Information Interaction Process Research Articles

Images as data – modelling data interactions in social science and humanities research

PurposeThe expanded reuse of images as research data in the social sciences and humanities necessitates the understanding of scholars’ real-life interactions with the type of data. The aim of this study is to analyse activities constituting image data interactions in social science and humanities research and to provide a model describing the data interaction process.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on interviews with 21 scholars from various academic backgrounds utilising digital and print images collected from external sources as empirical research data. Qualitative content analyses were executed to analyse image data interactions throughout the research process in three task types: contemporary, historical and computational research.FindingsThe findings further develop the task-based information interaction model (Järvelin et al., 2015) originally created to explain the information interaction process. The enhanced model presents five main image data interaction activities: Data gathering, Forming dataset, Working with data, Synthesizing and reporting and Concluding, with various sub-activities. The findings show the variety of image data interactions in different task types.Originality/valueThe developed model contributes to understanding critical points in image data interactions and provides a model for future research analysing research data interactions. The model may also be used, for example, in designing better research services and infrastructures by identifying support needs throughout the research process.

Optimizing Blockchain Consensus: Incorporating Trust Value in the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Algorithm with Boneh-Lynn-Shacham Aggregate Signature

The consensus algorithm is the core mechanism of blockchain and is used to ensure data consistency among blockchain nodes. The PBFT consensus algorithm is widely used in alliance chains because it is resistant to Byzantine errors. However, the present PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) still has issues with master node selection that is random and complicated communication. The IBFT consensus technique, which is enhanced, is proposed in this study and is based on node trust value and BLS (Boneh-Lynn-Shacham) aggregate signature. In IBFT, multi-level indicators are used to calculate the trust value of each node, and some nodes are selected to take part in network consensus as a result of this calculation. The master node is chosen from among them based on which node has the highest trust value, it transforms the BLS signature process into the information interaction process between nodes. Consequently, communication complexity is reduced, and node-to-node information exchange remains secure. The simulation experiment findings demonstrate that the IBFT consensus method enhances transaction throughput rate by 61% and reduces latency by 13% when compared to the PBFT algorithm.

Abnormal Low-Frequency Corticokinematic Coherence in Stroke: An Electroencephalography and Acceleration Study.

Motor control is a complex process of coordination and information interaction among neural, motor, and sensory functions. Investigating the correlation between motor-physiological information helps to understand the human motor control mechanisms and is important for the assessment of motor function status. In this manuscript, we investigated the differences in the neuromotor coupling analysis between healthy controls and stroke patients in different movements. We applied the corticokinematic coherence (CKC) function between the electroencephalogram (EEG) and acceleration (ACC) data. First, we collected the EEG and ACC data from 10 healthy controls and 10 stroke patients under the task of movement execution (ear touch and knee touch) and movement maintenance (ear touch and knee touch). After the preprocessing of raw data, we used frequency domain coherence method to analyze the full-frequency EEG and ACC data, which could be concluded that the CKC intensity in the movement execution was higher than that in the movement maintenance. However, there was no significant difference between healthy subjects and stroke patients. Secondly, the coherence results in local frequency bands showed that low-frequency bands could better reflect the difference between movement execution and maintenance. The intensity of coherence in healthy subjects was significantly higher than that in other bands, but not in stroke patients. Further comparison of coherence results in local frequency bands showed that the intensity of theta band in healthy controls was significantly higher than other rhythms, especially in the knee touch phase. Therefore, we infer that neurodynamic coupling analysis based on EEG and ACC data can show the differences between healthy subjects and stroke patients. Such researches could add to the understanding of neuro-motor control mechanisms and provide new quantitative indicators on the motor function assessment.

