Information System Framework Research Articles

Information System Framework for Training Teachers on Computational Thinking

The call for a holistic integration of computational thinking (CT) skills across all subjects in the newly revised Malaysian curriculum of 2017 has brought to attention an urgent need to prepare teachers with the new syllabus, teaching and learning (TL) tools, and techniques, to promote effective computational thinking knowledge dissemination in their daily classroom practices. However, a preliminary investigation revealed that many teachers were still unaware of the changes within the new curriculum. There was an apparent lack of understanding of computational thinking skills in general. The study intends to propose a conceptual framework to develop knowledge about computational thinking skills among Malaysian teachers, to enhance their pedagogical repertoire to include elements of computational thinking into their teaching content. The study employs mixed-method research to capture data and construct interventions. The Information Systems Design Theory (ISDT) is used to design an effective information system (IS) and set a plan for developing the conceptual framework.The proposed framework comprises five elements, which could serve as a guide for future planning in setting up CT training for Malaysian teachers and other related professional development programmes.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY)

The sustainable development of the region depends on many factors that affect the economic situation, investment attractiveness and prospects for the development of the social sphere. It is impossible to achieve positive changes in this direction without the widespread use of digital infrastructure, which is a powerful driver for the dynamic growth of the economy. Information and communication technologies can significantly speed up business processes involving interdepartmental interaction within the framework of state information systems. The creation of new information services allows the population to solve many problems remotely, without personal contact with the relevant organizations. The year 2020 has shown the need and the possibility of introducing elements of digitalization in various spheres of life in the shortest possible time, which did not seem to be a priority and important before. The effectiveness and quality of such solutions turned out to be so high that it allowed us to solve the tasks with the highest efficiency, in the shortest possible time and with a significant reduction in the use of human resources. The development of digital technologies creates a comfortable environment for large, medium and small businesses, as well as for solving urgent problems of the region’s population.

Information Systems Bedroom Patients Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten

RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten is a hospital that provides several classes of inpatient services. This hospital has 22 inpatient rooms, with a capacity of 409 beds. In the business process, there have been problems where there is no information on the display / picture of the room and bed, the facilities provided, room rates, rooms that are st ill empty and rooms that are already in use, this can result in longer service in registering inpatient care until it requires. time for 20 minutes. The research method that the authors do consists of data collection methods and systems development methods . For the data collection method the author uses the method of observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation. Meanwhile, the system development method that the author uses is the waterfall method with a framework of information systems built using Laravel, the database using MySQL, and for the code editing tool using sublime text. The result of this research is an information system of Dr. Inpatient Bed Room. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten is website-based, the system runs according to its function based on the system test using the blacbox method

Erosion potential mapping using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fractal dimension

Assessing landform vulnerability to soil erosion is crucial for improved sustainable land use planning and management. In the Loess Plateau of the Northern Shaanxi Province of China, soil erosion has been reported as a major threat to sustainable land management and impacts on driving the socio-economic benefits that can be accrued from the landforms. Several studies especially on Erosion Potential Mapping (EPM) in the region have been conducted but the role of the fractal dimension (FD) of the terrain features has been limited. In this study, the paper assessed the role of fractal terrain features on the overall EPM. The Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) was adopted using 6 criteria, FD of the terrain, Land Use Land Cover, Slope, Elevation, Geomorphology and Flow Accumulation. These were developed in a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Eight Scales (8) were evaluated in order to select the best Scale with the lowest Consistency Ratio (CR) and the Minimum Relative Error (MRE). The results from this study shows that fractal features of terrain when integrated with the rest of the criteria produced a reliable EPM for the study area. The absence of the FD also gives unrealistic results for the EPM. The EPM with FD distribution recorded 29.4% for low erosion potential whereas EPM without FD recorded 46.7%. A larger portion of the Shaanxi province (70%) is found to be at a higher risk of erosion. Therefore, it is hoped that the findings from this research would further boost the integration of fractals into EPM in China and similar regions across the World. The study further recommends that sustainable soil management measures are put in place to reduce the erosion risk in the province to protect the natural ecological habitat.

