Information Search Model Research Articles

Pola Penggunaan Aplikasi Transportasi Online di Kalangan Asisten Rumah Tangga

This study aims to reveal and map patterns or models of information search for household assistants as consumers of users of online transportation services. Using a case study approach is expected to reveal consumer behavior patterns and information search models relating to new economic products that can be developed for new professions in Indonesia.The results showed there were differences in ART in the search for information, for personal interests such as work leave, going with friends to the Mall, delivering to the station, ordering food and there were some who used it to support their work. Usually they prefer cash payments, and take advantage of discount promos.In the study also found three behavioral patterns in ART, namely (1) the usual personal pattern of informants using applications for personal needs. (2) Work Support Patterns on ART that they usually use online transportation applications to support their work, and (3) Social Patterns, where use is intended to help other ART members who cannot use the application.

Bridging the digital divide: Consumer engagement with transportation payment apps in emerging economies

AbstractThe digital divide remains a formidable challenge in emerging economies, highlighting disparities in technology access and utilisation. This study explores consumer engagement with mobile payment applications for transportation in Lagos, Nigeria, a critical context where these disparities manifest. The research presents consumer perceptions and behaviours using a triangulated approach encompassing ethnographic observation, semi‐structured interviews, and the ALARA model of information search. Anchored in the Engel–Kollat–Blackwell (EKB) theory of consumer behaviour, which depicts the five stages of consumer decision‐making—problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post‐purchase behaviour—this study identifies five key themes: awareness, information search, alternatives evaluation, engagement, and post‐engagement evaluation. Insights from the study reveal that cultural preferences and trust in traditional payment methods significantly influence users' willingness to adopt mobile payment apps. These insights underscore the importance of addressing socio‐cultural factors in technology adoption strategies. The findings highlight the need for an inclusive technological strategy to bridge the digital divide, emphasising the necessity of accessible information channels and user‐friendly interfaces to enhance consumer engagement. Continuous app refinement based on user feedback is crucial for optimising usability. Additionally, a nuanced understanding of socio‐cultural influences on technology adoption is essential for informing policy and business strategies. Overall, this study contributes to understanding technology adoption in emerging economies and provides actionable insights to foster inclusive digital transformations and mitigate the digital divide.

Information Search Within a Web Page: Modeling the Full Sequence of Eye Movement Decisions, Subjective Value Updating, and First Clicks

Online retail settings often present shoppers with large, complex choice sets where they need to quickly and dynamically weigh the benefits and costs of search within each web page. We build a model of information search within a web page using eye-tracking data collected during two incentive-compatible online shopping experiments, in which participants browsed the websites of two different clothing retailers (Experiments 1 and 2), as well as previously reported data from a laboratory experiment involving choices among snack food assortments (Experiment 3). Our model incorporates features that build upon recent advances in descriptive and normative models of information sampling and search in psychology and economics. First, our model captures how people decide where to look by treating eye fixations on clickable options as a series of “split-second” decisions that depend on estimates of option attractiveness and navigation effort. Second, our model assumes that the value of each option is learned via Bayesian updating. Third, the choice to end search on the web page depends on a dynamic decision threshold. Our model outperforms benchmarks that assume random search, instant learning, fixed thresholds, nonheterogeneous thresholds, and stochastic accumulator stopping rules. Explicitly modeling the sequence of eye fixation decisions results in accurate counterfactual simulations of the effects of hypothetical product orderings on search duration and quality as verified using experimental manipulation, and it can be applied flexibly to a wide range of web-page layouts. Systematic differences across experiments highlight the importance of accounting for product familiarity, choice-set size, and the role of category outside options. This paper was accepted by Ilia Tsetlin, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: This work was supported by the Jay H. Baker Retailing Center and the Wharton Behavioral Lab at the University of Pennsylvania. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02983 .