The role of the “presumption of goodness” in the communication process

Introduction. The discrepancy between personal and mass forms of information interaction dictates the need to consider the conflict between the pictures of the world emerging on their basis.Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the distinction between communication and communication. Communication is perceived as a technologically enabled process of information interaction. The “peacemaking property of consciousness” is considered - the psychophysiological property of a person to create a holistic picture of the world from discrete elements. The communicative picture of the world created with the help of the media exploits the initial trust of recipients in potential sources of information, creating an “infrastructure of trust” that only destroys human-dimensional meanings.Results. Communicative reality deprives a person of the opportunity to use his “peacemaking” potential to form his own reality. In fact, the media imitate reality, offering people surrogates of impressions and facts. As a result, in the communicative space the dynamics of change are performative in nature, and imitative reality can be represented as performative reality. An antagonism of meanings arises when personal perception presupposes a certain picture of the world, and the communicative process makes the presentation of the world inhuman and distorted. The phenomenon of error begins to sound in a new way as a result of the discrepancy between expected meanings and those phenomena and facts that were offered to a person by means of communication.Discussion and Conclusions. It is concluded that the artificial space of imitative reality is moving further and further away from man’s need to create his own world, thereby developing and shaping himself. Depoliticization, withdrawal into a world closed to external media systems is a characteristic of many today’s young people, who implicitly protest against their lack of the right to form their own picture of the world.

Digital Twin Power Grid Oriented Mobile Edge Network Resource Allocation Model

The integration of vast quantities of clean energy causes intense impact on the power grid reliability. Digital Twin can be used to handle the high‐growth data flow generated in the power grid, and thus accelerate its digitalization process to fulfill the clean energy consumption target. As the traditional central cloud network structure can no longer effectively support the operation of digital twin power grid, the mobile edge network can be used as a reasonable substitute. To support the information interaction process of the mobile edge network, considering total profit, time delay and energy consumption, this paper proposes the mobile edge network communication and computing resource joint allocation model. On the basis, the GA‐PSO algorithm is proposed to solve the resource allocation optimization function. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by the related simulation experiment. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Mathematical models of the information interaction process in 5G-IoT ecosystem: Different functional scenarios

This paper proposes mathematical models of the process of information interaction between a set of subjects (IoT devices) and a base station in the 5G-IoT ecosystem. The researched process, in this case, is represented by a queuing system with a flow of new incoming requests with needs for the desired volumes of system resources and a flow of service signals, the receipt of which initiates redefinition of allocated for received incoming requests volumes of system resources. A controlled parameter in the created queuing system is the acceptance or rejection of new incoming requests. The priority is to support active sessions of subject-system interaction initiated for the received incoming requests. We consider two functional scenarios, which differ asynchronously or synchronously when a service signal comes to the base station’s front-end interface. The receipt marks a partial or complete redefinition of system resources involved in supporting active sessions of subject-system interaction. Formalized in the basis of a single queuing system, mathematical models of development of these functional scenarios allow calculating the probability of rejection of a new incoming request and the percentage of occupied system resources, combined in the metrics of quality indicators, in the conditions of asynchronous or synchronous change of the spatial location relative to the base station of the end IoT devices, the received input requests from which are active in the 5G-IoT ecosystem.

Multiple evaluation methods of MOOC online English teaching quality based on social network

In order to solve the problem of low evaluation accuracy of English teaching quality evaluation methods, this paper designs a diversified evaluation method of MOOC online English teaching quality based on social network. Firstly, the characteristics of social networks and the information interaction process between users are analysed, and the data affecting the quality evaluation are collected for normalisation. Then, the data with high similarity is determined by cosine similarity calculation to realise data preprocessing. Finally, the diversified evaluation indicators are normalised, the weight of diversified evaluation indicators is calculated, the quality data evaluation model of diversified teaching indicators is constructed, and the diversified evaluation is completed. The experimental results show that the evaluation accuracy of this method is always higher than 90%, and the evaluation time is less than 2.6 s, which has a certain reliability.

