ICT Development Research Articles

Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering Method for Grouping Provinces in Indonesia Based on Welfare Indicators Aspects of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

The welfare of the people is a task and goal that must be realized by the Republic of Indonesia. To find out the condition of the welfare of the Indonesian people, it can be seen from 8 areas of Indonesia's welfare indicators. Indicators The welfare of the Indonesian people is undergoing a digital transformation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in 2021. However, there was a gap in ICT development due to geographical conditions and the distribution and dynamics of each region's society. Cluster analysis is a solution for target setting for better future decisions. Fuzzy Geographically Weighted Clustering (FGWC) is one of the cluster methods with fuzzy logic that considers geographical and population elements in grouping targets. The results of the research resulted in 3 optimum clusters with different characteristics of each cluster based on indicators of ICT aspects of people's welfare. Cluster 1 has a low status of ICT indicators of people's welfare and is located in the middle or at the end of the island, provinces from cluster 2 have a medium status of ICT indicators of people's welfare with a medium area, while cluster 3 has a high status of ICT indicators of people's welfare with a large area or dense populations.

E-MODULE DEVELOPMENT IN ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS COURSES BASED ON PROJECT LEARNING

The lack of maximum learning motivation has a direct impact on student lecture out-comes. The provision of teaching modules needs to be adjusted to ICT developments in order to provide more meaningful lectures. This development research aims to produce e-modules based on project learning (PjBL) in electrical circuit courses that are valid, practi-cal and have a positive impact on student learning outcomes. This research is development research using the ADDIE model with five stages: analysis, design, development, imple-mentation, and evaluation. The subjects of this study consisted of 2 material, media, lan-guage experts, 38 semester 2 students, and 2 course lecturers. Data was collected through questionnaires and tests. The research instruments included validity and practicality ques-tionnaire sheets, as well as tests of electrical circuit lecture results. The results of the re-search show that the E-module developed has a validity level from media experts of 90.00% with a Very Valid classification, a validity level from language experts of 86.00% with a Very Valid classification, and a validity level from material experts of 92.00 % with Very Valid classification. This PjBL-based e-module also has a level of practicality in terms of the student aspect of 88.14%, including in the "Very Practical" category, a level of practicality in terms of the lecturer's aspect of 82.60%, including in the "Very Practical" category and is effective in improving results Electric circuit lecture.

ICT and rural development in the global south. By Willemvan Eekelen, 1st edn, Routledge, London, 2023, p. 226.

ICT and rural development in the global south. By Willemvan Eekelen, 1st edn, Routledge, London, 2023, p. 226.

Financial inclusion, environmental degradation, and the moderating role of ICT: a global perspective.

This study aims to investigate the global perspective on the relationship between financial inclusion and environmental degradation, taking into account the potential moderating role of information and communication technology (ICT). The research utilizes panel data from 131 countries, covering the period of 1995 to 2019. The findings show that financial inclusion has significant and positive impact on carbon emissions, implying that as financial inclusion increases, so do carbon emissions. Moreover, our findings reveal a significant negative moderating effect of the ICT on the relationship between financial inclusion and carbon emissions. This implies that the impact of financial inclusion on carbon emissions is contingent upon the level of ICT development. The robustness of these findings is confirmed through the use of alternative proxies for the explanatory and moderating variables, as well as alternative estimation methods. The outcomes of this study carry significant implications for both policy and practice.

Identifying the roles of governance, ICT, and financial development to facilitate renewable energy generation in BRICS countries

Identifying the roles of governance, ICT, and financial development to facilitate renewable energy generation in BRICS countries

Sustainability in the metallic minerals industry: The imperative for carbon accounting - insights from firm-level analysis in China

This paper presents an in-depth exploration of critical factors influencing sustainability within China's metallic resource mining sector, examining 100 publicly listed companies within the sector on China's stock exchanges. Using the CS-ARDL technique, the study finds that carbon accounting positively impacts energy expenditure reduction by enhancing transparency on pollution, optimizing resource efficiency, incentivizing energy-efficient technology adoption, and improving market access. Additionally, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development significantly lowers energy costs in both the short (0.26%) and long term (0.48%) by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, automation, and data-driven decision-making. Crucially, Research and Development (R&D) investments reduce energy expenses, with a 1% increase resulting in a 0.16% short-term and 0.36% long-term reduction. Enhanced stock prices correlate with increased energy expenditure, and boosting employment efficiency reduces energy costs. These findings underscore the importance of ICT development, innovation, and comprehensive policy measures in advancing sustainability within China's metallic resource mining companies, aligning with evolving sustainability goals.