The media-psychological model of environmental risk perception

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis on the topic of media-psychological aspects of the perception of environmental risks and the presentation of the author's media psychological model of the impact of media messages on the perception of environmental risks. The presented model examines the processes and stages involved in the initial encounter with environmental risk messages in the media and the further outcomes of their processing which can manifest in information-seeking behaviour. According to the presented model, changes in risk perception are considered a series of stages initiated by attention to information and can continue when information-seeking behaviour is triggered. The main models relied on by the author of this study are the Limited Capacity Model of Motivated Mediated Message Processing to describe media message processing and the Risk Information Search and Processing Model to describe aspects of information-seeking behaviour. Several additional communication models dedicated to the consideration of information behaviour and processing of media messages were also used to describe the processes of mass media influence on the perception of environmental risks. Thus, dual models of information processing and persuasive communication are also considered, including the Heuristic-Systematic Model and the Elaboration Likelihood Model, as well as additional theories examining information-seeking behaviour: the Theory of Motivated Information Management and the Planned Risk Information Seeking Model

An exploratory study of information re-finding behaviour modes of Chinese college students on social media: video diary analysis from Chinese platforms

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore college students’ information-re-finding behaviour in the context of social media by identifying different behaviour modes to enrich the research on the information behaviour of social media users. Thirty-two college students volunteered to record their re-finding process once it occurred within two weeks by the video diary method. One hundred and forty-six valid events were collected and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. It was shown that the behaviour process of information re-finding on social media experienced six stages: scene triggering, information demand generating, social media selecting, re-finding, information confirmation and information processing. Forty-eight kinds of information re-finding modes were illustrated and summarised into seven categories according to where and how the information was finally found: following, chat record, keyword, favourites, history, personal dynamics and the like. From further analysis, it was proved that significant differences did exist between varied re-finding behaviour modes in information needs and re-finding time rather than information processing behaviour. The study could expand the traditional information search model into mixed timing by considering recalling and re-finding. Practically, it generates useful practical implications for the design of re-finding functions, information recommendation and memory services of social media.

Correction to: A comprehensive model of information search and processing behaviour of mutual fund investors

Correction to: A comprehensive model of information search and processing behaviour of mutual fund investors

Taking a look in the virtual mirror: Implications of self-observation by White individuals during online intergroup exchanges for their own and their racialized partners’ experience

Concerns about being viewed negatively by outgroup members can have harmful implications for intergroup interaction. In line with the information search model, research suggests that trying to empathize with outgroup partners—by virtue of still involving taking outgroup members’ perspective—can lead right back to evaluative concerns. The present experiment (276 dyads) tested the model’s further prediction that—by virtue of still involving a focus on the self—stimuli that typically instantiate private self-awareness and prompt enhanced self-regulation also lead right back to evaluative concerns and their disruptive effects in interaction settings. Higher and lower prejudice White individuals (HPs and LPs) turned their self-view on or off during an online exchange with a partner with a marginalized racial background. Although there were some exceptions, results were generally consistent with predictions: Racialized individuals benefitted when HPs engaged in self-observation, but everyone was better off if LPs could not watch themselves.

Tackling misperceptions about immigrants with fact-checking interventions: A randomized survey experiment

We conduct a randomized online survey experiment to study the impact of fact-checking offers and financial incentives on misperceptions about immigrants. We find that natives overestimate the number of immigrants and the social and economic costs of immigration. Offering a free check of the factual information about immigrants reduces these misperceptions; it becomes more effective when combined with financial incentives. However, more than half of the participants never took up offers to check factual information. Using a model of information search with limited attention, we identify the presence of non-negligible costs of information search and processing, which limits the effectiveness of the fact-checking interventions. Finally, we find that the fact-checking interventions moderately improve natives’ attitudes toward immigrants but affect neither their policy preferences nor giving behavior toward immigrants.

Metacognitive computations for information search: Confidence in control.

The metacognitive sense of confidence can play a critical role in regulating decision making. In particular, a lack of confidence can justify the explicit, potentially costly, instrumental acquisition of extra information that might resolve uncertainty. Human confidence is highly complex, and recent computational work has suggested a statistically sophisticated tapestry behind the information that governs both the making and monitoring of choices. However, the consequences of the form of such confidence computations for search have yet to be understood. Here, we reveal extra richness in the use of confidence for information seeking by formulating joint models of action, confidence, and information search within a Bayesian and reinforcement learning framework. Through detailed theoretical analysis of these models, we show the intricate normative downstream consequences for search arising from more complex forms of metacognition. For example, our results highlight how the ability to monitor errors or general metacognitive sensitivity impact seeking decisions and can generate diverse relationships between action, confidence, and the optimal search for information. We also explore whether empirical search behavior enjoys any of the characteristics of normatively derived prescriptions. More broadly, our work demonstrates that it is crucial to treat metacognitive monitoring and control as closely linked processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

New information search model for online reviews with the perspective of user requirements

