Different Types Of Information Research Articles

A web-based GIS (web-GIS) database of the scientific articles on earthquake-triggered landslides

Abstract. Over the last 2 decades, the topic of earthquake-triggered landslides (EQTLs) has shown increasing relevance in the scientific community. This interest is confirmed by the numerous articles published in international, peer-reviewed journals. In this work we present a database containing a selection of articles published on this topic from 1984 to 2021. The articles were selected through a systematic search on the Clarivate™ Web of Science™ Core Collection online platform and were catalogued into a web-based GIS (web-GIS), which was specifically designed to show different types of information. After a general analysis of the database, for each article the following aspects were identified: the bibliometric information (e.g. author(s), title, publication year), the relevant topic and sub-topic category (or categories), and the earthquake(s) addressed. The analysis allowed us to infer general information and statistics on EQTLs (e.g. relevant methodological approaches over time and in relation to the scale of investigation, most studied events), which can be useful to obtain a spatial distribution of the articles and a general overview of the topic.

Factors Influencing Information Adoption From Social Media About COVID-19 by Saudi Citizens.

Social networking sites comprise an open world where anyone can share different types of information. During the Covid-19 pandemic, people's social isolation made social media particularly important, and it has emerged as an important platform for sharing health information. The credibility of the information, however, is questionable. Therefore, this study aims to understand attitudes towards using social media as an information source among social media users in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, it seeks to examine the propensity of individuals towards using health information from social media platforms and whether individuals demographic factors (such as gender) impact information adoption. Based on using an online questionnaire incorporating a novel vignette design to measure participants’ perceptions of information sources on social media platforms. The findings revealed that there is a high use of social media platforms among the Saudi population and that verified accounts on social media platforms, same gender and nationality positively affect the propensity towards adopting information.

Multiple sensor theory in airway mechanosensory units

Two conventional doctrines govern airway mechanosensory interpretation: One-Sensor Theory (OST) and Line-Labeled Theory (LLT). In OST, one afferent fiber connects to a single sensor. In LLT, a different type of sensor sends signals via its specific line to a particular brain region to evoke its reflex. Thus, airway slowly adapting receptors (SARs) inhibit breathing and rapidly adapting receptors (RARs) stimulate breathing. However, recent studies show many different mechanosensors connect to a single afferent fiber (Multiple-Sensor Theory, MST). That is, SARs and RARs may send different types of information through the same afferent pathway, indicating different information has been integrated at the sensory unit level. Thus, a sensory unit is not merely a transducer (textbook concept), but also a processor. MST is a conceptual shift. Data generated over last eight decades under OST require re-interpretation.

Digital Interaction with Physical Museum Artifacts

In the digital information world, visualizing information in public spaces has been implemented in various formats and for application contexts such as advertisement, useful information provision, and provision of critical information in the cases of accidents, natural disasters, etc. Among the different types of information displays, in this research work, the focus is given to the ones that extend the experience of people visiting cultural heritage institutions. To this end, the design and implementation of an interactive display case that aims to overcome the “non-touch policy” of museums are presented. This novel display allows visitors to get engaged with artifacts and information through touch-based interaction with the ambition to extend the target audience and impact of museum content. The conducted study demonstrates that the interactive display case is an effective solution for providing relevant information to visitors, enhancing their engagement with exhibits, and improving their overall experience. The proposed solution is user-friendly, engaging, and informative, making it ideal for museums and other public exhibit spaces.

Utilization of 3D Scan Data: “Representation” of Korean Wooden Architectural Heritage

This study examines the characteristics of 3D scan data of Korean wooden architectural heritage structures and methods of applying the data from a representation perspective. For the preservation of its unique features, architectural heritage requires accurate representation in terms of investigation, research, and application. The representation of architectural heritage indicates a derivative reflecting the original structure and construction based on the intention of the builder. Thus, the recognition of architectural heritage varies according to the representation methods, which include text, drawings, plans, photos, and 3D scan data, each of which has different advantages and disadvantages. Compared with other models, 3D scan data provide a more accurate representation and carry value as digital data, while minimizing potential intentionality. Three-dimensional scan data can be collated with different types of information, such as building information modeling (BIM), with ease of updating. Therefore, the characteristics of 3D scan data should be identified and applied regarding representation in order to maximize data effectiveness. Three-dimensional scan data can be used most efficiently to create investigative reports representing architectural heritage. By adding the awareness of new technologies, Korean wooden architectural heritage can take advantage of accurate documentation and digital surveys in order to be preserved and recorded sustainably through digital towns and datasets. They can documented and represented through a technology-driven investigative report.