Groundwater vulnerability assessment using water quality index (WQI) under geographic information system (GIS) framework in parts of Uttar Pradesh, India

Groundwater resources are affected in principle by three major activities. First is excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural areas. The second is untreated/partially treated wastewater to the soil/water and the third one is excessive pumping and improper management of aquifers. Due to large-scale urban growth which has triggered domestic effluents and on the other hand industrial development activities has resulted in the generation of a copious volume of industrial effluents directly and indirectly contaminate the groundwater. In a drinking water quality assessment, the decision-making based on water quality data is a crucial issue because several parameters compromise its quality. There has been considerable advancement in the field of water quality assessment particularly based on the principle of the water quality index (WQI) using modified concepts. The study area which includes part of Varanasi and Sant Ravidas Nagar districts are centers for urban growth along with industrial setup in Uttar Pradesh, India. Water quality index (WQI) is an index reflecting the composite influence of different water quality parameters which is considered for calculation. 50 numbers of groundwater samples were collected from various locations in the study area as per the standard protocol prescribed by the American Public Health Association (APHA). Twenty-two water quality parameters have been considered for the calculation of water quality index viz. pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), nitrates (NO3−), bicarbonate (HCO3−), chlorides (Cl−), sulphates (SO4−), fluorides (F−), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The Bureau of Indian Standard has been considered to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes and the calculation of the water quality index (WQI). Correlation study among various physicochemical properties also reflects certain significant negative relationships. The current study shows that 50% of the collected water samples are non-suitable for the drinking water category and the rest is falling under the good, moderate, poor, very poor as per the Water Quality Index (WQI) classification. The present study is quite helpful for the proper planning and management of available water resources for drinking purposes.

Implementation of E-Learning Functions With the Use of Information Systems Architecture

E-learning utilizing information systems framework has been booming in information systems. This paper covers the systematic performance evaluation results process, and understanding how e-learning utilizing information system implementation was undertaken for education in the context of universities. The aim of this paper is to analyse the framework of improving e-learning utilizing information system adoption utilizing information system, implementation, and development in higher education. Although e-learning utilizing information systems have been widely used at various education sectors, several fixed outcomes have been calculated. Recent e-learning utilizing information systems structure was implemented utilizing current method and managed for the drawbacks of recent academic technique. There are many things that are not flexible and effective for supporting the real era of this world referring to teaching and learning.

The importance of accounting-integrated information systems for realising productivity and sustainability in the agricultural sector

Agricultural information systems are an integral part of modern farming and are helping to make a significant contribution to improved farm productivity and profitability. To date, however, there has been a failure to integrate accounting information systems with on-farm data, despite today’s farmers facing unprecedented and interconnected economic and resource pressures. This study explores this problem in more detail, defines the objectives of the solution and develops a model of integrated accounting and agricultural information systems, drawing on a ‘fads and fashions’ framework and advancing our understanding of bundled innovations. Using data from a participatory case study in Australian potato farming, the study integrates accounting data with soil moisture and climate data to track, alert and inform irrigation decisions. Development of preliminary digital software based on the model demonstrates how cost-informed tracking, alerts and forecasting can be supported by bundling accounting information systems and sensing technology. In doing so, the model extends the fads and fashions framework for agricultural information systems and demonstrates how accounting information can be the key for improved water productivity, profitability and agricultural sustainability.

Liquefaction hazards mapping along Rеd Sеa coast, Jеddah city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

This study mainly aims to evaluate as well as to develop maps of the liquefaction potential for Jeddah City in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data is obtained and used from 214 boreholes associated with standard penetration tests (SPT). Through taking into account comparable seismic hazardous situations to amax = 0.1 g, the liquefaction potential index (LPI) is measured. In order to compile the liquefaction hazard map, LPI values are correlated, showing the quantitative aspects of the liquefiable layers and the area of likelihood of induced disturbance. This data was analyzed within the framework of the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) application. The results show that, with the exception of the sites in the Abhur and Al-Hamra districts where the liquefaction potential is moderate to high, the main part of the city of Jeddah belongs to a very low liquefaction potential area. The developed liquefaction hazard maps will serve as helpful guides for land planning and management in Jeddah city. In addition to that, they serve as an example of the evaluation of the liquefaction hazard that can also be found in other developed cities in the seismic-prone areas of southern and eastern Saudi Arabia.