Dynamics of a Discrete Lotka–Volterra Information Diffusion Model

To explore the process of online social network information interaction, in this paper, we analyze the dynamics of a discrete Lotka–Volterra information diffusion model. Using the center manifold theorem, the conditions for transcritical bifurcation and flip bifurcation are obtained. With the help of approximation by a flow and Picard iteration, we explore the qualitative structures and stability of degenerate fixed point of the model with eigenvalues [Formula: see text]. What’s interesting is that our results reveal a new and complex qualitative structure for fixed point, which are different from the previous reports and called degenerate saddle point. Additionally, the qualitative structures provide a new idea for investigation the stability of degenerate fixed point. Meanwhile, near the maximum user density, the dynamic results of degenerate fixed point indicate that if the intervention rate is greater than the inverse of the maximum user density, then the higher user density decreases, the lower user density increases when intrinsic growth rates are small (between 0 and 2). However, when the intrinsic growth rate is greater than 2, the high user density will continue to increase until it approaches the maximum user density indefinitely, while the small user density will approach 0, which provide us with new insights into information diffusion. Finally, we show the results of the model by numerical simulations, and the characteristics of information diffusion near the degenerate fixed point are predicted by theoretical analysis.

Research on Copyright Protection of Digital Works Based on Multi-blockchain

Background: With the development of network technology and the continuous increase in user-generated content on the Internet, the protection of digital copyright is particularly important. Objective: In order to better protect the copyright of digital works, this paper proposes a Polkadot scheme based on the advantages of blockchain cross-chain technology. Methods: The scheme sets up three parallel chains, including digital work chain, copyright management chain, and dispute arbitration chain, and shows the information interaction process of Validators, Fishermen, Collators, and Nominators. Results: The research shows that the scheme has more advantages than a single chain or alliance chain. It has a shorter block creation time, better security, and availability. Conclusion: The findings provide new ideas for copyright registration, copyright trading, and infringement maintenance of digital works and also broadens the application of cross-chain technology of blockchain.

Leveraging speaker-aware structure and factual knowledge for faithful dialogue summarization

Currently, sequence/graph-to-sequence models for abstractive dialogue summarization are being studied extensively. However, previous methods strive to integrate complex events spanning multiple utterances, and the generated summaries are often filled with incorrect facts. In this study, we first utilize the speaker-aware structure to model the information interaction process in the dialogue, which shows an excellent ability to settle the cross-sentence dependency. Then, we incorporate the factual representations via a dual-copy decoder to obtain summaries conditioned on both the tokens from source sequences and the factual knowledge from our designed fact graph, which enhances the factual consistency for dialogue summarization. We also propose some fact-level factual consistency metrics. Adequate experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines by a significant margin on the SAMSum and DialSumm datasets. A comprehensive analysis also proves the effectiveness of our model. Furthermore, human judges confirm that the outputs of our model contain more informative and faithful information.

Formalization of the metric of parameters for quality evaluation of the subject-system interaction session in the 5G-IoT ecosystem

The highlight of an article is a mathematical model of the process of subject-system information interaction in the IoT ecosystem. In contrast to the existing models, the studied process is described by a simplified queuing system, reduced to a discrete Markov chain. The controlled parameter is the total amount of occupied system resources for all active sessions subject system interaction. Based on the created model, the metric of parameters that fully characterize the quality of functioning of the studied IoT system is analytically described. The proposed metric includes such stochastic characteristic parameters as the average number of active sessions of subject-system interaction in the information environment of the IoT system, the average amount of occupied system resources, and the probability of losing incoming requests due to insufficient free system resources or lack of free communication channels. The dependence of the mentioned stochastic characteristic parameters on the type and settings of the distribution function of the released system resources volume is also analytically formalized. The proposed expressions also consider the workload level of the front-end interface of the IoT system and the desired amount of system resources specified in the input request. The experiments showed that with the increasing workload on the front-end interface of the studied IoT system, the values of all characteristic parameters of the metric increase. In particular, for the studied system with an increase in load in the range from 0.8 to 1.1: - the average number of active sessions of subject-system interaction increased linearly from 11 to 16; - the average amount of occupied system resources gradually increased nonlinearly from 72% to 93%; - the probability of losing an incoming request increased exponentially from 5% to 18%. Note that the increase in the value of the probability of loss of incoming requests is exponential. It is established that the reason for such growth is the growth of variance of the main characteristic parameter of incoming requests – the value of the desired amount of system resources. The geometric distribution-based system resource management scheme also found that it mainly satisfies incoming requests with a smaller value of the desired amount of system resources and, in general, is focused on supporting already active sessions of subject-system interaction. The proposed mathematical apparatus can be used at the design stage of client-oriented 4G-LTE, 5G, and, potentially, 6G ecosystems.