New information search model for online reviews with the perspective of user requirements

Model Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Guna Memenuhi Kebutuhan Informasi:

A pattern of human behavior in informational situations, including the use and seeking of information, is known as information behavior. The conduct being discussed here is the process through which a person acquires information. According to David Ellis, Eisenberg, and Berkowitz, the research methodology involves literature studies. The Big Six Skills Model is connected to the information search stages Eisenberg and Berkowitz have proposed. Task definition, information search technique, location and access, information utilization, synthesis, and evaluation are the first steps. The information search process can be modeled using the stages listed above. Both the need and our information needs will be met, which will give us a sense of contentment.
 Keywords: Information, Information Needs, Information Search, Model of Information Search

Модели поиска информации в интернете с использованием технологии обогащенных ответов

Модели поиска информации в интернете с использованием технологии обогащенных ответов

Information Seeking Behavior of the Authors Sang Patriot Pierre Tendean’s Book

Information seeking behavior is one of the interesting topics to be studied so far. Everyone has different information seeking behavior, it is influenced by several factors, such as age, profession, gender, education, beliefs, living environment and so on. This article will discuss the results of research on the information seeking behavior of the authors of a book entitled The Patriot Pierre Tendean. The authors of the book consist of 7 (seven) people and they have different professional backgrounds, some are journalists, teachers, employees, doctors, entrepreneurs, housewives, and travelers. The main purpose of this study was to determine the information seeking behavior of the authors of the book. Besides that, it is also to find out the purpose of writing the book, as well as explore various supporting factors and inhibiting factors faced by the authors in finding the information they need. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, and the required data were obtained through in-depth interviews with informants. The informants are six of the seven authors of the book The Patriot Pierre Tendean. The results showed that the information seeking behavior of the six authors had different stages, some were in accordance with Ellis' information seeking behavior model, and some used the Khulthau information search model. Meanwhile, the purpose of writing the book Sang Patriot Pierre Tendean is to provide a book that provides complete and accurate information about Pierre Tendean as one of the revolutionary heroes who died in the events of the September 30th Movement/PKI (G30S/PKI) in 1965. The inhibiting factor faced by these writers was related to licensing to obtain the information they needed, while the supporting factor was their high motivation and enthusiasm in seeking information to meet their needs in completing the writing of the book Sang Patriot Pierre Tendean

The art of ignoring others' work among academics: A guessing game model of scholarly information search.

Why do scholars pay attention to some works, but not others? This article explores a theoretical model in which scholars search the literature to make sure that their findings are new to their immediate audience. Within the present model, individuals easily disregard literatures of which their audiences are probably unaware. Institutionally organized audiences thus serve as enforcers of the information search. Their members may tacitly collaborate in maintaining unawareness of intellectual developments outside of their common attention space. This model allows us to explain phenomena on which earlier models fail - for example why academics sometimes ignore apparently relevant sources of information or how groups of scholars turn into bubbles, censoring information about findings made in the outside world.

Research on older people's health information search behavior based on risk perception in social networks-A case study in China during COVID-19.

ObjectiveCOVID-19 has caused great loss of human life and livelihoods. The dissemination of health information in online social networks increased during the pandemic's quarantine. Older people are the most vulnerable group in sudden public health emergencies, and they have the disadvantage of infection rates and online search for health information. This study explores the relationship between the health risk perception and health information search behavior of older people in social networks, to help them make better use of the positive role of social networks in public health emergencies.MethodBased on the Risk Information Search and Processing model, and in the specific context of COVID-19, this study redefines health risk perception as a second-order construct of four first-order factors (perceived probability, perceived severity, perceived controllability, and perceived familiarity), and constructs a research model of the health risk perception and health information search behavior of older people. An online survey of people over 55 years old was conducted through convenience sampling in China from February 2020 to March 2020.ResultsA total of 646 older adults completed the survey. The structural equation model showed that health risk perception is a second-order factor (H1), that health risk perception has significant positive effects on health information search behavior (H2: β = 0.470, T = 11.577, P < 0.001), and that health risk perception has significant positive effects on affective response (H3: β = 0.536, T = 17.356, P < 0.001). In addition, affective response has a significant positive mediating effect on information sufficiency (H4: β = 0.435, T = 12.231, P < 0.001), and information sufficiency has a significant positive mediating effect on health information search behavior (H5: β = 0.136, T = 3.081, P = 0.002).ConclusionThe study results indicate that the health risk perception of older people during the COVID-19 outbreak not only directly affected their health information search behavior, but also had an indirect impact on their health information search behavior by affecting affective response and information sufficiency.

