Information Communication System Research Articles

The Objective of Communication Technology (ICT) And Information System on Accounting Profession: An Analysis of Anan University, Kwall, Plateau State, Nigeria

The relationship between ICT and the accounting profession in Nigeria is assessed in this study. A closed-ended, structured questionnaire was used as the research tool in this study and was given to the employees of the chosen businesses. The chi-square statistical tool, a non-parametric test used to ascertain whether a systematic link exists between two (2) variables, is used to assess the data acquired and retrieved from the research instrument used. The data analysis was conducted using the statistical package for social science (SPSS). According to the study's findings, there is a statistically significant correlation between ICT and the accounting profession in Nigeria. The research found that the accounting profession in Nigeria is impacted by the positive and robust relationship of ICT. A nation's rapid economic and social development is largely dependent on its ICT infrastructure, which has had an effect on the accounting profession in one way or another. Hajela (2005). This, result is also consistent with Buseni James's (2003) discovery that workers' skills and ICT use are connected, indicating that companies with high ICT usage also employ more knowledge workers

Understanding the human element in scams: a multidisciplinary approach

ABSTRACT Scams are a widespread and persistent issue that have existed for thousands of years, evolving into a significant problem in modern society with the advancement of new media and communication technologies. This editorial attempts to provide a comprehensive understanding of the social and psychological mechanisms in scams through a multidisciplinary lens, drawing insights from communication studies, information systems, psychology, sociology, and economics. We aim to not only provide a robust framework for future scientific research, but also to map potential directions for developing effective scam prevention and intervention strategies in the future.

Orthogonal‐Based Reconfigurable Light‐Controlled Metasurface for Multichannel Amplitude‐Modulation Communication

AbstractOptical‐control reconfigurable metasurfaces can avoid crosstalk between microwave signal and direct current (DC) signal caused by physical wire connection, which paves a paradigm for dynamically and remotely controlling electromagnetic (EM) wave. However, the traditional light‐controlled reconfigurable metasurfaces mainly focus on the modulation of single polarized EM wave, which is difficult to adapt to the modulation of various signals in communication. In this work, a photoresistor is fully embedded into the meta‐atom as an active device, and a light‐controlled reconfigurable metasurface (LCRM) with multi‐polarization amplitude modulations is proposed. The designed metasurface controls the luminous intensity of light emitting diode (LED) array through computer, and then adjusts the photoresistor value, which can achieve amplitude modulations. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed framework, the metasurface is simulated, fabricated, and measured, and the measurement results are basically consistent with the theoretical simulation results. Based on the EM characteristics of the designed metasurface, linear polarized (LP) wave synthesis and information transmission are carried out to demonstrate the design. This work designs an amplitude modulation metasurface under orthogonal‐polarization wave incidence to expand the LCRM application, which has broad development prospects in many fields such as information transmission, communication systems, and holographic imaging.

Features of ensuring cyber resilience of national information resources, communication and technological systems that ensure the functioning of government authorities under the conditions of the martial law

Risks and threats of unauthorized access to state information resources, communication and technological systems are identified. The procedure and conditions for the administration of state information resources hosted on cloud resources and data processing centers located outside of Ukraine are detailed. The set of regulatory acts approved by the Government of Ukraine with the aim of strengthening the cyber resilience of national information resources was analyzed, the procedure for responding to cyber incidents and cyber attacks, the procedure for searching and identifying potential vulnerabilities of information (automated), electronic communication, information and communication systems, and electronic communication networks was regulated. The regulatory acts adopted during 2023 by the Administration of the State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection with the aim of strengthening the cyber resilience of state information resources, automated systems for managing technological processes, administration of the state register of critical information infrastructure objects are summarized. The content of methodological recommendations devoted to the issue of responding by cyber security entities to various types of events in cyberspace, increasing the level of cyber protection of electronic document management systems, and strengthening the protection of critical infrastructure objects has been revealed. It is concluded that the process of managing vulnerabilities is aimed at their constant detection, which can be corrected by implementing patches and configuring security parameters. Further directions of improving vulnerability management processes as an important component of the system of ensuring cyber resilience of national information resources, communication and technological systems that ensure the functioning of state authorities are outlined.

