Influence Of Plant Growth Regulators Research Articles

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Assessing photosynthetic performance of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) influenced by plant growth regulators and drought stress imposed at vegetative and reproductive stages

Maintaining crop productivity under limited irrigation water requires some new strategies. This study investigated the influence of drought stress and the application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) including jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and putrescine on photosynthetic performance of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). The results indicated that fennel exhibited active osmoregulation which prevented a sharp decrease in relative water content. Fennel successfully maintained high leaf chlorophyll index, Net photosynthesis rate, and transpiration under mild stress, however, severe stress reduced the photosynthetic parameters by 22%, 24%, and 50%, respectively. Drought stress increased chlorophyll a fluorescence when fennel plants exposed to the stress condition. Vk and Wk parameters related to the donor side of photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII) increased by 44% when severe drought stress imposed at the vegetative stage and 34% when occurred during the flowering. The elevation of Vk and Wk indicated a failure in water splitting in PSII. The VJ and VI parameters of acceptor sides increased by 16% and 22%, respectively when drought stress imposed at the vegetative phase and to 19% and 30%, when drought stress occurred during reproductive phase. Using PGRs resulted in reduced VJ, VI, Vk, and Wk, suggesting that some degree of recovery of damages occurred. All three PGRs stimulated biomass production and on average, plants yielded roughly 1.6 fold higher than the control plants. The influences of PGRs were mainly independent of drought stress level.

Growth regulators induced shoot regeneration and volatile compound production in Lippia rotundifolia Cham., a threatened medicinal plant

Lippia rotundifolia Cham. is an endemic and endangered plant found in the savanna that is aromatic and rich in monoterpenes. The aims of the study were to evaluate the influence of plant growth regulators on the growth and chemical analysis of L. rotundifolia by headspace/GC–MS. Nodal segments (1.0 cm) were cultured on basal Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with the following amounts of growth regulators: 0.0, 2.22, 6.66, 11.10, and 15.54 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) combined with 0.0, 2.68, and 5.36 μM naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 0.0, 2.27, 4.54, 6.81, and 9.08 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) combined with 0.0, 2.68, and 5.36 μM NAA. The most effective concentrations were 11.10 μM BAP + 2.68 μM NAA, which induced 11 shoots explant−1, and 15.54 μM BAP + 2.68 μM NAA, with 11.6 shoots explant−1. The TDZ at a concentration of 6.81 μM with 2.68 μM NAA resulted in 20 shoots explant−1, 9.08 μM TDZ without NAA in 22.8 shoots explant−1, and 9.08 μM TDZ + 2.68 μM NAA in 18.1 shoots explant−1. Rooting took place on MS medium free of plant growth regulators, and acclimatization was successful (95%). The influence of plant growth regulators on the fraction of volatile compounds appeared to be quite variable. The cytokinin concentration was found to significantly influence the production of volatile compounds in L. rotundifolia shoot cultures. These findings indicate that shoots regenerated from nodal segments on MS medium containing higher concentrations of BAP and NAA have increased myrcenone and limonene. Ocimenone contents increased only at low concentrations of BAP and NAA.

Germination and Early Development of Corn Seeds under the Influence of Plant Growth Regulator

Germination and Early Development of Corn Seeds under the Influence of Plant Growth Regulator

Influence of plant growth regulators and nutrients on biometric, growth and yield attributes in Blackgram (Vigna mungoL.)

A study was carried on the transport efficiency of blackgram as influenced by the foliar application of plant growth regulators and nutrient mixture during rabi, 2017-18 as pot culture experiment at glass house of the Department of Crop Physiology. Foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) (250 ppm), mepiquat chloride (MC) (250 ppm), chlorocholine chloride (CCC) (150 ppm) were applied at flower initiation stage and 15 days after the first spray, on blackgram with and without the seed treatment of salicylic acid (50 ppm). TNAU Pulse Wonder (1%) was applied as foliar spray at peak flowering stage. Among the treatments, TNAU Pulse Wonder recorded higher plant height, leaf area, leaf area index and seed yield plant-1. It is concluded that TNAU Pulse Wonder improved the source-sink relationship compared to other treatments with enhanced biometric, growth parameters and yield of blackgram.

The influence of plant growth regulators on black currant reproduction (Ribes nigrum l.)

The influence of plant growth regulators on black currant reproduction (Ribes nigrum l.)