Mixed Reality: A Reconsideration Based on Mixed Objects and Geospatial Modalities

We put forward a conceptualization of Mixed Reality as a blend of digital objects with real ones that coexist and interact with each other and they are also spatially referenced so that they are properly perceived in space by an observer that could potentially be at any position any time. In accordance with this statement, we have adopted the concept of a Mixed Object which is composed of a set of physical properties linked with a set of digital ones. In our case, the physical properties are acquired by employing geospatial technologies such as photogrammetry, laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles and positioning systems and are further processed in order to be visually displayed by utilizing Geographical Information Systems and Geovisualization frameworks in combination with traditional image processing techniques. We show that the Mixed Object approach is in conformance with Microsoft’s approach on Mixed Reality as the common space between humans, computers, and the environment and we further incorporate in these the Geospatial Linking Modalities. We finally provide an affordable MR experience as a proof of concept, by utilizing a smartphone for capturing and visualizing the environment, a visual tag for positioning purposes and freely available photogrammetrically mapped content and virtual objects to form a digital scene blended with the real environment.

Evolution of a hybrid approach for groundwater vulnerability assessment using hierarchical fuzzy-DRASTIC models in the Cuddalore Region, India

Uncertainty in the supply and demand and a lack of available freshwater resources require a better management plan for sustainable development in agriculturally dependent communities. Therefore, scarce freshwater resources are protected and monitored to prevent contamination. Groundwater is the largest freshwater reservoir, and groundwater zones prone to contamination need to be identified. A precise model that enables the simplification and validation of the assessment process was developed by applying a fuzzy logic technique. A hierarchical fuzzy inference model (HFIM) was developed to better handle the input. The application of the developed model was then compared with the conventional index-based DRASTIC model in the Cuddalore District. The parameters that were found to influence the degree of vulnerability, including the depth of the water table (D), net recharge to the aquifer (R), aquifer media (A), soil properties (S), topography of the area (T), impact of the vadose zone (I), and hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer (C), were considered in the model development. A geographical information system (GIS) framework was utilized to synthesize the DRASTIC model and MATLAB was employed to develop the hierarchical fuzzy inference model. The results obtained from the GIS-DRASTIC model and HFIM were classified into five and seven categories based on their index values, respectively. The models were validated using nitrate concentration (mg/l) data obtained from 40 sampling points in and around the study area. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the models by varying the input from their minimum to maximum values for a selected hydrogeological setting. The results revealed that the HFIM was better at determining groundwater vulnerability levels in the Cuddalore District. It could cope with the uncertainty and nonlinearity of the datasets; the output showed a continuous response to modifications of the input data, which contrasts the DRASTIC model.

Case Study for Quantifying Flood Resilience of Interdependent Building–Roadway Infrastructure Systems

Resilience is defined as the ability of a system to withstand and recover to a desired level of performance after the occurrence of a hazard. Community resilience has a significant socioeconomic implication for any disaster. Therefore, attempting to quantify resilience after a disaster is of utmost importance, particularly for planners, designers, and decision makers. Modern society depends on various infrastructure system networks to ensure functionality, and these infrastructure systems perform on their own and also perform interdependently with other infrastructure networks during natural hazards. For quantifying resilience, the interdependency between infrastructure systems plays a significant role; for instance, in the event of building damage, the state of damage to the roadways network is also crucial for the recovery process and ultimately in resilience. As a result, large-scale disruption of any infrastructure network increases significantly because of interdependency. In this work, an integrated geographic information system (GIS) and Bayesian belief network (BBN) framework is developed to study the resilience and effects in functionality due to interdependency among building and roadways infrastructure systems in a community. GIS is used for data collection, and BBN is adopted for computing the posterior probabilities of resilience. The framework is then implemented in a study area of Barak Valley in North-East India, and resilience is evaluated for the considered building-roadways network. Sensitivity analysis of system resilience to the critical components is performed to facilitate decision making under uncertainty. Finally, some general recommendations are given for improving flood resilience for future disasters.