RT-SVM: Channel modeling and analysis for indoor terahertz communication scenarios

Considering the increasing demands for wireless communication networks and information system applications, the wireless sector must meet the pressing requirement for high-speed technological advances. The terahertz (THz) frequency band, spanning 0.3 to 10 THz, is of significant interest in current technological innovations and academic research in telecommunications. The THz frequency band has unique properties, including high time-resolving power (femtosecond) and low absorption. This paper proposes a THz propagation ultra-wideband (UWB) channel model and coding scheme for indoor environments starting from 0.3 THz. First, we investigated the propagation path loss model by considering the effects of transmitter dimensions, molecular absorption, and attenuation as functions of frequency and distance. We developed models for power propagation delay, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems and discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) response channels. Using the standard Saleh-Valenzuela model combined with Ray-tracing (RT-SVM), we studied the transmission of THz signals in indoor scenarios. We introduced physical parameters relevant to the THz indoor channel, such as line-of-sight (LoS) path loss, power distributions, temporal and spatial properties, and associations between THz multipath properties. These parameters were integrated with the RT-SVM channel model and applied to THz indoor communication. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed hybrid channel model enhances THz system performance and outperforms traditional statistical and geometric-based stochastic channel models in terms of temporal and spatial dimensions, contributing to frequency loss variations.

Semi-Analytical Solutions for the Qi-Type Dynamical System

The aim of present paper is to obtain approximate semi-analytical solutions for the Qi-type dynamical system, while neglecting its chaotic behaviors. These solutions are derived using the Optimal Auxiliary Functions Method (OAFM). The impact of the system’s physical parameters is also investigated. A special case, involving a constant of motion, is considered for which closed-form solutions are obtained. The dynamical system is reduced to a second-order nonlinear differential equation, which is analytically solved through the OAFM procedure. The influence of initial conditions on the system is explored, specifically regarding the presence or absence of symmetries. An exact parametric solution is obtained for a particular case. A good agreement between the analytical and corresponding numerical results is demonstrated, highlighting the accuracy of the proposed method. A comparative analysis underlines the advantages of the OAFM compared to other analytical methods. These findings have numerous technological applications, such as in nonlinear circuits with three channels that involve adapted physical parameters to ensure effective functioning of electronic circuits, as well as in information storage, encryption, and communication systems.

Internal Control Systems and Performance of County Government in Kenya; A Review of the Literature

Examine the relationship between internal control systems and performance of County Governments in Kenya through a literature review. It specifically aimed to assess the impact of the control environment, evaluate the effectiveness of risk assessment, examine the influence of information communication systems, and analyse the effectiveness of monitoring activities in enhancing County Government performance. The study adopted a desk research design by reviewing relevant literature on internal control systems and County Government performance. It also summarized significant contributions of previous studies and discussed theoretical and methodological gaps in the literature. Empirical studies revealed that a robust control environment, effective risk assessment, and advanced Information Communication Systems (ICS) improve County Government performance. Despite enhancing transparency and accountability, challenges related to infrastructure and digital literacy persist. The integration of Agency, Stewardship, Institutional, and Contingency theories provides practical insights for designing effective internal controls, offering evidence-based recommendations for regulatory frameworks that foster accountability and operational efficiency in public governance.

Efficient and Compressed Deep Learning Model for Brain Tumour Classification With Explainable AI for Smart Healthcare and Information Communication Systems

ABSTRACTThe detection of brain tumours presents a significant challenge in the medical domain, where prompt and precise diagnosis is crucial as patient outcomes depend on it. Conventional deep neural networks perform well in carrying out various imaging tasks within the healthcare sector; however, their effectiveness often falls short of expectations in practical applications due to the substantial computational resources required and issues with reliability. In this research, an optimised and effective deep learning model founded on the DenseNet‐169 architecture is introduced for the classification of magnetic resonance imaging brain tumours, which is particularly advantageous for smart healthcare systems and information and communication technology (ICT) settings with limited computational capabilities. The model compression methodologies, including pruning and quantization, have been employed to significantly diminish the dimensions and intricacy of the model while achieving a classification accuracy of 97.07%. Furthermore, this endeavour necessitates the enhancement of the model's interpretability through the utilisation of explainable artificial intelligence methodologies such as Gradient‐weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad‐CAM) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), which will aid clinicians in highlighting crucial areas of the images and validating feature importance concerning the decisions rendered by the model. A comparative performance evaluation is conducted against DenseNet‐169, ResNet‐50 and various other models to delineate the superior efficacy of our model, rendering it exceptionally adept for knowledge‐driven, real‐time brain tumour diagnosis within smart healthcare and ICT systems where resources are constrained.