Study on Mechanism of Influence of Microstructure on Combustion Characteristics of Mine Conveyor Belt

ABSTRACT The disaster regularity of conveyor belt fire has always been the focus of mine fire prevention and control. In order to study the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of different types of conveyor belts, the BET model was used to calculate the specific surface area and pore size distribution of conveyor belts. Various chemical bonds or functional groups contained in different types of conveyor belts were tested by infrared spectrum, and the structural parameters of infrared spectrum were calculated by split-peak fitting, so as to quantitatively analyze the change rule of the content of each active functional group. The microscopic morphology and element information of different types of conveyor belts were systematically studied by means of scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum analysis, which laid the foundation for the pyrolysis and combustion experiments of conveyor belts. The experimental results show that the order of specific surface area and average pore size is NFR>SC>PVC>PVG; The degree of hydroxyl oxidation of NFR and lignite samples is higher, and the degree of fat branching of NFR and PVG samples is higher, indicating that the samples have less soluble organic matter and loose structure; SC and NFR powder have similar internal space structure, but NFR conveyor belt has more hole structure than SC conveyor belt; The biggest difference between conveyor belt and lignite is the existence of Cl element. The derivative of Cl element can be considered as an early warning indicator of conveyor belt combustion.

Patients’ and Members of the Public’s Wishes Regarding Transparency in the Context of Secondary Use of Health Data: Scoping Review

Secondary use of health data has reached unequaled potential to improve health systems governance, knowledge, and clinical care. Transparency regarding this secondary use is frequently cited as necessary to address deficits in trust and conditional support and to increase patient awareness. We aimed to review the current published literature to identify different stakeholders' perspectives and recommendations on what information patients and members of the public want to learn about the secondary use of health data for research purposes and how and in which situations. Using PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, we conducted a scoping review using Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases to locate a broad range of studies published in English or French until November 2022. We included articles reporting a stakeholder's perspective or recommendations of what information patients and members of the public want to learn about the secondary use of health data for research purposes and how or in which situations. Data were collected and analyzed with an iterative thematic approach using NVivo. Overall, 178 articles were included in this scoping review. The type of information can be divided into generic and specific content. Generic content includes information on governance and regulatory frameworks, technical aspects, and scientific aims. Specific content includes updates on the use of one's data, return of results from individual tests, information on global results, information on data sharing, and how to access one's data. Recommendations on how to communicate the information focused on frequency, use of various supports, formats, and wording. Methods for communication generally favored broad approaches such as nationwide publicity campaigns, mainstream and social media for generic content, and mixed approaches for specific content including websites, patient portals, and face-to-face encounters. Content should be tailored to the individual as much as possible with regard to length, avoidance of technical terms, cultural competence, and level of detail. Finally, the review outlined 4 major situations where communication was deemed necessary: before a new use of data, when new test results became available, when global research results were released, and in the advent of a breach in confidentiality. This review highlights how different types of information and approaches to communication efforts may serve as the basis for achieving greater transparency. Governing bodies could use the results: to elaborate or evaluate strategies to educate on the potential benefits; to provide some knowledge and control over data use as a form of reciprocity; and as a condition to engage citizens and build and maintain trust. Future work is needed to assess which strategies achieve the greatest outreach while striking a balance between meeting information needs and use of resources.

ALGORITHM OF USING THE OSINT TECHNOLOGY IN MODERN SERVICES

The tools and forms of the process of organizing and managing the collection of intelligence data areconsidered. The relationship between operations with different types of information is shown. Techniques of active andpassive information collection were studied. The main types of OSINT data collection tools, their capabilities andapplication features are given. The classification of resources for OSINT operations is given. An information searchalgorithm using modern services (entertainment services) has been developed. The proposed algorithm for using OSINTtechnology in modern services allows you to obtain the maximum amount of data, minimize resources and time, and takesinto account the peculiarities of the legislation of the country of the OSINT object. Based on the statement, the articlealso discusses the relationship between different types of information, the capabilities and application features of variousOSINT data collection tools, and the classification of resources for OSINT operations. Additionally, it presents aninformation search algorithm that utilizes modern services, considering the peculiarities of the legislation of the countryof the OSINT object.