Users' mental models of cross-device search under controlled and autonomous motivations

PurposeExisting literature has elicited the external behaviors of cross-device search but not much is known about users' cognition of cross-device search. The study aims to explore how users perceive the cross-device search by combining with the mental models and how motivations affect the users' understanding of cross-device search.Design/methodology/approachThe research questions are addressed through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 59 users. Prior to the interview, the user is asked to complete a cross-device search task designed with the simulation of controlled and autonomous motivations to gain a real experience. The concepts of mental models are coded according to the constructivist grounded theory method.FindingsThe study finds the users' mental models of cross-device search consist of four dimensions: Element, Quality, Function and Issue. The effect of motivation on the mental models is tested as significant in terms of the Quality and Function aspects. The controlled motivation affects the user's perception of how the device switch influence the search and the autonomous motivation influences the user's opinion of search system functions.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study is found to extend the existing knowledge of cross-device search and update the mental models of information search in the current multi-device environment. The findings inform the future study of cross-device search and practices of search system design.

Reducing the cost of knowledge exchange in consortia: network analyses of multiple relations

Valuable knowledge exchanged in networks is associated not only with benefits but also with tensions and costs. This paper offers a new structural approach to knowledge exchange relations within consortia through integrating Information Search Model (ISM, Borgatti & Cross, 2003) with social network theory. This integration explains explain how organizational actors mitigate the costs associated with knowledge exchange (KX) relationships by using network structure. We examine ISM at the dyadic level of explanation and add triads and other complex configurations of multiple types of KX relationships. Using a multi-study approach, we conduct one inductive study and two network studies—one cross-sectional and one longitudinal in university-industry science consortia. The analyses, based on Exponential Random Graph models and Stochastic Actor Based models, show that organizational actors optimize the benefits and reduce the costs of KX through utilizing KX relationships of various types and network structures.

CONSUMERS’ KNOWLEDGE, MAXIMIZING TENDENCIES, AND POST-DECISION INFORMATION SEARCH

ABSTRACT Nowadays consumers have more previous knowledge about products and services before making decisions. This study sheds light on the effects of consumers’ previous knowledge on post-decision information search. Previous studies argue that cognitive dissonance and feelings of regret or dissatisfaction elicit this search. However, we show through one experimental and two correlational studies that this view is incomplete. Our findings indicate that knowledgeable consumers search for more information at the post-decision stage, even when the decision cannot be modified. This main effect is stronger (weaker) for maximizers (satisficers). Also, cognitive dissonance affects the post-decision information search behavior. Therefore, we suggest a new variable, consumers’ previous knowledge, for consideration in the post-decision information search model.

Information Search within a Webpage: Boundedly Rational Models of Eye Movements and Clicks

We build a model of information search within a web-page using eye-tracking data collected during two incentive-compatible, online shopping experiments. We assume that shoppers make eye fixation decisions based on the attractiveness of the visual elements on the page and the effort of moving their eyes towards those elements. These elements contain product information and clickable links to new pages. After each fixation, shoppers choose either to continue search or to end search by clicking on a link within a fixated element when its attractiveness crosses a decision threshold. Our model contains dynamics that allow for Bayesian updating of product information, decision threshold trends, and one-stage ahead decision inputs. Using posterior predictive checks, we demonstrate that our model makes accurate in-sample predictions regarding the sequence of fixations and clicks. In Experiment 1, we use counterfactual simulations to predict the effects of hypothetical product layouts. In Experiment 2, we empirically test these counterfactual predictions. We also conduct sensitivity analyses to assess how near to optimally shoppers searched. These results provide guidance for the design of online product displays.

The ALARA Model of Information Search on Websites

The emergence of the Internet has enabled many end-users to search for information themselves as there is practically immeasurable amount of information, often the owners of the website are not held responsible for the quantity and quality of information made available for their users to make an informed decision. The paper presents a novel methodology to explore understand how websites owners. The ALARA Model of Information search on Website is a new theoretical and methodological approach for understanding the quantity and quality of the information provided by Information Custodian. ALARA is an acronym that stands for Availability, Location, Accessibility, Relatability and Actionability. A detailed description of the methodological approach is presented. The paper ends with applicability options and the limitations of the model.