Distributed Optimization of Second-Order Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Event-Triggered Communication

In this article, we study the event-triggered distributed optimization problem of second-order nonlinear multiagent systems under undirected and connected communication topologies. To reduce the cost of information exchange in an optimization problem, a distributed event-triggered communication-based algorithm is proposed. In an event-triggered mechanism, the information interaction process of the network is controlled by a set of trigger conditions. The trigger condition of each agent only requires its own state information and its neighboring agents’ state information. Each agent updates its own states only at the triggering time. In order to achieve the optimal result of the optimization problem and reduce the cost of communicatio, we propose a distributed event-triggered algorithm based on gradient descent. Moreover, we analyze the convergence of the algorithm by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function. Furthermore, we prove that the Zeno behavior can be avoid. Finally, we provide examples to validate the effectiveness of the obtained result.

Design of vehicle traffic information security risk evaluation index system based on grey evaluation method

The network security problem of vehicle traffic information system is becoming more and more prominent. In order to effectively defend the system, this paper conducts in-depth research on the network security of vehicle traffic information system and proposes an information security risk assessment system for vehicle traffic control center. Specifically, the vehicle traffic control center is divided into components, and the security attributes of each component of the vehicle traffic control center system are constructed. By studying the information interaction process between the vehicle traffic control center and other subsystems, the security attributes of each component are abstracted; Identify the risk value of the component based on the influence of the component’s security attribute on the risk assessment index, aiming to enhance the security defense capability of the vehicle traffic information system.

Information interaction in socio-cultural information and educational environment of the University

The article presents an analysis of approaches to the definition of the concepts of "information interaction", "interactive information cooperation" in socio-cultural information and educational environment, understood as a set of conditions that contribute to the emergence and development of information educational interaction between subjects of educational process and means of ICT, functioning of organizational structures of pedagogical influence for the development of content, the development of cognitive activity of a student. The article describes the features of the process of information interaction in socio-cultural information and educational environment in the preparation of students; interaction in this case includes an interactive information resource using interactive means of information and communication technologies. The structure of socio-cultural information and educational environment as a form of interrelated information interaction between the subjects of educational process with an interactive information resource is proposed. Information interaction is carried out by the subjects of the educational process (the student, the teacher, the means of education functioning on the basis of information and communication technologies) and is provided by psychological and pedagogical influence.

Coordination of Distribution Network Reinforcement and DER Planning in Competitive Market

Since distributed energy resources (DERs) can provide capacity in distribution system, distribution network reinforcement interacts with DER planning (DERP) for meeting load growth. This article proposes the coordination of distribution network reinforcement and DER planning in competitive market. The model is formulated as a multi-stage programming. In first stage, distribution companies (DISCOs) and DER aggregators (DERAs) make bidding plans for network reinforcements and DERP. In second stage, DSO checks the network security. If the check fails, DSO sends capacity signals to DISCOs and DERAs for more capacities. In third stage, the distributed market is cleared by DSO’s optimal operation problem and distribution locational marginal price (DLMP) is returned to DERAs as price signal. An iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-stage model. The algorithm embodies the process of information interaction among DISCOs, DERAs, and DSO, where DISCOs and DERAs compete in capacity market under DSO’s supervision. Numerical results on IEEE 33-system and an actual 141-bus system demonstrate that the proposed model coordinates distribution network reinforcement and DERP in competitive market.

Minimalism as a strategy for overcoming information overload of interface design for interactive city devices

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issues of forming a comfortable urban information environment using graphic design, namely, minimalism as a strategy for organizing visual information obtained through interaction with interactive interfaces in the urban environment. In modern megacities, devices with a touch screen increasingly provide the organization of the process of information interaction between a city and a person. From a visual point of view, they provide ample opportunities for the implementation of a graphic form. However, at the same time, the question remains to what extent the visual design of the software of urban information carriers affects the efficiency of their use, and how their aesthetic characteristics form the information and graphic ecology of the city. In recent years, the information space has expanded significantly; therefore, the organization of an environmentally friendly urban graphical environment has turned out to be associated with the need to apply approaches to organizing data that can reduce information and visual noise, as well as reduce the level of information pollution of the surrounding urban environment. This circumstance, on the one hand, enhances the importance of interaction design as a primary stage in creating an effective information design. On the other hand, it promotes a conscious restriction in the use of graphical tools, reflecting an ethical approach to interface design.