MODELING METHOD AS A way OF INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL COMPETENCE FORMATION IN THE STUDY OF PHYSICS

The article considers the necessity of forming information-analytical competence of the future specialist as a component of professional competence, which reflects the readiness and ability of higher education students to apply information-analytical knowledge, skills, abilities in combination with their personal qualities during working with information of different types and forms, and the ability to search, evaluate, preserve, analyze, design and transmit important information in order to obtain qualitatively new knowledge for responsible decision-making in professional activities, preserving and multiplying the most important achievements. Components of information-analytical competence are considered: cognitive component (information-analytical theoretical knowledge; information-analytical technological knowledge); functional component (instrumental and communicative skills; analytical skills; ability to analyze information and formalize it, to compare, summarize, synthesize with available data, develop options for using information; to predict the results of the problem situation, appropriate registration of analysis results and their transfer); personality-evaluating component (orientation and motivation of the individual to perform information and analytical activities). The using of the modeling method is analyzed, which requires the use of theoretical level concepts that do not have direct models in real subjects of study and are formed due to the introduction of idealization and modeling methods in the learning process. The method of modeling is used in all branches of physical knowledge and at all stages of the development of physical theory. Scientific modeling is understood as a way of cognition in which another, more complex system, which is the object of research, is reproduced with the help of the created system. Closely related to the method of modeling are methods of scientific knowledge as an analogy, idealization, and imaginary experiments. In the course of modeling on the basis of establishing the similarity of some already studied essential features of two or more objects, phenomena. The use of modeling method and structural-logical scheme of formation of scientific knowledge and processes and formation of information-analytical competence are compared.

Misinformation due to asymmetric information sharing

On social media platforms, true and false information compete. Importantly, some messages travel much further than others, even if they concern the same topic. This fact is not reflected in models of social learning (or opinion formation) in networks. Our model fills this gap by allowing different types of information to have different decay factors and to be shared with different networks of people, incorporating asymmetries in sharing behaviors. More “shareable” information then dominates in the long run. This yields a substantial probability of misinformation, in contrast to the special case of symmetry covered by the literature. Asymptotic learning requires a perfect balance between two types of asymmetry: the product of decay factor and largest eigenvalue in the respective signal sharing networks must coincide. Approaching this balance reduces the speed of convergence and enables social learning in the shorter term. Our analysis thus suggests that policy makers, who do not know the true state, aim to mitigate asymmetries in signal sharing, e.g. by weakening echo chambers or by fostering the shareability of cumbersome, boring messages.

Fused solar-blind UV/VIS Bi-spectral sensing and imaging with vertically stacking ZnGa2O4/MAPbI3 structure

Various spectral bands provide different types of information, and information enhancement could be achieved by selective fusion of different spectral bands. The fused solar-blind Ultraviolet (UV)/Visible (VIS) bi-spectral sensing and imaging can provide the precise location of UV targets in virtue of VIS background, which has been increasingly promoted. However, most reported UV/VIS bi-spectral photodetectors (PDs) only have one single channel towards a broadband spectrum of both UV and VIS light, which cannot distinguish two kinds of signals, hindering the image fusion of bi-spectral signals. This work demonstrates the solar-blind UV/VIS bi-spectral PD based on vertically stacking perovskite of MAPbI3 and ternary oxide of ZnGa2O4 with independent and distinct response toward solar-blind UV and VIS light in a single pixel. The PD exhibits excellent sensing properties with an I on/I off ratio of >107 and 102, detectivity of >1010 and 108 Jones, and response decay time of 90 μs and 16 ms for VIS and UV channels, respectively. The successful fusion of VIS and UV images suggests that our bi-spectral PD can be applied in the accurate identification of corona discharge and fire detection.

A data-driven investigation of human action representations

Understanding actions performed by others requires us to integrate different types of information about people, scenes, objects, and their interactions. What organizing dimensions does the mind use to make sense of this complex action space? To address this question, we collected intuitive similarity judgments across two large-scale sets of naturalistic videos depicting everyday actions. We used cross-validated sparse non-negative matrix factorization to identify the structure underlying action similarity judgments. A low-dimensional representation, consisting of nine to ten dimensions, was sufficient to accurately reconstruct human similarity judgments. The dimensions were robust to stimulus set perturbations and reproducible in a separate odd-one-out experiment. Human labels mapped these dimensions onto semantic axes relating to food, work, and home life; social axes relating to people and emotions; and one visual axis related to scene setting. While highly interpretable, these dimensions did not share a clear one-to-one correspondence with prior hypotheses of action-relevant dimensions. Together, our results reveal a low-dimensional set of robust and interpretable dimensions that organize intuitive action similarity judgments and highlight the importance of data-driven investigations of behavioral representations.