Influence of plant growth regulators (BA, TDZ, 2-iP and NAA) on micropropagation of Aglaonema widuri

Aglaonema widuri is an evergreen and indoor ornamental plant. This study aimed to investigate the effect of some plant growth regulators on micropropagation of A. widuri. A protocol was developed for high frequency in vitro multiplication of A. widuri on the same medium for both shoots and roots induction. This condition decreases time duration and cost of micropropagation. Apical buds as explants were obtained from greenhouse-grown A. widuri and were established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Three cytokinins including N6-benzyladenine (BA; 0.00, 3.00, 3.50, and 4.00 mg l-1), 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiaiazol-5-yl), urea (TDZ; 0.00, 0.50, and 1.00 mg l-1), and N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2-iP; 0.00 and 7.00 mg l-1), along with one auxin [α-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 mg l-1) were studied for their effect on micropropagation of A. widuri. The plantlets were transferred to pots and grown in the greenhouse with a success rate of 95%. BA and NAA treatments as 3.00 mg l-1+ 0.2 mg l-1 recorded the highest shoot proliferation rate (number: 6.00 shoots and length: 7.75 cm per explant). Treatment of 4.00 mg l-1 BA + 0.10 mg l-1 NAA + 0.50 mg l-1 TDZ produced maximum nodes (13.25 per explant). The largest number of leaves (4.25 per explant) was produced in the medium containing 3.50 mg l-1 BA + 0.20 mg l-1 NAA. Maximum root initiation and development (14.25 per explant) was obtained on the medium containing 3.00 mg l-1 BA + 0.20 mg l-1 NAA. The combination of 3.50 mg l-1 BA + 0.20 mg l-1 NAA was found to be the most suitable growth regulator for obtaining the highest root length (8.25 cm per explant).

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Influence of plant growth regulators on the shoot culture of Phyllanthus glaucus and accumulation of indolizidine alkaloids with evaluation of antimicrobial activity

In the presented studies, plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated for their influence on the shoot development and the content of biologically active indolizidine alkaloids, securinine, and allosecurinine in Phyllanthus glaucus (Euphorbiaceae) in vitro shoot cultures. The experiments included five cytokinins [kinetin, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2-isopentenyladenine, and thidiazuron] and two auxins [indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] used in a different concentrations. The results were tested for statistical differences. The highest number of shoot per explant (11.5) was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L and BAP 1.0 mg/L, and the optimal rooting response (87.50%) was obtained on MS medium-containing IBA 1.0 mg/L. The rooted plantlets were transferred into the soil and the survival rate was 70.0%. The differences in accumulation of particular alkaloids were revealed depending on PGRs present in harvesting medium. The highest total concentration of alkaloids was determined in the shoot culture grown in the presence of BAP 0.5 mg/L [5.82 mg/g dry weight (DW)]. In routine propagation, MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.5 mg/L and BAP 0.5 mg/L was used as a compromise between the relatively high proliferation rate (~ 8 shoots/explant) and the total content of alkaloids (4.73 mg/g DW). The antimicrobial activity of the biomass and isolated securinine was evaluated towards 12 strains of bacteria and one fungal strain. The differences in bacterial susceptibility against P. glaucus extract and securinine were showed. The MBC values range from 0.01 to 5 mg/mL and from 0.063 to 0.250 mg/mL, respectively, for extract and securinine.

Influence of plant growth regulators on growth characters of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv.ANNAMALAI

Influence of plant growth regulators on growth characters of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv.ANNAMALAI

Influence of plant growth regulators on yield and quality characters of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv.ANNAMALAI

Influence of plant growth regulators on yield and quality characters of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cv.ANNAMALAI

Influence of plant growth regulators on key‐coding genes expression associated with phytochemicals biosynthesis and antioxidant activity in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) sprouts

SummaryThe present study was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on phytochemicals biosynthesis and antioxidant activity in soybean sprouts. GmVTC2, GmDHAR and GmGLDH were investigated for the biosynthesis of vitamin C. GmPAL, GmCHS and GmIFS were investigated for the biosynthesis of phenolics, flavonoids and isoflavones. Our results revealed that 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA) treatment significantly affected the expression levels of those major genes, followed by Gibberellin (GA3) and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Moreover, the highest levels of vitamin C, polyphenolics and antioxidant activity in 6‐BA and GA3 treated groups indicate the synergistic and antagonistic role of growth regulators in the biosynthesis of phytochemicals. Overall, 6‐BA seems the key contributor in genes’ expression involve in the biosynthesis secondary metabolites and their antioxidant activity. Therefore, it could be the most suitable option to enhance nutritional quantity and health benefits of soybean sprouts.