İNFORMASİYALARIN MƏNİMSƏNİLMƏSİNDƏ KOQNİTİV BACARIQLARIN ROLU

The article discusses the role of cognitive skills in the absorption of information provided in modern information communication systems. It is shown that currently both the old and the young generation have a number of difficulties in the assimilation of information provided by electronic means. Difficulties are caused by different forms of information, used symbols, etc. The article justifies the role of cognitive skills and competencies in solving those difficulties. In this field, the tasks facing the education system are explained. The directions of the works to be carried out are indicated.

An ML-Based Solution in the Transformation towards a Sustainable Smart City

The rapid development of modern information technology (IT), power supply, communication and traffic information systems and so on is resulting in progress in the area of distributed and energy-efficient (if possible, powered by renewable energy sources) smart grid components securely connected to entire smart city management systems. This enables a wide range of applications such as distributed energy management, system health forecasting and cybersecurity based on huge volumes of data that automate and improve the performance of the smart grid, but also require analysis, inference and prediction using artificial intelligence. Data management strategies, but also the sharing of data by consumers, institutions, organisations and industries, can be supported by edge clouds, thus protecting privacy and improving performance. This article presents and develops the authors’ own concept in this area, which is planned for research in the coming years. The paper aims to develop and initially test a conceptual framework that takes into account the aspects discussed above, emphasising the practical aspects and use cases of the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) in the everyday lives of smart sustainable city (SSC) residents. We present an approach consisting of seven algorithms for the integration of large data sets for machine learning processing to be applied in optimisation in the context of smart cities.

Irregular IRS-aided SWIPT secure communication system with imperfect CSI

The performance of traditional regular Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) improves as the number of IRS elements increases, but more reflecting elements lead to higher IRS power consumption and greater overhead of channel estimation. The Irregular Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IIRS) can enhance the performance of the IRS as well as boost the system performance when the number of reflecting elements is limited. However, due to the lack of radio frequency chain in IRS, it is challenging for the Base Station (BS) to gather perfect Channel State Information (CSI), especially in the presence of Eavesdroppers (Eves). Therefore, in this paper we investigate the minimum transmit power problem of IIRS-aided Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) secure communication system with imperfect CSI of BS-IIRS-Eves links, which is subject to the rate outage probability constraints of the Eves, the minimum rate constraints of the Information Receivers (IRs), the energy harvesting constraints of the Energy Receivers (ERs), and the topology matrix constraints. Afterward, the formulated non-convex problem can be efficiently tackled by employing joint optimization algorithm combined with successive refinement method and adaptive topology design method. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and the superiority of IIRS.

Pengabdian Masyarakat dengan “Pendampingan Posyandu Remaja sebagai Upaya Preventif Kenakalan Remaja di Posyandu Remaja Kelurahan Banyurip Kota Pekalongan”

Adolescence is a transition period which is a period of transition in a child's development between childhood and adulthood which generally begins at the age of 12 or 13 years and ends at the age of 21 years. Adolescence is a vulnerable period because of the inability of teenagers to solve their own problems. Many teenagers ultimately find that many of the solutions do not match their expectations. advances in science and technology always result in social change, with increasingly sophisticated communications technology, transportation and information systems, changes in society are accelerating more rapidly. In facing such situations, teenagers often have a more sensitive soul, which in the end, quite a few teenagers fall into things that are contrary to moral values, religious norms, social norms and norms of life in society. The aim of this service is to provide assistance to youth posyandu as an effort to prevent juvenile delinquency. The method used in this community service activity begins with an opening and introduction of the resource persons, then continues with the delivery of health education material, a question and answer session to the participants and finally closing. With this activity, the posyandu felt helped because it was provided with assistance and information in preventive efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency.

Coccygeal tumours unveiled: a retrospective cohort analysis from a tertiary referral centre.

Isolated tumours affecting the coccyx are infrequent, with only a handful of documented cases in the literature. Herein, we highlight the most extensive consecutive case series involving various isolated coccyx tumours with varied clinical presentations and imaging features. A retrospective search of our tertiary Orthopaedic oncology institute's oncology and Radiology database [Radiology Information System, Picture Archiving and Communication System, and Computerised Radiology Information System] for the keyword "Coccyx" and "Tumour" was performed over 15 years (between December 2007 and August 2022). Data collected was correlated with local histopathology and laboratory records. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and complementary imaging findings were recorded for analysis. One hundred and three lesions originating in the coccyx with a mean age of 62 years (range 25-90 years) were identified. There was a male preponderance with 59 male and 44 female patients (1.3:1.0). The most typical tumour noted was chordoma. Other lesions included a dermoid cyst, a myxopapillary ependymoma, a notochordal remnant, an osteochondroma, an Ewing sarcoma, and a teratoma. Our analysis suggests that most of the tumours involving coccyx are chordomas with a few rarely encountered benign and malignant tumours. Radiological imaging plays a vital role in characterising isolated tumours affecting the coccyx and guiding appropriate patient management. This is the largest reported series of coccygeal tumours. Chordoma is the commonest coccygeal tumour. Patients with unexplained coccydynia should undergo detailed investigations, preferably with cross-sectional imaging.