The Influence of Various Information About Insect Content and Its Advantages on the Acceptance of Foods Containing Insects

ABSTRACT Information about the content of food products affects the potential consumers’ willingness to purchase certain foodstuffs and include them in their diet. The presentation and scope of information are essential in the case of marketing specific products such as insect-based foods. The purpose of our study was to investigate the influence of information about a product’s advantages, coupled with verbal and visual information provided on the packaging, on the participants’ assessment of food containing insects. The participants (N = 659) were informed about the environmental or health benefits of ingesting insects. They were subsequently presented with a picture of a food product with different types of information about the insect content and asked to evaluate the product. The results suggest that providing images of insects on the packaging results in a lower assessment of the food containing insects. A brief presentation of the advantages of entomophagy has no impact on insect-based food assessment.

An Examination of Memory Performance in a Fearful Virtual Reality Gaming Context

Background The emotion of fear bears a survival significance enabling animals to be highly vigilant in contexts of uncertainty. Expectedly, not all information available in the environment can be processed. Given that a major goal is to get rid of the source of fear in a fearful situation, the current study therefore hypothesized that information relating to the fear source would be better attended to and recalled than contextual information, which was validated by comparing participants’ recall of different types of information presented in a fearful VR gaming context. Methodology Fifty-four participants were divided into two groups and finished a specific segment of a VR game with different fear levels. Results No significant difference in recall performance on the questions about the appearance of the fear source and the questions about the interaction with the source was observed between the fear and less-fear groups. Yet, contextual information was better recalled than information related to the fear source in both groups. Regardless of whether the contextual information was provided beforehand or not, participants still tended to focus primarily on the environment in the gameplay. Also, the immersiveness of the gameplay was positively related to participants’ fear level. Discussion The tendency of attending to contextual information was speculated to be unconditional, in line with the risk calculation observed in prey when situated in less familiar contexts. It was suggested to further validate the present primarily findings by adopting VR headset with eye-tracking function in future studies. Lastly, an understanding of fear’s effect on memorization might also provide some information for developing future survival horror games.

Long-Term Climate Sensitivity of Resin-Tapped and Non-Resin-Tapped Scots Pine Trees Based on Tree Ring Width and Blue Intensity

The resin tapping of pine trees in Poland ended in the early 1990s. However, we can still find individual trees, and sometimes larger groups of trees, that were tapped. This study focused on the effect of the mechanical wounding of trees during resin tapping on the growth and climatic sensitivity of pine trees. The study concerned a 160-year-old pine stand in northwestern Poland in which resin tapping was last performed in the 1970s. All the trees had remained standing because of their high quality, which had destined them for seed collection. The stand included both resin-tapped (RT) and non-RT (NRT) trees. Our study was based on a dendrochronological analysis of two signals—annual tree ring widths (TRWs) and their delta blue intensity (DBI). We observed a significant increase in annual TRW after resin tapping had ceased, alongside a decrease in the DBI. The temporal stability in growth response was examined using daily climatic correlations from 1921 to 2021. It was found that the climatic sensitivity of RT and NRT pines was similar. There were differences in only some of the years, most while resin tapping was occurring, and then approximately 20 years after the resin tapping had ceased. However, these were small differences that mainly related to the strength of the correlation. It was also discovered that we can obtain different types of information from the study of TRWs and DBI.

Comprehension of explicit and implicit information in prereaders: the role of maternal education, receptive vocabulary, executive functions, and theory of mind

ABSTRACT Listening narrative comprehension is a complex process that requires the processing of explicit (i.e., information presented in the text) and implicit information (i.e., information inferable from the text) and involves several linguistic and cognitive skills. However, the specific role of these skills in children’s comprehension remains unclear. This study investigated the contribution of maternal education, receptive vocabulary, executive functions (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility), and Theory of Mind to the comprehension of explicit and implicit information during a listening comprehension task among 100 Italian native speakers attending first grade (M age = 6.5 years, SD = 3.7). Hierarchical linear regression analyses indicated that maternal education and children’s verbal skills were positively associated with comprehension of explicit information, whereas cognitive flexibility and Theory of Mind provided an independent contribution to the comprehension of implicit information over and above maternal education and verbal skills. Prereaders not only process different types of information during a listening comprehension task and engage in integrative processes to go beyond the information presented in the text but also rely on different linguistic and cognitive skills in the comprehension of both explicit and implicit information.