Вплив стимуляторів росту на вкорінення живців самшиту вічнозеленого Buxus sempervirens L. в умовах закритого ґрунту

Наведено результати досліджень щодо регенераційної здатності самшиту вічнозеленого Buxus sempervirens L. за вегетативного розмноження методом живцювання залежно від впливу оброблення живців розчинами стимуляторів росту рослин (Гетероауксин, Корневін, Емістим С, Ростмомент та Епін) в умовах захищеного ґрунту Вінницького національного аграрного університету. Визначено відсоток вкорінення самшиту вічнозеленого залежно від виду стимулювального препарату. Досліджено вплив регуляторів росту рослин на особливості формування таких біометричних показників вкорінених живців, як висота надземної частини, кількість та довжина коренів, що є умовою розробки та вдосконалення методів ефективного розмноження самшиту вічнозеленого для потреб озеленення. Умовою значного поширення декоративних рослин, зокрема і самшиту вічнозеленого, є розроблення та вдосконалення методів ефективного розмноження з урахуванням їх біологічних властивостей, особливостей масового вирощування та потреб озеленення. Питання щодо забезпечення вітчизняного ринку потрібною кількістю садивного матеріалу рослин, адаптованих до місцевих природно-кліматичних умов, залишається надзвичайно актуальним. Отже, дослідження біологічних основ, а також розроблення нових та вдосконалення існуючих технологічних параметрів, вегетативного розмноження самшиту вічнозеленого завдяки використанню стимуляторів росту рослин, що дає змогу отримувати якісний та стійкий посадковий матеріал, є надзвичайно актуальним завданням, яке потребує глибокого наукового вивчення.

Influence of plant growth regulators on sex differentiation and floral characteristics of pomegranate flowers: a case of brassinosteroids

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of brassinosteroid application on the sex determination and floral growth of pomegranate flowers. Whole tress of <em>Punica granatum</em> ‘Mayhoş-8’ were sprayed with 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> 28-homobrassinolide (Hbr) at bud break. The selection of flowers was based on the appearance of a visible pistil/stigma and shape of the ovary of intact flowers. Grouping of bisexual flowers was based on their flower position, i.e., single, terminal, and lateral flowers, during the first flush of flowering in mid-June. Approximately 20 days and 40 days after spraying, 100 randomly chosen bisexual flowers per collection time were collected and measurements of floral parts were immediately taken. The differences between bisexual and functional male flowers were not distinct enough to assert any significant effects from the different Hbr treatments. Irrespective of treatments, the percentage of male flowers was higher than that of bisexual flowers. Hbr treatments applied at the bud break period had significant effects only on bisexual flowers that developed as single flowers. Applying 0.01 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Hbr produced comparably lower percentages of single bisexual flowers (53.4%). Although the 0.1 and 0.001 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Hbr treatments resulted in increased percentages of bisexual flowers, the difference was not significant. For the first collection time (mid-June), the effects of Hbr concentration on the size of the floral parts for bisexual flowers were only significant in ovary width and stigma diameter. As the concentration decreased, smaller ovaries were obtained. During the second flowering, application of 0.01 mg L<sup>−1</sup> Hbr considerably increased the overall sizes of floral parts in bisexual flowers. Hbr might affect the ratio of flower formation in certain positions on a branch and could influence the growth of floral parts in bisexual flowers. Further elucidation of these effects would help to better understand floral organ development in plants.

Plant Hormones enhance the yield by altering the physio-biological parameters in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)

A field trial was conducted using three varieties viz., VBN 1, APK 1 and VBN 3 to study the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) namely napthaleneacetic acid (NAA), Benzyl adenine (Cytokinin), gibberellic acid (GA3), ethrel, triacontanol, triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA,) mepiquat chloride (MC), salicylic acid (SA) and brassinolide (brassinosteroid (BR) in enhancing the yield potential of pigeonpea. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications. PGRs have significantly enhanced the yield by influencing biochemical and physiological parameters. The variety VBN 3 outperformed the other varieties by recording highest yield. Among different PGR’s tested, BR proved its worthiness in terms of yield and its components by enhancing growth parameters and yield. It can be concluded that foliar application of BR can be used as a physiological intervention to enhance the overall photosynthetic efficiency, total dry matter production, harvest index and grain yield in pigeonpea.

Influence of plant growth regulators on the effectiveness of chrysanthemum vegetative reproduction

Influence of plant growth regulators on the effectiveness of chrysanthemum vegetative reproduction

Crop yield and seed quality of agricultural crops under using plants growth regulators

During 2005–2012 years, the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) of domestic production on the yield, quality and seed productivity of agricultural crops was studied. The application of PGR (Endophyt, Ecostym, Neofit, Vegetestim, Noostim, Gart, Agrostim and Ecostim) meets environmental requirements, provides environmental protection, creates the right conditions for the growth and development of crops and improves their seed productivity. Long-term studies have proved the expediency and safety of PGR use in growing the main agricultural crops.

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Flowering and Yield Characteristics of Hybrid Tea Rose cv. Bugatti during Spring-Summer Months

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Flowering and Yield Characteristics of Hybrid Tea Rose cv. Bugatti during Spring-Summer Months

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Some Physico-Chemical Constituents of Seeds of Mustard Grown under Water Stress

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Some Physico-Chemical Constituents of Seeds of Mustard Grown under Water Stress