This study investigates the key factors for knowledge management in the national government of Taiwan. The achievements of the government KM initiatives demonstrate two distinctive dimensions: core KM processes (organizational missions and values, IT applications, documentation, process management, and human resource) and KM performance (knowledge capture and transformation, business performance, and knowledge sharing and value addition). In terms of modern public administration, issues of paradigm shift and disruptive changes have arisen with the introduction of Information Technology (IT) service delivery and operation in organizations [Hori, K. (2000). An ontology of strategic knowledge: Key concepts and applications. Knowledge-Based Systems, 13, 369–374.]. The strategic roles of IT have emerged in modern organizations from the government, business and non-profit sectors. The initiatives created by the e-government include enormous capacity in processing information, reengineering government, empowering citizens as well as the potential in reframing the context of governance. These initiatives are seen as more than technological phenomena: they are also a key element in the strategies of government modernization [ Ault, J. T., & Gleason, J. M. (2003). US Government decision makers’ expectations and patterns of use of emerging and existing information technologies. Government Information Quarterly, 20(1), 63–76. ].