Nepalese landslide information system (NELIS): a conceptual framework for a web-based geographical information system for enhanced landslide risk management in Nepal

Abstract. Comprehensive and sustainable landslide risk management, including the identification of areas susceptible to landslides, requires responsible organisations to collaborate efficiently. Landslide risk management efforts are often made after major triggering events, such as hazard mitigation after the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal. There is also a lack of knowledge sharing and collaboration among stakeholders to cope with major disaster events, in addition to a lack of efficiency and continuity. There should be a system to allow for landslide information to be easily updated after an event. For a variety of users of landslide information in Nepal, the availability and extraction of landslide data from a common database are a vital requirement. In this study, we investigate the requirements to propose a concept for a web-based Nepalese landslide information system (NELIS) that provides users with a platform to share information about landslide events to strengthen collaboration. The system will be defined as a web GIS (geographic information system) that supports responsible organisations in addressing and managing different user requirements of people working with landslides, thereby improving the current state of landslide hazard and risk management in Nepal. The overall aim of this study is to propose a conceptual framework and design of NELIS. A system like NELIS could benefit stakeholders involved in data collection and landslide risk management in their efforts to report and provide landslide information. Moreover, such a system would allow for detailed and structured landslide documentation and consequently provide valuable information regarding susceptibility and hazard and risk mapping. For the reporting of landslides directly to the system, a web portal is proposed. Based on field surveys, a literature review and stakeholder interviews, a structure of the landslide database and a conceptual framework for the NELIS platform are proposed.

COVID-19 in Toronto: A Spatial Exploratory Analysis

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on a global scale. Evident signs of spatial-explicit characteristics have been noted. Nevertheless, publicly available data are scarce, impeding a complete picture of the locational impacts of COVID-19. This paper aimed to assess, confirm, and validate several geographical attributes of the geography of the pandemic. A spatial modeling framework defined whether there was a clear spatial profile to COVID-19 and the key socio-economic characteristics of the distribution in Toronto. A stepwise backward regression model was generated within a geographical information systems framework to establish the key variables influencing the spread of COVID-19 in Toronto. Further to this analysis, spatial autocorrelation was performed at the global and local levels, followed by an error and lag spatial regression to understand which explanatory framework best explained disease spread. The findings support that COVID-19 is strongly spatially explicit and that geography matters in preventing spread. Social injustice, infrastructure, and neighborhood cohesion are evident characteristics of the increasing spread and incidence of COVID-19. Mitigation of incidents can be carried out by intertwining local policies with spatial monitoring strategies at the neighborhood level throughout large cities, ensuring open data and adequacy of information management within the knowledge chain.

Application of spatial multicriteria decision analysis in healthcare: Identifying drivers and triggers of infectious disease outbreaks using ensemble learning

AbstractModelling infectious diseases is a complex and multi‐disciplinary problem that necessitates the combined use of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and machine learning (ML) in a spatial framework. This research attempts to demonstrate the extensive applications of MCDA in the field of public health and to illustrate its utility with the combined use of spatial models and machine learning. The study investigates the risk factors for communicable diseases with a focus on vector‐borne infectious diseases, such as West Nile Virus (WNV), malaria, dengue, etc. It aims to quantify vector‐borne disease risk by examining the geographic contextual effects of socio‐economic, climatic, and environmental factors using the objective‐weighting technique adopted from MCDA and machine learning in a geographic information systems (GIS) framework. The authors attempted to minimize subjective bias from the decision space by utilizing an objective‐weighted technique to quantify the risk. The study adopted Shannon's entropy to derive weights for each factor and its classes. The derived weighted layers are fed to an artificial neural network to obtain a final map of risk susceptibility. This final risk map allows policymakers to examine vulnerable areas and identify the factors pivotal to the contribution of risk. Findings show the traffic volume as the most influential variable, and terrain slope as the least one in the disease spread for the study area. The risk appears to be concentrated and distributed along vegetation, wetlands, and around water bodies. The results produced by ensemble learning show great promise with more than 94% accuracy. The accuracy of the results was determined by the confusion matrix and the kappa index of agreement (KIA). The vector control programmes need to adapt to better manage the dynamic changes in patterns involving vector‐borne infectious diseases.

Mobile Phone-based Information Systems for Empowerment: Opportunities for Ready-made Garment Industries

ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to present a Mobile information System (MbIS) framework for Bangladeshi ready-made garments (RMG), as there is growing concern RMG owners and workers require empowerment using technology. Our study employed a qualitative research methodology based on interviews with RMG owners, workers, non-government organizations (NGOs) and IT experts. The interview data suggested MbIS has the potential to empower RMG owners/workers. MbIS-enabled empowerment suggests access to information, competency, impact; self-determination and meaning are empowerment components for RMG workers. Improved communication, the opportunity to access employee regulations, access to health and safety information, increased confidence with regard to ability and professional development opportunities are potential empowerment outcomes of using MbIS. This is one of the few papers examining MbIS comprehensively for worker empowerment, as most literature approaches the matter from the consumer standpoint, not in an organizational setting. The study contributes by providing practical knowledge to the RMG, government, and development organizationsin empowerment processes, components and empowerment outcomes using MbIS for RMG owners/employees. Other garment-producing developing countries may also gain insight into how to empower RMG workers using MbIS.