Impact of ICT development on bilateral intermediate input trade: Considering cross-country heterogeneity

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on bilateral trade flows, focusing on intermediate inputs across 161 countries from 1990 to 2016. We utilize the Eora global supply chain input-output tables to distinguish trade in intermediate inputs from gross trade. By adopting the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimator, we find that ICT promotes bilateral and intermediate input trade by lowering trade costs. Notably, the similarity in ICT development between home and host countries is positively associated with bilateral intermediate input trade. Furthermore, the positive effects of ICT on bilateral intermediate input trade are stronger in labor-abundant countries than in capital-abundant countries. We also find that the positive relationship becomes more significant in low-income countries than in high-income ones. Labor-abundant and low-income countries are expected to experience an increase in intermediate input trade through ICT development.

Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Indonesia

The urgency of ICT development and interconnectivity among regions has recently gained attention. This research aims to mediate and assess the progress of ICT by analyzing factors that can impact the economy. Consequently, it can be observed how ICT influences the economy of each Indonesian province. This study is conducted to contribute and enrich empirical studies on Regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and its influencing factors. It provides insights for policymakers, especially the central and local governments, in stimulating regional economies and gaining a different perspective on ICT and its impact on GDP. However, to capture the indirect effects of development on the economy, a lag of one year is applied to each variable. The data period for the GDP variable is limited to 2017-2021, while for other variables, it is 2016-2020, aligning with the research objective of examining the economic development overview. These data are then processed using panel data regression. Based on descriptive and statistical analysis, it can be concluded that the percentage of the population aged 5 and above accessing the internet has a significant contribution to the economy as depicted by GDP. However, there are other more significant factors contributing to Indonesia's GDP.
 

Utilizing the resources efficiency: Evidence from the impacts of media industry and digitalization

This study explores the intricate link between media, cultural industries, and mineral resource efficiency in ten major global CO2 emitters from 2000 to 2020, using the CS-ARDL technique. Key findings indicate that the culture and media sector's value addition positively impacts mineral resource efficiency, particularly in the long term, underscoring the need for sustained efforts in this sector. Financial development shows a positive correlation with mineral resource efficiency, with a 1% increase corresponding to about 0.36% and 0.41% increases in short- and long-term mineral resource efficiency, respectively. Poverty ratios are negatively correlated with mineral resource efficiency, highlighting the importance of addressing poverty to indirectly enhance resource efficiency. The study also demonstrates a positive relationship between ICT development and resource efficiency, showcasing digitalization's role in optimizing resource utilization. Good governance and patent applications are positively linked to mineral resource efficiency, emphasizing transparent governance frameworks and innovation. Policy recommendations for major CO2 emitters include leveraging media for sustainability awareness, poverty alleviation, ICT diffusion, fostering green finance growth, and supporting green patent development.

Complex patterns of ICTs' effect on sustainable development at the national level: The triple bottom line perspective

Building upon the complexity theory, we explore the interaction effects of the development of key digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) at the national level on a country's sustainability performance. By the means of the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis on a sample of 77 countries, we show that 1) a country's ICT profile matters for national sustainability performance, not a single ICT element; 2) national sustainability performance is not (only) about the level of ICT development of a country, but about composition and a quality of its ICT profile; 3) there are multiple distinctive ICT profiles that may lead to high or low sustainability performance (social, economic or environmental) at the national level; and 4) environmental sustainability may have conflicting ICT-related antecedents in comparison to social and economic sustainability. These results offer two primary contributions to research focused on the role of ICTs in supporting (or deterring) sustainable development. First, moving away from simplified perspective of a country's ICT development by focusing on a country's ICT profile allows us to distinguish effects (both positive and negative) of different ICT elements, as well as to take synergies brought by technological convergences into account. This allows us to capture effects of ICT elements in their totality, avoiding to lose richness and comprehensiveness. Second, by focusing on the triple-bottom line sustainability, we add to the growing evidence that environmental-focused goals often conflict with those related to social and economic aspects of sustainable development.

The 4th Industrial Revolution Effects on Industrial Production of South Africa

This study examines how critical South Africa's response to the fourth industrial revolution industrial production. In a developing continent like Africa technological advancements have been rather slow, and adapting to those technological changes has been challenging. Since the age of artificial intelligence entered the economic market and there is an increased demand to implement more Artificial intelligence in production. This study looks at how can more fourth industrial production be employed without having an impact on markets like employment, and whether is it a given possibility with the low levels of energy generation, ICT investment, industrial production performance, ICT development, and human capital development. The endogenous growth framework frameworks evaluate the statistical significance elements of economic growth, such as investments in human capital, knowledge, and innovation. The Cobb-Douglas production functions framework shows the technological connection between two or more inputs and how much output they may produce. These results show the correlation between non-stationary time sequences over the long term and for a given time period. The six variables and total industrial production in the study revealed positive correlations between growth and human capital investments and causation. This means that growth benefits are to some degree being directed toward the improvement of the skill sector and financing. This indicates that the industrial sector supported the labour market.

