increased in recent years, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. This study aims to assess the factors influencing the adoption of online shopping among Indonesian consumers. A quantitative research approach was used, and data were collected from 350 Indonesian consumers through a structured questionnaire. The results indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, website design quality, trust in online shopping, online shopping experience, and website security are significant factors influencing online shopping adoption among Indonesian consumers. These findings suggest that online retailers and marketers should focus on enhancing the user-friendliness and safety of their online shopping platforms to increase consumer trust and adoption. Additionally, policymakers should consider further investing in improving e-commerce infrastructure and growing awareness about the benefits of online shopping to promote the adoption of online shopping among Indonesian consumers.

Unraveling the effect of organisational resources and top management support on e-commerce capabilities: evidence from ADANCO-SEM and fsQCA

ABSTRACT Building on resource-based theory, we seek to explore the underlying impact of social and technical resources on e-commerce capabilities under top management support. To fully capture and understand the relationship between these important constructs, we apply a combination of complementary techniques, namely, advanced analysis of composites structural equation modelling (ADANCO-SEM) in Study 1 and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis in Study 2. Study 1 findings show that e-commerce infrastructure and skills, in addition to guanxi, positively affect e-commerce capabilities. Furthermore, top management support positively moderates the relationship between e-commerce infrastructure and e-commerce capabilities, but it has no effect on the relationship between guanxi and e-commerce capabilities and on the relationship between e-commerce skills and e-commerce capabilities. Based on the findings of Study 1, Study 2 further unveils two configurations – guanxi and e-commerce infrastructure, and guanxi and e-commerce skills – that can lead to e-commerce capabilities. The moderating effect of guanxi is confirmed empirically in post hoc analysis. These results refine the findings in the ADANCO-SEM analysis concerning the conditions for the formation of e-commerce capabilities. The empirical findings can help firms use organisational resources more efficiently and thus develop e-commerce capabilities and gain competitive advantages.

Activity characteristics and perspective development directions of electronic trade platforms in Azerbaijan

Improving e-commerce platforms and determining their prospective development trends is a global problem. This article indicates the relevance of expanding online transactions with the application of industry 4.0 platform technologies in business activities. The sharp increase in demand for e-commerce due to the pandemic has made it one of the key trends of the modern era. Modern electronic commercial systems and technologies are required to be applied in the organization of business activities. The work shows the significance of forming the necessary infrastructure for e-commerce in the country and solving the problem of integration into the global digital ecosystems. The characteristics of electronic commerce technologies in ensuring economic development are determined. The stages of its life cycle are displayed based on the results of the analysis of many research works related to electronic commerce. Aspects of the impact of the application of modern electronic commerce technologies and tools on economic development in commercial activities are explored. The article also highlights the main procedures of online purchase process in the main electronic trading systems on the Internet. It classifies the electronic commerce system according to various characteristics, and studies the aspects of its implementation in Azerbaijan. It proposes the methodology of comparative evaluation of the development rate of electronic commerce technologies and develops systems and relevant indices. In the end, the results of the final scores on the weighting coefficients of the indicators characterizing B2B electronic commerce are introduced. With the application of the latest information and communication technologies, recommendations are proposed on the operational characteristics and prospective development trends of e-commerce platforms in the Azerbaijani segment of the Internet.

AI-powered Digital Transformation: Tools, Benefits and Challenges for Marketers – Case Study of LPP

The article aims to show the role (benefits and challenges) of AI-powered digital marketing tools for marketers in the age of digital transformation. The considerations were related to the Polish market and a case study of LPP, a Polish clothing retailer. The starting point for this study was the analysis of the literature on the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) with reference to digital marketing. In the next steps, the results of the research on the Polish market conducted by the Digital Poland Foundation and presented in the report entitled “State of Polish AI 2021” were reviewed, and an application case study of the largest Polish clothing company – LPP – was conducted. The study is of an introductory and exploratory nature. It recognises the significant role of AI in digital transformation in the context of digital marketing in the Polish market. The implementation of solutions based on artificial intelligence algorithms, such as the Google Cloud, analytical platform and data repository, e-commerce infrastructure, chatbot, Genesys PureCloud, Google Dialogflow and the AI-based function in the PSIwms Warehouse Management System in LPP's distribution centre significantly improves the efficiency of online order processing without compromising the quality of products and order fulfilment time. By applying a case study analysis, the importance of AI-based tools in the digital transformation process, including digital marketing, in the Polish market was demonstrated. Marketers, including CMOs, were shown the benefits of applying AI-related technological solutions in the field of e-commerce optimisation and customer service.

The Impact of Government Behavior on the Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce B2B Export Trading Enterprises Based on Evolutionary Game in the Context of “Dual-Cycle” Policy

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on China’s foreign trade. Therefore, the Chinese government has proposed a “dual cycle” policy to promote economic development. In 2021, China’s cross-border e-commerce B2B exports accounted for 60 percent. Therefore, this paper studies the impact of government actions on the development of cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises under the background of “dual cycle” policy. First, the policies related to the cross-border e-commerce industry in the “dual circulation” policy are screened, and the LDA topic model is used to classify them, i.e., sorting by topic intensity as “fiscal policy”, “tax policy”, “customs clearance policy”, “payment policy” and “talent policy”. After that, based on the analysis results of the LDA topic model, a theoretical basis for the impact of different policies on cross-border e-commerce B2B export companies is established; then an evolutionary game model between the government and cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises is constructed. This article also carried out experiments to verify our analysis. The simulation results show that: (1) The government’s appropriate increase in subsidies, tax incentives, infrastructure investment, talent introduction and cultivation, optimized payment system, and supervision can promote enterprises to participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading; (2) excessive government supervision reduces enterprises’ enthusiasm to participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading; (3) the government’s subsidies, tax incentives, and supervision strength have the greatest impact on whether enterprises participate in cross-border e-commerce B2B export trading, followed by the government’s investment in cross-border e-commerce infrastructure, the introduction and cultivation of cross-border e-commerce talents, and the improvement of the payment system. Finally, this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce B2B export enterprises.