International organizations in regulating of information and communication systems

The purpose of the research undertaken within the framework of the article is to develop proposals for improving the cooperation of international organizations within the framework of information and communication systems, which include: artificial intelligence, big data, neural networks. The purpose of the article is to use the mechanism of effective protection of intellectual and legal objects in the framework of international cooperation. Based on the historical and legal method, it was possible to trace the development of international legal norms in the field of regulation of information and communication systems. The application of the comparative legal method refers to the provisions of international legal norms in this area. The author uses the legal definition of information and communication systems. The author substantiates the need to conclude an agreement on cooperation to regulate information and communication systems.

Construction and implementation of extraction rules for assembly hierarchy information of a product based on OntoSTEP

In the framework of an intelligent assembly information system, the three-dimensional model of a product serves as a critical information source for the system, which also provides initial product feature information for assembly sequence planning. At present, in the process of extracting information from the STEP neutral file, the products are rarely performed at the assembly level. In addition, the characteristic of semantic expression of the same parts included in a product is always ignored. In this paper, based on the theory of ontology, the OntoSTEP model is constructed to extract information from STEP neutral files at the assembly level. A set of extraction rules for the basic corresponding information of the same parts in the assembly are developed. Further, a SWRL rule library is established in Protégé to realize the comprehensive information extraction of the assembly hierarchy for a product from its 3D model, which lays the foundation for the assembly sequence planning.

River cruise holiday packages: A network analysis combined with a geographic information system framework

This research analyzes the physical network of river cruise holiday packages as a relational system. A comprehensive network analysis is undertaken based on data from the Douro River (Portugal). Adjacency matrices are built to derive network centrality, constraint, and modularity metrics, further integrated into a Geographic Information System. Centrality and constraint measures are regressed on river-cruise holiday packages' attraction and logistical factors. Results reveal a major impact of logistical attributes rather than attraction on most centrality and constraint metrics. River cruising's destination network proves to be a multimodal transit network structure in a hub-and-spoke network framework, exhibiting several modules linked by connector hubs, which is consistent with a power-law distribution common to real-world networks. The results confirm river cruising's complex physical network of destinations, geographically diffused, which raises systemic and scale concerns that call for an integrated approach that articulates destination planning comprehensively.

Data Information System Strategies in Business Intelligence

The application of Information Systems (IS) in business necessitates critical comprehension of the business, management activities and the initiatives that structure various business systems. Various IS can be presented as management and business remedies to issues affecting the enterprise and influenced by the ecosystem. The initiatives in IS have significantly influenced how business is run in the modern competitive age. The advent and development of technology have allowed opportunities to be availed to people to prepare the business for challenges in this competitive environment. To effectively manage IS-centred frameworks, it is fundamental to implement effective approaches, which define framework, including the ways of managing them. Strategic data system alignment provides a fundamental approach to maintain and develop IS frameworks, which support operations in business. IS alignment plans and organizational plans are fundamental for enhanced Business Performance (BP). This research paper reviews the critical elements of strategic data system alignment in the transforming organizational conditions in developed countries.

Business Information System Culture in Global Organizations

The application of Information Systems (IS) in business necessitates critical comprehension of the business, management activities and the initiatives that structure various business systems. Various IS can be presented as management and business remedies to issues affecting the enterprise and influenced by the ecosystem. The initiatives in IS have significantly influenced how business is run in the modern competitive age. The advent and development of technology have allowed opportunities to be availed to people to prepare the business for challenges in this competitive environment. To effectively manage IS-centred frameworks, it is fundamental to implement effective approaches, which define framework, including the ways of managing them. Strategic data system alignment provides a fundamental approach to maintain and develop IS frameworks, which support operations in business. IS alignment plans and organizational plans are fundamental for enhanced Business Performance (BP). This research paper reviews the critical elements of strategic data system alignment in the transforming organizational conditions in developed countries.