Research and Application of Historical Building Conservation and Management System based on UAV

Guangzhou is one of the most famous historical cities in China which has abundant unique cultural resources. With the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the preservation of historical buildings and urban construction have fallen apart, which leads to the destruction of historical buildings and the lack of efficient supervision of the protection of historical buildings. For the difficulties in digital preservation of historical buildings in Guangzhou, it is necessary to construct a comprehensive application of high-precision terminal application, network platform and other technologies, to control the whole process of information interaction, data processing and arrangement, thus achieving the implementation of historical building preservation plan and management.

СТРАТЕГІЧНИЙ КОНТЕКСТ ЗБАЛАНСОВАНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ НА ОСНОВІ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

Based on the generalization of world and domestic experience, the urgency of solving the problem of development of railway transport entities in the current and distant perspective in the conditions of increasing uncertainty of the market environment is established. Sustainable enterprise development is defined as a dynamic process of information interaction, expanding the service economy in an innovative way, and transforming existing types of economic activities under the influence of digital technologies, and a strategy of continuous knowledge sharing between economic agents in all spheres of life that changes their behavior. The main barriers to the use of digital technologies are identified and the key segments in the process of capital allocation, oriented towards a long-term strategy of improving the quality of services, increasing productivity and reducing operating costs in the process of transforming production resources into public goods, were recognised. The main sources of problems in the relationship between domestic railway transport entities were: the limited possibilities of control of financial flows, limited access to the use of financial and telecommunication data on the Internet, ownership of intellectual property rights, and the abuse by the monopolistic structure of the JSC Ukrzaliznytsia as an infrastructure manager and as a transport operator. It was found out that the policy of balanced development at the macro- and micro levels is directly related to the management of information interaction between the main entities that make strategically important decisions, to coordinate the directions and components of the enterprise development that meet the growing demands of society for traffic safety and the quality of life. To sum up, the response of railway companies to the internal and external threats is the digitization of business processes and control over the financial flows and safety of railway traffic in the corporate and public sectors of the economy. A general economic model for managing the sustainable development of railway transport firms in the context of digitalisation of the economy has been constructed, reflecting the dynamics of behavioral management processes interrelated in the technological, information and functional environments of the companies whose activities are considered in the context of future technological and market trends in the railway industry.

MODEL OF FUNCTIONING OF INFORMATION-CONTROL SYSTEM OF UNMANNED CAR WITH DIFFERENT SENSORS CHANNELS OF INFORMATION INTERACTIO

The article proposes an approach to the formalization of the process of information interaction of the information and control system of an unmanned vehicle with the environment, taking into account external destabilizing effects against the background of intra-system interference. The result of simulation modeling of the process of inverse processing of information arrays under conditions of a priori uncertainty is presented.

Sociological and Mathematical Models as Tools of Social Processes Applied Sociological Research

The methodological aspects of building sociological and mathematical models as tools of applied sociological research of social phenomena and processes in the conditions of the information society have been elaborated on in the article. The role of modelling method in social cognition, forms of social phenomena and processes, issues of building models of social processes, approaches to constructing their models, criteria for systematization of mathematical models of social processes have been considered. The analysis of the problem of using the modelling method in sociology has been carried out, the definition of the concept of "descriptive-information model" has been presented. The methods used to classify the use of mathematical means in sociology, including stochastic models for social processes, deterministic models for social processes, models of structure and models of human behavior, have been defined. The technology of computer modeling, which acts in modern conditions as an alternative to mathematical models in sociology, has been considered. There is a gap in mathematical and formal sociology between models and empirical analysis. A sociological and mathematical model of the process of information interaction based on fuzzy cognitive modeling has been presented, which allows to formalize and take into account the subjective characteristics of the participants of communication in social systems whose assessment has verbal expression.