Patterns of Internet use by the Teenagers: An Inquiry of School students of Nagarjun Municipality

The internet has changed the whole perspective of information dissemination and communication systems, making the world a global village through the World Wide Web. However, studies regarding the patterns of teenagers' use of the internet in Nepal in the light of their attitudes and purposes for using the internet are scarce. This study aims to identify the patterns of teenage students towards the use of the internet. This study adopted a descriptive research design with a quantitative approach, based on a sample of 91 students from government and private schools in Nagarjun Municipality, Kathmandu, Nepal. Data were collected from the selected students through questionnaires, analyzed, and presented with the help of tables and graphs. Respondents were selected using convenience sampling technique. Primary data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The study found that 49% of respondents spent 20-60 minutes daily on the internet. Mobile phones were the most common mode to access the internet. 24% of the respondents stated that the purposes of internet use were to seek general information and communication. Similarly, about 73% of teenagers learnt to use the internet themselves. Results showed that users frequently used the internet for educational and entertainment purposes. It also revealed that mobile phone usage leads to an increase in internet accessibility. The study recommended for the productive use of the internet in education. It provides meaningful data for developing policies on education and enhancing digital literacy in developing countries.

Waveform Design for the Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer System.

Next-generation communication systems demand the integration of sensing, communication, and power transfer (PT) capabilities, requiring high spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and low cost while also necessitating robustness in high-speed scenarios. Integrated sensing and communication systems (ISACSs) exhibit the ability to simultaneously perform communication and sensing tasks using a single RF signal, while simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems can handle simultaneous information and energy transmission, and orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) signals are adept at handling high Doppler scenarios. Combining the advantages of these three technologies, a novel cyclic prefix (CP) OTFS-based integrated simultaneous wireless sensing, communication, and power transfer system (ISWSCPTS) framework is proposed in this work. Within the ISWSCPTS, the CP-OTFS matched filter (MF)-based target detection and parameter estimation (MF-TDaPE) algorithm is proposed to endow the system with sensing capabilities. To enhance the system's sensing capability, a waveform design algorithm based on CP-OTFS ambiguity function shaping (AFS) is proposed, which is solved by an iterative method. Furthermore, to maximize the system's sensing performance under communication and PT quality of service (QoS) constraints, a semidefinite relaxation (SDR) beamforming design (SDR-BD) algorithm is proposed, which is solved using through the SDR technique. The simulation results demonstrate that the ISWSCPTS exhibits stronger parameter estimation performance in high-speed scenarios compared to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), the waveform designed by CP-OTFS AFS demonstrates superior interference resilience, and the beamforming designed by SDR-BD strikes a balance in the overall performance of the ISWSCPTS.

RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY INDICATORS OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN THE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

The efficiency indicators of the functioning critical information infrastructures in the communication system are analyzed based on the architectural concept of future networks. The object of the study is hardware and software complexes critical information infrastructures for special purposes. Critical information infrastructure represents information and telecommunication communication systems, the maintenance, reliability and security which are necessary for the safe operation special-purpose enterprises. In order to avoid the occurrence of various security and reliability incidents, the studied critical infrastructures communication systems require constant analysis and updating operating rules. The subject of the research is a method for calculating quality indicators of the functioning of critical information infrastructures in communication systems. In this work, using the example of a communication system based on modern technologies, the sequence of actions for analyzing threats to the security of a critical information infrastructure facility is considered. The purpose of the study is to develop a new approach for creating methods for calculating indicators of efficiency, reliability and information security systems. Based on the analysis of the work, a method for calculating efficiency indicators critical information infrastructures of communication systems is proposed and important analytical expressions for further research are obtained. As a result of the study, the main conclusions of the study were obtained, which can be implemented and used in critical infrastructures of communication systems to calculate the quality of functioning public computer and telecommunication systems.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengumuman dan Komunikasi Berbasis Web di SMK Skyhigh