A nonlinear analysis of the impacts of information and communication technologies on environmental quality: A global perspective

Although many current studies have explored a series of factors influencing environmental quality, few have investigated the nonlinearity between information and communication technology (ICT) and the environment. This article uses the method of moments quantile regression (MM-QR) technique to evaluate the nonlinear and heterogeneous effects of all influencing factors on carbon dioxide emissions under various emission distributions. Using panel data from 90 countries, the results first indicate that ICT exerts a significant positive impact on carbon emissions; specifically, the higher the level of ICT development, the greater the carbon emissions. Second, in the conditional distribution of carbon emissions, the influence of ICT exhibits considerable heterogeneity, and ICT development has a larger positive effect on carbon dioxide emissions in countries with lower levels of pollution from a global perspective. Finally, the adverse impact of ICT on the environment can be mitigated through financial system development, urbanization, industrialization, and trade openness. This study enriches existing related literature and provides targeted insights for governments and policymakers in low- and high-pollution countries to reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable development.

The Influence of Technology on Management and Legal Aspects of the Tourism Business

Tourism is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in various countries around the world. In the last decade, the development of ICT has significantly changed the landscape of tourism business. The influence of technology on management and legal aspects in the tourism business is becoming an increasingly important topic to research. This research aims to examine the influence of technology on management and legal aspects in tourism business. This research adopts a qualitative approach through literature analysis, which means that this research will investigate and explain information and content sourced from various documents and texts as the basis for analysis. The study results show that the influence of technology in the tourism business has significantly changed the landscape of this industry. The management of tourism companies has undergone major changes, with online booking, data analytics, better communication, and more efficient inventory management. Along with that, the legal aspects of tourism business have faced new challenges with increasingly stringent regulations on data protection, e-commerce, international travel regulations, and corporate social responsibility.

Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Elektronik Berbasis Pendekatan Konstruktivisme pada Materi Sistem Sirkulasi untuk Peserta Didik SMA

21st Century Learning requires educators to be able to develop teaching materials in accordance with ICT developments and the needs of students. Electronic LKPD based on a constructivism approach to circulation system material for high school students was developed to help students become more interested and active in learning, understand material easily, and show the process of absorbing information so as to create meaningful learning. The type of research used is development research using the Intructional Development Institute (IDI) model which has 3 stages, namely define, develop, and evaluate. The subjects in this study were two lecturers of biologists at Padang State University, one biology educator and 30 students of class XI IPA at SMA Negeri 1 IV Koto. The object of this research is electronic LKPD based on constructivism approach on circulation system material for high school students. The research instruments used were educator interview questionnaires, student questionnaires, validity test sheets, and practicality test sheets. The results of the validity test of this electronic LKPD were 90.10% in the very valid category and the results of the practicality test of this electronic LKPD were 89.66% in the very practical category. It can be concluded that the electronic LKPD based on the constructivism approach on circulation system material for high school students gets very valid and very practical values.

SAD CULTURE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE US’ MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AS EXPRESSED IN SOCIAL MEDIA

The exponential growth of social media has resulted in the establishment of significant communities, trends, and phenomena. Amidst these phenomena is the sad culture, where social media users comfortably express their mental concerns. This study is conducted to have a profound conclusion on Sad Culture as a phenomenon, using social influence theory to determine its cause of emergence. In addition, the meaning of the terminologies is discussed using appraisal theory. This study implements qualitative and content analysis research design. It is implemented by gathering the data from @mytherapistsays Instagram page and performing an in-depth content analysis. Upon conducting the research, it is concluded that Sad Culture is a type of cyberculture. It is formed due to the rapid development of ICT–social media in particular–and the rising number of mental illnesses in the US. It started as a trend, then grew massive due to conformity, a term under social influence theory defined as an act where the majority influences others to perform what is believed to be the norm. In @mytherapistsays Instagram account, ten appraisal items are found, comprising 10% positive and 90% negative items.