Social Media Use and COVID-19 Vaccination Intent: An Exploratory Study on the Mediating Role of Information Exposure

Abstract We stumble upon new and repeating information daily. As information comes from many sources, social media continues to play a predominant role in disseminating information, ultimately impacting individuals’ perceptions and behaviors. A prime example of this impact was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, in which social media use was influencing willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. While studies on this relationship between social media use and vaccination intent have been widely investigated, less is known about the mechanisms that link these two variables, specifically the types of information seen on social media platforms and the effects of these different types of information. In this exploratory study, we demonstrate the mediator role of information exposure (to include both types of information and frequency) between social media use and vaccination intent. Our results show that different types of information mediate this relationship differently and demonstrate how these relationships were further moderated by the income level of the participant. We conclude with the implications of these findings and how our findings can inform the direction of future research within the field of human–computer interaction.

Hoe herkennen we de emoties van Ovidius’ Aglauros, Pyramus en anderen?

Emotions make a story more than a list of events. While reading, readers assign emotions to characters, and this constitutes an important, if not crucial, aspect of understanding narrative texts. Information in the text enables this process of assigning emotions, but readers’ pre-existing knowledge and their previous (emotional) experiences also play a role. In this article, I aim to provide more insight into the interaction between reader and text, and present different types of information that play a role in understanding emotions in narratives. These types are based on research on text comprehension and reading processes and concepts from cognitive and affective narratology. Examples include knowledge about typical plot structures, types of characters and emotional scripts. I provide illustrations taken from the set texts of the 2023 Latin Dutch exam (Ovid’s Metamorphoses). Some passages in this corpus provide detailed descriptions of a character’s emotions, while others appeal more to the reader’s background knowledge. The collected texts contain many stories with a romantic plot line. We find gods with sudden feelings of desire, unrequited love, budding and forbidden relationships, long and happy marriages. Deception, misunderstanding and bad news (Fama) are obstacles to these relationships, creating strong emotions.

How does financial development influence carbon emission intensity in the OECD countries: Some insights from the information and communication technology perspective

Based on an extended STIRPAT framework, this paper investigates the effects of financial development on carbon emission intensity in OECD countries from linear and non-linear perspectives, where financial development is proxied by three dimensions: financial deepening, financial deepening, and financial size, and financial efficiency. Fortunately, three types of financial development significantly alleviate carbon emission intensity. An extended moderation effect model is built to estimate the effect of financial development via information and communication technology on carbon emission intensity. The results reveal that internet-based information and communication technology and service-based information and communication technology are positively correlated with carbon emission intensity. To effectively handle the endogeneity issue triggered by causal relationships between variables and allow potential non-linear nexus, an advanced dynamic panel threshold model incorporating the generalised method of moments is employed to investigate how financial development affects carbon emission intensity under different types of information and communication technology. Empirical evidence demonstrates the significance of the non-linear nexus between financial development and carbon emission intensity. Lastly, heterogeneity analysis demonstrates the existence of heterogeneity associated with institutional quality, degree of economic development, and resource endowment concerning the effect of financial development on carbon emission intensity among the OECD countries.

Semantic and spatial‐spectral feature fusion transformer network for the classification of hyperspectral image

AbstractRecently, transformer‐based networks have been introduced for the classification of hyperspectral image (HSI). Although transformer‐based methods can well capture spectral sequence information, their ability to fuse different types of information contained in HSI is still insufficient. To exploit rich spectral, spatial and semantic information in HSI, a novel semantic and spatial‐spectral feature fusion transformer (S3FFT) network is proposed in this study. In the proposed S3FFT method, spatial attention and efficient channel attention (ECA) modules are employed for the extraction of shallow spatial‐spectral features. Then, a transformer‐based module is designed to extract advanced fused features and to produce the pseudo‐label and class probability of each pixel for semantic feature extraction. Finally, the semantic, spatial and spectral features are combined by the transformer for classification. Compared with traditional deep learning methods and recently transformer‐based methods, the proposed S3FFT shows relatively better results on three HSI datasets.