The effective and efficient use of information systems is a major challenge for Skyhigh Vocational High School (SMK Skyhigh) in delivering timely and structured information to students and parents. This study aims to design and develop a web-based announcement and communication information system that can improve the accessibility and speed of information distribution within the school environment. The research employs the waterfall software development method, which includes the stages of planning, design, development, and testing. The results show that the system, built using PHP, JavaScript, HTML, and CSS, successfully meets client needs by providing an intuitive and responsive interface. Testing with both black box and white box methods indicates that all system components function well and comply with the specified requirements. In conclusion, this system offers a relevant and practical solution to communication needs at SMK Skyhigh and has the potential to be adapted by other educational institutions.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АНІЗОТРОПНОГО БІПОЛЯРНОГО ТЕРМОЕЛЕМЕНТА

Modern information communication networks include monitoring subsystems. The operation of monitoring subsystems is based on the operation of various sensors. Among the sensors used in the monitoring subsystems, thermoelectric sensors occupy an insignificant share. In order for thermoelectric sensors to become more widespread, it is necessary to solve the problem of a small value of thermoelectric efficiency. It is proposed to solve this problem by switching to sensors based on anisotropic bipolar thermoelement. In the presented work, the influence of thermoelectric vortices with turbulent flow on the sensitivity of sensors based on anisotropic bipolar thermoelements was studied. The dependence of the value of the transverse thermal-EMF of this structure on the anisotropy coefficient K of the anisotropic bipolar thermoelectric material was determined. Corresponding singular points and limits of their existence are revealed. The dependence of the directions of rotation of vortices with a turbulent nature of the flow on the direction of approach to these points was established. The temperature sensitivity of the sensor based on an anisotropic bipolar thermoelement made of single crystals of cadmium antimonide with both unipolar and bipolar characteristics was evaluated. Research results show a significant increase in the temperature sensitivity of such sensors based on anisotropic bipolar thermoelements, which can be used as thermal sensors for monitoring individual elements of the information communication system. Such thermoelements will have an improved coefficient of temperature dependence of volt-watt sensitivity compared to anisotropic unipolar thermoelements. The conducted numerical calculations show the prospects of using anisotropic bipolar thermoelements as sensors for monitoring modern information and communication systems for collecting information, both about the system itself and the environment.

Defining a selection procedure of CRM systems for the information-analytical support to the marketing activities at an enterprise

The object of this study is digital marketing at an enterprise. The investigated problem is the lack of a sufficient level of systematic consideration of the task to use information communication systems and technologies in the marketing activities of enterprises. Availability of such a system would increase the company's potential in creating mutual value for the seller and the client when implementing relationship marketing technologies. It is shown that the information and analytical support of the enterprise's marketing activity can be presented as a tool of the enterprise's activity, functioning as an element of the enterprise's management system. Among the general criteria for choosing a CRM system, it is proposed to consider convenience and ease of use, flexibility of system settings for special business needs, price, simplicity. Such consideration of CRM systems and their capabilities provide economic effects that affect the profitability of the enterprise and prevent the impact of negative factors on the development of the company. The proposed procedure for choosing an adequate CRM system was verified on the example of a dental clinic, which made it possible to draw a conclusion about the feasibility of implementing a CRM system in the business under study. It is based on received estimates of short-term and long-term economic effects of the system's application. Calculated data are provided for support, which showed that the productivity of the administrator's work increased by 73.3 %, and the average duration of patient care by the doctor, taking into account the time of registration, decreased by 25 %. This is due to the fact that the system makes it possible to perform a quick search on the general electronic database, and the time saved at this stage can be spent on performing additional work

Construction of systemic interaction between tools of remote monitoring of the technical condition and operation modes of a truck vehicle

Parameters of the technical condition of transportation means in modern transport-logistics and infrastructure systems are an integral element of their communication support. This is enabled by the use of remote information monitoring technologies in control processes. The object of this study is the processes of vehicle remote monitoring in terms of determining the technical condition. The work addressed the task of improving the process of vehicle technical operation through the construction of a model of the remote monitoring system of its technical condition. A remote version of the information-analytical monitoring system was implemented. The work considers the system interaction of the means of remote monitoring of the state of a vehicle to ensure control under the operating conditions of the driver's work and rest modes. Road, transport, climatic conditions, etc. were taken into account. Considering these features, an information and analytical model of the system for remote monitoring of vehicle condition was built. Features of the subject area of the system are described using a DFD diagram. A structured information model of the information-communication system has been constructed, which has the ability to actually provide vehicle remote monitoring, the driver's work and rest modes, and his/her physical condition. The results, subject to the use of the V2I information model in the field of transport, allow remote monitoring of the vehicle technical condition. Specifically, to analyze the influence of changes in the physical condition and modes of work and rest of drivers on changes in the vehicle operating parameters