How ICT Development Since the 1990s Has Contributed Differently to Gender Equality in High-income, Middle-income and Low-income Countries

Gender inequality is a global issue. It is well known that ICT (Information and Communications Technology) development has a place in promoting gender equality, and many international organizations that aim to promote gender equality have adopted measures on ICT expansion in the process of promoting gender equality. Since the 1990s, ICT has been introduced almost globally, and the lack of access to ICT has improved even in the more disadvantaged regions. The existing literatures have answered positively to the question of whether ICT has contributed to the development of gender equality, but no studies have been conducted to determine whether ICT development has had a different impact on the promotion of gender equality in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries, and middle- and low- income countries are at different stages of development. If it is true that development of gender equality in middle- and low-income countries has been deeply influenced by ICT development, it can be assumed that the continued promotion of ICT development is effective in reducing gender gap in these countries. Therefore, in this paper, GDI (Gender Development Index), HDI (Human Development Index), GGGI (Global Gender Gap Index), investment in ICT with private participation (current US$), mobile cellular subscriptions, individuals using the Internet (% of population), and fixed broadband subscriptions were used to explore whether the development of ICT since the 1990s has had a differential impact on the development of gender equality in the United States, Norway, Mexico, China, Mali, and Yemen. The final result showed that the contribution of ICT development to gender equality since the 1990s is more significant in middle- and low-income countries, and the positive correlation between ICT development and gender equality is more pronounced in middle- and low-income countries.

What is the role of green ICT innovation in lowering carbon emissions in China? A provincial-level analysis

Green information and communication technology (ICT) is key to attaining carbon neutrality and a low-carbon economy. Applying panel data of 30 provinces in China, this study explores the internal mechanism and heterogeneous effect of green ICT innovation at lowering carbon emissions (CE) in China. The results disclose the following. Green ICT innovation significantly reduces the nation's provincial carbon emission, and the results remain valid after endogenous treatment and robustness test. Furthermore, green ICT innovation and CE do not exhibit a U-shape relationship, indicating the absence of a rebound effect. Green ICT innovation has an energy-saving effect and a productivity effect, demonstrating that energy intensity and green total factor productivity play an intermediary role. A better ICT development foundation strengthens green ICT innovation's carbon reduction effect. Besides, the CE reduction effect has three-dimensional heterogeneity depending on different economic development levels, type of green ICT innovation, and different carbon emissions regions. Finally, based on these results, the paper offers policy implications.

Assessing the ICT development in Iranian cities: The strategy to accelerate digital advancement

Iran is one of the Middle East's developing countries, with a per capita GDP that ranks among the upper middle countries, according to international reports. On the other hand, according to research, the development of e-government in a country is directly tied to that country's economic status. Despite its economic strength, Iran is not well-positioned in the sphere of information and communication technology (ICT), with undesirable development of e-government and ICT infrastructure. The performance of Iranian provinces in the field of ICT development is analyzed in this study utilizing the DEA-CCR model, the Malmquist productivity index (MPI), reciprocal efficiency technique and k-means clustering. The main contribution of this study is that it aids policymakers and top managers by identifying poorly performing provinces, to make thorough preparations to strengthen them, and implement suitable policies and strategies. Indeed, by supporting and developing the weak provinces in the field of ICT, the overall ICT status of the country will improve.

Developing information and communication technology with the belt and road initiative and the digital silk road

This paper examines the impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on the information and communication technology (ICT) development of participating economies. ICT development is measured with internet penetration, mobile penetration, broadband subscription, and telephone subscription. The causal effect of the BRI on ICT development is estimated using a propensity score reweighting difference-in-differences (DiD) model. We find that the participating economies experience a significant rise in ICT development. A country's participation in the Digital Silk Road (DSR) in addition to the BRI further increases its ICT development and increases its participation in global ICT value chains relative to their BRI-only counterparts. Overall, the benefit of participating in the BRI on ICT development is enhanced by participating in the DSR. However, there are unequal trade creation effects between China and the rest of the world. The participating economies increase their imports of computer and information services more from and increase their imports of communication services less from China than from the rest of the world after the participation. These results are robust to a parallel trend test, alternative ICT measures and alternative estimation methods. Finally, we highlight the implications of our results for policy makers in developing countries who want to improve their ICT development and to engage in global ICT value chains, and for academics in developing future research to evaluate these initiatives at the macro- and micro-levels.

Unravelling Income Inequality in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on income inequality in Indonesia. The analytical method used includes linear regression to evaluate the causal relationship between the dependent variable (Gini Ratio) and ICT indicators. Furthermore, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to group provinces based on ICT characteristics. The results of the regression analysis show that the ICT variables have a significant influence on the Gini Ratio, illustrating the close relationship between ICT and income inequality. In addition, clustering produces two regional groups: Cluster 1, with better access and use of ICT, and Cluster 2, with lower ICT characteristics but advantages in telecommunication infrastructure. This research shows the importance of inclusive and sustainable ICT development to reduce income inequality in Indonesia. Appropriate policies for increasing the accessibility and use of ICTs can have a positive impact on social and economic development throughout Indonesia.